CA1062999A - Cleaning of hard surfaces - Google Patents
Cleaning of hard surfacesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1062999A CA1062999A CA261,071A CA261071A CA1062999A CA 1062999 A CA1062999 A CA 1062999A CA 261071 A CA261071 A CA 261071A CA 1062999 A CA1062999 A CA 1062999A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- dithionite
- weight
- sodium
- composition
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/0042—Reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/24—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with neutral solutions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure This application is directed to a dithionite compo-sition having improved stability and cleaning capacity. The composition comprises a dithionite, an activator for the dithionite, selected from the group consisting of OH-, Cl-, Br-or NO2- substituted benzo- or naphthoquinones and SO3R- or OH-substituted anthraquinone, and at least 5% by weight of a water-soluble sulfite.
Description
, C 536 (~) The invention relates to dithionite compositions and use of said compositions for cleaning surfaces. The invention is applicable for the rernoval of metal dust soiling andJnetal oxide stains, particularly rust stains from surfaces, both in household and in industry.
Sodium dithionite (Na2S204 or NazS204.2H20), also ¦
named sodium sulphoxylate or sodium hydrosulphite is a `
known reducing agent.
Also known are the stain and rust removing properties of dithionite compositions as disclosed in British Patent 951,290.
Aqueous dithionite solutions are, however, unstable;
they decompose rapidly, giving malodour due to the formation of sulphur dioxide and possibly also hydrogen sulphide. It has been suggested to suppress this decomposition and the development of objectionable odours by adding weak alkaline agents, such as ammonia, tri~ I
ethanolamine and ammonium carbonate, or metal-complexing !
l ~ agents, as described in German Patent Application 1,042,165 ~ ~
i of Hascher & Keim, Stuttgart, published 30 October 1958 and BritishO Patent 951,290. ~
Whereas the presence of such agents may indeed - -~: , ....
sufficiently reduce the development of objectionable odours from sodium dithionite, to make it practicable for ~5 use in the household and in processes where an aqueous solution, a slurry or paste of sodium dithionite after preparation is immediately applied, it does not, however, `
Sodium dithionite (Na2S204 or NazS204.2H20), also ¦
named sodium sulphoxylate or sodium hydrosulphite is a `
known reducing agent.
Also known are the stain and rust removing properties of dithionite compositions as disclosed in British Patent 951,290.
Aqueous dithionite solutions are, however, unstable;
they decompose rapidly, giving malodour due to the formation of sulphur dioxide and possibly also hydrogen sulphide. It has been suggested to suppress this decomposition and the development of objectionable odours by adding weak alkaline agents, such as ammonia, tri~ I
ethanolamine and ammonium carbonate, or metal-complexing !
l ~ agents, as described in German Patent Application 1,042,165 ~ ~
i of Hascher & Keim, Stuttgart, published 30 October 1958 and BritishO Patent 951,290. ~
Whereas the presence of such agents may indeed - -~: , ....
sufficiently reduce the development of objectionable odours from sodium dithionite, to make it practicable for ~5 use in the household and in processes where an aqueous solution, a slurry or paste of sodium dithionite after preparation is immediately applied, it does not, however, `
2~
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C 536 (11) v~ ' ~(~6~999 ~
provide sufficierlt stabilisation of dithionite solutions on storage.
Several cleaning operations, especially industrial `
cleaning, require the use of stock solutions of the cleaning composition. Since stock solutions are not normally used up immediately, they should not deteriorate and lose their effectiveness within the standing time, which may vary from several hours to several days.
It is an object of the invention to provide a cleaning composition comprising a dithionite, having improved stability and cleaning capacity.
A particular object of the invention is to provide a substantially neutral, non-corrosive and non-toxic dithionite composition, which is active in removing iron dust soiling and which can be suitably used for cleaning the exteriors of coaches, particularly railway coaches soiled with brake block dust.
The compositions of the invention on contact with water form stable solutions and are particularly useful for ~ ;
preparing stock solutions.
These and other objects, which will be apparent from the following description, can be achieved by combining a dithionite with an activator and a water-soluble sulphite.
Accordingly, the invention provides a dithionite composition cornprising a dithionite, an activator for the dithionite and a water-soluble sulphite in a proportion of at least 5% by weight, preferably 10-75% by weight.
:,
_" ,.,. , ,,, . ,~ ~,...................................................... .
C 536 (11) v~ ' ~(~6~999 ~
provide sufficierlt stabilisation of dithionite solutions on storage.
Several cleaning operations, especially industrial `
cleaning, require the use of stock solutions of the cleaning composition. Since stock solutions are not normally used up immediately, they should not deteriorate and lose their effectiveness within the standing time, which may vary from several hours to several days.
It is an object of the invention to provide a cleaning composition comprising a dithionite, having improved stability and cleaning capacity.
A particular object of the invention is to provide a substantially neutral, non-corrosive and non-toxic dithionite composition, which is active in removing iron dust soiling and which can be suitably used for cleaning the exteriors of coaches, particularly railway coaches soiled with brake block dust.
The compositions of the invention on contact with water form stable solutions and are particularly useful for ~ ;
preparing stock solutions.
These and other objects, which will be apparent from the following description, can be achieved by combining a dithionite with an activator and a water-soluble sulphite.
Accordingly, the invention provides a dithionite composition cornprising a dithionite, an activator for the dithionite and a water-soluble sulphite in a proportion of at least 5% by weight, preferably 10-75% by weight.
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, . . .
, . : .. ~ , . . .: : . . . , . ,. ~ ;, .. . . . .
C rj36 (R) 1~6~2999 Though the most commonly used dithionites for stain removal are the alkali metal and zinc salts, particularly sodium dithionite, it should be appreciated that the inven-tion is not limited thereto and any dithionite exerting a reducing ef~ect to provide stain-removing properties can be used in the present invention. A prererred dithionite is, however, sodium dithionite.
Examples of water-soluble sulphites which can be used in the present invention are the alkali metal sulphites, including ammonium sulphite. A preferred sulphite is sodium sulphite.
Activators for dithionites are known in the art and have been disclosed in British Patent 951,290. They comprise OH-, Cl-, Br- or NO2-substituted benzo- o~
naphthoquinonesO
Any of these known activators can be used as desired in the composition of the invention.
Another class of useful activators is formed by the group of SO3H- and OH-substituted anthraquinones, e.g. 1,4-dihydroxy anthraquinone and anthraquinone-2-sulphonic acid.
The composition of the invention may further comprise as optional ingredients a complexing agent and as desired other ingredients and fillers, such as surface-active agents, perfume and sodium sulphate. , i The metal-complexing agents which can be used in the present invention are known in the art. They are capable o~ ¦ ;
chelating or sequestering metal ions to varying degrees and include nitrilotriacetic acid and its alkali metal salts, ~4~
: '.
C 5~6 (R) ~
~1 j' lO~Z9~9 f ~ ~
such as sodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA); ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and its alkali metal salts, such as tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA); I :
citric acid and gluconic acid and their alkali metal salts, such as sodium citrate andsodium gluconate.
The presence of an organic surface-active agent, e.g.
an anionic or a nonionic surfactant, is generally advanta-geous in cases where the metal dust and iron oxide soiling is combined with fatty or oily material. A preferred sur- ¦
face-active agent is a nonionic surfactant, e.g. a12-c18 ~-alcohol condensed with 5-10 eth~lene oxide groups.
A thickening agent is preferably added to achieve a somewhat thickened liquid, when preparing stock solutions of the composition. A desirable viscosity range of ;~ ~-dithionite solutions for cleaning purposes is from about 20 cps - 100 cps, preferably from about 30 cps to about ~ f :
80 cps. It has been found that within said viscosity f ::
range dithionite solutions are better manageable for use in spray-cleaning. Moreover, thickened dithionite -solutions show increased stability and cleaning performance. :~
Particularly when the solution is used for cleaning vertical - surfaces by spraying, the thickened liquid adheres to the surface and does not flow down easily from the surface by gravitational forces, so increasing the reaction time.
Though quite a number of thickening agents are known in the art, the number of useful thickening agents suitable for the present system is quite limited.
Suitable types of thickeners are polysaccharides and _5_ .: :.. . .
~ '` ~
C 536 (R) . .
hydroxymethyl- and hydroxyethylcellulose derivatives..:.
In preparing the composition of the invention any of the optional ingredients may be formulated together with the basic dithionite compositi.on, but, for the sake of convenience in handling and dosing, it may be advantageous to formulate them as a separate composition,which can be dosed at any desirable ratio with the basic dithionite composi.tion.
A preferable composition system is that which on admixing with water provides a solution having a pH within the range o~ 5 to 9, more particularly from 6 to 8. ~ .-The following dithionite powder cornpositions are -within the scope of the present invention: ~
;~
~ ~ .
' ,. '':
-6- ~
.
C 536 (R) :.
Composition A
sodium dithionite25 -~ 95% by weight sodium sulphite5 - 75% by weight Composition AB
sodium dithionite20 - 60% by weight sodium sulphite10 - 50% by weight complexing agent5 - 30% by weight --activator0.3 - 5% by weight thickening agent1 - 15% by weight ~iller, e.g. sodium sulphate 0 - 40% by weight ~ -surface-active agent0 10% by weight -Composition system (A + B~
(A) sodium dithionite 25 - 95% by weight sodium sulphite5 - 75% by weight 15 ' (B) complexing agent 30 - 70% by weight -activator5 - 20% by weight thickening agent 15 - 50% by weight sur~ace-active agent 0 - 15% by weight filler, e.g. sodium s~hate 0 - 40% by weight.
The above-described compositions of the invention are particularly active in removing metal dust soiling and rust stains, are substantially non-toxic, non-corrosive and easily dissolvable in cold water, giving stable solu-tions. ~ -Adjusted to a pH value of about 5-9 the solutions do not ~orm deposits in hard water, do not cause stress crazing of polishes and are non-corrosive to aluminium, - and hence are particularly suitable for use in the clean-, ~ 7 ~
,~.",., , i" " " ,~ , ". , ,",~, ", ", ,", ",","""", ; .... . - , , . . , , , ., .. . ,: , ,.
lO~Z999 C 536 (R~
ing of sinks and bathtubs and rust removal of metal surfaces as well as the exterior cleaning of coaches, particularly railway coaches, soiled with brake block dust.
Cleaning of and stain removal from surfaces are carried out by preparing an aqueous solution of the dithionite com-position of the invention and treating the surfaces there-with. Any method, including immersion cleaning and spray-cleaning, can be applied. Preferably the pH of the solution should be maintained within the range of 6 to 8.
Hence, according to another aspect of the invention, a process for the exterior cleaning of coaches comprises subjecting the coaches to the action of an aqueous solution of a dithionite composition of the invention having a pH
o~ 5-9.
A most convenient way of cleaning the exterior of coaches is by spraying said solution on to the coaches and, after some residence time to allow the reaction to proceed, washing off the cleaning solution from the coaches with a spray of water.
A typical cleaning solubion for use in spray-cleaning will contain approximately 1-10% by weight of dithionite, -preferably ~-7%, and 0.1-10%, preferably 0.5-5% of sulphite.
Depending on the type of soiling, i.e. more or less fatty soiling, the use of a surface-active agent may be necessary. This surface-active agent, e.g. a nonionic surfactant, can be included as a component of the cleaning powder composition. It is, however, practicable to separate the surfactant from the main cleaning composition and mix -~' .., ' .:, ' C 536 (R) .
it there~ith on preparing the solution. Alternatively the washing process can be carried out in two stages, namely a first pre-wash spray with a surfactant solution, followed by a spray of the cleaning composition.
Examples I - II
.. ..
5% solutions of the following experimental formulations were prepared; pH and reducing capacity were measured at intervals, the latter using potassium permangate.
Nominal Formulations (parts by weight) -10 I II A ~ = D
Sodium dithionite47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 Sodium sulphite anh. 18.0 34.5 _ _ _ Sodium sulphate 16.5 _ 34.5 _ _ 2,5-dihydroxy~
p-benzoquinone1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Sodium nitrilo-triacetate10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 _ 10.0 pH
Initial 8.6 8.4 8.o 8.6 6.7 9 4 ... . .
After 2 hours 6.9 7.2 6.6 6.8 6.3 6.8 . _ After 48 hours 5.8 6.3 6.o 5.9 4.0 4.1 ... . ~
Reducing capacity % % % % % %
._ . __ _ After 30 minutes ~ 98 10084 83 78- 88 . . :, After 24 hours60 61 47 47 53 43 ..... .. _. _ ... . .... ~ .
After 48 hours47 52 35 37 37 32 ---- __ ! .. _.
~ Initial value of each solution taken as 100%.
. - - .
_ g _ .
C 536 (R) The above reducing capacity measurement results show that compositions I and II Or the invention were more stable than the compositions A-D used for comparison.
Example III
The following compositions were prepared. The percentages are by weight.
Components (%) E F G III
sodium dithionite 50 40.0 20.0 37~0 sodium sulphite 30 10.0 40.0 37.0 Ii citric acid - - 15.0 sodium gluconate 20 - - -EDTA - 15.0 5.0 -sodium sulphate - 35.0 20.0 17.0 chloranilic acid - - - 0.3 hydroxyethylcellulose thickening agent - - - 7.7 secondary C -alcohol condensed w~h 9 ethylene oxide groups - - - 1.0 The above compositions are easily dissolvable in cold water. 5% solutions of the above compositions were ~
rated stable for at least 24 hours -.
Examples IV-VI
.
The rate of iron removal from brake block dust of two dithionite solutions of the invention was determined. As oxalic acid is generally considered as being a very good ......
1~ agent for rust removal, a 5% oxalic acid solution was , used for comparison. -.,~ ;. ,' ~
.. : "
'. ' . :,:
,~ 1 0- . , . ' 1 '' ' '"
C 536 (~) .
' ~"~
~L~62g9~ 1-Test Method ¦
1. Place 2 g. of brake block dust in 400 ml. masXed *
tall form beaker.
(To prevent photo-chemical reduction of ferric oxalate to insoluble ferrous oxalate when oxalic acid is being used.) 2. Place beaker in water bath at 25 C.
3. Position stirrer blades 1 cm. above bottom of beaker.
, . . .
, . : .. ~ , . . .: : . . . , . ,. ~ ;, .. . . . .
C rj36 (R) 1~6~2999 Though the most commonly used dithionites for stain removal are the alkali metal and zinc salts, particularly sodium dithionite, it should be appreciated that the inven-tion is not limited thereto and any dithionite exerting a reducing ef~ect to provide stain-removing properties can be used in the present invention. A prererred dithionite is, however, sodium dithionite.
Examples of water-soluble sulphites which can be used in the present invention are the alkali metal sulphites, including ammonium sulphite. A preferred sulphite is sodium sulphite.
Activators for dithionites are known in the art and have been disclosed in British Patent 951,290. They comprise OH-, Cl-, Br- or NO2-substituted benzo- o~
naphthoquinonesO
Any of these known activators can be used as desired in the composition of the invention.
Another class of useful activators is formed by the group of SO3H- and OH-substituted anthraquinones, e.g. 1,4-dihydroxy anthraquinone and anthraquinone-2-sulphonic acid.
The composition of the invention may further comprise as optional ingredients a complexing agent and as desired other ingredients and fillers, such as surface-active agents, perfume and sodium sulphate. , i The metal-complexing agents which can be used in the present invention are known in the art. They are capable o~ ¦ ;
chelating or sequestering metal ions to varying degrees and include nitrilotriacetic acid and its alkali metal salts, ~4~
: '.
C 5~6 (R) ~
~1 j' lO~Z9~9 f ~ ~
such as sodium nitrilotriacetate (NTA); ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid and its alkali metal salts, such as tetrasodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (EDTA); I :
citric acid and gluconic acid and their alkali metal salts, such as sodium citrate andsodium gluconate.
The presence of an organic surface-active agent, e.g.
an anionic or a nonionic surfactant, is generally advanta-geous in cases where the metal dust and iron oxide soiling is combined with fatty or oily material. A preferred sur- ¦
face-active agent is a nonionic surfactant, e.g. a12-c18 ~-alcohol condensed with 5-10 eth~lene oxide groups.
A thickening agent is preferably added to achieve a somewhat thickened liquid, when preparing stock solutions of the composition. A desirable viscosity range of ;~ ~-dithionite solutions for cleaning purposes is from about 20 cps - 100 cps, preferably from about 30 cps to about ~ f :
80 cps. It has been found that within said viscosity f ::
range dithionite solutions are better manageable for use in spray-cleaning. Moreover, thickened dithionite -solutions show increased stability and cleaning performance. :~
Particularly when the solution is used for cleaning vertical - surfaces by spraying, the thickened liquid adheres to the surface and does not flow down easily from the surface by gravitational forces, so increasing the reaction time.
Though quite a number of thickening agents are known in the art, the number of useful thickening agents suitable for the present system is quite limited.
Suitable types of thickeners are polysaccharides and _5_ .: :.. . .
~ '` ~
C 536 (R) . .
hydroxymethyl- and hydroxyethylcellulose derivatives..:.
In preparing the composition of the invention any of the optional ingredients may be formulated together with the basic dithionite compositi.on, but, for the sake of convenience in handling and dosing, it may be advantageous to formulate them as a separate composition,which can be dosed at any desirable ratio with the basic dithionite composi.tion.
A preferable composition system is that which on admixing with water provides a solution having a pH within the range o~ 5 to 9, more particularly from 6 to 8. ~ .-The following dithionite powder cornpositions are -within the scope of the present invention: ~
;~
~ ~ .
' ,. '':
-6- ~
.
C 536 (R) :.
Composition A
sodium dithionite25 -~ 95% by weight sodium sulphite5 - 75% by weight Composition AB
sodium dithionite20 - 60% by weight sodium sulphite10 - 50% by weight complexing agent5 - 30% by weight --activator0.3 - 5% by weight thickening agent1 - 15% by weight ~iller, e.g. sodium sulphate 0 - 40% by weight ~ -surface-active agent0 10% by weight -Composition system (A + B~
(A) sodium dithionite 25 - 95% by weight sodium sulphite5 - 75% by weight 15 ' (B) complexing agent 30 - 70% by weight -activator5 - 20% by weight thickening agent 15 - 50% by weight sur~ace-active agent 0 - 15% by weight filler, e.g. sodium s~hate 0 - 40% by weight.
The above-described compositions of the invention are particularly active in removing metal dust soiling and rust stains, are substantially non-toxic, non-corrosive and easily dissolvable in cold water, giving stable solu-tions. ~ -Adjusted to a pH value of about 5-9 the solutions do not ~orm deposits in hard water, do not cause stress crazing of polishes and are non-corrosive to aluminium, - and hence are particularly suitable for use in the clean-, ~ 7 ~
,~.",., , i" " " ,~ , ". , ,",~, ", ", ,", ",","""", ; .... . - , , . . , , , ., .. . ,: , ,.
lO~Z999 C 536 (R~
ing of sinks and bathtubs and rust removal of metal surfaces as well as the exterior cleaning of coaches, particularly railway coaches, soiled with brake block dust.
Cleaning of and stain removal from surfaces are carried out by preparing an aqueous solution of the dithionite com-position of the invention and treating the surfaces there-with. Any method, including immersion cleaning and spray-cleaning, can be applied. Preferably the pH of the solution should be maintained within the range of 6 to 8.
Hence, according to another aspect of the invention, a process for the exterior cleaning of coaches comprises subjecting the coaches to the action of an aqueous solution of a dithionite composition of the invention having a pH
o~ 5-9.
A most convenient way of cleaning the exterior of coaches is by spraying said solution on to the coaches and, after some residence time to allow the reaction to proceed, washing off the cleaning solution from the coaches with a spray of water.
A typical cleaning solubion for use in spray-cleaning will contain approximately 1-10% by weight of dithionite, -preferably ~-7%, and 0.1-10%, preferably 0.5-5% of sulphite.
Depending on the type of soiling, i.e. more or less fatty soiling, the use of a surface-active agent may be necessary. This surface-active agent, e.g. a nonionic surfactant, can be included as a component of the cleaning powder composition. It is, however, practicable to separate the surfactant from the main cleaning composition and mix -~' .., ' .:, ' C 536 (R) .
it there~ith on preparing the solution. Alternatively the washing process can be carried out in two stages, namely a first pre-wash spray with a surfactant solution, followed by a spray of the cleaning composition.
Examples I - II
.. ..
5% solutions of the following experimental formulations were prepared; pH and reducing capacity were measured at intervals, the latter using potassium permangate.
Nominal Formulations (parts by weight) -10 I II A ~ = D
Sodium dithionite47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 Sodium sulphite anh. 18.0 34.5 _ _ _ Sodium sulphate 16.5 _ 34.5 _ _ 2,5-dihydroxy~
p-benzoquinone1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 Sodium nitrilo-triacetate10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 _ 10.0 pH
Initial 8.6 8.4 8.o 8.6 6.7 9 4 ... . .
After 2 hours 6.9 7.2 6.6 6.8 6.3 6.8 . _ After 48 hours 5.8 6.3 6.o 5.9 4.0 4.1 ... . ~
Reducing capacity % % % % % %
._ . __ _ After 30 minutes ~ 98 10084 83 78- 88 . . :, After 24 hours60 61 47 47 53 43 ..... .. _. _ ... . .... ~ .
After 48 hours47 52 35 37 37 32 ---- __ ! .. _.
~ Initial value of each solution taken as 100%.
. - - .
_ g _ .
C 536 (R) The above reducing capacity measurement results show that compositions I and II Or the invention were more stable than the compositions A-D used for comparison.
Example III
The following compositions were prepared. The percentages are by weight.
Components (%) E F G III
sodium dithionite 50 40.0 20.0 37~0 sodium sulphite 30 10.0 40.0 37.0 Ii citric acid - - 15.0 sodium gluconate 20 - - -EDTA - 15.0 5.0 -sodium sulphate - 35.0 20.0 17.0 chloranilic acid - - - 0.3 hydroxyethylcellulose thickening agent - - - 7.7 secondary C -alcohol condensed w~h 9 ethylene oxide groups - - - 1.0 The above compositions are easily dissolvable in cold water. 5% solutions of the above compositions were ~
rated stable for at least 24 hours -.
Examples IV-VI
.
The rate of iron removal from brake block dust of two dithionite solutions of the invention was determined. As oxalic acid is generally considered as being a very good ......
1~ agent for rust removal, a 5% oxalic acid solution was , used for comparison. -.,~ ;. ,' ~
.. : "
'. ' . :,:
,~ 1 0- . , . ' 1 '' ' '"
C 536 (~) .
' ~"~
~L~62g9~ 1-Test Method ¦
1. Place 2 g. of brake block dust in 400 ml. masXed *
tall form beaker.
(To prevent photo-chemical reduction of ferric oxalate to insoluble ferrous oxalate when oxalic acid is being used.) 2. Place beaker in water bath at 25 C.
3. Position stirrer blades 1 cm. above bottom of beaker.
4. Switch on stirrer to 375 r.p.m. (No. 8 on control box).
5. Pour 300 ml. of test solution ~previously adjusted to 25C) into the beaker, at the same time start the stop watch.
6. At intervals of 2, 5 and 10 minutes, using an inverted I0 ml. pipette fitted with a suction bulb, quickly remove ~ 12 ml. of solution and filter quickly through a Buchner funnel fitted with Whatman No. 541 paper.
7. Swirl contents of Buchner flask and transfer 10 ml~
aliquot to a 250 ml. conical flask.
aliquot to a 250 ml. conical flask.
8. Determine the iron content by standard method.
Solution (% by weight) IV V VI
sodium dithionite 5.00 3.00 5.2 sodium sulphite 1.25 1.25 2.3 2.5 dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone 0.10 0.10 anthraquinone-2-sulphonic acid - - 0.1 trisodium NTA 0.50 0.50 0.5 sodium sulphate 0.65 : . .
. .,' ' ', .
:.'~ -11- ~ ' . . C 536 (l~) )6;~999 Solution (% ~-y weight) IV V VI
hydroxyethylcellulose thickening agent (Natrosol 250 HR*) 0.35 - 0.3 1, C12-C15 alcohol/7 ethylene oxide - ~ 0.1 water up to 100 uptolO0-pH initial 6.85 7.1 7.5 % iron removed ';
_ Time 2 min.5 min. 10 min~ ;
Solution VII 60 85 100 .
.
Solution VIII 38 55 66 .
Solution IX 27` 48 64 . ~ .
5% oxalic acid 74 ¦ 90 ~ ;
1~....................... .......... .......... ...... ......... ... ................................. ...; .
* Natrosol is a registered Trade Mark of Hercules Powder Co. ~. :
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Solution (% by weight) IV V VI
sodium dithionite 5.00 3.00 5.2 sodium sulphite 1.25 1.25 2.3 2.5 dihydroxy-p-benzoquinone 0.10 0.10 anthraquinone-2-sulphonic acid - - 0.1 trisodium NTA 0.50 0.50 0.5 sodium sulphate 0.65 : . .
. .,' ' ', .
:.'~ -11- ~ ' . . C 536 (l~) )6;~999 Solution (% ~-y weight) IV V VI
hydroxyethylcellulose thickening agent (Natrosol 250 HR*) 0.35 - 0.3 1, C12-C15 alcohol/7 ethylene oxide - ~ 0.1 water up to 100 uptolO0-pH initial 6.85 7.1 7.5 % iron removed ';
_ Time 2 min.5 min. 10 min~ ;
Solution VII 60 85 100 .
.
Solution VIII 38 55 66 .
Solution IX 27` 48 64 . ~ .
5% oxalic acid 74 ¦ 90 ~ ;
1~....................... .......... .......... ...... ......... ... ................................. ...; .
* Natrosol is a registered Trade Mark of Hercules Powder Co. ~. :
j,'-~
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,,',..'''.' ,-....
' ', '' ~"
.: , . ..: .
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Claims (8)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A dithionite composition comprising a dithionite, an activator for the dithionite, selected from the group consisting Or OH-, Cl-, Br- or NO2-substituted benzo- or naphthoquinones and SO3H- or OH-substituted anthraquinone, and at least 5% by weight of a water-soluble sulphite.
2. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 1, in which the dithionite is sodium dithionite and the water-soluble sulphite is sodium sulphite.
3. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 1, in which the water-soluble sulphite is present in an amount of 10% to 75% by weight.
4. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 1, which contains a thickening agent.
5. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 4, which on admixing with water forms a solution having a pH within the range of 5 to 9 and a viscosity within the range of 20 cps to 100 cps.
6. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 5, the solution of which has a pH within the range of 6 to 8 and a viscosity Or 30 cps to 80 cps.
7. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 4, wherein the thickening agent is a hydroxymethyl(ethyl)-cellulose derivative or a polysaccharide.
8. A dithionite composition as claimed in claim 4, comprising:
(a) 20-60% by weight of sodium dithionite, (b) 10-50% by weight of sodium sulphite, (c) 0,3-5% by weight of activator, (d) 1-15% by weight of a thickening agent, (e) 5-30% by weight of a complexing agent and (f) optionally 0-10% by weight of a surface-active agent, and 0-40% by weight of sodium sulphate.
(a) 20-60% by weight of sodium dithionite, (b) 10-50% by weight of sodium sulphite, (c) 0,3-5% by weight of activator, (d) 1-15% by weight of a thickening agent, (e) 5-30% by weight of a complexing agent and (f) optionally 0-10% by weight of a surface-active agent, and 0-40% by weight of sodium sulphate.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB38550/75A GB1496805A (en) | 1975-09-19 | 1975-09-19 | Dithionite composition |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1062999A true CA1062999A (en) | 1979-09-25 |
Family
ID=10404201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA261,071A Expired CA1062999A (en) | 1975-09-19 | 1976-09-13 | Cleaning of hard surfaces |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4082683A (en) |
| AT (1) | AT346665B (en) |
| BE (1) | BE846359A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1062999A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH624077A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2641335A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2324731A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1496805A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7610230A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE413782B (en) |
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-
1975
- 1975-09-19 GB GB38550/75A patent/GB1496805A/en not_active Expired
-
1976
- 1976-09-10 US US05/722,254 patent/US4082683A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1976-09-13 CA CA261,071A patent/CA1062999A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-09-14 DE DE19762641335 patent/DE2641335A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1976-09-15 NL NL7610230A patent/NL7610230A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-09-16 CH CH1175476A patent/CH624077A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-09-16 SE SE7610293A patent/SE413782B/en unknown
- 1976-09-17 FR FR7628056A patent/FR2324731A1/en active Granted
- 1976-09-17 AT AT691276A patent/AT346665B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1976-09-17 BE BE170755A patent/BE846359A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA691276A (en) | 1978-03-15 |
| NL7610230A (en) | 1977-03-22 |
| SE7610293L (en) | 1977-03-20 |
| FR2324731A1 (en) | 1977-04-15 |
| AT346665B (en) | 1978-11-27 |
| SE413782B (en) | 1980-06-23 |
| US4082683A (en) | 1978-04-04 |
| CH624077A5 (en) | 1981-07-15 |
| GB1496805A (en) | 1978-01-05 |
| FR2324731B1 (en) | 1982-06-04 |
| BE846359A (en) | 1977-03-17 |
| DE2641335A1 (en) | 1977-03-24 |
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