CA1073151A - Prosthetic joint for total knee replacement - Google Patents
Prosthetic joint for total knee replacementInfo
- Publication number
- CA1073151A CA1073151A CA269,405A CA269405A CA1073151A CA 1073151 A CA1073151 A CA 1073151A CA 269405 A CA269405 A CA 269405A CA 1073151 A CA1073151 A CA 1073151A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- prosthetic
- plateau
- joint prosthesis
- boss
- prosthetic member
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
PROSTHETIC JOINT FOR TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT
Abstract of the Disclosure The embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is directed to a joint prosthesis for total knee replace-ment. The joint prosthesis includes a first prosthetic member including a stem member adapted for insertion into a first skele-ton element. A second prosthetic member includes a stem for insertion into a second skeleton element which is disposed ad-jacent to first skeleton element. The joint prosthesis is provided with a removable plateau member which forms a slide or rubbing surface for the prosthetic members. The removable plateau can be replaced when worn. Retaining screws are pro-vided on opposite sides of the first prosthetic member to retain the ball within the socket therein.
Abstract of the Disclosure The embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is directed to a joint prosthesis for total knee replace-ment. The joint prosthesis includes a first prosthetic member including a stem member adapted for insertion into a first skele-ton element. A second prosthetic member includes a stem for insertion into a second skeleton element which is disposed ad-jacent to first skeleton element. The joint prosthesis is provided with a removable plateau member which forms a slide or rubbing surface for the prosthetic members. The removable plateau can be replaced when worn. Retaining screws are pro-vided on opposite sides of the first prosthetic member to retain the ball within the socket therein.
Description
~073~
This in~ention rela~es to a pros~heti~ joint, and more particularly to a prosth~tic joint for total knee replace- -mentO The prosthe~ic joint is adapted to be implanted in the body of a sub;ect human or animal.
Heretofore, prosthetic joi~ts have been used to "
replace defec~ive natural joints in humans and animals when such ~' joints have become diseased,or injured through accident.
However, prior art prosthet~G members ha~e no~ been-whollY sa~ ' 10 i8factory for knee implantation because they do not provide - ~;
for the complexity involved when flexing the tibia relative to the femur. Furthermore, the prior art prosthetic joints do not provide for replacement of wear surfaces without com-pletely removing the implanted unit. Some prior art pros~
thetic joints tend to become inoperative because of wear.
This may reduce,their abllity to perform the complicated move ments inherent in nat~ral ~nee joints, While suitable prosthetic members h~ve been devised utilizing simple ball joi~t construction, it has been found that a surface-to-surface 20 conta t o~ the external parts of the joint provide better move-ment. This surface-to-surface external contact of the spaced-apart prosthetic members cause wear of the surfaces and in time replacement is required.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a new and improved jbint prosthesi~ for total knee replacement which enables replacement of worn par~s without necessitating the complete removal of the implanted units.
,........................................ .
73~5~ ~ -Thus the present invention provides a joint prosthesis comprising a first prosthetic member for fixation to a first skeleton element and including a convexly shaped articulation surace or location at the distal end of said first skeleton element, a second prosthetic member or fixation to a second skeleton eIement adjacent said first skeleton element, link means interconnecting first and second prosthetic members for pivotal movement relative to one another, a removable plateau secured to said second prosthetic member and providing an engagement surface for said first prosthetic member, said link ~`~
means pivotally connecting-said first and second prosthetic members to provide a sliding engagement between said convexly shaped articulation surface and said engagement surface of said plateau, and removable fastener means extending through said plateau and engaging with the said second prosthetic member, whereby said plateau can be selectively removed and replaced when worn.
In one aspect of the invention a preferred embodiment is provided wherein said second prosthetic member has a boss extending upwardly therefrom, and a recess formed in said plateau to receive said boss and prevent rotational movement of said plateau relative to said second prosthetic member.
Preferably, said plateau includes a front wall portion immediately in front of said boss to define an end wall surface of said recess, aligned apertures extending through said front wall portion and said boss, and fastener means extending through said aligned aperture to retain said plateau to said second prosthetic member. Also preferably the joint prosthesis is ;~
provided wherein said fastener means is a threaded shaft having one end thereof split, a chamfer ormed at one end o~ said boss to receive the split end of threaded shaft, by the split end can be spread to retain the threaded shaft in position.
~ 3~S~
Briefly, the femoral member of the joint pros-thesis includes two locking pins designed to prevent the ball and socke~ components from subluxating after insertion.
The tibial member is provided with a boss to receive a recess in a plateau which forms a bearing surface between the femoral and tibial members. The plateau structure allows a surgeon to replace.it in the event of signiflcant wearing bf th~ bearing material~ Also the ball and socket unit can be replaced by the construction o~ the present invention.
Instead of being pressed over a narrow pin, which makes replacement very difficult, the plateau slides oveL a metal boss formed on the upper surface of the tibial member and ls held in place by a ball stud anchor screw. The ball stud is inserted into a blind hole and held in place by the ball stud anchor screw which extends ~ra~sversely therethrough. There~ore, threading o~ the ball stud into the tibial member is unnecessary and ~hereby fac~litates removal o the components.
In order to avoid the possibility of the anchor screw moving or backing out of the boss member, druc~ate slots have been cut into the posterior aspect of the anchor screw to provide diametrically opposed locking tab members at the end thereof. The locking tab members are flared out to conform to the shape of a chamfer on the po3terior aspect of the metal boss of the tibial component. If re-placemen~ of the ball and/or plateau is necessary, the : `` 3L073~
anchor screw can be easily removed with a socket head hexagon wrench. During removal of the ball and/or plateau, the femoral and tibial components inserted into the corres-ponding bone members remain intact.
. Many of the obvious features and advantages of this invention will be more fully realized and under-stood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals throughout the various views of the drawings are intended to designate similar elements and components.
Brief Descriution of the Drawings .
Fig. 1 is an assembled view of a joint prosthesis constructed in accordance with the principles of this in-vention;
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the joint prosthesis of Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is an exploded view illustrating the re-moval of components in accordance with the principles of this invention.
Detailed Description of the Illustrated Embodiment Referring now to the drawings there is seen a joint prosthesis which is constructed in accordance with the principles oE this invention and designated generally by reference numbex 10. The joint prosthesis 10 is shown in relation to its connection to the end portions 11 and 12 of the associated distal femur and proximal tibia, respectivel~.
~ ~ 7 3~ S~
The prosthesis joint number 10 is formed of a first pros-thetic member 13 inserted into the femur and a second pros-thetic member 1~ inserted into the tibia. The distal end of the femur, and proximal enfl Qf the tibia are prepared by cu~t~n~ and/or reaming the end portions so that the prosthetic members 13 and 14 can have thelr associated stem elements 13a and 14a inserted in such a manner as to function similar to the pivotal sliding action of the medial condyle and lateral condyle of the actual bone elements being replaced. The prosthetic member 13 is joined with the prosthesis member 14 by means of a ball and socket configuration indicated generally by reference numeral 16 and an anchor pin 17.
The anchor pin 17 is nonthreaded and is slidably fitted into an aperture 18 formed in the tibial member.
Most advantageously, a plateau member 20 is re-movably secured to the tibia member 14 so that it can be replaced if necessary without removing the ~emur stem 13a or tibia stem 14a from the bone structures. The plateau member 20 has a recess 21 formed therein to be positioned over a boss member 22 formed on the tibia member. The pLateau has a front wall portion 23 which has an aperture 24 extending therethrough and which is placed în position with an aper-ture 26 formed in the boss 22. The anchor pin 17 has an aperture 27 which is placed in alignmen~ with apertures 24 and 26 and an anchor screw 2~ passes through the aligned apertures. The anchor screw 28 preferably has a socket head hexagon wrench fitting 28b formed at one end theleof ` ~73~51 to facilitate removal of the anchor screw when the plateau is to be changed. Also when the anchor screw is removed the anchor pin 17 can be removed to facilitate replacement of the ball member 16b positioned within the socket 16a - of the ball and socket unit 16.
To maintain the ball 16b within the socket 16a in its proper position locking pins 30 and 31 are provided through angularly disposed boss members 32 and 33, respectively.
The locking pins may be threaded and also provided with the socket head recessed screws to facilitate removal if neces-sary. The tibia member has upwardly directed flanges 36 and 37 formed on the side portions thereof so that flat side margins of the plateau are held firmly in place.
To insure that the stem member 13a is held securely within femur 11 longitudinal slots 40 and 41 are provided thereby providing biting edge sections to prevent rotational movement relative to the femur. Similarly, slots 42 and 43 are provided in the stem of 14a to grip the tibia and prevent rotational movement therebetween.
The joint prosthesis disclosed herein therefore provides a simple and efficient means for replacing parts which may wear as a result of normal use without requiring complete removal of the structure from the femur and tibia.
By loosening and removing the threaded pin 28 the plateau 20 can be removed. Similarly the ball 16b can be replaced if desired.
73~5~
To insure that the thxeaded pin 28 does not in-advertently loosen from its position it is provided with a cruciate slot which is flared at 28a to conform to a chamfer within the aperture 2~ of the boss 22.
What has been described is a simple and efficient joint prosthesis structure for implanta~ion in the human skeleton, and which joint p~osthesis is readily disassem~led after implantation to facilitate replacement of worn parts, if necessary. While a single specific embodiment of the pre-sent in~ention has been disclosed herein it will be under-stood that the var~ations and modifications may be effected without departing from the sp~rit and scope of the novel concepts of thls invention.
This in~ention rela~es to a pros~heti~ joint, and more particularly to a prosth~tic joint for total knee replace- -mentO The prosthe~ic joint is adapted to be implanted in the body of a sub;ect human or animal.
Heretofore, prosthetic joi~ts have been used to "
replace defec~ive natural joints in humans and animals when such ~' joints have become diseased,or injured through accident.
However, prior art prosthet~G members ha~e no~ been-whollY sa~ ' 10 i8factory for knee implantation because they do not provide - ~;
for the complexity involved when flexing the tibia relative to the femur. Furthermore, the prior art prosthetic joints do not provide for replacement of wear surfaces without com-pletely removing the implanted unit. Some prior art pros~
thetic joints tend to become inoperative because of wear.
This may reduce,their abllity to perform the complicated move ments inherent in nat~ral ~nee joints, While suitable prosthetic members h~ve been devised utilizing simple ball joi~t construction, it has been found that a surface-to-surface 20 conta t o~ the external parts of the joint provide better move-ment. This surface-to-surface external contact of the spaced-apart prosthetic members cause wear of the surfaces and in time replacement is required.
Accordingly, it is an object of this invention to provide a new and improved jbint prosthesi~ for total knee replacement which enables replacement of worn par~s without necessitating the complete removal of the implanted units.
,........................................ .
73~5~ ~ -Thus the present invention provides a joint prosthesis comprising a first prosthetic member for fixation to a first skeleton element and including a convexly shaped articulation surace or location at the distal end of said first skeleton element, a second prosthetic member or fixation to a second skeleton eIement adjacent said first skeleton element, link means interconnecting first and second prosthetic members for pivotal movement relative to one another, a removable plateau secured to said second prosthetic member and providing an engagement surface for said first prosthetic member, said link ~`~
means pivotally connecting-said first and second prosthetic members to provide a sliding engagement between said convexly shaped articulation surface and said engagement surface of said plateau, and removable fastener means extending through said plateau and engaging with the said second prosthetic member, whereby said plateau can be selectively removed and replaced when worn.
In one aspect of the invention a preferred embodiment is provided wherein said second prosthetic member has a boss extending upwardly therefrom, and a recess formed in said plateau to receive said boss and prevent rotational movement of said plateau relative to said second prosthetic member.
Preferably, said plateau includes a front wall portion immediately in front of said boss to define an end wall surface of said recess, aligned apertures extending through said front wall portion and said boss, and fastener means extending through said aligned aperture to retain said plateau to said second prosthetic member. Also preferably the joint prosthesis is ;~
provided wherein said fastener means is a threaded shaft having one end thereof split, a chamfer ormed at one end o~ said boss to receive the split end of threaded shaft, by the split end can be spread to retain the threaded shaft in position.
~ 3~S~
Briefly, the femoral member of the joint pros-thesis includes two locking pins designed to prevent the ball and socke~ components from subluxating after insertion.
The tibial member is provided with a boss to receive a recess in a plateau which forms a bearing surface between the femoral and tibial members. The plateau structure allows a surgeon to replace.it in the event of signiflcant wearing bf th~ bearing material~ Also the ball and socket unit can be replaced by the construction o~ the present invention.
Instead of being pressed over a narrow pin, which makes replacement very difficult, the plateau slides oveL a metal boss formed on the upper surface of the tibial member and ls held in place by a ball stud anchor screw. The ball stud is inserted into a blind hole and held in place by the ball stud anchor screw which extends ~ra~sversely therethrough. There~ore, threading o~ the ball stud into the tibial member is unnecessary and ~hereby fac~litates removal o the components.
In order to avoid the possibility of the anchor screw moving or backing out of the boss member, druc~ate slots have been cut into the posterior aspect of the anchor screw to provide diametrically opposed locking tab members at the end thereof. The locking tab members are flared out to conform to the shape of a chamfer on the po3terior aspect of the metal boss of the tibial component. If re-placemen~ of the ball and/or plateau is necessary, the : `` 3L073~
anchor screw can be easily removed with a socket head hexagon wrench. During removal of the ball and/or plateau, the femoral and tibial components inserted into the corres-ponding bone members remain intact.
. Many of the obvious features and advantages of this invention will be more fully realized and under-stood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numerals throughout the various views of the drawings are intended to designate similar elements and components.
Brief Descriution of the Drawings .
Fig. 1 is an assembled view of a joint prosthesis constructed in accordance with the principles of this in-vention;
Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the joint prosthesis of Fig. l; and Fig. 3 is an exploded view illustrating the re-moval of components in accordance with the principles of this invention.
Detailed Description of the Illustrated Embodiment Referring now to the drawings there is seen a joint prosthesis which is constructed in accordance with the principles oE this invention and designated generally by reference numbex 10. The joint prosthesis 10 is shown in relation to its connection to the end portions 11 and 12 of the associated distal femur and proximal tibia, respectivel~.
~ ~ 7 3~ S~
The prosthesis joint number 10 is formed of a first pros-thetic member 13 inserted into the femur and a second pros-thetic member 1~ inserted into the tibia. The distal end of the femur, and proximal enfl Qf the tibia are prepared by cu~t~n~ and/or reaming the end portions so that the prosthetic members 13 and 14 can have thelr associated stem elements 13a and 14a inserted in such a manner as to function similar to the pivotal sliding action of the medial condyle and lateral condyle of the actual bone elements being replaced. The prosthetic member 13 is joined with the prosthesis member 14 by means of a ball and socket configuration indicated generally by reference numeral 16 and an anchor pin 17.
The anchor pin 17 is nonthreaded and is slidably fitted into an aperture 18 formed in the tibial member.
Most advantageously, a plateau member 20 is re-movably secured to the tibia member 14 so that it can be replaced if necessary without removing the ~emur stem 13a or tibia stem 14a from the bone structures. The plateau member 20 has a recess 21 formed therein to be positioned over a boss member 22 formed on the tibia member. The pLateau has a front wall portion 23 which has an aperture 24 extending therethrough and which is placed în position with an aper-ture 26 formed in the boss 22. The anchor pin 17 has an aperture 27 which is placed in alignmen~ with apertures 24 and 26 and an anchor screw 2~ passes through the aligned apertures. The anchor screw 28 preferably has a socket head hexagon wrench fitting 28b formed at one end theleof ` ~73~51 to facilitate removal of the anchor screw when the plateau is to be changed. Also when the anchor screw is removed the anchor pin 17 can be removed to facilitate replacement of the ball member 16b positioned within the socket 16a - of the ball and socket unit 16.
To maintain the ball 16b within the socket 16a in its proper position locking pins 30 and 31 are provided through angularly disposed boss members 32 and 33, respectively.
The locking pins may be threaded and also provided with the socket head recessed screws to facilitate removal if neces-sary. The tibia member has upwardly directed flanges 36 and 37 formed on the side portions thereof so that flat side margins of the plateau are held firmly in place.
To insure that the stem member 13a is held securely within femur 11 longitudinal slots 40 and 41 are provided thereby providing biting edge sections to prevent rotational movement relative to the femur. Similarly, slots 42 and 43 are provided in the stem of 14a to grip the tibia and prevent rotational movement therebetween.
The joint prosthesis disclosed herein therefore provides a simple and efficient means for replacing parts which may wear as a result of normal use without requiring complete removal of the structure from the femur and tibia.
By loosening and removing the threaded pin 28 the plateau 20 can be removed. Similarly the ball 16b can be replaced if desired.
73~5~
To insure that the thxeaded pin 28 does not in-advertently loosen from its position it is provided with a cruciate slot which is flared at 28a to conform to a chamfer within the aperture 2~ of the boss 22.
What has been described is a simple and efficient joint prosthesis structure for implanta~ion in the human skeleton, and which joint p~osthesis is readily disassem~led after implantation to facilitate replacement of worn parts, if necessary. While a single specific embodiment of the pre-sent in~ention has been disclosed herein it will be under-stood that the var~ations and modifications may be effected without departing from the sp~rit and scope of the novel concepts of thls invention.
Claims (6)
1. A joint prosthesis comprising a first pros-thetic member for fixation to a first skeleton element and including a convexly shaped articulation surface for location at the distal end of said first skeleton ele-ment, a second prosthetic member for fixation to a second skeleton element adjacent said first skeleton element, link means interconnecting first and second prosthetic members for pivotal movement relative to one another,.
a removable plateau secured to said second prosthetic mem-ber and providing an engagement surface for said first prosthetic member, said link means pivotally connecting said first and second prosthetic members to provide a sliding engagement between said convexly shaped articulation surface and said engagement surface of said plateau, and removable fastener means extending through said plateau and engaging with the said second prosthetic member 9 whereby said plateau can be selectively removed and replaced when worn.
a removable plateau secured to said second prosthetic mem-ber and providing an engagement surface for said first prosthetic member, said link means pivotally connecting said first and second prosthetic members to provide a sliding engagement between said convexly shaped articulation surface and said engagement surface of said plateau, and removable fastener means extending through said plateau and engaging with the said second prosthetic member 9 whereby said plateau can be selectively removed and replaced when worn.
2. The joint prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein said second prosthetic member has a boss extending upwardly therefrom, a recess formed in said plateau to receive said boss and prevent rotational movement of said plateau relative to said second prosthetic member.
3. The joint prosthesis according to claim 2 wherein said plateau includes a front wall portion immediately in front of said boss to define an end wall surface of said recess, aligned apertures extending through said front wall portion and said boss, and fastener means ex-tending through said aligned aperture to retain said plateau to said second prosthetic member.
4. The joint prosthesis according to claim 3 wherein said fastener means is a threaded shaft having one end thereof split, a chamfer formed at one end of said boss to receive the split end of threaded shaft, by the split end can be spread to retain the threaded shaft in position.
5. The joint prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein said link means includes a ball engaging a socket formed in the said first prosthetic member and a ball pin extending therefrom into said second prosthetic member and lock screws positioned on opposite sides of said second prosthetic member to retain said ball in said ball socket by restricting the access aperture of said socket.
6. The joint prosthesis according to claim 1 wherein said first and second prosthetic members include elongated stem members to be inserted into skeleton elements, said elongated members having slots formed therein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,405A CA1073151A (en) | 1977-01-10 | 1977-01-10 | Prosthetic joint for total knee replacement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,405A CA1073151A (en) | 1977-01-10 | 1977-01-10 | Prosthetic joint for total knee replacement |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1073151A true CA1073151A (en) | 1980-03-11 |
Family
ID=4107695
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,405A Expired CA1073151A (en) | 1977-01-10 | 1977-01-10 | Prosthetic joint for total knee replacement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1073151A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6485519B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-11-26 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
| US6719800B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2004-04-13 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
| US6773461B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2004-08-10 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
-
1977
- 1977-01-10 CA CA269,405A patent/CA1073151A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6485519B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-11-26 | Bristol-Myers Squibb Company | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
| US6719800B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2004-04-13 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
| US6773461B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2004-08-10 | Zimmer Technology, Inc. | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
| US8268006B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2012-09-18 | Zimmer, Inc. | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
| USRE44476E1 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2013-09-03 | Zimmer, Inc. | Constrained prosthetic knee with rotating bearing |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |