CA1076404A - Panoramic camera scanning system - Google Patents
Panoramic camera scanning systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1076404A CA1076404A CA285,846A CA285846A CA1076404A CA 1076404 A CA1076404 A CA 1076404A CA 285846 A CA285846 A CA 285846A CA 1076404 A CA1076404 A CA 1076404A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- camera
- planar member
- planar
- mirror
- mounting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
- G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
- G03B37/02—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe with scanning movement of lens or cameras
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/50—Constructional details
- H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
- H04N23/58—Means for changing the camera field of view without moving the camera body, e.g. nutating or panning of optics or image sensors
Abstract
Patent Specification of William V. smith Entitled "PANORAMIC CAMERA SCANNING SYSTEM"
Abstract of the Disclosure Panoramic camera scanning system including a rotating mirror system which enables scanning through a full 360°
revolution. The mirror system includes a planar mirror member having reflective coatings on both of its surfaces, This planar member is mounted so as to extend along an axis in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of a camera utilized within the scanning system. By rotating the planar member, a full 360° scanning view can be provided to the camera without requiring any movement of the camera.
Abstract of the Disclosure Panoramic camera scanning system including a rotating mirror system which enables scanning through a full 360°
revolution. The mirror system includes a planar mirror member having reflective coatings on both of its surfaces, This planar member is mounted so as to extend along an axis in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of a camera utilized within the scanning system. By rotating the planar member, a full 360° scanning view can be provided to the camera without requiring any movement of the camera.
Description
~7'6'~Q4 ;
.~
.: -~- Backqround o the Invention ;~
:., The present invention is concerned with providing a pano-.
~ ramic scanning system which is capable of scanning -through a ... . ..
full 360 revolution, A primary utilization of such a scanning system is with a closed circuit television camera such as utilized for sur-veilance purposes within stores and banks toaay, The purpose of such a system is to enable a wider area to be viewed than : : .
:, ' `' ,. ... .
-- 1 -- , . ' ( ( 1~7~40~
yenerally possible with conventional systems generally utilized.
In most conventional systems, in order to provide a scanning ef~ect the entire camera must be rotated through the desired scanning angl~. Typically the camera is placed against the wall with the camera rotating back and orth along the same path so that the scanning angle is less than 360.
Several systems have been developed for enabling a pano-ramic view over a ull 360 revolution to be obtained. In developing these systems, there has been concern for avoidiny the necessity o~ having to rotate the entire camera hou ing Such systems are illustrated in the following U. S. Patents: -No. 2,905,758 issued to J. P. Walker; ~o. 3,610,825 issued to -B. Go Fritzel; No. 3,634,622 issued to B. A. Wheele~, and, ~o.
-~ 3,761,623 issued to A. Hara et al.
In the systems disclosed by all of these patents, a mirror member having a single reflective surface is arranged at a~
angle with respect to the optical axis of the camera. While the re1ective surface o~ the m~rror continuously faces the optical axis, the mirror is rotated through a full 360 revolu~
tion. In this manner, a panoramic scanning view can be obtained.
: :~
In order to maintain the image being vie~ed by the camera in the same orientation throughout the entire rotation o the mirror assembly, however, the camera head itself is simultaneously rotated in s~nchronism with the mirror. In order to rotate the camera itsel along with the mirror, the drive motor must provide a relatively large torque due to the weigh-~ of the
.~
.: -~- Backqround o the Invention ;~
:., The present invention is concerned with providing a pano-.
~ ramic scanning system which is capable of scanning -through a ... . ..
full 360 revolution, A primary utilization of such a scanning system is with a closed circuit television camera such as utilized for sur-veilance purposes within stores and banks toaay, The purpose of such a system is to enable a wider area to be viewed than : : .
:, ' `' ,. ... .
-- 1 -- , . ' ( ( 1~7~40~
yenerally possible with conventional systems generally utilized.
In most conventional systems, in order to provide a scanning ef~ect the entire camera must be rotated through the desired scanning angl~. Typically the camera is placed against the wall with the camera rotating back and orth along the same path so that the scanning angle is less than 360.
Several systems have been developed for enabling a pano-ramic view over a ull 360 revolution to be obtained. In developing these systems, there has been concern for avoidiny the necessity o~ having to rotate the entire camera hou ing Such systems are illustrated in the following U. S. Patents: -No. 2,905,758 issued to J. P. Walker; ~o. 3,610,825 issued to -B. Go Fritzel; No. 3,634,622 issued to B. A. Wheele~, and, ~o.
-~ 3,761,623 issued to A. Hara et al.
In the systems disclosed by all of these patents, a mirror member having a single reflective surface is arranged at a~
angle with respect to the optical axis of the camera. While the re1ective surface o~ the m~rror continuously faces the optical axis, the mirror is rotated through a full 360 revolu~
tion. In this manner, a panoramic scanning view can be obtained.
: :~
In order to maintain the image being vie~ed by the camera in the same orientation throughout the entire rotation o the mirror assembly, however, the camera head itself is simultaneously rotated in s~nchronism with the mirror. In order to rotate the camera itsel along with the mirror, the drive motor must provide a relatively large torque due to the weigh-~ of the
-2-( ~
1~)76~0~
camera Furthermore, it is generally considered to be desir-able to try to maintain the camera in a stationary position if at all feasible.
u~lary o~ the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a mirror system for utilization within a panoramic scanning system which is capable of providing a scanning view through a full 360 revolution without requiring any movement of the camera itself.
Another object of the present inven~ion is t~ provide a panoramic camera scanning system in which the ca~era can be held in a stationary orientation while still being capable o~
scanning through a full 360 revolution.
A urther object of the present invention is to provide - a panaramic scanning system in which the images obtained remain . ~ , ~- 15 in the same orientation with respect to the vertical axis . .
throughout the entire operation.
In order to accomplish these objectives, the panoramic camera scanning system utilizes a mirror system which includes a planar mirror member having re1ective coatings on both of its planar surfaces. A mounting bracket is pro~ided ~or rotat-ably mounting the planar member such that its plane lies along an axis extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis o the camera of the panoramic scanning system. During operation, the planar member is then rotated about the mounting axis. In utilizing this system, the lens 7t;40'~
o~ the camera is focused on the planar member so that as the member is rotated a panoramic scanning view is transmitted to the camera.
In utilizing the mirror system within the panoramic camera scanning system, the planar member is spaced only a short distance rom the lens of the camera It is preferable that the lens of the camera be a wide-angled lens. With a wide-angled lens, a wider field of view can be obtained at all times from the reflection off the mirror. This is especially true when the plane of the mirror is perpendicular to the optical axis of the camexa, i~e., one o the planar surfaces directly faces the camera lens. Furthermore, with a wide-angled le~s, - when the planq of the planar member is aligned with the optical axi5 of the camera it will not present any impediment to the optical view of the camera.
~he camera i~ this system is adjustably mounted on a mounting bracket, which is attached to the mounting bracket for the mirror system. ~n this manner, the camera can be adjusted .
so as to be moved along its optical axis relative to the planar mirror member thereby allowing for adjusting the view ~o be obtained from the reflective surfaces of the planar member.
Brief Description of the Drawinqs '' Figures 1 through 3 schematically illustrate the operation of the system of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a side-elevational view of the panoramic .
.
,~ . ' . , ' ' 1~)7~i9L1~4 camera scanning s~stem of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a top-plan view taken along lines 5-5 of the system illustrated in Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a sectional view take~ along lines 6-6 of Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the operation of a modified embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 isan illustration of the image received by the cam~ra in accordance with the operàtion shown in ~igure 7.
. ' . ' . . .
. De.scriPtion o the Preferred Embodiment The operation of the system of the present inven~ion can : be understood through tha schematic illustrations shown in Figures 1 through 3. The panQramic camera scanning system in-cludes a camera schematically representea by lens 1 and a .;~ 15 planar mirror having reflective sur~aces 3 and 4. Planar mirror 2 extends along and is rotatable about an axis which is : perpendicular to the optical axis of lens 1~ . --~ . When ~he mirror i5 in the position shown in Figure 1, an image of an object at the position designated A is reflected by surface 3 and then viewed by the camera through lens 1~
When the mirror has been rotated to the position shown in Figure .::. . 2, mirror member 2 does not impede the view of lens 1 which is then able to see an object at the positi.on designated B.
In this situation, the impediment caused to the view of the camera by mirror member 2 is minimized by utilizing a wide-angled lens w.ith the camera. ~ext, when the mirror member has been :, .
.
~C~76~
further -2sotated to the position shown in Figure 3, an image of an object at the location designated C is reflected by sur~ace 4 and then viewed by the camera through lens 1.
Finally, when mirror member 2 is still further rotated so as to .5 face lens 1, the camera would then view any object positioned behind it. Since planar mirror 2 continues to rotate in the same direction, the cycle.is continuously repeated.. Thus for each single xevolution of the mirrox, two complete panoramic ~ ;
scans are providedO
An embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in ~ -~
Figure 4. As shown, planar mirror member 2 is mounted on rod 5 which in turn is attached and rotated by motor 6. Thus, mirror member 2 is rotated about.the axis of rod 5.
A camera 8 having a lens 9 is positioned at a location adjacent to the area of mirror member 2. The optical axis of camera 8 is perpendicular to the axis o~ rod 5. Thus images .
-. are reflected off of the two reflective surfaces 3 and 4 of - - ~irror member 2 into camera 8 through lens 9, Respective.mounting brackets are provide~ for supporting the mirror assembly and the camera, Rod 5 and motor 6 are attached to a mounting bracket 7. Camera 8, on the other hand, i~ attached to a mounting bracket 10. Bracke-ts 7 and 10 are then coupled together through coupling join-~ 12. Since bracke~
7 is merely fixed in a guide slot provided hetween brac};et 10 : 25 and coupling member 12, it is possible to adjust the vèrticaL
. ' , ~:
. -6~
- height of mirror mem~er 2 with respect to the optical axis of camera 8.
In order to support the entire assembly, camara 8 can be mounted on top of a tripod or stand 11~ The mounting screw 15 which is attached to camera 8 is slidable between arms 13 and 14 of mounting bracXet 10. Thus, camera 8 can be moved along its ~p~ical axis towards and away from mirror member 2.
Generally in utilizing the present invention, the image reflected of of the reflective surfac~s o mirror member 2 covers the entire optical~view of camera 8. It is possible, however, for the reflected image to only cover a portion o~
the optical view of a camera. In this latter situation, it would be possible for the re1ective surfaces to only transmit an imagè to the camera over the lower half of the optical view.
In-this situation the top half of the optical view would ... .
always be viewing images positioned on the other side o~ the mirror member while the lower half would be viewing images , reflected off of the reflective sur~aces of the mirror me~ber~
The operation of a modified embodiment of the present invention is explained below with reference to the schematic illustrations of Figure 7 and 8. By appropriately selecting - the size of the lens of the camera and its spaci~g from mirror 2, .
it is possible for the image plane to occasionally reflect three images at once. Thus as shown in Figure 7, a camera ;~ 25 with lens 1' views images at positions A, D and ~ on image plane 16, as shown in Figure 8, when mirror 2 is in the position shown.
' _' ' ' ' ~''`.
64~4 With this embodimen~, image B will always be seen by the camera As mirror 2 rotates, first an object to the left of the camera at position E would be seen i~ the lo~er half of its image plane 16. As rotation o~ the mirror continues, images at A
and D are then seen in the lowex half with an i~age from posi-tion B still occupying the upper half o~ the image plane The same type of situation also occurs when the mirror is : re1ecting images ~rom the right-hand side of the camera With this modified embodiment, it is next to impos~ibl~, -if not completely impossible~ for a person in the area undex surveillance to know where the camera is looking~ ~his helps tn improve the security protection a~forded by the system. For example, a shopli~ter cannot believe he is safe by waiting until the camera is facing in the other direction before taking something since he nevex knows where the camera is looking.
It is noted that the above description and the accompany-~ , :
~ ing drawings are provided merely to present an exemplary . .. .. ... . . ..
embodiment of the present invention and that additional modi-fications of this embodiment are possible within the scopP of the invention without deviating from the spirit thereof~ :
' ' . - .
...
,.
.,~ ' ~.
'' . ' '' ' ' , ' ' ' . .
,
1~)76~0~
camera Furthermore, it is generally considered to be desir-able to try to maintain the camera in a stationary position if at all feasible.
u~lary o~ the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a mirror system for utilization within a panoramic scanning system which is capable of providing a scanning view through a full 360 revolution without requiring any movement of the camera itself.
Another object of the present inven~ion is t~ provide a panoramic camera scanning system in which the ca~era can be held in a stationary orientation while still being capable o~
scanning through a full 360 revolution.
A urther object of the present invention is to provide - a panaramic scanning system in which the images obtained remain . ~ , ~- 15 in the same orientation with respect to the vertical axis . .
throughout the entire operation.
In order to accomplish these objectives, the panoramic camera scanning system utilizes a mirror system which includes a planar mirror member having re1ective coatings on both of its planar surfaces. A mounting bracket is pro~ided ~or rotat-ably mounting the planar member such that its plane lies along an axis extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the optical axis o the camera of the panoramic scanning system. During operation, the planar member is then rotated about the mounting axis. In utilizing this system, the lens 7t;40'~
o~ the camera is focused on the planar member so that as the member is rotated a panoramic scanning view is transmitted to the camera.
In utilizing the mirror system within the panoramic camera scanning system, the planar member is spaced only a short distance rom the lens of the camera It is preferable that the lens of the camera be a wide-angled lens. With a wide-angled lens, a wider field of view can be obtained at all times from the reflection off the mirror. This is especially true when the plane of the mirror is perpendicular to the optical axis of the camexa, i~e., one o the planar surfaces directly faces the camera lens. Furthermore, with a wide-angled le~s, - when the planq of the planar member is aligned with the optical axi5 of the camera it will not present any impediment to the optical view of the camera.
~he camera i~ this system is adjustably mounted on a mounting bracket, which is attached to the mounting bracket for the mirror system. ~n this manner, the camera can be adjusted .
so as to be moved along its optical axis relative to the planar mirror member thereby allowing for adjusting the view ~o be obtained from the reflective surfaces of the planar member.
Brief Description of the Drawinqs '' Figures 1 through 3 schematically illustrate the operation of the system of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a side-elevational view of the panoramic .
.
,~ . ' . , ' ' 1~)7~i9L1~4 camera scanning s~stem of the present invention.
Figure 5 is a top-plan view taken along lines 5-5 of the system illustrated in Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a sectional view take~ along lines 6-6 of Figure 4.
Figure 7 is a schematic illustration of the operation of a modified embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 isan illustration of the image received by the cam~ra in accordance with the operàtion shown in ~igure 7.
. ' . ' . . .
. De.scriPtion o the Preferred Embodiment The operation of the system of the present inven~ion can : be understood through tha schematic illustrations shown in Figures 1 through 3. The panQramic camera scanning system in-cludes a camera schematically representea by lens 1 and a .;~ 15 planar mirror having reflective sur~aces 3 and 4. Planar mirror 2 extends along and is rotatable about an axis which is : perpendicular to the optical axis of lens 1~ . --~ . When ~he mirror i5 in the position shown in Figure 1, an image of an object at the position designated A is reflected by surface 3 and then viewed by the camera through lens 1~
When the mirror has been rotated to the position shown in Figure .::. . 2, mirror member 2 does not impede the view of lens 1 which is then able to see an object at the positi.on designated B.
In this situation, the impediment caused to the view of the camera by mirror member 2 is minimized by utilizing a wide-angled lens w.ith the camera. ~ext, when the mirror member has been :, .
.
~C~76~
further -2sotated to the position shown in Figure 3, an image of an object at the location designated C is reflected by sur~ace 4 and then viewed by the camera through lens 1.
Finally, when mirror member 2 is still further rotated so as to .5 face lens 1, the camera would then view any object positioned behind it. Since planar mirror 2 continues to rotate in the same direction, the cycle.is continuously repeated.. Thus for each single xevolution of the mirrox, two complete panoramic ~ ;
scans are providedO
An embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in ~ -~
Figure 4. As shown, planar mirror member 2 is mounted on rod 5 which in turn is attached and rotated by motor 6. Thus, mirror member 2 is rotated about.the axis of rod 5.
A camera 8 having a lens 9 is positioned at a location adjacent to the area of mirror member 2. The optical axis of camera 8 is perpendicular to the axis o~ rod 5. Thus images .
-. are reflected off of the two reflective surfaces 3 and 4 of - - ~irror member 2 into camera 8 through lens 9, Respective.mounting brackets are provide~ for supporting the mirror assembly and the camera, Rod 5 and motor 6 are attached to a mounting bracket 7. Camera 8, on the other hand, i~ attached to a mounting bracket 10. Bracke-ts 7 and 10 are then coupled together through coupling join-~ 12. Since bracke~
7 is merely fixed in a guide slot provided hetween brac};et 10 : 25 and coupling member 12, it is possible to adjust the vèrticaL
. ' , ~:
. -6~
- height of mirror mem~er 2 with respect to the optical axis of camera 8.
In order to support the entire assembly, camara 8 can be mounted on top of a tripod or stand 11~ The mounting screw 15 which is attached to camera 8 is slidable between arms 13 and 14 of mounting bracXet 10. Thus, camera 8 can be moved along its ~p~ical axis towards and away from mirror member 2.
Generally in utilizing the present invention, the image reflected of of the reflective surfac~s o mirror member 2 covers the entire optical~view of camera 8. It is possible, however, for the reflected image to only cover a portion o~
the optical view of a camera. In this latter situation, it would be possible for the re1ective surfaces to only transmit an imagè to the camera over the lower half of the optical view.
In-this situation the top half of the optical view would ... .
always be viewing images positioned on the other side o~ the mirror member while the lower half would be viewing images , reflected off of the reflective sur~aces of the mirror me~ber~
The operation of a modified embodiment of the present invention is explained below with reference to the schematic illustrations of Figure 7 and 8. By appropriately selecting - the size of the lens of the camera and its spaci~g from mirror 2, .
it is possible for the image plane to occasionally reflect three images at once. Thus as shown in Figure 7, a camera ;~ 25 with lens 1' views images at positions A, D and ~ on image plane 16, as shown in Figure 8, when mirror 2 is in the position shown.
' _' ' ' ' ~''`.
64~4 With this embodimen~, image B will always be seen by the camera As mirror 2 rotates, first an object to the left of the camera at position E would be seen i~ the lo~er half of its image plane 16. As rotation o~ the mirror continues, images at A
and D are then seen in the lowex half with an i~age from posi-tion B still occupying the upper half o~ the image plane The same type of situation also occurs when the mirror is : re1ecting images ~rom the right-hand side of the camera With this modified embodiment, it is next to impos~ibl~, -if not completely impossible~ for a person in the area undex surveillance to know where the camera is looking~ ~his helps tn improve the security protection a~forded by the system. For example, a shopli~ter cannot believe he is safe by waiting until the camera is facing in the other direction before taking something since he nevex knows where the camera is looking.
It is noted that the above description and the accompany-~ , :
~ ing drawings are provided merely to present an exemplary . .. .. ... . . ..
embodiment of the present invention and that additional modi-fications of this embodiment are possible within the scopP of the invention without deviating from the spirit thereof~ :
' ' . - .
...
,.
.,~ ' ~.
'' . ' '' ' ' , ' ' ' . .
,
Claims (10)
1. Mirror system for use in a panoramic camera scanning system comprising:
a planar member having reflective coatings on both of its planar surfaces;
means for rotatably mounting said planar member so that its plane lies along an axis extending in a direction substan-tially perpendicular to the optical axis of a camera utilized in the scanning system; and, means for rotating said planar member about said mounting axis.
a planar member having reflective coatings on both of its planar surfaces;
means for rotatably mounting said planar member so that its plane lies along an axis extending in a direction substan-tially perpendicular to the optical axis of a camera utilized in the scanning system; and, means for rotating said planar member about said mounting axis.
2. A system as defined in claim 1 wherein said rotating means continuously rotates said planar member through a full 360° revolution.
3. A panoramic scanning system comprising:
a camera;
a planar member having reflective coatings on both of its planar surfaces;
means for rotatably mounting said planar member so that its plane lies along an axis extending in a direction substan-tially perpendicular to the optical axis of a camera utilized in the scanning system; and, means for rotating said planar member about said mounting axis.
a camera;
a planar member having reflective coatings on both of its planar surfaces;
means for rotatably mounting said planar member so that its plane lies along an axis extending in a direction substan-tially perpendicular to the optical axis of a camera utilized in the scanning system; and, means for rotating said planar member about said mounting axis.
4. A system as defined in claim 3 wherein said camera has a wide-angled lens so that when the plane of said planar member extends in a direction aligned with the optical axis of said camera, said planar member presents no impediment to the optical view of said camera.
5. A system as defined in claim 3 wherein said camera is spaced only a short distance from said mirror.
6. A system as defined in claim 3 wherein when the plane of said planar member extends in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of said camera the only image viewed by said camera is the reflection from one of said planar surfaces of said planar member.
7. A system as defined in claim 3 wherein when the plane of said planar member extends in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of said camera, the view reflected by said planar surfaces of said planar member to said camera only covers a portion of the optical view of said camera.
8. A system as defined in claim 3 further comprising further means for mounting said camera, said further mounting means for said camera being coupled to said mounting means for said planar member and said camera being adjustably mounted on said further mounting means such that said camera can be moved in a direction along its optical axis relative to said planar member.
9. A system as defined in claim 3 wherein said rotating means continuously rotates said planar member through a full 360° revolution.
10. A system as defined in claim 3 wherein said camera is a video camera.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US05/721,502 US4058831A (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1976-09-08 | Panoramic camera scanning system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1076404A true CA1076404A (en) | 1980-04-29 |
Family
ID=24898237
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA285,846A Expired CA1076404A (en) | 1976-09-08 | 1977-08-31 | Panoramic camera scanning system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4058831A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1076404A (en) |
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| US6369818B1 (en) | 1998-11-25 | 2002-04-09 | Be Here Corporation | Method, apparatus and computer program product for generating perspective corrected data from warped information |
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| CA2860774A1 (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2013-07-18 | Logos Technologies Llc | Method and device for controlling a motion-compensating mirror for a rotating camera |
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| CN113365043B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-08-26 | 北京理工大学 | Variable-scale panoramic imaging synchronous switching reflector device and panoramic expansion method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1660886A (en) * | 1928-02-28 | randall | ||
| US2905758A (en) * | 1955-07-28 | 1959-09-22 | Joseph B Walker | Panoramic television cameras |
| US3040123A (en) * | 1959-10-07 | 1962-06-19 | Gen Precision Inc | Television equipment, especially for ground aircraft trainers and the like |
| US3256387A (en) * | 1962-08-01 | 1966-06-14 | Vare Ind Inc | Panoramic tv periscope |
| US3335217A (en) * | 1964-09-14 | 1967-08-08 | Itt | Three dimensional display system |
| FR2045250A5 (en) * | 1969-06-27 | 1971-02-26 | Comp Generale Electricite | |
| US3881811A (en) * | 1971-02-26 | 1975-05-06 | Bruce K French | Wide-angle rear view mirror with rotary center piece |
| US3780224A (en) * | 1972-04-24 | 1973-12-18 | Itt | Optical system for television camera |
| US3976837A (en) * | 1975-03-19 | 1976-08-24 | Paul Wentworth Lang | 360° Viewing system |
-
1976
- 1976-09-08 US US05/721,502 patent/US4058831A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1977
- 1977-08-31 CA CA285,846A patent/CA1076404A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4058831A (en) | 1977-11-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |