CA1096056A - Self-powered in-core neutron detector assembly with uniform perturbation characteristics - Google Patents

Self-powered in-core neutron detector assembly with uniform perturbation characteristics

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Publication number
CA1096056A
CA1096056A CA305,834A CA305834A CA1096056A CA 1096056 A CA1096056 A CA 1096056A CA 305834 A CA305834 A CA 305834A CA 1096056 A CA1096056 A CA 1096056A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
detector
sheath
detectors
assembly
active
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA305,834A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
William H. Todt
Kerwin C. Playfoot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CBS Corp
Original Assignee
Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1096056A publication Critical patent/CA1096056A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01TMEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
    • G01T3/00Measuring neutron radiation
    • G01T3/006Measuring neutron radiation using self-powered detectors (for neutrons as well as for Y- or X-rays), e.g. using Compton-effect (Compton diodes) or photo-emission or a (n,B) nuclear reaction

Abstract

47,073 SELF-POWERED IN-CORE NEUTRON DETECTOR ASSEMBLY
WITH UNIFORM PERTURBATION CHARACTERISTICS

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A self-powered in-core neutron detector assembly in which a plurality of longitudinally extending self-powered detectors have neutron responsive active portions spaced along a longitudinal path. A low neutron absorptive extension extends from the active portions of the spaced active portions of the detectors in symmetrical longitudinal relationship with the spaced active detector portions of each succeeding detector. The detector extension terminates with the detector assembly to provide a uniform perturbation characteristic over the entire assembly length.

Description

B.4C~GROUi~D OI~ TI-IE IN~ENTI3N
The present invention relates to self-powered neutron detectors and to detector assemblies incorporating a plura~it~ of detectors for in-core nuclear reac^or radiation monitoring. A self-powered detector is a device which does not require a voltage potential, but generates ~ signal between a central conductive emitter and a spac^d coaxial sheath collector, with insulation means provided there-between. A large number of such detectors are required to adequately monitor the radiation levels throughout the reactor core to provide sufficient data to characteri~e the core fuel performance and to provide safety mon~toring data.
The detectors are typically spaced along the length of the core to provide neutron flux measurements along the core length.
In the presently used multi-detector assemblies, .. : ~ .. -.... : , ::,.. . . .

the active detector portions of the individual detectors are spaced along a longitudinal path of the bundled assembly so that the cable leads for the respective spaced detectors only extend as far as the respective detector active portion.
This means that several cables are closely spaced from the firs-t detector while none are present at the furthest ex-tending terminal detector of the assembly. This difference in mechanical structure and materials present in the immed-iate area of each detector active portion results in varia-tions in detector sensitivity due to the individual localperturbation factors, and complicates analysis of the signal outputs from the various detectors.
A neutron detector assembly is described in U.S.
Patent 3,751,333 issued August 7, 1973 to C. N. Drummond et al, in which the detectors and their lead cables are dis- ~;
posed between a hollow center calibration tube, and a laterally flexible outer sheath, with mechanical spacers running between the spaced detectors and cables along the entire length of the assembly. The spacers keep the detectors ; 2~ properly spaced. In the commercial design of the above~
described pa-tent, the spacers are neutron absorptive solid wire members which depress the neutron level at the active detector. This is particularly the case at the terminal -end of the assembly where a plurality of such wire spacers is in close proximity to the furthest extending active detector. This terminal active detector sees a lower ;~
neutron flux for a given incident flux level than the other spaced detectors where there are less solid wire spacers.
SUMMARY OF T~E INVENTION
A self-powered neutron detector assembly includes a plurality of longitudinally extending self-powered detectors
- 2 -~ 47,073 which have neutron responsive active portions spaced along a longitudinal path. Low neutron absorptive extensions extend from the active portions of the spaced detectors in symmetr~
ical longitudinal relationship with the spaced active detector por~ions of each succeeding detector and terminate with the extending end of the assembly.
The low neutron absorptive extension comprises an extension of the conductive sheath of the detector with insulating means filling the volume defined by the sheath `
10 which is sealed at its terminal end. These low neutron ;~
absorptive extensions thus run side-by-side with the cable `"
leads and the spaced active detector portion, so that at each active detector portion the local perturbation ~actors are uni~orm because of the uni~orm mechanical structures and materials symmetrically present at each active detector i por~,ion-BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRA~IN~S
Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an ~
embodiment of the present invention. -Figures 2A-2D are cross-sectional representations taken along the lines A-A, B-B, C-C, D-D of Figure 1.
Figure 3 is a side elevation view of a portion of ; another embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a cross-section view taken along line IV-IV of Figure 3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The invention can be best under~stood by reference ;
to the simplified represen~a~ions of Figures 1 and 2 in which four detectors in side-by-side relation make up the
3 detector assembly 10. The neutron detector assembly 10 is ~3~

~ 47,073 an elongated assembly with a Plurality of longitudinally extending self-powered detectors 12, 14, 16, and 18. The detector 12 comprises an elongated conductive sheath 20, and has three interior portions. A lead cable portion 22 ~`
extends from one end of the assembly, and a conductive center wire 24 is centrally disposed within the sheath 20, with insulating means 26 disposed between the wire 24 and the sheath. An active self-powered detector portion 28 is intermediate to the assembly ends and comprises a neutron - :
absorptive central conductive emitter 30 which is electrically connected at one end to the lead cable center wire 24.
Insulating means 26 is likewise disposed between the central conductive emitter 30 and -the sheath 20. A low rleutron absorptive extension portion 32 extends from the other end of the central conductive emitter, and comprises lnsulating means 26 typically alurnina filling the volume de.fined by the sheath 20 which is sealed at its te.rminal end 34. The active detector portion 28 o:f each detector is represented by the dotted lines in Figure 1.
The detectors 14 and 16 have the same three portions, a cable portion 22, an active detector portion 28, and the extension portion 32 as detector 12, but with the active self-powered detector portion 28 being spaced along the longitudinal path of the assembly 10. In Figure 2A in a sectional representation taken through the assembly 10 along ;
line A-A of Figure 1 at the active emitter 28 portlon of detector 12, the portions of detectors 14, 16 and 18 are t.he ;
cable lead portions 22. The acti.ve detector portion neutron responsive central conductive emitter 30 is represented as 3 an x in Figures 2A-2D to differentiate from the cable center
4~

.~ .,: ,`: ' : '`.

47,073 wire 24. In Figure 2B, taken through assembly 10 along line - B-B of Figure 1 at the active emitter portion of detec~or 14, the cable lead portions 22 of detectors 16 and 18 are ; seen, but the low neutron absorptive extension portion 32 of detector 12 is ad~acent the active portion of detector 14.
In Figure 2C, taken through the assembly 10 along line C-C
of Figure 1 at the active emitter portion of detector 16, ~ `~
the low neutron absorptive extension portions 32 from de-tectors 12 and 14 extend therealong and the cable lead 10 portions 22 of detector 18. Detector 18 only has a cable lead portion and an active self-powered emitter portion since it is the furthest extending detector at the terminal end of assembly 10. Thus, in Figure 2D taken through assembly 10 along line D-D of ~igure 1 at the active emitter portion of detector 18~ the low neutron absorptive extension portions ~ -32 of detectors 12, 14 and 16 are ad~acent the active portion of detector 18. The conductive sheath of dete~tor 18 is sealed at its terminal end which is the terminal end of the assembly 10.
The low neutron absorptive extension typically comprises a temperature and radiation stable insulator such as alumina or magnesia within the conductive sheath. A
variety of insulators can be used which have a low neutron absorptive characteristic.
It may be desirable for some applications to -provide a low neutron absorptive extension 32 for the fur- -- thest extending detector 18, with the extension 32 ~or detector 18 as well as the extensions for detectors 12, 14 and 16 all extending to a common assembly terminal end which is some distance beyond the end of the active detector , , .
` .

- - .,.. ,: ~
. . .. ... .. , . ~ -, . ... ..

47,073 portion 30 of the detector 18.
In another embodiment of the present invention ! illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the detector assembly 40 i comprises an elongated hollow calibration tube 42, with four detectors 44, 46, 48, 50 and a thermocouple lead cable 52 helically wrapped about calibration tube 42 in a pentafilar manner. The detectors 44, 46, 48 and 50 are three-part assemblies much as the embodiment represented in Figures 1 and 2, which are then helically wrapped about the calibration tube. The detectors 44, 46, 48 and 50 each comprise a cable lead portion, an active detector portion, and an extension portion as explained above for the detectors of Figures 1 and 2.
In the assembly o~ ~igures 3 and 4, the elongated hollow calibration tube 42 extends proximate to the sealed termlnal end of the sheath 54 with the low neutron absorp-tive detector extension portionsfrom detectors_44, 46, 48 and 50 being helically wrapped to the end of the calibration tube 42.
The helical wrap of the detector assemblies and the thermocouple cable is a loose wrap of about one revolu-tion per ~oot for the out-of-core portions of the calibra-tion tube. For the in-core portion, the detectors and the thermocouple cable are tightly wrapped in abutting side-by-side relationship. The active detector portionsof the respective detectors are again spaced along the length of the assembly, with just the sensitive active detector portion of one detector 46 shown for its full helical active length in Figure 3. The helical wrap of the detectors provides a longer active emitter portion for a given length ~.

, -., . .

~3~Q~6 47,073 of the core and permits greater detector sensitivity. The provision of the helically ~rapped low neutron absorptive extension portions extending from the ends of the active emitter portions of the detectors maintains a uniform perturbation characteristic along the entire assembly 40.
The calibration tube 42 permits insertion of a movable calibration detector within the tube along the entire core length.
As seen in Figure 3, the entire detector assembly 40 is disposed within a laterally flexible outer sheath 54, which facilitates insertion of the entire assembly from outside of the reactor vessel. A thermocouple 56 is pro-vided at the terminal end of outer sheath 54, and the thermocouple cable 52 wrapped about the calibration tube is electrically connected to a thermocouple which can be mounted on the interior or exterior of the sheath 54.
The invention has been described by ~eference to embodiments in which four detectors were used in the assem~
bly by way of example. The number of detectors used is a matter of choice, but is generally limited by the diameter of the core thimble into which the assembly can be fitted. `~

Claims (9)

47,073 CLAIMS:
1. A self-powered neutron detector comprising, an elongated tubular conductive sheath, which detector has three interior portions extending within the tubular con-ductive sheath, including a lead cable portion extending from one end with a conductive center wire and insulating means disposed between the center wire and the sheath, an active detector portion intermediate between the detector ends, which active detector portion comprises a neutron absorptive central conductive emitter which is electrically connected at one end to the lead cable center wire, with insulating means disposed between the central conductive emitter and the sheath, and a low neutron absorptive extension portion which extends from the other end of the central conductive emitter to a sealed sheath end with insulating means filling the volume defined by the sheath.
2. The detector assembly set forth in claim 1, wherein a plurality of such detectors form a detector assembly and the active detector portions of the respective detectors are spaced along the length of the assembly, and wherein the detector extension portions extend at least to the terminal end of the furthest longitudinally extending detector.
3. The detector assembly set forth in claim 2, wherein a plurality of such detectors are helically wrapped about a hollow calibration tube and are disposed within a flexible outer sheath.
4. The detector assembly set forth in claim 3, wherein for the in-core portions of the assembly the helical wrap of the detectors is a side-by-side tight wrap.

47,073
5. An in-core neutron detector assembly comp-rising a plurality of longitudinally extending self-powered detectors each of which comprise an elongated tubular con-ductive sheath, with at least one of the detectors having three interior portions extending within the tubular con-ductive sheath including a lead cable portion extending from one end of the sheath with a conductive center wire and insulating means disposed between the center wire and the sheath, an active detector portion intermediate the sheath ends, which active detector portion comprises a neutron absorptive central conductive emitter which is electrically connected at one end to the lead cable center wire, with insulating means disposed between the central conductive emitter and the sheath, and a low neutron absorptive exten-sion portion comprising a sheath extension which extends from the other end of the central conductive emitter to a sealed sheath end, with insulating means filling the volume defined by the sheath, which extension portions extend at least to the terminal end of the furthest extending detector in a symmetrical relationship to provide the assembly with a uniform perturbation characteristic along the active por-tions of the detectors of the assembly.
6. The detector assembly set forth in claim 5, wherein a laterally flexible protective outer sheath is provided about the assembly.
7. The detector assembly set forth in claim 5, wherein a thermocouple lead cable is included within the assembly extending beyond the terminal end of the furthest longitudinally extending detector.
8. The detector assembly set forth in claim 5, 47,073 wherein the plurality of detectors are helically wrapped about a hollow calibration tube.
9. The detector assembly set forth in claim 8, wherein the helical wrap about the calibration tube over the active detector length is a tight wrap with the cables abutting.
CA305,834A 1977-07-07 1978-06-20 Self-powered in-core neutron detector assembly with uniform perturbation characteristics Expired CA1096056A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US813,562 1977-07-07
US05/813,562 US4140911A (en) 1977-07-07 1977-07-07 Self-powered in-core neutron detector assembly with uniform perturbation characteristics

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1096056A true CA1096056A (en) 1981-02-17

Family

ID=25212740

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA305,834A Expired CA1096056A (en) 1977-07-07 1978-06-20 Self-powered in-core neutron detector assembly with uniform perturbation characteristics

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4140911A (en)
JP (1) JPS5419095A (en)
CA (1) CA1096056A (en)
DE (1) DE2829465A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2396980A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1604086A (en)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4288291A (en) * 1979-05-11 1981-09-08 Whittaker Corporation Radiation detector for use in nuclear reactors
JPS5764682U (en) * 1980-09-29 1982-04-17
US4396839A (en) * 1981-03-31 1983-08-02 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Method of fabricating a self-powered radiation detector
US4560529A (en) * 1983-02-01 1985-12-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Fuel washout detection system
US4708844A (en) * 1984-03-20 1987-11-24 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Reactor monitoring assembly
JPH027214Y2 (en) * 1985-01-29 1990-02-21
US4780267A (en) * 1987-02-17 1988-10-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp. In-core assembly configuration having a dual-wall pressure boundary for nuclear reactor
US4839135A (en) * 1987-08-21 1989-06-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Anti-vibration flux thimble
FR2632442B1 (en) * 1988-06-06 1990-09-14 Framatome Sa DEVICE FOR MEASURING PARAMETERS IN THE HEART OF A NUCLEAR REACTOR IN SERVICE
US4990855A (en) * 1989-06-19 1991-02-05 General Electric Company Conductivity probe for use in the presence of high intensity nuclear radiation
US20060165209A1 (en) * 2005-01-27 2006-07-27 Cheng Alexander Y Neutron detector assembly with variable length rhodium emitters
US7351982B2 (en) * 2005-05-24 2008-04-01 Washington Savannah River Company Llp Portable nuclear material detector and process
US8712000B2 (en) * 2007-12-13 2014-04-29 Global Nuclear Fuel—Americas, LLC Tranverse in-core probe monitoring and calibration device for nuclear power plants, and method thereof

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3375370A (en) * 1965-12-28 1968-03-26 Ca Atomic Energy Ltd Self-powered neutron detector
DE1539628A1 (en) * 1965-02-08 1969-08-28 Atomenergie Ab Neutron detector
US3751333A (en) * 1970-06-11 1973-08-07 C Drummond Nuclear reactor core monitoring system
DE2339004A1 (en) * 1973-08-01 1975-02-20 Siemens Ag NEUTRON DETECTOR
US4087693A (en) * 1976-03-17 1978-05-02 Rosemount Inc. Sensors for use in nuclear reactor cores

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2396980B1 (en) 1984-03-23
DE2829465A1 (en) 1979-01-18
GB1604086A (en) 1981-12-02
FR2396980A1 (en) 1979-02-02
JPS5419095A (en) 1979-02-13
US4140911A (en) 1979-02-20
JPS6229754B2 (en) 1987-06-27

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