CA1216277A - Tubing bit opener - Google Patents
Tubing bit openerInfo
- Publication number
- CA1216277A CA1216277A CA000462683A CA462683A CA1216277A CA 1216277 A CA1216277 A CA 1216277A CA 000462683 A CA000462683 A CA 000462683A CA 462683 A CA462683 A CA 462683A CA 1216277 A CA1216277 A CA 1216277A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- opener
- caisson
- tubing
- tubing bit
- bit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/08—Roller bits
- E21B10/20—Roller bits characterised by detachable or adjustable parts, e.g. legs or axles
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
- E21B10/34—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools of roller-cutter type
- E21B10/345—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools of roller-cutter type cutter shifted by fluid pressure
Abstract
Abstract of the Disclosure A tubing bit opener has upper and lower cutters with the upper cutters mounted on expandable arms. The lower cutters are carried by mounting blocks which are interchangeable. Each mounting block has a bevelled edge therearound which is received in a matching undercut groove in the tubing bit opener. The mounting blocks are bolted on to the tubing bit opener and can easily be removed for maintenance or repair.
Description
~S~77 This a?plication relates to a tubing bit opener and, in particular, to such a device adapted for the installation of caissons in eart:~ formationsO
In applicant's Canadian Patent ~o~ 6~7,133, issued July 23, 1963, there is disclosed a drill employing impact cutters which ir one position extend beyond the diameter of the drill body but in another position can be retracted so that the drill can be removed through a caisson in position in the hole which has been drilledO
The present application relates to an improved device of the same type but one which uses rotary cutters and which has advantages of easy disassembly for a maintenance and repair.
Specifically the invention relates a tubing bit opener comprising a drill body having upper and lower rotary cutter assemblies. ~he upper rotary cutter assembly consists of pivotable arms supporting rotary cutters capable of being urged outwardly ~rom the drill body under the control of a slidable piston actuated by drill fluid pressure. The lo~er rotary cutter assembly consists of mounting bloc~s each having a bevelled edge therearound receivable in a matching undercu-t groove in the drill body and supporting rotary cutters.
In its method aspect the invention relates to a method oE positioning a calsson in earch formations uslng this tubing bit opener, The method comprises the steps of arranging the caisson to follow t~e tubing bit opener downwardly to the desired caisson depth with the lower end of the caisson ad~acent a shoulder on each pivotable arrn retracting the pivotable arms and removing the tubing bit opene~ to leave the caisson in place,
In applicant's Canadian Patent ~o~ 6~7,133, issued July 23, 1963, there is disclosed a drill employing impact cutters which ir one position extend beyond the diameter of the drill body but in another position can be retracted so that the drill can be removed through a caisson in position in the hole which has been drilledO
The present application relates to an improved device of the same type but one which uses rotary cutters and which has advantages of easy disassembly for a maintenance and repair.
Specifically the invention relates a tubing bit opener comprising a drill body having upper and lower rotary cutter assemblies. ~he upper rotary cutter assembly consists of pivotable arms supporting rotary cutters capable of being urged outwardly ~rom the drill body under the control of a slidable piston actuated by drill fluid pressure. The lo~er rotary cutter assembly consists of mounting bloc~s each having a bevelled edge therearound receivable in a matching undercu-t groove in the drill body and supporting rotary cutters.
In its method aspect the invention relates to a method oE positioning a calsson in earch formations uslng this tubing bit opener, The method comprises the steps of arranging the caisson to follow t~e tubing bit opener downwardly to the desired caisson depth with the lower end of the caisson ad~acent a shoulder on each pivotable arrn retracting the pivotable arms and removing the tubing bit opene~ to leave the caisson in place,
2~7 A preferred embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
Figure 1 is a cross-section of the tubing bit opener sho~ing its operation in positioning a caisson in an earth formation; and Figure 2 is a fragmentary view showing additional details of the upper and lower cutters.
6Z7~
Description of the Preferred Embodiment Figure 1 shows a generally cylindrical drill body, indicated at 10, having a threaded connection 11 in its upper portion arranged to receive a conventional drill rod connector 120 Drill ~ody 10 is provided with two sets of rolling cutters, The upper cutters 13 are received in a recess 14 and carried by an arm 16 pivotally mounted at 15 so that they can be extended outwardly of the bodyO The lower cutters 20, which are readily replaceable~ are securely fastened at the lower end of the drill body at a position to remove material to form a hole of the appropriate diameter to receive the drill body.
A cen~ral passage in the drill body communicates with the drill pipe through passage 21 in connector 12 to receive the stream of air or water used as drilling fluido This central passage leads to side passages 22 communicating with the upper set of cutters 13 and lower passages 23 communicating with lower cutters 20 so that debris released by the cutters may be swept away~ Longitudinal grooves are formed along drill body 10 at positions not occupied by`the cutters to provide a passa~e for return to the surface of material di.slodged~
A movable piston 24 is located in the central passage and is used to control the expandable movement of the arms carrying the cutters. ~iston 24 has passages 25 formed in it to permit the drilling fluid to pass downwardly through the central passage in the drill body when the piston is displaced downwardly~ When the pressure of drilling fluid in the drill pipe increases it acts on head 2~ of piston 24 to force it downwardly against the 12~l~2~
force of spring 27. The side wall of piston 24 bears against a pin 30 mounted for sliding movement in the drill body, Outward movement of pin 30 forces the arms carryin~ cutters 13 outwardly by pivotal movement about pin 15, On reduction of drilling fluid pressure piston 2~
moves upwardly under the force of spring 27 permitting pin 30 to move inwardly, This in turn, permits cutters 13 to move into the recesses 14 under the force a~plied to arms 16 by sprinqs 31 located above the pivot pinO
Additional details of the structure of the cutters may be seen in Fi~ures 1 and 2o The lower cutter mountinq bloc~ 20 is formed with a bevelled edqe 40 extendinq therearoundO This edqe is received in a matchinq undercut qroove 41 formed in the lower portion or the drill bod~, The mountinq block is held ri~idly in Position by bolts ~l3 but, as can be seen. can be readilv dismounted from the drill bodv for rePlacement of the cutterO The cuttinq elements are formed bv carbide tiPs 45 but could instead be formed bv toothed steel, if desiredO Upper cutters 13 are each provided with a ~rease Passaqe 32 communicatina with roller su~Port bearinqs 33~ Similarl~, lower cutters 20 have a ~rease Passaqe 34 communicatinq with roller suPport bearinqs 360 Bv weldin~ or solderin~ the ends of the axle containina the ~rease supply tube to the cutter mounting block, as shown at 35 a par-ticularly rigid structure is obtainedO The axle containing grease tube 32 of the upper cutter can similarly be welded or soldered to the arm to provide a rigid axis about which the cutter head rotates, ~2~l627~
A typical use of the tubing bit opener of this invention is to sin~ a caisson as shown at 50 in Figure lo As the tubing bit opener moves downwardly into the ground caisson 50 follows closely behind shoulder 51 provided in the expandable cutters 13.
This provides two advantages: the first is that the caisson acts as a guide to provide good alignment of the hole being drilled; the second is that the caisson prevents debris from the hole falling inO Once the arms carrying cutters 13 have been retracted, the drill can be withdrawn through the caisson leaving it in its final positionO
The drill body, the expandable cutter arms and the replaceable lower cutter units are formed from precision cut steel~ Since che cutter arms and the lower cutter units are interchangeable among themselves, fewer spares need be kept, Typical dimensions are a drill body of 6 inch diameter with the expandable cutters extensible by 9116 inchO The caisson used can have a wall thic~ness of 3/16 inch and an inner diameter of 6 3/16 inch, When followin~ the tubing bit opener downwardly the end of the caisson is spa~ced by about 1/2 inch from shoulder Sl~ I~ the formation proves to be unconsolidated, then cement can be pumped down the drill rod to flow outside the caisson and to the formation. The tubing bit opener can be gradually with-drawn during this process~ After the cement has hardened drill-ing - can be resumed through the now stabil-ized formation~
Figure 1 is a cross-section of the tubing bit opener sho~ing its operation in positioning a caisson in an earth formation; and Figure 2 is a fragmentary view showing additional details of the upper and lower cutters.
6Z7~
Description of the Preferred Embodiment Figure 1 shows a generally cylindrical drill body, indicated at 10, having a threaded connection 11 in its upper portion arranged to receive a conventional drill rod connector 120 Drill ~ody 10 is provided with two sets of rolling cutters, The upper cutters 13 are received in a recess 14 and carried by an arm 16 pivotally mounted at 15 so that they can be extended outwardly of the bodyO The lower cutters 20, which are readily replaceable~ are securely fastened at the lower end of the drill body at a position to remove material to form a hole of the appropriate diameter to receive the drill body.
A cen~ral passage in the drill body communicates with the drill pipe through passage 21 in connector 12 to receive the stream of air or water used as drilling fluido This central passage leads to side passages 22 communicating with the upper set of cutters 13 and lower passages 23 communicating with lower cutters 20 so that debris released by the cutters may be swept away~ Longitudinal grooves are formed along drill body 10 at positions not occupied by`the cutters to provide a passa~e for return to the surface of material di.slodged~
A movable piston 24 is located in the central passage and is used to control the expandable movement of the arms carrying the cutters. ~iston 24 has passages 25 formed in it to permit the drilling fluid to pass downwardly through the central passage in the drill body when the piston is displaced downwardly~ When the pressure of drilling fluid in the drill pipe increases it acts on head 2~ of piston 24 to force it downwardly against the 12~l~2~
force of spring 27. The side wall of piston 24 bears against a pin 30 mounted for sliding movement in the drill body, Outward movement of pin 30 forces the arms carryin~ cutters 13 outwardly by pivotal movement about pin 15, On reduction of drilling fluid pressure piston 2~
moves upwardly under the force of spring 27 permitting pin 30 to move inwardly, This in turn, permits cutters 13 to move into the recesses 14 under the force a~plied to arms 16 by sprinqs 31 located above the pivot pinO
Additional details of the structure of the cutters may be seen in Fi~ures 1 and 2o The lower cutter mountinq bloc~ 20 is formed with a bevelled edqe 40 extendinq therearoundO This edqe is received in a matchinq undercut qroove 41 formed in the lower portion or the drill bod~, The mountinq block is held ri~idly in Position by bolts ~l3 but, as can be seen. can be readilv dismounted from the drill bodv for rePlacement of the cutterO The cuttinq elements are formed bv carbide tiPs 45 but could instead be formed bv toothed steel, if desiredO Upper cutters 13 are each provided with a ~rease Passaqe 32 communicatina with roller su~Port bearinqs 33~ Similarl~, lower cutters 20 have a ~rease Passaqe 34 communicatinq with roller suPport bearinqs 360 Bv weldin~ or solderin~ the ends of the axle containina the ~rease supply tube to the cutter mounting block, as shown at 35 a par-ticularly rigid structure is obtainedO The axle containing grease tube 32 of the upper cutter can similarly be welded or soldered to the arm to provide a rigid axis about which the cutter head rotates, ~2~l627~
A typical use of the tubing bit opener of this invention is to sin~ a caisson as shown at 50 in Figure lo As the tubing bit opener moves downwardly into the ground caisson 50 follows closely behind shoulder 51 provided in the expandable cutters 13.
This provides two advantages: the first is that the caisson acts as a guide to provide good alignment of the hole being drilled; the second is that the caisson prevents debris from the hole falling inO Once the arms carrying cutters 13 have been retracted, the drill can be withdrawn through the caisson leaving it in its final positionO
The drill body, the expandable cutter arms and the replaceable lower cutter units are formed from precision cut steel~ Since che cutter arms and the lower cutter units are interchangeable among themselves, fewer spares need be kept, Typical dimensions are a drill body of 6 inch diameter with the expandable cutters extensible by 9116 inchO The caisson used can have a wall thic~ness of 3/16 inch and an inner diameter of 6 3/16 inch, When followin~ the tubing bit opener downwardly the end of the caisson is spa~ced by about 1/2 inch from shoulder Sl~ I~ the formation proves to be unconsolidated, then cement can be pumped down the drill rod to flow outside the caisson and to the formation. The tubing bit opener can be gradually with-drawn during this process~ After the cement has hardened drill-ing - can be resumed through the now stabil-ized formation~
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A tubing bit opener comprising a drill body having upper and lower rotary cutter assemblies, the upper rotary cutter assembly consisting of pivotable arms supporting rotary cutters capable of being urged outwardly from the drill body under the control of a slidable piston actuated by drill fluid pressure, the lower rotary cutter assembly consisting of mounting blocks each having a bevelled edge therearound receivable in a match-ing undercut groove in the drill body and supporting rotary cutters, whereby the lower rotary cutter assemblies can be readily dismounted from the drill body.
2. A tubing bit opener as set out in claim 1 wherein each rotary cutter is mounted on roller bearings and has a central axle rigidly connected to the pivotable arm or mounting block by welding.
3. A tubing bit opener as set out in claim 2 further in-cluding a grease passage leading to the roller bearing along the central axle.
4. A tubing bit opener as set out in claim 1 wherein each pivotable arm has a shoulder formed on the outer surface thereof adjacent the rotary cutter.
5. A method of positioning a caisson in earth formations using the tubing bit opener of claim 4 comprising the steps of arranging the caisson to follow the tubing bit opener downwardly to the desired caisson depth with the lower end of the caisson adjacent said shoulder, retracting the pivotable arms and removing the tubing bit opener to leave the caisson in place.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000462683A CA1216277A (en) | 1984-09-07 | 1984-09-07 | Tubing bit opener |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000462683A CA1216277A (en) | 1984-09-07 | 1984-09-07 | Tubing bit opener |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1216277A true CA1216277A (en) | 1987-01-06 |
Family
ID=4128667
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000462683A Expired CA1216277A (en) | 1984-09-07 | 1984-09-07 | Tubing bit opener |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1216277A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4915181A (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1990-04-10 | Jerome Labrosse | Tubing bit opener |
-
1984
- 1984-09-07 CA CA000462683A patent/CA1216277A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4915181A (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1990-04-10 | Jerome Labrosse | Tubing bit opener |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |