CA1262967A - Apparatus and method for the identification of angular pulses - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for the identification of angular pulsesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1262967A CA1262967A CA000523623A CA523623A CA1262967A CA 1262967 A CA1262967 A CA 1262967A CA 000523623 A CA000523623 A CA 000523623A CA 523623 A CA523623 A CA 523623A CA 1262967 A CA1262967 A CA 1262967A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- code
- marks
- angular
- disk
- mark
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/009—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating position or synchronisation signals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P7/00—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices
- F02P7/06—Arrangements of distributors, circuit-makers or -breakers, e.g. of distributor and circuit-breaker combinations or pick-up devices of circuit-makers or -breakers, or pick-up devices adapted to sense particular points of the timing cycle
- F02P7/067—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil
- F02P7/0675—Electromagnetic pick-up devices, e.g. providing induced current in a coil with variable reluctance, e.g. depending on the shape of a tooth
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A timing arrangement incorporates a timing disk having absolute marks arranged about a circle and serving for the identification of the angular position of the shaft of an internal combustion engine. The marks include a code track having code marks and absolute marks, each absolute marks being preceded by a code element comprising a number of code marks.
Each absolute mark is identified by a code section preceding and consisting of two or more code elements.
A timing arrangement incorporates a timing disk having absolute marks arranged about a circle and serving for the identification of the angular position of the shaft of an internal combustion engine. The marks include a code track having code marks and absolute marks, each absolute marks being preceded by a code element comprising a number of code marks.
Each absolute mark is identified by a code section preceding and consisting of two or more code elements.
Description
~2~6J7 BACKGROUND
The invention relates to an apparatus and method for using angular pulses to identify the angular position of a timing disk.
It is necessary, in connection with an electronic fuel injection system, to determined the precise times of points in a cycle where fusl injection events must take place. Such an arrangement is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,284,052, in connection with a microprocessor which identifies the beginning of the fuel iniection and/or ignition cycle. In order to perform its calculation, this control device requires information concerning the current status of the crank shaft which is coupled to the individual cylinders. Aocordingly, the crank shaft is coupled to a timing arrangement in the form of a timing disk which has angular marks at the circumference which are read by a pulse generator so as to supply one pulse per mark.
In ordar to allocate the individual angular marks to a particular point in the cycle, it is necessary to assign a defined shaft position to at least one of the angular pulses, referred to as the absolute pulse. This ls done by an ,additional identifier. To ~ccomplish this, a code element is arranged adjacent each angular mark and the identifier has a number of code marks which are likewise read by a pulse generator to generate code pulses. By this means, each angular pulse is identified by a number of preceding code pulses.
~ he greatest number of code marks per code element, and thus the length of the largest code element, is defined by the number of angular marks which need to be discriminated. It has been found that an adequate number of angular marks cannot be distinguished on a timing disk having a small diameter and having the standard size teeth.
~' . . .. .. . . . . . . . .
6~7 _RIEF DESC'RIPI'ION OF THE INV~'NTION
It is a prlncipal object of the present inventlon to provide an arrangement for developing signals corres~onding to particular locations of a timing disk, in which signlficantly more angular marks are identifia~le as absolute marks with a given size and number of code marks.
The present invention provides apparatus for the identifica~ion of angular pulses comprising in combination:
timing means including a disk coupled to a shaft of an internal combustion engine, said timing disk having a plurality of angular marks distributed about ~he periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by code element angles, a plurality of code sectors distributed about the periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by a plurality of consecutive code elements, ~aid code elements being of variab~e length with at -- least some of said code elements containing one or more cod~
marks, each of said code sec~ors having a unique combina~ion of code marks withi.n its code elements, a pulse generator juxtaposed with said timing disk ~or sensing said angular marks and for producing pulses in response to said angular marks and said code marks, a decoder connected to said pulse generator, said decoder containing a counter for counting code pulses occurring between two successive angular marks, and means connected to said counter for producing one o~` a plurality of signals at the end of every code element to identify an angular marX. It is thus possible to distinguish the number of code pulses associated with the individual code elements, with the assis~ance of the angular marks and absolute marks. A number of absolu~e marks equal to TE 1 can be distinguished with a basic set T o~ di~ferent code elements, where E is the element coun~. Inversely, a basic se~ of T different code elements 6~
203~5-2661 ~hich is equal to the logarithm of the overall mark number M + 1 belongs to a set of M absolute marks, so thak the logarithm is equal to the element count E belonging to every code sector.
When, for example, two code elements (E = 2) are selected per code sector, then a hasic set T of four different numbers of code elements is required for an overall absolute mark number M = 15. Accordingly, the code elements may have 0, 1, 2, 3 code marks, or 1, 2, 3, 4 code marks, etc. In these ins~ances, however, all permutations of four different code elements mus~ be exploited, so that the combination of the ~wo longest code elements must also be exploited. If it is assumed ln the simplest case that all code marks describe the same fundamental angle ~ , in an equidistant arrangement, ~hen the overall length of the greates~ code sector thereof is equal ~o
The invention relates to an apparatus and method for using angular pulses to identify the angular position of a timing disk.
It is necessary, in connection with an electronic fuel injection system, to determined the precise times of points in a cycle where fusl injection events must take place. Such an arrangement is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,284,052, in connection with a microprocessor which identifies the beginning of the fuel iniection and/or ignition cycle. In order to perform its calculation, this control device requires information concerning the current status of the crank shaft which is coupled to the individual cylinders. Aocordingly, the crank shaft is coupled to a timing arrangement in the form of a timing disk which has angular marks at the circumference which are read by a pulse generator so as to supply one pulse per mark.
In ordar to allocate the individual angular marks to a particular point in the cycle, it is necessary to assign a defined shaft position to at least one of the angular pulses, referred to as the absolute pulse. This ls done by an ,additional identifier. To ~ccomplish this, a code element is arranged adjacent each angular mark and the identifier has a number of code marks which are likewise read by a pulse generator to generate code pulses. By this means, each angular pulse is identified by a number of preceding code pulses.
~ he greatest number of code marks per code element, and thus the length of the largest code element, is defined by the number of angular marks which need to be discriminated. It has been found that an adequate number of angular marks cannot be distinguished on a timing disk having a small diameter and having the standard size teeth.
~' . . .. .. . . . . . . . .
6~7 _RIEF DESC'RIPI'ION OF THE INV~'NTION
It is a prlncipal object of the present inventlon to provide an arrangement for developing signals corres~onding to particular locations of a timing disk, in which signlficantly more angular marks are identifia~le as absolute marks with a given size and number of code marks.
The present invention provides apparatus for the identifica~ion of angular pulses comprising in combination:
timing means including a disk coupled to a shaft of an internal combustion engine, said timing disk having a plurality of angular marks distributed about ~he periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by code element angles, a plurality of code sectors distributed about the periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by a plurality of consecutive code elements, ~aid code elements being of variab~e length with at -- least some of said code elements containing one or more cod~
marks, each of said code sec~ors having a unique combina~ion of code marks withi.n its code elements, a pulse generator juxtaposed with said timing disk ~or sensing said angular marks and for producing pulses in response to said angular marks and said code marks, a decoder connected to said pulse generator, said decoder containing a counter for counting code pulses occurring between two successive angular marks, and means connected to said counter for producing one o~` a plurality of signals at the end of every code element to identify an angular marX. It is thus possible to distinguish the number of code pulses associated with the individual code elements, with the assis~ance of the angular marks and absolute marks. A number of absolu~e marks equal to TE 1 can be distinguished with a basic set T o~ di~ferent code elements, where E is the element coun~. Inversely, a basic se~ of T different code elements 6~
203~5-2661 ~hich is equal to the logarithm of the overall mark number M + 1 belongs to a set of M absolute marks, so thak the logarithm is equal to the element count E belonging to every code sector.
When, for example, two code elements (E = 2) are selected per code sector, then a hasic set T of four different numbers of code elements is required for an overall absolute mark number M = 15. Accordingly, the code elements may have 0, 1, 2, 3 code marks, or 1, 2, 3, 4 code marks, etc. In these ins~ances, however, all permutations of four different code elements mus~ be exploited, so that the combination of the ~wo longest code elements must also be exploited. If it is assumed ln the simplest case that all code marks describe the same fundamental angle ~ , in an equidistant arrangement, ~hen the overall length of the greates~ code sector thereof is equal ~o
2 x 5 ~.
A more favorable exploltation o~ the space on the timing disk can be achieved in accordance with a development of the inven~ion, given the same overall mark count M, when one employs an overall set A of fundamental ~uantities which is greater than the previously calculated fundamental set T. In this case, optimally short combinations can be selected fro~
the overall number of different combination possibilities of code elements in order to form the code sectors. Moreover, the latitude of design for the distribution of the angular marks over the circumference o~ the timing disk ls increased considerably. Further, the size of the dead angle per code sector decreases with the number of angular marks.
Fundamentally, the individual code marks can be arbitrarily arranged in the code elements. Preferably, however, all code marks form a code track in which the code ?6'~
~ 365-2661 marks are separated by ~he same fundamental angle a. This allo~rs the individua] an~les of the code elements, and the overall angle of the code sectors, to be large enough so that they can be integrally divided by the ~undamental angle.
The main track with the angle marks and absolute marks, and the code track having the code marks as well as the allocated code sectors, can be arranged such that the angular pulses separatiny the code pulses of neighboring code elemen~s lie between two cocle pulses. In an especially simple embodiment of the invention, the arrangement is selected such that every angular pulse coincides with a code pulse.
The invention also provides apparatus for identifying an annular mark as an absolute mark comprising: a disk adapted to be rotated by an internal combustion engine, said disk having a plurality o~ angular marks irregularly distributed about its periphery, said angular marks separating said disk into plural code elements of clifferent size, extending hetween adjacent angular marks, at least some of said angular marks belng separated by one or more code marks to de~ine the length of said code elements, each plurality of adjacent code elements defining a code sector which is uniquely identified by the sizes of said plurality of adjacent code elements, sensor means for detecting said angular marks and said code marks as said disk rota~es, and means connected to said sensor means and responsive ~hereto for manifesting siynals corresponding ~o consecutive absolute marks as said flisk is rotated.
As in the prior art, the code track can lie on a separate code disk coupled to the timing disk, preferably rotatiny synchronously therewith. The code track, however, can ~e arranyed on the timing disk itself next to the main track.
Accordingly, a code sensor for the code track can also be 4a ~f'~
integrated in-to the same housing with the sensor for the main track.
In a known way, sensors can be employed which function optically, magnatically, or inductively, in cooperation with the corresponding code marks. Tasth at the circumference of a metal disk have proven particularly useful as code marks and/or angular marks, such teeth being relatively sensed with an inductively operating sensor.
An especially advantageous embodiment of the invention is realized in combination with the Hartig pulse generator described in U.S. Patent No. 4,121,112. This operates with a timing disk having teeth of ordinary iron arranged aquidistantly at its circumference, with such teeth having relatively high eddy current losses. The teeth intended to function as absolute mark teeth have significantly lower eddy current losses. For example, they comprise a slot oriented at a right angle relative to the rotational direction, which slot is filled with a material having higher permeability than the material of which the other teeth are formed. Tha sensor evaluates the ratio of magnetic permeability to the electrical conductivity of each tooth. This ratio differs significantly in slotted and unslotted teeth. As a result, the sensor supplies a pulse per tooth, however, the angular pulse caused by a slotted tooth has a significantly greater amplitude, which function is independent o~ the speed of rotation of the disk.
In combination with a four-cycle engine, such a timing disk is preferably arranged on the cam shaft rotating with half the speed of the crank shaft. Howaver, it is also possible to connect the timing disk directly to the crank shaft, and also to employ an auxilliary slgnal generator on the cam shaft. The latter has to supply an output signal (such as a high or H-signal) only during a ~irst revolution, with a low or L-signal y during the following r~volutio~s. An unambiguous distribution o~
the pulses of the timlng disk to the individual cylinders is thus possible with such a signal. In addition, the code pulses can be employed for the identification of the speed of rotation o~ the engine.
In a further modification of the inventlon, the main track having the angular marks and absolute marks can also be arranged on a timing disk connected to the cam shaft, and the code track having the code marks can be arranged on a coding disk connected to the crank shaft.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~E DRAWINGS
Reference will not be made to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the fundamental structure of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
~ ig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation showing the distribution of angular marks and code marks on the teeth;
Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram ill~strating an exemplary ambodiment of the decoder; and Fig. 4 is a sexies o pulse diagrams serving to illustrate operation of the apparatus of Fig. 3.
DESCRIPTlON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referrin~ now to Fig. 1, a circular disk 11 is formed of ordinary iron and is connected for rotation with shaft 10 which is coupled with a cam shaft of an internal combustion engine.
The disk has 54 teeth 12, 13, which are equidistantly arranged at the circumference of the disk, with the lndividual teeth 12 having transverse slots 120 which are filled with a material having a hiyher permeability than the iron of which th0 remainder of the disk ls formed. These teeth havs the function o , ~ . . .
:~2~ 67 2~365-2661 identifying an absolute mark l~1 and are referred to as mark teeth 12. The distance between adjacent teeth, from center to center, is defined by a fundamental angle ~ which amounts to 6 40 minutes, given 54 equally spaced teeth.
Two successive absolute marks 121 identlfied a sector element 122, 123 having a sector anyle ~1 or, respectively, ~2.
Every sector element corresponds with a code element of the same size so that the code angle is equal to the sector angle.
Two successive code elements (element count E=2) respectively form a code sector having an overall angle J~1 or ~2, respectively. A code sector comprising the two pxeceding absolute marks and code elements thus belongs to every absolute mark 121. Every code element angle ~ , code angle and overall sector angle ~ is integrally divisible by the fundamental angle ~without remainder.
The distribution of the code sectors over the circumference of the time disk is determined by the appllcation in which the invention is employed. Herelnafter, the invention will be describecl in connection with a 6 cylinder englne.
Referring to Flgure 2, a chart illustrates the 54 teeth,of the disk 11, which are identified by number in the second lina~ In the third line, a "1" indicates a mark tooth 12 having an absolute mark 121, and a "0" indicates a simple tooth l~
serving as code mark or a code tooth 13. In the first llne, identified wlth a P, the number of 15 discrete pulses (P1 through P15) is indicated above the individual mark tee~h 12.
For code sectors, each having two successive code eIements comprising an overall angle of ~ 1 through d-~ are indicated in the fourth and fifth lines of Figure 2. In the se~uence of code elements illustra~ed in Figure 2, five 6~
different sets of code tee~h are provided having 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 successive code teekh.
The ~im.tng disk 11 has a pulse generator :L4 a~soclated ~ ,~
36t7 with it which colltains a sensor 141 and a discriminator 142. The sensor 141 senses the teeth of the timing disk 11 and evaluates the ratio of electric21 conductivity to magnetic permeability of the teeth, as descri~ed in U.S. Pa-ten* No. 4,121,112. The sensor supplies an output signal S (illustrated in the top line of Fig.
C~ L~ r 4) in the form of one/puise per tooth, with the pulse produced by the mark tooth 12 having a significantly greater amplitude than the code pulses produced by the ordinary code teeth 13. A
discriminator 142 is connected to receive the signal S and discriminates between these two amplitudes and supplies two ou-tputs C and W corresponding to code teeth and mark teeth, respectively. The outputs C and W both represent a timing signal H. Both components of the timing signal H are supplied to a decoder 2 having an element decoder 21 and a sector decodsr 22 and which supplies absolute pulses to di~ferent decoder outputs Pl through P15 allocated to the individual absolute marks.
The basic operation of the coding arrangement of Pig. 2 will be explained with re*ersnce 1to the least favorable case, that is, when the beginning of rotational movement of the timing dlsk 11 finds the sensor 141 in the gap between the mark tooth 12 and the following code tooth 13, namely, at the beginning of the longest code element (6 ~). As soon as tooth 18 having the following absolute mark passes the sensor 141, -the mark pulse produced thereby starts a ccunter ln the decoder ~ which counts the number of code pulses between this absolute mark and the following absolute mark, allocated to the tooth 21. This value ~3 ~) is stored at the time of the following angular pulse. With further rotation of the timing disk, the following code pulses of the teeth 22 through ~5 are counted and this valua (5~) is likewise stored at the time of the angular pulse of the mark tooth 26. The decoder then forms an absolute pulse rom these two stored values and supplies it to a decoder output P allocated ,, .. ,. - :
'7 to the mark tooth 26, namely, P5. In this least favorably case, -the shaft 10 must turn through a dead angle of 93 and 20 minutes (equal to 14 ~) before the first absolute pulse P5 is produced.
However, at this time, an unambiguous allocation of the first injection and/or ignition pulse to the correc-t cylinder is made possible. Above all, a sequential injection can be realized, which positively avoides an injection in the exhaust cycle of a cylinder for example.
An exemplary embodiment of the decoder 2 is illustrated in F~g. 3, which also illu~trates the discriminator 142 of the pulse generator 14 to facilitate understanding of the manner in which it is connected~ The element decoder 21 is connected to receive the C and W pulses, and is essentially comp~sed of a decoding counter 210 having 5 data outputs, corresponding -to the maximum number of code teeth per code element. The counter is incremented by the negative going edge of a counting signal C 210 (Fig. 4). The output of the counter supplies a signal representing the number of cods marks per code elemsnt in the form of a high level on one of the fiva data outputs of the counter, with low signals present at the remaining outputs. The counter receives a reset or a clear signal R 210 via an input R.
For the formation of the count signal C 210, the code ~. .
pulses C and the angu1ar pulses W are edited, with the assistance of two RS flip-flops 211, 212 whose set and reset inputs are each supplied by the output of individual NAND gates. The RS flip-flops are constructed in the known way, by cross coupling inputs and outputs of a pair of NOR gates.
The Q and ~ outputs of the flip-flop 211 are shown in Tig. 4 as Q 211 and Q 211, respectively. The output of the flip-flop 212 is shown as Q 212.
In the present embodiment, two latch elements 221 and 222 are provided, which are connected to each other and to the _g_ .. .
counter 210. The inputs of the latch 221 are connected to corre~ponding outputs of the counter 210, and the output of the counter is latched or stored in the latch 221 wi-th the rising edge of a clock signal Q 211 which is applied to the input L of the latch 221. This stored value is then made available at the outputs of the latch 221 beginning with the negative going edge of the clock signal. Ths inputs of the latch 222 are connected to the output of the latch 221 and operates in corresponding fashion, to store the signal presented to its inputs at the time of the positive going signal applied to the input terminal L. In this way, the output of the counter 210 representing the state of the counter, is stored successlvely in the latches 2~1 and 222, which together manifest the state of the counter 210 at the two preceding clock pulses applied to the terminals L.
The outputs of the two latch elements 221 and 222 are connected to a matrix of AND gates G1 through G15, which functions as a decoder to decode the output siynals P1 - P15 in accordance with discrete combinations of the outputs presented by the latches 221 and 222. In this way, an absolute pulse P1 - P15 is supplied At the end of of each cloc~ slgnal, which is clearly allocated to a particular abso}ute mark 121.
The inputs and outputs of the flip-flops 211, 212 of the element decoder 21 are directly combined with each other, and with the outputs of the counter 210 in the illustrated way, by way of OR gatss ~14 and 215 and a NOR gats 216. This combination generates the clock signal Q 211 ~Fig. 4), with the appearance of every angular pulse W, and with the subsequent generation ~ a reset signal R 210 which resets the counter 210.
During start-up, since only a complete code element should be evaluated, an RS flip-flop 213 supplies a reset pulse for the counter 210 at ~ts output Q in response to a setting input UB which identl~ies the start-up time. This is connected g67 to the reset input of the counter Z10 through the OR gate 215.
This signal is maintained until the time of the first angular pulse W which is applied to the reset input of the flip-flop 213, -terminating its Q output~ Because of the high le~sl on its reset input, the counter 210 does not count code pulses C until after the first angular pulse W. The clock signal Q 211 is then formed coincident with ths following angular pulse at time tl as shown in Fig. 4. ~nd the clock signal Q 211 is supplied to the latch inputs L of the latch units 221 and 222.
With the end of the angular pulse W at time t2, the counter 210 is resat by a reset signal supplied by the NOR gate 216 when neither an angular pulse W is present, nor is there a Q
output from the flip-flop 211.
The negative ~oing edge of a code pulse C which coincides with an angular pulse W should not be counted, and this ~s achieved by maintaining the output of the OR gate 214 high until the positive going edge of the following code pulse C, occuring at time t4 (Fig. 4).
This status of the flip-~lops 211 and 212 is preser~ed until time t5, the time of the next angular pulse W. In the meantime, the counter 210 is enabled and counts the negative signal edges of the count signal C 210. At time t5, only that output of the counter 210 corresponding to the number of code pulses ~n the preceding code element then has a high level and the clock signal Q 211 is then ~enerated with the leading edge of the angular pulse, so that the state of the counter 210 is stored in the first latch element 221, and the previously stored data in ~he first latch is ac epted by the second latch e7ement 222.
With the trailing edge o~ the angular pulse, the counter 210 is again reset, in orde~ to acquire the number of code pulses of the following code element. During this period, the gate array G1 -G15 decodes the appropriate output pulse Pl - P15.
:~2~6~
The latch elem~nt 221 always indicates the number of code pulses in the first code element at its output, and the latch element 222 indicates the number of code pulses in -the second code element for every code sector. The combination of these two numbers changes after every code element, and is th~r~fors a rellable identifier for every code sector, and for the absolute mark associated with it.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that the present invention furnishas a simple and reliabla method and apparatus ~or identifying without ambiguity particular locations on the timing disk. It is apparent that various modificat~ons and additions in the present invention may be made without departing from the essential feature of novelty thereof which are intended to be defined and secured by the appended claims.
A more favorable exploltation o~ the space on the timing disk can be achieved in accordance with a development of the inven~ion, given the same overall mark count M, when one employs an overall set A of fundamental ~uantities which is greater than the previously calculated fundamental set T. In this case, optimally short combinations can be selected fro~
the overall number of different combination possibilities of code elements in order to form the code sectors. Moreover, the latitude of design for the distribution of the angular marks over the circumference o~ the timing disk ls increased considerably. Further, the size of the dead angle per code sector decreases with the number of angular marks.
Fundamentally, the individual code marks can be arbitrarily arranged in the code elements. Preferably, however, all code marks form a code track in which the code ?6'~
~ 365-2661 marks are separated by ~he same fundamental angle a. This allo~rs the individua] an~les of the code elements, and the overall angle of the code sectors, to be large enough so that they can be integrally divided by the ~undamental angle.
The main track with the angle marks and absolute marks, and the code track having the code marks as well as the allocated code sectors, can be arranged such that the angular pulses separatiny the code pulses of neighboring code elemen~s lie between two cocle pulses. In an especially simple embodiment of the invention, the arrangement is selected such that every angular pulse coincides with a code pulse.
The invention also provides apparatus for identifying an annular mark as an absolute mark comprising: a disk adapted to be rotated by an internal combustion engine, said disk having a plurality o~ angular marks irregularly distributed about its periphery, said angular marks separating said disk into plural code elements of clifferent size, extending hetween adjacent angular marks, at least some of said angular marks belng separated by one or more code marks to de~ine the length of said code elements, each plurality of adjacent code elements defining a code sector which is uniquely identified by the sizes of said plurality of adjacent code elements, sensor means for detecting said angular marks and said code marks as said disk rota~es, and means connected to said sensor means and responsive ~hereto for manifesting siynals corresponding ~o consecutive absolute marks as said flisk is rotated.
As in the prior art, the code track can lie on a separate code disk coupled to the timing disk, preferably rotatiny synchronously therewith. The code track, however, can ~e arranyed on the timing disk itself next to the main track.
Accordingly, a code sensor for the code track can also be 4a ~f'~
integrated in-to the same housing with the sensor for the main track.
In a known way, sensors can be employed which function optically, magnatically, or inductively, in cooperation with the corresponding code marks. Tasth at the circumference of a metal disk have proven particularly useful as code marks and/or angular marks, such teeth being relatively sensed with an inductively operating sensor.
An especially advantageous embodiment of the invention is realized in combination with the Hartig pulse generator described in U.S. Patent No. 4,121,112. This operates with a timing disk having teeth of ordinary iron arranged aquidistantly at its circumference, with such teeth having relatively high eddy current losses. The teeth intended to function as absolute mark teeth have significantly lower eddy current losses. For example, they comprise a slot oriented at a right angle relative to the rotational direction, which slot is filled with a material having higher permeability than the material of which the other teeth are formed. Tha sensor evaluates the ratio of magnetic permeability to the electrical conductivity of each tooth. This ratio differs significantly in slotted and unslotted teeth. As a result, the sensor supplies a pulse per tooth, however, the angular pulse caused by a slotted tooth has a significantly greater amplitude, which function is independent o~ the speed of rotation of the disk.
In combination with a four-cycle engine, such a timing disk is preferably arranged on the cam shaft rotating with half the speed of the crank shaft. Howaver, it is also possible to connect the timing disk directly to the crank shaft, and also to employ an auxilliary slgnal generator on the cam shaft. The latter has to supply an output signal (such as a high or H-signal) only during a ~irst revolution, with a low or L-signal y during the following r~volutio~s. An unambiguous distribution o~
the pulses of the timlng disk to the individual cylinders is thus possible with such a signal. In addition, the code pulses can be employed for the identification of the speed of rotation o~ the engine.
In a further modification of the inventlon, the main track having the angular marks and absolute marks can also be arranged on a timing disk connected to the cam shaft, and the code track having the code marks can be arranged on a coding disk connected to the crank shaft.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF T~E DRAWINGS
Reference will not be made to the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic illustration of the fundamental structure of an illustrative embodiment of the present invention;
~ ig. 2 is a diagrammatic representation showing the distribution of angular marks and code marks on the teeth;
Fig. 3 is a functional block diagram ill~strating an exemplary ambodiment of the decoder; and Fig. 4 is a sexies o pulse diagrams serving to illustrate operation of the apparatus of Fig. 3.
DESCRIPTlON OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referrin~ now to Fig. 1, a circular disk 11 is formed of ordinary iron and is connected for rotation with shaft 10 which is coupled with a cam shaft of an internal combustion engine.
The disk has 54 teeth 12, 13, which are equidistantly arranged at the circumference of the disk, with the lndividual teeth 12 having transverse slots 120 which are filled with a material having a hiyher permeability than the iron of which th0 remainder of the disk ls formed. These teeth havs the function o , ~ . . .
:~2~ 67 2~365-2661 identifying an absolute mark l~1 and are referred to as mark teeth 12. The distance between adjacent teeth, from center to center, is defined by a fundamental angle ~ which amounts to 6 40 minutes, given 54 equally spaced teeth.
Two successive absolute marks 121 identlfied a sector element 122, 123 having a sector anyle ~1 or, respectively, ~2.
Every sector element corresponds with a code element of the same size so that the code angle is equal to the sector angle.
Two successive code elements (element count E=2) respectively form a code sector having an overall angle J~1 or ~2, respectively. A code sector comprising the two pxeceding absolute marks and code elements thus belongs to every absolute mark 121. Every code element angle ~ , code angle and overall sector angle ~ is integrally divisible by the fundamental angle ~without remainder.
The distribution of the code sectors over the circumference of the time disk is determined by the appllcation in which the invention is employed. Herelnafter, the invention will be describecl in connection with a 6 cylinder englne.
Referring to Flgure 2, a chart illustrates the 54 teeth,of the disk 11, which are identified by number in the second lina~ In the third line, a "1" indicates a mark tooth 12 having an absolute mark 121, and a "0" indicates a simple tooth l~
serving as code mark or a code tooth 13. In the first llne, identified wlth a P, the number of 15 discrete pulses (P1 through P15) is indicated above the individual mark tee~h 12.
For code sectors, each having two successive code eIements comprising an overall angle of ~ 1 through d-~ are indicated in the fourth and fifth lines of Figure 2. In the se~uence of code elements illustra~ed in Figure 2, five 6~
different sets of code tee~h are provided having 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 successive code teekh.
The ~im.tng disk 11 has a pulse generator :L4 a~soclated ~ ,~
36t7 with it which colltains a sensor 141 and a discriminator 142. The sensor 141 senses the teeth of the timing disk 11 and evaluates the ratio of electric21 conductivity to magnetic permeability of the teeth, as descri~ed in U.S. Pa-ten* No. 4,121,112. The sensor supplies an output signal S (illustrated in the top line of Fig.
C~ L~ r 4) in the form of one/puise per tooth, with the pulse produced by the mark tooth 12 having a significantly greater amplitude than the code pulses produced by the ordinary code teeth 13. A
discriminator 142 is connected to receive the signal S and discriminates between these two amplitudes and supplies two ou-tputs C and W corresponding to code teeth and mark teeth, respectively. The outputs C and W both represent a timing signal H. Both components of the timing signal H are supplied to a decoder 2 having an element decoder 21 and a sector decodsr 22 and which supplies absolute pulses to di~ferent decoder outputs Pl through P15 allocated to the individual absolute marks.
The basic operation of the coding arrangement of Pig. 2 will be explained with re*ersnce 1to the least favorable case, that is, when the beginning of rotational movement of the timing dlsk 11 finds the sensor 141 in the gap between the mark tooth 12 and the following code tooth 13, namely, at the beginning of the longest code element (6 ~). As soon as tooth 18 having the following absolute mark passes the sensor 141, -the mark pulse produced thereby starts a ccunter ln the decoder ~ which counts the number of code pulses between this absolute mark and the following absolute mark, allocated to the tooth 21. This value ~3 ~) is stored at the time of the following angular pulse. With further rotation of the timing disk, the following code pulses of the teeth 22 through ~5 are counted and this valua (5~) is likewise stored at the time of the angular pulse of the mark tooth 26. The decoder then forms an absolute pulse rom these two stored values and supplies it to a decoder output P allocated ,, .. ,. - :
'7 to the mark tooth 26, namely, P5. In this least favorably case, -the shaft 10 must turn through a dead angle of 93 and 20 minutes (equal to 14 ~) before the first absolute pulse P5 is produced.
However, at this time, an unambiguous allocation of the first injection and/or ignition pulse to the correc-t cylinder is made possible. Above all, a sequential injection can be realized, which positively avoides an injection in the exhaust cycle of a cylinder for example.
An exemplary embodiment of the decoder 2 is illustrated in F~g. 3, which also illu~trates the discriminator 142 of the pulse generator 14 to facilitate understanding of the manner in which it is connected~ The element decoder 21 is connected to receive the C and W pulses, and is essentially comp~sed of a decoding counter 210 having 5 data outputs, corresponding -to the maximum number of code teeth per code element. The counter is incremented by the negative going edge of a counting signal C 210 (Fig. 4). The output of the counter supplies a signal representing the number of cods marks per code elemsnt in the form of a high level on one of the fiva data outputs of the counter, with low signals present at the remaining outputs. The counter receives a reset or a clear signal R 210 via an input R.
For the formation of the count signal C 210, the code ~. .
pulses C and the angu1ar pulses W are edited, with the assistance of two RS flip-flops 211, 212 whose set and reset inputs are each supplied by the output of individual NAND gates. The RS flip-flops are constructed in the known way, by cross coupling inputs and outputs of a pair of NOR gates.
The Q and ~ outputs of the flip-flop 211 are shown in Tig. 4 as Q 211 and Q 211, respectively. The output of the flip-flop 212 is shown as Q 212.
In the present embodiment, two latch elements 221 and 222 are provided, which are connected to each other and to the _g_ .. .
counter 210. The inputs of the latch 221 are connected to corre~ponding outputs of the counter 210, and the output of the counter is latched or stored in the latch 221 wi-th the rising edge of a clock signal Q 211 which is applied to the input L of the latch 221. This stored value is then made available at the outputs of the latch 221 beginning with the negative going edge of the clock signal. Ths inputs of the latch 222 are connected to the output of the latch 221 and operates in corresponding fashion, to store the signal presented to its inputs at the time of the positive going signal applied to the input terminal L. In this way, the output of the counter 210 representing the state of the counter, is stored successlvely in the latches 2~1 and 222, which together manifest the state of the counter 210 at the two preceding clock pulses applied to the terminals L.
The outputs of the two latch elements 221 and 222 are connected to a matrix of AND gates G1 through G15, which functions as a decoder to decode the output siynals P1 - P15 in accordance with discrete combinations of the outputs presented by the latches 221 and 222. In this way, an absolute pulse P1 - P15 is supplied At the end of of each cloc~ slgnal, which is clearly allocated to a particular abso}ute mark 121.
The inputs and outputs of the flip-flops 211, 212 of the element decoder 21 are directly combined with each other, and with the outputs of the counter 210 in the illustrated way, by way of OR gatss ~14 and 215 and a NOR gats 216. This combination generates the clock signal Q 211 ~Fig. 4), with the appearance of every angular pulse W, and with the subsequent generation ~ a reset signal R 210 which resets the counter 210.
During start-up, since only a complete code element should be evaluated, an RS flip-flop 213 supplies a reset pulse for the counter 210 at ~ts output Q in response to a setting input UB which identl~ies the start-up time. This is connected g67 to the reset input of the counter Z10 through the OR gate 215.
This signal is maintained until the time of the first angular pulse W which is applied to the reset input of the flip-flop 213, -terminating its Q output~ Because of the high le~sl on its reset input, the counter 210 does not count code pulses C until after the first angular pulse W. The clock signal Q 211 is then formed coincident with ths following angular pulse at time tl as shown in Fig. 4. ~nd the clock signal Q 211 is supplied to the latch inputs L of the latch units 221 and 222.
With the end of the angular pulse W at time t2, the counter 210 is resat by a reset signal supplied by the NOR gate 216 when neither an angular pulse W is present, nor is there a Q
output from the flip-flop 211.
The negative ~oing edge of a code pulse C which coincides with an angular pulse W should not be counted, and this ~s achieved by maintaining the output of the OR gate 214 high until the positive going edge of the following code pulse C, occuring at time t4 (Fig. 4).
This status of the flip-~lops 211 and 212 is preser~ed until time t5, the time of the next angular pulse W. In the meantime, the counter 210 is enabled and counts the negative signal edges of the count signal C 210. At time t5, only that output of the counter 210 corresponding to the number of code pulses ~n the preceding code element then has a high level and the clock signal Q 211 is then ~enerated with the leading edge of the angular pulse, so that the state of the counter 210 is stored in the first latch element 221, and the previously stored data in ~he first latch is ac epted by the second latch e7ement 222.
With the trailing edge o~ the angular pulse, the counter 210 is again reset, in orde~ to acquire the number of code pulses of the following code element. During this period, the gate array G1 -G15 decodes the appropriate output pulse Pl - P15.
:~2~6~
The latch elem~nt 221 always indicates the number of code pulses in the first code element at its output, and the latch element 222 indicates the number of code pulses in -the second code element for every code sector. The combination of these two numbers changes after every code element, and is th~r~fors a rellable identifier for every code sector, and for the absolute mark associated with it.
It will be appreciated from the foregoing that the present invention furnishas a simple and reliabla method and apparatus ~or identifying without ambiguity particular locations on the timing disk. It is apparent that various modificat~ons and additions in the present invention may be made without departing from the essential feature of novelty thereof which are intended to be defined and secured by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. Apparatus fox the identification of angular pulses comprising in combination:
timing means including a disk coupled to a shaft of an internal combustion engine, said timing disk having a plurality of angular marks distributed about the periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by code element angles, a plurality of code sectors distributed about the periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by a plurality of consecutive code elements, said code elements being of variable length with at least some of said code elements containing one or more code marks, each of said code sectors having a unique combination of code marks within its code elements, a pulse generator juxtaposed with said timing disk for sensing said angular marks and for producing pulses in response to said angular marks and said code marks, a decoder connected to said pulse generator, said decoder containing a counter for counting code pulses occurring between two successive angular marks, and means connected to said counter for producing one of a plurality of signals at the end of every code element to identify an angular mark.
timing means including a disk coupled to a shaft of an internal combustion engine, said timing disk having a plurality of angular marks distributed about the periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by code element angles, a plurality of code sectors distributed about the periphery of said timing disk at intervals defined by a plurality of consecutive code elements, said code elements being of variable length with at least some of said code elements containing one or more code marks, each of said code sectors having a unique combination of code marks within its code elements, a pulse generator juxtaposed with said timing disk for sensing said angular marks and for producing pulses in response to said angular marks and said code marks, a decoder connected to said pulse generator, said decoder containing a counter for counting code pulses occurring between two successive angular marks, and means connected to said counter for producing one of a plurality of signals at the end of every code element to identify an angular mark.
2. Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each angular mark has its own code sector on said timing disk, and all code sectors have the same number of code elements, said code elements containing different combinations of code marks.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a total set (A) of different code elements is provided equal to or greater than the logarithm of the overall number of angular marks plus one (M+1), to form a basis which is equal to the number (E) of code elements associated with each code sector.
4. Apparatus according to claim 3, including a code sensor for said pulse generator for sensing each code mark, and a main sensor for sensing the angular marks on said timing disk.
5. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said timing disk has a plurality of teeth composed of ferro magnetic material of identical width and arranged equidistantly about its circumference as code marks, individual ones of said teeth serving as angular marks and having lower eddy current losses than the remaining teeth, and wherein said pulse generator comprises a single sensor evaluating the ratio of magnetic permeability to electrical conductivity for each tooth, and supplies, as output signals, a first series of signals with one pulse per tooth, and a second series of signals with one pulse per angular mark tooth, said second series of signals having a significantly greater amplitude than said first series of signals, and including a discriminator responsive to #aid first and second series signals for separating said first series of signals from said second series of signals.
6. Apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said decoder contains an element decoder and a segment decoder, said element decoder comprising a counter for counting code marks between two successive angular marks, a plurality of latch elements connected to said counter for storing the state of said counter corresponding to successive angular marks, and means connected to the outputs of said latch elements for generating one of a plurality of absolute pulses corresponding to the individual states of said latches following the occurrence of each angular mark.
7. Apparatus for identifying an angular mark as an absolute mark comprising:
a disk adapted to be rotated by an internal combustion engine, said disk having a plurality of angular marks irregularly distributed about its periphery, said angular marks separating said disk into plural code elements of different size, extending between adjacent angular marks, at least some of said angular marks being separated by one or more code marks to define the length of said code elements, each plurality of adjacent code elements defining a code sector which is uniquely identified by the sizes of said plurality of adjacent code elements, sensor means for detecting said angular marks and said code marks as said disk rotates, and means connected to said sensor means and responsive thereto for manifesting signals corresponding to consecutive absolute marks as said disk is rotated.
a disk adapted to be rotated by an internal combustion engine, said disk having a plurality of angular marks irregularly distributed about its periphery, said angular marks separating said disk into plural code elements of different size, extending between adjacent angular marks, at least some of said angular marks being separated by one or more code marks to define the length of said code elements, each plurality of adjacent code elements defining a code sector which is uniquely identified by the sizes of said plurality of adjacent code elements, sensor means for detecting said angular marks and said code marks as said disk rotates, and means connected to said sensor means and responsive thereto for manifesting signals corresponding to consecutive absolute marks as said disk is rotated.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3541624.6 | 1985-11-25 | ||
| DE19853541624 DE3541624A1 (en) | 1985-11-25 | 1985-11-25 | ARRANGEMENT FOR IDENTIFYING ANGLE IMPULSES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1262967A true CA1262967A (en) | 1989-11-14 |
Family
ID=6286766
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000523623A Expired CA1262967A (en) | 1985-11-25 | 1986-11-24 | Apparatus and method for the identification of angular pulses |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4760827A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0225528B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS62142222A (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE38413T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1262967A (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3541624A1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2004319B3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3634587A1 (en) * | 1986-10-10 | 1988-04-14 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | IGNITION SYSTEM FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES |
| US5222022A (en) * | 1986-12-01 | 1993-06-22 | Woodward Governor Company | Method and apparatus for iterated determinations of sensed speed and speed governing |
| JPH0174376U (en) * | 1987-11-09 | 1989-05-19 | ||
| JPH0672567B2 (en) * | 1988-03-18 | 1994-09-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Angle detector for internal combustion engine |
| JPH01305163A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1989-12-08 | Fuji Heavy Ind Ltd | Ignition timing control device of engine |
| JPH0715279B2 (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1995-02-22 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Ignition timing control device |
| DE3900866C2 (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 2001-11-22 | Heimeier Gmbh Metall Theodor | Arrangement for controlling a heating or cooling medium |
| US5549090A (en) * | 1990-07-31 | 1996-08-27 | Blount; David H. | Electronic ignition system for combustion engines |
| DE4039062C1 (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1992-06-04 | Vogt Electronic Ag, 8391 Obernzell, De | |
| WO1993009393A1 (en) * | 1991-11-06 | 1993-05-13 | Orbital Engine Company (Australia) Pty. Limited | Method and apparatus for determining position of a body in cyclic movement |
| US5287839A (en) * | 1991-12-30 | 1994-02-22 | Kokusan Denki Co., Ltd. | Fuel injection equipment for internal combustion engine |
| US5264789A (en) * | 1992-07-27 | 1993-11-23 | Eaton Corporation | Method of determining the direction of rotation of a member using a rotor having a predetermined pattern of exciter surfaces |
| FR2738286B1 (en) * | 1995-09-06 | 1997-11-14 | Peugeot | DEVICE FOR DETECTING THE OPERATING CYCLE OF AN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH MULTIPLE CYLINDERS |
| GB2317705B (en) * | 1996-09-30 | 2000-10-04 | Cummins Engine Co Inc | A control system,an internal combustion engine system,and a tone wheel |
| US5965806A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-10-12 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Engine crankshaft sensing system |
| US6131547A (en) | 1998-02-27 | 2000-10-17 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Electronic engine speed and position apparatus for camshaft gear applications |
| US6404188B1 (en) * | 1998-03-19 | 2002-06-11 | Honeywell Inc | Single geartooth sensor yielding multiple output pulse trains |
| JP3788687B2 (en) * | 1998-06-15 | 2006-06-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Cylinder identification device for internal combustion engine |
| DE19929291A1 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2000-12-28 | Volkswagen Ag | Four-stroke internal combustion engine with semi-sequential fuel injection has reference marks evenly distributed in groups of at least two per group to rotate synchronism with camshaft |
| KR100337359B1 (en) * | 1999-12-15 | 2002-05-21 | 이계안 | Method and “d”range back drive holding system for vehicle |
| DE10006467A1 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Ag | Internal combustion engine crankshaft has toothed wheel with some teeth periodically machine dynamically less loaded with different profile from remaining teeth to form pulse wheel |
| DE102005047009A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-04-05 | Bosch Rexroth Mechatronics Gmbh | Absolute position measuring system |
| DE502008002501D1 (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2011-03-10 | Pepperl & Fuchs | INDUCTIVE TRANSMITTER, CODING DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING A POSITION OF A FIRST OBJECT RELATIVE TO A SECOND OBJECT |
| DE102011078717A1 (en) | 2011-07-06 | 2013-01-10 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Device for measuring angle and angular velocity or path and velocity |
| DE102013102371B4 (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2022-02-03 | Danfoss Power Solutions Gmbh & Co. Ohg | Signal generator for a rotary movement measuring arrangement |
| US11085394B2 (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2021-08-10 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Engine |
| US11131567B2 (en) | 2019-02-08 | 2021-09-28 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Systems and methods for error detection in crankshaft tooth encoding |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH608150A5 (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1978-12-15 | Hartig Gunter | |
| DE2849473A1 (en) * | 1978-11-15 | 1980-08-07 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | DEVICE FOR GENERATING A MOTOR PROCESS OF THE CRANKSHAFT OF A MULTI-CYLINDRICAL FOUR-STROKE COMBUSTION ENGINE CHARACTERISTIC OUTPUT SIGNAL |
| US4284052A (en) * | 1979-08-23 | 1981-08-18 | The Bendix Corporation | Sequential injector timing apparatus |
| DE3131121C2 (en) * | 1981-08-06 | 1984-11-15 | Atlas Fahrzeugtechnik GmbH, 5980 Werdohl | Tooth rim with a marked tooth tip |
| JPS5870052A (en) * | 1981-10-22 | 1983-04-26 | Kokusan Denki Co Ltd | Ignition timing controlling device for use in multicylindrical internal-combustion engine |
-
1985
- 1985-11-25 DE DE19853541624 patent/DE3541624A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1986
- 1986-11-21 AT AT86116175T patent/ATE38413T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-11-21 DE DE8686116175T patent/DE3661094D1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-11-21 JP JP61279517A patent/JPS62142222A/en active Pending
- 1986-11-21 EP EP86116175A patent/EP0225528B1/en not_active Expired
- 1986-11-21 ES ES86116175T patent/ES2004319B3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-11-24 CA CA000523623A patent/CA1262967A/en not_active Expired
- 1986-11-25 US US06/934,702 patent/US4760827A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2004319B3 (en) | 1991-12-16 |
| US4760827A (en) | 1988-08-02 |
| DE3661094D1 (en) | 1988-12-08 |
| DE3541624A1 (en) | 1987-05-27 |
| ATE38413T1 (en) | 1988-11-15 |
| EP0225528B1 (en) | 1988-11-02 |
| JPS62142222A (en) | 1987-06-25 |
| EP0225528A1 (en) | 1987-06-16 |
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