CA1287503C - Device and method for testing bottle-shaped containers - Google Patents

Device and method for testing bottle-shaped containers

Info

Publication number
CA1287503C
CA1287503C CA000517344A CA517344A CA1287503C CA 1287503 C CA1287503 C CA 1287503C CA 000517344 A CA000517344 A CA 000517344A CA 517344 A CA517344 A CA 517344A CA 1287503 C CA1287503 C CA 1287503C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
piston
testing
bottle
container
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA000517344A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Martin Lehmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1287503C publication Critical patent/CA1287503C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/26Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
    • G01M3/32Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
    • G01M3/3218Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators for flexible or elastic containers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07CPOSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3404Sorting according to other particular properties according to properties of containers or receptacles, e.g. rigidity, leaks, fill-level
    • B07C5/3408Sorting according to other particular properties according to properties of containers or receptacles, e.g. rigidity, leaks, fill-level for bottles, jars or other glassware
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/36Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting change in dimensions of the structure being tested
    • G01M3/366Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting change in dimensions of the structure being tested by isolating only a part of the structure being tested

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE

A device and method for testing bottle-shaped containers employ a piston and cylinder arrangement comprising two pistons which are operable to effect simultaneous or successive tests for different properties on one of the containers while the container and the cylinders of the arrangement remain in an unchanging test position. The two pistons are coaxially arranged in respective cylindrical chambers within a common cylinder and are operatively connected by a piston rod. The stroke lengths of the piston are unequal. By this means, containers intended to be filled with liquid products and made of plastics material can be tested before they are filled in order to quickly and reliably detect rejects, e.g. with respect to dimensions, upset strength, tightness and the like, before a filling operation.

Description

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The present invention relates to a testing device, in particular for bottle-shaped containers, which is constructed as a piston/cylinder aggregation, and to a method for the testing of, in particular, bottle-shaped containers comprising essentially plastics material.
In the course of the continuous increase in efficiency, efforts are made to enable certain processes to be performed in ever shorter times in order to make a process, for example in the packaging industry, ever less costly in time and thus economically or monetarily.
It has in this sense been shown that in the packaglng industry the performance of individual work operations involves not only excess space but also excess time since the throughput time, for example in the conserve industry, from th~ checking of the empty containers to the checking subsequent to labelling requires too long a proce~sing path and too long a processing time. ~
The present invention is intended, in this sense, to ~lmplify the present situation in the sense that containers, especially those intended to be filled with liquid products, and the majority of which advantageously i ~
comprise plastics material, can be tested before they are fil~led~ wlth ;ll~quid products in order to quickly and ~ ~unambiguously detect the rejects, for example in respect of dimensloning~, upset strength, sealing and thé like :

For such containers, in particular plastics material bottles, it is known to determine the strength thereof with the aid of an upset device. Such testing machines, which operate with spindle drives or simple pistons, are known~ Thereafter, the tightness, for example, was subsequently tested in a further machine.
In this manner, not only were two different devices or machines required but also a corresponding amount of tlme for displacing the testpieces and for performing the corresponding testing.
The present invention is intended to provide an improvement in this respect in order to effect such testing more simply ln every respect, i.e. with respect to the space requirement, time requirement and machine reguirement.
According to the present invention, there is provided a testing device for bottle-shaped containers, :
which is constructed as a piston/cylinder aggregation, wherein`the;device comprises pistons for testing different ~properti0s of the containers at an unchanging position of the~containers and the cylinders.
; ~ ~lso~according to the invention, there is ;~provided a~ method ;for the testing of bottle-shaped ~ containers~comprising essentially plastics material, oompris~ing`~br~inging a container and a testing device into a testlnq~posltioa and subsequently testing different properties~ of the container while ~eeping the container :~ ~
and the testing~device in the testing position.

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:: .';: ,' ~ ' . :. ' .' :, .' , , , , ' i7~ 3 - 2a -In a preferred embodiment there is provided a method for testing the properties o~ bottle-shaped contain0rs, characterised in that to test the.properties the container is s subjected to a compression process while substantially maintaining the ambient pressure in the interior thereof by means of a pneumatically-moved, piston-like, springless member, it being possible to adjust the gas pressure and hence the desired compression force.
10In another preferred embodiment there is provided a testing installation for bottle-shaped containers, characterised in that it has at least one piston/cylinder unit having two separate pistons which can be actively connected ;
without a spring and are individually pneumatically operable, adjus~ing means being provided to alter the gas pressure and hence compression force and/or leakage test pressure.

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, An embodiment o~ the invention is described below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:-Fig.l shows the schematic construction of a testing installation for the testing of the up~et strength and for the testing of the tightness of bottles manufactured from plastics material, and Fig. 2 shows an axial section through a testing device as employed in an installation according to Fig.

In Fig. l there is illustrated a testing installation for the testing of bottle-shaped containers of plastics material. In a testing yo~e, which can be arranged on a rotating or linearly moving feed path, there can be seen a testpiece 1n the form of a bottle 4 comprising a simple bottle with a neck 5~. In the upper yoke ~arm of the testing~ yoke 3 there is fixed a testing device 7. This~ device is constructed as a piston/cylinder aggregat1on.~The operation of this testing device 7 is effected by means of compresaed air, a compressed air ~connection 9 with~a pressure regulator lO being provided ~for~regula~ting the~air pressure required for determining ~ ~the~tightness of the~bottle~4. The air presaure, regulated ~ ~ in this way,~arrivés~through a~supply duct ll at a 3/2-way ~valve~;13~ which lS~ ac actuatable~that the following duct, whi~ch~is ~provided with a manometer 14, is either supplied : , , ,:
:, : :':: :i " :::' '' ' 50~

with ai~ or vents exhaust air from the testing device to the atmosphere.
The installation further comprises a limit sensor 17, which enters into opera~ion when the bottle 4, on the neck S of which an axial pressure is exerted, does not possess the required upset.strength and thereEore the corresponding part of the testing device 7 descends and thus actuates the limit sensor. The limit sensor, actuated in thls way, ensures that during urther movement the corresponding bottle 4 is deflected as a reject.
In a duct parallel to the supply duct there is located a pressure regulator 20 for regulating the adjustable tightness testing pressure to which the bottle 4 is subjected in the manner described below. A supply duct 21 extends to a manometer 22 and to a 4/2-way valve 23. Qne of the connections of this valve 23 serves to ~attach a supply duct 25 for effecting the closure of the bottle for the tightness~testing thereof by means of compressed ~air, while the second supply duct 26 supplies the compressed alr for the return of the testing device into it's initial position.
:
~ The testing device 7, which is shown in Fig~ 2 ::
n an~enlarged~scale, includes an upper cylindrical ~ houslng 30~and a~lower cylindrical housing 31. The upper cylin~drical housing 30 is closed by means of a cylindrical ~end~cover ~32~. The two cylindrlcal housings 30 and 31 are screwed;together by a connecting nipple 34, The lower ` cylindrical cover 31 is closed by means of a cylindrical ::

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nipp~e 35. The end of this nipple 35 is provided with a thread so that the device 7 can be secured in the upper yoke arm 6 with the aid of a securing ring 37 and a locking ring 38.
s The cylindrical cover 32 is provided with a central compressed air connection boring 40 which extends into the interior of the cylindrical housing 30, in which . . :
an upper piston 41 is slidably arranged. The piston 41 is provided with an inner piston rod 42 having a free end sur~ace 43. $he piston 41 is sealed relative to the cylindrical housing 30 by a lip seal ring 44 and an O-ring 45. The piston rod 42 extends into an upper guide bushing 47, which is inserted into the connecting nipple 34 and is provided wlth an O-ring seal 48. A compressed air passage 50 located laterally in the connecting nipple 34 is provided with a connection nipple 51 through which compressed air can be fed from the supply duct 11. The connecting:nipple 34 further has a vent passage 52 which opens i~nto the:cylindrical space of the upper cylindrical housing~30. : ; -.
: ~Beneath the:connecting nipple 34 there is a lower: piston :53: provided with a piston rod 54, which :~ ~plston:53 lS~ equipped wlth two lip seal rings 55 and 56.
Th~e cylindrical connecting nipple 35 has a ~:lateral;~compressed a~Lr passage sa with a nipple 59 which ~is~sealed~by means of an O-ring 60. The piston rod 54 is :
guided~i~n~a~ lower guide bushing:62 with an O-ring seal 63 in~the cyl~indrical;connection nipple 35. ~ :

. . :, .~ ~, , , . . , . ~, . . . .

~ ~f~7S(:~3 The lower end of the piston rod 54 is formed as a threaded pin, which serves to retain a connection head 65, into a threaded opening 66 of which the threaded pin is screwed. Two passages, namely a compressed air passage 67 and a connection opening 68 for a manometer, extend radially at one side of the head 65. The two passages are connected to one another by a longitudinal passage. This longitudinal passage opens in turn into a lower threaded opening in the connection head 65 and serves to receive a connection cap 70, which in turn retains a sleeve 72 with a longitudinal opening 73 with the help of a threaded pin 76, so that the compressed air passage 67 can supply air through the longitudinal passage 73 o the sleeve 72 into a central opèning of a caliber measurement head 71. An inner seal surf~ace 75 is provided for abutment e.g. during the performance of the tightness testing, for abutment against the closure~edge of the bottle neck 5.
~ If the b~ot~t~le~4 is to undergo a tightness test, then; the vaLve 23~ is adjusted so that the compressed air arrives through the supply duct 25 ~and the compressed air~ `
connection passage 40 on;to the free front face of the upper~piston 41 ~and displaaes the latter downwardly.
`` ~Consequently, ~the~;Eace 43 on the free end of the piston ~rod~42 pushes~agai~nst the face 43 on the free surface of ~ the~low~er~ pi~st~on ;53, sb~ that it pushes the latter, together;~ with~ it's~piston~rod 54 and the parts attached thereto,~ downwardly~. Consequently, the caliber measuring head~71 arrive~s l~n the bottle neck 5 and tests the passage ~ ~37~03 therethrough. Then the sealing surface 75 of the connection cap 70 arrives at the upper edge of the bottle neck S. During this movement, the upper piston 41 arrives at it's lower abutment position. In this position, the sealing surface 75 rests with a predetermined, adjustable pressure against the free edge of the bottle neck S, so that the interior of the bottle is sealed relative to the exterior. By appropriate control, the compressed air now arrives through the passages 67 and 73 into the interior of the bottle and the latter is filled with air~ whereby the final pressure must be maintained for a predetermined time so that the bottle can be passed as tight. An appropriate control ensures the rejection of leaky bottles. These controls, which are known, do not form the subject matter of the present invention and are therefore not described in detaiI.
For testing the upset resistance of the bottle S, corresponding~ compressed air a~rrives through the supply duct 11 and the nipple 15 and through the passage 50 into the ~interior of the connecti~ng nipple 34, where it acts on the free piston surface of the lower piston 53 opposite the surface 43. By thi6 movement,; as during the tightness testing, the seallng face 75 of the connection cap again ~;come6~to abut against the edge of the bottle neck 5. There `25 ~ ;~is~ther~eby~exerted on~ the edge of the bottle a force, acting in the ~direction of the longi~udinal axis of the ~bottle 4,~ which is substantially hlgher than that required ~-~
for~ sealing. In thi~s way the bottle i6 subjected to an ~:'' - ' `': ~'"',''.'.,'.'.' ',' '.. ''"' '., ,., ,' ' ': ,' '' ' ' .':', ,, .. -" ,, : , . .. , , , . : - . :

~2B7503 upset test. If the manufacture of the bottle is satisfactory, then it withstands this upset pressure. If the bottle is faulty, for example ~ue to a wall thickness which is too thin or to an unevenly distributed wall thickness or the like, then.it does not withstand the force which is exerted on it and it buckles. Subject to the correspondingly large stroke of the lower piston 53, upon buckIing of the bottle 5 the closure cap 70 comes into contact with the limit sensor and, as described, causes the rejection operation.
For the return of the two pistons 41 and 53, the supply duat 26 is supplied with compressed air (connection as shown in Fig. 1) which returns the piston 53 and, pushed in front of it, the piston rod 42 with the piston 41 back Into the upper abutment position as shown in Fig.
2. The corresponding cylindrical space is thereby vented by the passage 50, the valve 13, as shown in Fig. 1, being switched over so as to be switched to "exhaust".
Correspondingly, through the duct 25 air is expelled as - 20 shown by~the valve 23. In order to prevent the formation of a ~sub-atmospheric pressure in the upper cylindrical space, air flows through the ventilating passage 52 from the~atmosphere into the interior of the cylinder.
Tlghtn~ess~ testing and upset testlng can be ~25~ ~ effected in any manner freely selected in succession or together. In order to ensure the independence of the two tests, the stroke of the upper piston is therefore smaller, for example by about 20mm, than that of the lower : ~
~,.

, , , . . , . . :

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t7~ri03 piston 53. In that respect, it must basically be ensured that the magnitude of the upset force, which~is to be set as the limit force, must be higher with the interior superatmospheric pressure within the bottle, i.e~during the simultaneous carrying out of the tightness testing, than that with during normal pressure prevailing within the bottle. This circumstance can however be taken into account by appropriate adjustment of the pressure actuating of the pistons.
If the two test are to be effected successively, for example firstly the upset testing and then the tightness testing operation, then after effecting the upset testing, the upset piston must be released, which follows from the switching of the valve 13 as shown in Fig. 1.
If, during the upset testing, the bottle can withstand the upset orce, then after the expiry of the upset testing period the piston 53 is relieved of pressu~re, whereby if required only the pressing force ~0 appropriate for loading the upper piston 41 so as to close the bottle 4 and causes the tightness testing to be perEormed acts thereon.
Further functional tests can be subsequently ~ carried out, in particular other tests such as the retentlon of the bottle for the printing thereof, a height check for the bottle or the like. The sequential order of : :
the~tests~or operations to be effected can be freely selected`, it being ba~ically possible to undertake other :: :

37~3 additional operations on the bottle 4 by the provision of other pistons.
This combined installation with the testing device, in the sense of the mounting of the testing device 7, is in particular very suitable for high speed machines, for example for testing carrousels, since at each testing station the tests can be effected with a time cascade in succession and/or together, without an additional movement of the cylinder of the testing device and of the containers to be tested.
With a carrousel testing machine, also referred to as a ~testing wheel, with four or more test stations, the construction of the machine is substantially s;mplified with this device. It is, of course, also ;: .
possible to perform; only one of the possible tests by a selection which ta~es place at an appropriate switching and selection desk.

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Claims (8)

1. Method for testing the properties of bottle-shaped containers, characterised in that to test the properties the container is subjected to a compression process while substantially maintaining the ambient pressure in the interior thereof by means of a pneumatically-moved, piston-like, springless member, it being possible to adjust the gas pressure and hence the desired compression force.
2. Method according to Claim 1, characterised in that for leakage testing the piston-like springless member is sealingly placed over the opening of the container and the path and the lifting-up pressure of said piston-like springless member from the container is fixed by means of a second piston-like, pneumatically operated member and that the container is then placed under internal pressure and the stabilization thereof is evaluated as a positive sealing criterion.
3. Method according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that both the compression and the leakage tests are performed when the container is left at its location.
4. Testing installation for bottle-shaped containers, characterised in that it has at least one piston/cylinder unit having two separate pistons which can be actively connected without a spring and are individually pneumatically operable, adjusting means being provided to alter the gas pressure and hence compression force and/or leakage test pressure.
5. Installation according to Claim 4, characterised in that it has two coaxial pistons which are disposed in a common cylinder having separate cylinder chambers.
6. Installation according to Claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the two pistons can be actively connected by at least one piston rod.
7. Installation according to Claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the lengths of piston stroke are not equal.
8. Installation according to Claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the length of the piston stroke of the piston which is closer to the container has a larger stroke.
CA000517344A 1985-09-04 1986-09-03 Device and method for testing bottle-shaped containers Expired - Lifetime CA1287503C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3805/85-9 1985-09-04
CH380585 1985-09-04

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1287503C true CA1287503C (en) 1991-08-13

Family

ID=4263825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA000517344A Expired - Lifetime CA1287503C (en) 1985-09-04 1986-09-03 Device and method for testing bottle-shaped containers

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4768372A (en)
EP (1) EP0217140B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2575370B2 (en)
AT (1) ATE50638T1 (en)
AU (1) AU6221786A (en)
CA (1) CA1287503C (en)
DE (1) DE3669204D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1987001449A1 (en)

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US4987768A (en) * 1989-10-24 1991-01-29 Agr International, Inc. Method and apparatus for inspection of containers
DE59201885D1 (en) * 1991-07-08 1995-05-18 Elpatronic Ag Method and device for checking containers.
US6082184A (en) 1997-05-27 2000-07-04 Martin Lehmann Method for leak testing and leak testing apparatus
US5939620A (en) * 1998-04-24 1999-08-17 Crown Cork & Seal Technologies Coporation Leak detecting device for detecting a leak in a container
US6584828B2 (en) 1999-12-17 2003-07-01 Atc, Inc. Method and apparatus of nondestructive testing a sealed product for leaks
US6308556B1 (en) 1999-12-17 2001-10-30 Atc, Inc. Method and apparatus of nondestructive testing a sealed product for leaks
DE102004061230B4 (en) * 2004-12-16 2011-09-29 Krones Ag Blowing machine and blowing process
CN102169042B (en) * 2010-02-26 2012-08-29 陈增荣 Screw type filter leakage-detecting machine
SE535482C2 (en) * 2010-12-06 2012-08-21 Detach Ab Automatic bottle disk line
CN105004520A (en) * 2015-08-18 2015-10-28 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Ball valve test pressure stress measuring process method
IT201600079175A1 (en) * 2016-07-28 2018-01-28 Fillshape Srl Envelope verification device and procedure for filling lines.
CN108673111A (en) * 2016-12-26 2018-10-19 东莞市蓉工自动化科技有限公司 A kind of assembling detection all-in-one machine of vacuum flask
DE102019205025A1 (en) * 2019-04-08 2020-10-08 Vetter Pharma-Fertigung GmbH & Co. KG Adapter part for connecting a medical hollow body to a tension / pressure measuring device, test arrangement, method for testing the tightness of a medical hollow body, and use of a tension / pressure measuring device

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US3716910A (en) * 1970-11-27 1973-02-20 Owens Illinois Inc Molded plastic container secondary operations machine
US3777556A (en) * 1971-03-22 1973-12-11 A Zappia Air squeeze ware tester
US3805594A (en) * 1971-10-19 1974-04-23 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Pressure testing apparatus for bottles
JPS5232267B2 (en) * 1971-10-19 1977-08-20
US3771649A (en) * 1972-07-17 1973-11-13 L Strauss Hydraulic pressure bottle testing method and machine
FR2279086A1 (en) * 1974-07-16 1976-02-13 Carnaud Total Interplastic LEAK AND CRUSH RESISTANCE CONTROL HEAD OF A PLASTIC BOTTLE
US4278173A (en) * 1979-09-10 1981-07-14 Owens-Illinois, Inc. Combined plug and air warp neck finish gauge
JPS5654333A (en) * 1979-10-11 1981-05-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Bottle inspecting device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0217140A1 (en) 1987-04-08
US4768372A (en) 1988-09-06
WO1987001449A1 (en) 1987-03-12
JP2575370B2 (en) 1997-01-22
EP0217140B1 (en) 1990-02-28
ATE50638T1 (en) 1990-03-15
DE3669204D1 (en) 1990-04-05
AU6221786A (en) 1987-03-24
JPS63500738A (en) 1988-03-17

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