CA1289583C - Front air knife improvement for a top vacuum corrugation feeder - Google Patents
Front air knife improvement for a top vacuum corrugation feederInfo
- Publication number
- CA1289583C CA1289583C CA000536988A CA536988A CA1289583C CA 1289583 C CA1289583 C CA 1289583C CA 000536988 A CA000536988 A CA 000536988A CA 536988 A CA536988 A CA 536988A CA 1289583 C CA1289583 C CA 1289583C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- stack
- sheet
- sheets
- plenum chamber
- vacuum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
- B65H3/46—Supplementary devices or measures to assist separation or prevent double feed
- B65H3/48—Air blast acting on edges of, or under, articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H3/00—Separating articles from piles
- B65H3/08—Separating articles from piles using pneumatic force
- B65H3/12—Suction bands, belts, or tables moving relatively to the pile
- B65H3/124—Suction bands or belts
- B65H3/128—Suction bands or belts separating from the top of pile
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A top vacuum corrugation feeder employs a vacuum feedhead working in conjunction with an air knife to feed sheets from the top of a stack. The air knife includes a pair of trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets that enable high speed feeding of 13# to 110# paper with one pneumatic setting while at the same time improving reliability and expanding stack height latitudes.
A top vacuum corrugation feeder employs a vacuum feedhead working in conjunction with an air knife to feed sheets from the top of a stack. The air knife includes a pair of trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets that enable high speed feeding of 13# to 110# paper with one pneumatic setting while at the same time improving reliability and expanding stack height latitudes.
Description
~Z89583 FRONT AIR KNIFE I~PROVE~ENT FOR A
TOP VACUUM CORRUGATION FEEDER
BACRGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an electrophotographic printing machine, and more particularly, concerns an improved top vacuum corrugation feeder for such a machine.
Present high speed xerographic copy reproduction machines produce copies at a rate in excess of several thousand copies per hour, therefore, the need for a sheet feeder to feed cut copy sheets to the machine in a rapid, dependable manner has been recognized to enable full utilization of the reproduction machine's potential copy output. In particular, for many purely duplicating operations, it is desired to feed cut copy sheets at very high speeds where multiple copies are made of an original placed on the copying platen. In addition, for many high speed copying operations, a document handler to feed documents from a stack to a copy platen of the machine in a rapid dependable manner has also been reorganized to enable full utilization of the machine's potential copy output. These sheet feeders must operate flawlessly to virtually eliminate the risk of damaging the sheets and generate minimum machine shutdowns due to uncorrectable misfeeds or sheet multifeeds. It is in the initial separation of the individual sheets from the sheet stack where the greatest number of problems occur.
Since the sheets must be handled gently but positively to assure separation without damage through a number of cycles, a number of ~h ~3 separators have been suggested such as friction rolls or belts used for fairly positive document feeding in conjunction ~,vith a retard belt, pad, or roll to prevent multifeeds. Vacuum separators such as sniffer tubes, rocker type vacuum rolls, or vacuum feed belts have also been utiiized.
While the friction roll-retard systems are very positive, the action of the retard member, if it acts upon the printed face can cause smearing or partial erasure of the printed material on the document.
With single sided documents if the image is against the retard mechanism, it can be smeared or erased. On the other hand, if the irnage is against the feed belt it smears through ink transfer and offset back to the paper.
However, with documents printed on both sides the problem is compounded. Additionally, the reliable operation of friction retard feeders is highly dependent on the relative frictional properties of the paper being handled. This cannot be controlled in a document feeder.
In addition, currently existing paper feeders, e.g., forward buckle, reverse buckle, corrugating roll, etc., are very sensitive to coefficients of friction of component materials and to sheet material properties as a whole.
One of the sheet feeders best known for high speed operation is the top vacuum corrugation feeder with front air knife. In this system, a vacuum plenum with a plurality of friction belts arranged to run over the vacuum plenum is placed at the top of a stack of sheets in a supply tray. At the front of the stack, an air knife is used to inject air into the stack to separate the top sheet from the remainder of the stack. In operation, air is injected by the air knife toward the stack to separate the top sheet, the vacuum pulls the separated sheet up and acquires it. Following acquisition, the belt transport drives the sheet forward off the stack of sheets. In this configuration, separation of the next sheet cannot take place until the top sheet has cleared the stack. In this type of feeding system every operation takes place in succession or serially and therefore the feeding of subsequent sheets cannot be started until the feeding of the previous sheet has been completed. in addition, in this type of system the air knife may cause the second sheet to vibrate independent of the rest of the stack in a manner referred to as "flutter". When the second sheet is in this situation, if it touches the top sheet, it may tend to creep forward slightly with the top sheet. The air knife then may drive the second sheet against the first sheet causing a shingle or double feeding of sheets. Also, current top and bottom vacuum corrugation feeders utilize a valved vacuum feedhead, e.g., U.S. Patents 4,269,406 and 4,451,028. At the appropriate time during the feed cycle the valve is actuated, establishing a flow and hence a negative pressure field over the stack top or bottom if a bottom vacuum corrugation feeder is employed. This field causes the movement of the top sheet(s) to the vacuum feedhead where the sheet is then transported to the takeaway rolls. Once the sheet feed edge is under control of the takeaway rolls, the vacuum is shut off. The trail edge of this sheet exiting the feedhead area is the criteria for again activating the vacuum valve for the next feeding.
In tying to increase the speed of aforementioned vacuum corrugation feeders to 150 copies per minute and above, they displayed sensitivities to stack height latitude, pneumatics, a relief valve was required in the vacuum plenum to regulate sealed port pressure for different weights of paper and a relief valve was required to increase pressure when feeding 110# paper.
PRIOR ART
U.S. Patent 2,979,329 (Cunningham) describes a sheet feeding mechanism useful for both top and bottom feeding of sheets wherein an oscillating vacuum chamber is used to acquire and transport a sheet to be fed. In addition, an air blast is directed to the leading edge of a stack of sheets from which the sheet is to be separated and fed to assist in separating the sheets from the stack.
U.S. Patent 3,424,453 (Halbert) illustrates a vacuum sheet separator feeder with an air knife wherein a plurality of feed belts with holes are transported about a vacuum plenum and pressurized air is delivered to the leading edge of the stack of sheets. This is a bottom sheet feeder.
U.S. Patent 2,895,552 (Pomper et al.) illustrates a vacuum belt transport and stacking device wherein sheets which have been cut from a web are transported from the sheet supply to a sheet stacking tray.
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1289Sa3 Flexible belts perforated at intervals are used to pick up the leading edge of the sheet and release the sheet over the pile for stacking.
U.S. Patent 4,157,177 (Strecker) illustrates another sheet stacker wherein a first belt conveyor delivers sheets in a shingled fashion and the lower reach of a second perforated belt conveyor which is above the top of the stacking magazine attracts the leading edge of the sheets.
The device has a slide which limits the effect of perforations depending on the size of the shingled sheet.
U.S. Patent 4,268,025 (Murayoshi) describes a top sheet feeding apparatus wherein a sheet tray has a vacuum plate above the tray which has a suction hole in its bottom portion. A feed roll in the suction hole transports a sheet to a separating roll and a frictional member in contact with the separating roll.
U. S.Patent 4,418,905 (Garavuso) shows a bottom vacuum corrugation feeding system.
U. S.Patent 4,451,028 (Holmes et al.) discloses a top feed vacuum corrugation feeding system that employs front and back vacuum plenums.
U. S.Patents 868,317 (Allen); 1,721,608 (Swart et al.); 1,867,038 (Uphan); 2,224,802 (Spiess); 3,041,067 (Fux et al.); 3,086,771 (Goin et al.);
3,770,266 (Wehr et al.); and 4,328,593 (Beran et al.); all disclose sheet feeders in which a blower appears to be angled at sheets.
U.S.Patents 3,837,639 (Phillips) and 4,306,684 (Peterson) relate to the use of air nozzles to either separate or maintain sheet separation.
U.S. Patent 3,171,647 (Bishop) describes a suction feed mechanism for cardboard and like blanks that employs a belt which is intermittently driven.
U. S.Patent 3,260,520 (Sugden) is directed to a document handling apparatus that employs a vacuum feed system and a vacuum reverse feed belt adapted to separate doublets.
U. S.Patent 3,614,089 (Van Auken) relates to an automatic document feeder that includes blowers to raise a document up against feed belts for forward transport. Stripper wheels are positioned below the feed belts and adapted to bear against the lower surface of the lowermost document and force it back into the document stack.
I~M ~echnical Disclosure Bulletin entitled "Document Feeder and Separator", Vol. 6, No. 2, page 32, 1963 discloses a perforated belt that has a vacuum applied through the perforations in the belt in order to lift documents from a stack for transport. The belt extends over the center of the document stack.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Various aspects of the invention are as follows:
A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the uppermost sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife means including trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets adapted to create a reduced pressure toward the top of the stack in order to diminish the raising of slugs of unfluffed sheets of said feedhead.
A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the uppermost sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife means including orifice means adapted to apply less pressure to a top portion of the sheet stack than all other portions of the sheet stack.
A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the upper most sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife including nozzle means having an area for fluffing a portion of sheets in the stack, said area for fluffing being adapted such that air pressure in said area for fluffing increases from top to bottom thereof.
For a better understanding of the invention as well as other objects and further features thereof, reference is made to the following drawings and descriptions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of an electrophotographic printing machine incorporating the features of the present invention therein.
Figure 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary feeder in Figure 1 which is employed in accordance with the present invention.
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Figure 3 is a partial front end view of the paper tray shown in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a front end view of the air knife according to the present invention.
Figure S is a sectional plan view of the air knife shown in Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a side view of the air knife shown in Figure 4 taken along line 6 - 6 of Figure 4.
Figures 7A and 7F are respective plan and side view illustrations of the converging stream (Figure 7A) and expanding air streams (Figure 78) which result from converging air noz21es in the air knife of Figure 4.
Figure 8 is a partial isometric view of the air knife of the present invention showing the location of trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets in relation to a sheet stack.
Figure 9 is an elevational view of a fluffer jet in accordance with the instant invention.
Figure 10 is a partial cross section showing dimensional relationships between the fluffer jets and the sheet stack of Figure 8.
DESCRIPTION OFTHE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
While the present invention will be described hereinafter in connection with a preferred em~odiment thereof, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to that embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention asdefined bythe appended claims.
For a general understanding of the features of the present invention, reference is had to the drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals have been used throughout to designate identical elements. Figure 1 schematically depicts the various components of an illustrative electrophotographic printing machine incorporating the top feed vacuum corrugation feeder method and apparatus of the present invention therein. It will become evident from the following discussion that the sheet feeding system disclosed herein is equally well suited for use in a wide variety of devices and is not necessarily limited to its application to the particular embodlment shown herein. For example, the apparatus of the present invention may be readily employed in non-xerographic environments and substrate transportation in general.
Inasmuch as the art of electrophotographic printing is well known, the various processing stations employed in the Figure 1 printing machine will be shown hereinafter schematically and the operation described briefly with reference thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, the electrophotographic printing machine employs a belt 10 having a photoconductive surface 12 deposited on a conductive substrate 14. Preferably, photoconductive surface 12 is made from an aluminum alloy. Belt 10 moves in the direction of arrow 16 to advance successive portions of photoconductive surface 12 sequentially through the various processing stations disposed about the path of movement thereof. 8elt 10 is entrained around stripper roller 18, tension roller 20, and drive roller 22.
Drive roller 22 is mounted rotatably in engagement with belt 10. Roller 22 is coupled to a suitable means such as motor 24 through a belt drive. Motor 24 rotates roller 22 to advance belt 10 in the direction of arrow 16. Drive roller 22 includes a pair of opposed spaced flanges or edge guides (not shown). Preferably, the edge guides are circular members or flanges.
Belt 10 is maintained in tension by a pair of springs (not shown), resiliently urging tension roller 20 against belt 10 with the desired spring force. Both stripping roller 18 and tension roller 20 are mounted rotatably. These rollers are idlers which rotate freely as belt 1û moves in the direc~ion of arrow t6.
With continued reference to Figure 1, initially a portion of belt 10 passes through charging station A. At charging station A, a corona generating device, indicated generally by the reference numeral 28, charges photoconductive surface 12 of the belt 10 to a relatively high, substantially uniform potential.
Next, the charged portion of photoconductive surface 12 is advanced through exposure station 8. At exposure station B, an original document 30 is positioned face down upon transparent platen 32 Lamps 34 flash light rays onto original document 30. The light rays reflected from the original document 30 are transmitted through lens 36 from a ~289S83 light image thereof. The light image is projected onto the charged portion of the photoconductive surface 12 to selectively dissipate the charge thereon. This records an electrostatic latent image on photoconductive surface 12 which corresponds to the information areas contained within original document 30.
Thereafter, belt 10 advances the electrostatic latent image recorded on photoconductive surface 12 to development station C. At development station C, a magnetic brush developer roller 38 advances a developer mix into contact with the electrostatic latent image. The latent image attracts the toner particles from the carrier granules forming a toner powder image on photoconductive surface 12 of belt 10.
Belt 10 then advances the toner powder image to transfer station D. At transfer station D, a sheet of support material is moved into contact with the toner powder image. The sheet support material is advanced toward transfer station D by top vacuum corrugation feeder 70.
Preferably, the feeder includes an air knife 80 which floats a sheet 31 up to where it is grabbed. by the suction force from vacuum plenum 75. A
perforated feed belt 71 then forwards the now separated sheet for further processing, i.e., the sheet is directed through rollers 17, 19, 23, and 26 into contactwith the photoconductive surface 12 of belt 10 in a timed sequence by suitable conventional means so that the toner powder image developed thereon synchronously contacts the advancing sheet of support material at transfer station D.
Transfer station D includes a corona generating device 50 which sprays ions onto the backside of a sheet passing through the station. This attracts the toner powder image from the photoconductive surface 12 to the sheet and provides a normal force which causes photoconductive surface 12 to take over transport of the advancing sheet of support material. After transfer, the sheet continues to move in the direction of arrow 52 onto a conveyor (not shown) which advances the sheet to fusing station E.
Fusing station E includes a fuser assembly, indicated generally by the reference number 54, which permanentiy affixes the transferred toner powder image to the substrate. Preferably, fuser assembly 54 includes a heated fuser roller 56 and a backup roller 58. A sheet passes 1~89S~3 between fuser roller 56 and backup roller 58 with the toner powder tmage contacting fuser roller 56. In this manner, the toner powder image is permanently affixed to the sheet. After fusing, chute 60 guides the advancing sheetto catch tray 62 for removal from the printing machine by the operator.
Invariably, after the sheet support material is separated from the photoconductive surface 12 of belt 10, some residual particles remain adhering thereto. These residual particles are removed.from photoconductive surface 12 at cleaning station F. Cleaning station F
includes a rotatably mounted brush 64 in contact with the photoconductive surface 12. The particles are cleaned from photoconductive surface 12 by the rotation of brush 64 in contact therewith. Subsequent to cleaning, a discharge lamp (not shown) floods photoconductive surface 12 with light to dissipate any residual electrostatic charge remaining thereon prior to the charging thereof for the next successive image cycle.
It is believed that the foregoing description is sufficient to illustrate the general operation of an electrostatographic machine.
Referring now to a particular aspect of the present invention, Figures 2 and 3 show a system employing the present invention in a copy sheet feeding mode. Alternatively, or in addition, the sheet feeder may be mounted for feeding document sheets to the platen of a printing machine. The sheet feeder is provided with a conventional elevator mechanism 41 for raising and lowering either tray 40 or a platform 42 within tray 40. Ordinarily, a drive motor is actuated to move the sheet stack support platform 42 vertically by a stack height sensor positioned above the rear of the stack when the level of sheets relative to the sensor falls below a first predetermined level. The drive motor is deactuated by the stack height sensor when the level of the sheets relative to the sensor is above a predetermined level. In this way, the level of the top sheet m the stack of sheets may be maintained within relatively narrow limits tO
assure proper sheet separation, acquisition and feeding.
Vacuum corrugation feeder 70 and a vacuum plenum 75 are positioned over the front end of a tray 40 having copy sheets 31 stacked therein. Belts 71 are entrained around drive rollers 24 as well as plenum -lo-1289S~3 75. Belts 71 could be made into a single belt if desired. Perforations 72 in the belts allow a suitable vacuum source (not shown) to apply a vacuum through plenum 75 and belts 71 to acquire sheets 31 from stack 13. Air knife 80 applies a positive pressure to the front of stack 13 to separate the top sheet in the stack and enhance its acquisition by vacuum plenum 75.
Corrugation rail 76is attached or molded into the underside and center of plenum 75 and causes sheets acquired by the vacuum plenum to bend during the corrugation so that if a second sheet is still sticking to the sheet having been acquired by the vacuum plenum, the corrugation will cause the second sheet to detack and fall back into the tray. A sheet captured on belts 71is forwarded through baffles 9 and 15 and into forwarding drive rollers 17 and 19 for transport to transfer station D. In order to prevent multifeeding from tray 40, a pair of restrir;tion members 33 and 35 are attached to the upper front end of tray 40 and serve to inhibit all sheets other than sheet 1 from leaving the tray. It is also possible to place these restriction members or fangs on the air knife instead of the tray.
In order to improve sheet acquisition, increase reliability and decrease minimum feed speed, vacuum plenum 75is preferably equipped with a negative pressure source that is ON continuously during the feed cycle, with the only criteria for sheet feeding being that the motion of vacuum feedhead 70is ceased prior to the trail edge of the acquired sheet exposing all of the vacuum ports. The next sheet is then acquired in a "traveling wave" fashion as shown in Figure 2. This improved feeding scheme affords a reduction in noise due to the elimination of the valve associated with cutting the vacuum means ON and OFF. Also, increased reliability/decreased minimum feed speed is obtained, i.e., for given minimum required sheet acquisition and separation times the removal of the valve from the vacuum system allows increased available acquisition/separation time per feed cycle and/or lower required minimum feed speeds. In addition, the removal of the valve from the vacuum system increases component reliability since no value is required to actuate every feed cycle and electrical control is decreased because with no valve required in the vacuum system the required valve component inpuVoutput is eliminated. It should be understood that the valveless vacuum feedhead of the present invention is equally adaptable to either 12~ 5~3 bottom or top vacuum corrugation feeders. If one desired, the negative pressure source could be valved, however, in this situation the vacuum valve is turned OFF as soon as the fed sheet arrives at the take away roll and is then turned back ON when the trail edges of the fed sheet passes the lead edge of the stack.
As can be seen in Figure 2, the ripple in sheet 2 rnakes for a more reliable feeder since the concavity of the sheet caused by continuously operating vacuum plenum 75 will increase the unbuckling of sheet 3 from sheet 2. Sheet 3 will have a chance to settle down against the stack before sheet 2 is fed since air knife 80 has been turned off. Belts 71 are stopped just before sheet 1 uncovers the vacuum plenum completely in order to enhance the dropping of any sheets that are tacked to sheet 2 back down upon the stack and to feed the sheets in time with images produced on the photoreceptor. When a signal is received from a conventional controller to feed another sheet, belts 71 are turned in a clockwise direction to feed sheet 2. Knife 80 is also turned ON and appiied air pressured to the front of the stack to insure separation of sheet 2 from any other sheets and assist the vacuum plenum in lifting the front end of the sheet up against corrugation rail 76 which is an additional means of insuring against multi-sheet feeding. Knife 80 may be either left continuously "ON" or valved "ON" - "OFF" during apprGpriate times in the feed cycle. Light~veight flimsy sheet feeding is enhanced with this method of feeding since sheet 2 is easily adhered to the vacuum plenurn while sheet 1 is being fed by transport rollers 17 and 19. Also, gravity will conform the front and rear portions of sheet 2 against the stack while the concavity produced in the sheet by the vacuum plenum remains.
Referring more particularly to Figure 3, there is disclosed a plurality of feed belts 71 supported for movement on rollers. Spaced within the run of belts 71 there is provided a vacuum plenum 75 having an opening therein adapted for cooperation with perforations 72 in the belts to provide a vacuum for pulling the top sheet in the stack onto the belts 71. The plenum is provided with a centraliy located projecting portion 76 so that upon capture of the top sheet in the stack by the belts a corrugation will be produced in the sheet. Thus, the sheet is corrugated In a double valley configuration The flat surfaces of the vacuu n belts on ~2~5~3 each side of the projecting portion of the vacuum plenum generates a region of maximum stress in the sheet wh~ch varies with the beam strength of the sheet. In the unlikely event more than one sheet is pulled to the belts, the second sheet resists the corrugation action, thus gaps are opened between sheets 1 and 2 which extend to their lead edges. The gaps and channels reduce the vacuum levels betvveen sheets 1 and 2 due to porosity in sheet 1 and provide for entry of the separating air flow of the air knife 80.
By suitable valving and controls, it is desirable to provide a delay between the time the vacuum is applied to pull the document up to the feed belts and the start up of the belts to assure that the top sheet in the stack is captured before belt movement commences and to allow time for the air knife to separate sheet 1 from sheet 2 or any other sheets that were pulled up.
The improved air knife 80 shown in greater detail in Figures 4 -6 contains fluffer jets 101 and 102 in accordance with the instant invention, vectored auxiliary fluffer jets 96 and 97 and a converqing slot jet 84. The pressurized air plenum 83 and converging slot jet 84 includes an array of separated air nozzles 90 - g5 that are angled upward with respect to the front edge of the sheet stack The center two nozzles 92 and 93 essentially direct air streams in slightly inwardly directed parallel air streams v~hile the tvvo end sets of nozzles 90, 91 and 94, 95 are angled toward the center of the parallel air streams of nozzles 92 and 93 and provide converging streams of air. ~ypically, the end nozzles 90 and 91 are slanted at angles of 37 and 54 degrees, respectively. The same holds true for nozzres 94 and 95, that is, nozzle 94 at 54 degrees and nozzle 95 at 37 degrees are slanted ~nward toward the center of the nozzle group.
Nozzles 92 and 93 are angled to direct the main air stream at an angle of 68 degrees respectively. Nozzles 90 through 95 are all arranged in a plane so that the air stream which emerges from the nozzles is essentially planar. As the streams produced from nozzles 90 through 95 emerges from the ends of the nozzles they tend to converge laterally toward the center of the nozzle grouping This may be more graphically illustrated in Figure 7A which shows the streams converging laterally. With thls contraction of the air stream and the plane of the air stream, there must -l3-1~895~3 be an expansion in the direction perpendicular to the air stream. Stated in another manner, while the air stream converges essentially horizontally in an inclined plane, it expands vertically which is graphically illustrated in the side view of the air stream of Figure 7A which is shown in Figure 7B. If the air knife is positioned such that the lateral convergence of the air stream and the vertical expansion of the air stream occurs at the center of the lead edge of a stack of sheets and particularly in between the sheet to be separated and the rest of the stack, the vertical pressure between the sheet and the rest of the stack, greatly facilitates separation of the sheet from the remainder of the stack.
It has been found that the pneumatic sensitivity exhibited by previous vacuum corrugation feeders mentioned hereinbe~ore wnen speeded up to 150 cpm is due largely to the presence of a large slug of unfluffed paper driven toward the feedhead. Also, the lack of stack height latitude is caused by a complete loss of stagnation pressure in the lower 4mm of the 8mm front fluffer jet height. Therefore, as seen in Figure 10, the height of the fluffer jets was increased to 12mm with a lower stack position so that the stack would rest 4mm above the bottom of the fluffer jets leaving 8mm of fluffer height available to fluff paper.
This in itself was not entirely satisfactory. While it aided in stack height latitude, the appearance of slugs.of paper was still evident. A trapezoidal shaped fluffer jet pair as shown in Figures 8 and 9 was added which not only evenly distributed the pressure down the 12mm height of the jets, but also, proportionecl the force available to break and lift sheets by tapering the fluffing area. This improvement allows the greater force to be available at the bottom of the fluffing area, while the top fluffing area has less force to lift slugs of sheets into the feedhead. As a result of these trapezoidal shaped fluffer jet sets; slugs were virtually eliminated, i e., (fluff varies from course to fine as the stack height varies); reliable feeding of 13# to 110# paper was accomplished; stack height latitude increased from +lmm to +4mm; relief valves in both the pressure and vacuum sides were eliminated in the vacuum corrugation feeder tested; and cost of the feeder was reduced by relaxing tolerance on the distance between the top of the sheet stack and the feedhead. Preferably, fluffer jets 101 and 102 have a 4mm base ancl 2mm top opening as shown in Figure 8.
1289~83 Stress cases, such as downcurled stiff sheets, however, show alarge resistance to fluffing when acted upon by separation or fluffing jets 101 and 102 which are essentially perpendicularto thestack lead edge. A
cure to this resistance to fluffing is incorporated into air knife 80 such that the reliability is greatly enhanced and this is by including vectored auxiliary fluffer jets at prescribed angles with reference to the stack edge and located in a manner with reference to the existing main fluffer jets.
These additional angled vectored auxiliary fluffer jets 96 and 97 are critical in the proper feeding of stressful paper.
It has been found that optimum results can be obtained when feeding downcurled sheets with the use of vectored jets 96 and 97 if jet 96 as shown in Figure 6 with respect to a plane parallel to the lead of the stack is at an angle of 56 degrees from the vertical and angled toward one side of the stack lead edge at an angle of 43 degrees with respect to the stack lead edge. Vector jet 97 is optimally positioned at an angle of 56 degrees with respect to the stack lead edge and angled toward the other side of the stack at an angle of 39 degrees. It should be understood that vectored auxiliary fluffer jets are not necessary for the feeder of the present invention to function as required.
It should now be apparent that the separation capability of the vacuum corrugation feeder disclosed herein is highly sensitive to air knife pressure against a sheet stack as well as the amount of vacuum pressure directed against the top sheet in the stack. Disclosed herein is a modification of the slots of the air fluffer jets of a top vacuum corrugation feeder from oval to trapezoidal. The trapezoidal slots create a reduced pressure toward the top of the stack to diminish the raising of slugs of sheets up to the vacuum feedhead.
In addition to the method and apparatus disclosed above, other modifications and/or additions will readily appear to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and are intended to be encompassed within the invention disclosed and claimed herein.
TOP VACUUM CORRUGATION FEEDER
BACRGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to an electrophotographic printing machine, and more particularly, concerns an improved top vacuum corrugation feeder for such a machine.
Present high speed xerographic copy reproduction machines produce copies at a rate in excess of several thousand copies per hour, therefore, the need for a sheet feeder to feed cut copy sheets to the machine in a rapid, dependable manner has been recognized to enable full utilization of the reproduction machine's potential copy output. In particular, for many purely duplicating operations, it is desired to feed cut copy sheets at very high speeds where multiple copies are made of an original placed on the copying platen. In addition, for many high speed copying operations, a document handler to feed documents from a stack to a copy platen of the machine in a rapid dependable manner has also been reorganized to enable full utilization of the machine's potential copy output. These sheet feeders must operate flawlessly to virtually eliminate the risk of damaging the sheets and generate minimum machine shutdowns due to uncorrectable misfeeds or sheet multifeeds. It is in the initial separation of the individual sheets from the sheet stack where the greatest number of problems occur.
Since the sheets must be handled gently but positively to assure separation without damage through a number of cycles, a number of ~h ~3 separators have been suggested such as friction rolls or belts used for fairly positive document feeding in conjunction ~,vith a retard belt, pad, or roll to prevent multifeeds. Vacuum separators such as sniffer tubes, rocker type vacuum rolls, or vacuum feed belts have also been utiiized.
While the friction roll-retard systems are very positive, the action of the retard member, if it acts upon the printed face can cause smearing or partial erasure of the printed material on the document.
With single sided documents if the image is against the retard mechanism, it can be smeared or erased. On the other hand, if the irnage is against the feed belt it smears through ink transfer and offset back to the paper.
However, with documents printed on both sides the problem is compounded. Additionally, the reliable operation of friction retard feeders is highly dependent on the relative frictional properties of the paper being handled. This cannot be controlled in a document feeder.
In addition, currently existing paper feeders, e.g., forward buckle, reverse buckle, corrugating roll, etc., are very sensitive to coefficients of friction of component materials and to sheet material properties as a whole.
One of the sheet feeders best known for high speed operation is the top vacuum corrugation feeder with front air knife. In this system, a vacuum plenum with a plurality of friction belts arranged to run over the vacuum plenum is placed at the top of a stack of sheets in a supply tray. At the front of the stack, an air knife is used to inject air into the stack to separate the top sheet from the remainder of the stack. In operation, air is injected by the air knife toward the stack to separate the top sheet, the vacuum pulls the separated sheet up and acquires it. Following acquisition, the belt transport drives the sheet forward off the stack of sheets. In this configuration, separation of the next sheet cannot take place until the top sheet has cleared the stack. In this type of feeding system every operation takes place in succession or serially and therefore the feeding of subsequent sheets cannot be started until the feeding of the previous sheet has been completed. in addition, in this type of system the air knife may cause the second sheet to vibrate independent of the rest of the stack in a manner referred to as "flutter". When the second sheet is in this situation, if it touches the top sheet, it may tend to creep forward slightly with the top sheet. The air knife then may drive the second sheet against the first sheet causing a shingle or double feeding of sheets. Also, current top and bottom vacuum corrugation feeders utilize a valved vacuum feedhead, e.g., U.S. Patents 4,269,406 and 4,451,028. At the appropriate time during the feed cycle the valve is actuated, establishing a flow and hence a negative pressure field over the stack top or bottom if a bottom vacuum corrugation feeder is employed. This field causes the movement of the top sheet(s) to the vacuum feedhead where the sheet is then transported to the takeaway rolls. Once the sheet feed edge is under control of the takeaway rolls, the vacuum is shut off. The trail edge of this sheet exiting the feedhead area is the criteria for again activating the vacuum valve for the next feeding.
In tying to increase the speed of aforementioned vacuum corrugation feeders to 150 copies per minute and above, they displayed sensitivities to stack height latitude, pneumatics, a relief valve was required in the vacuum plenum to regulate sealed port pressure for different weights of paper and a relief valve was required to increase pressure when feeding 110# paper.
PRIOR ART
U.S. Patent 2,979,329 (Cunningham) describes a sheet feeding mechanism useful for both top and bottom feeding of sheets wherein an oscillating vacuum chamber is used to acquire and transport a sheet to be fed. In addition, an air blast is directed to the leading edge of a stack of sheets from which the sheet is to be separated and fed to assist in separating the sheets from the stack.
U.S. Patent 3,424,453 (Halbert) illustrates a vacuum sheet separator feeder with an air knife wherein a plurality of feed belts with holes are transported about a vacuum plenum and pressurized air is delivered to the leading edge of the stack of sheets. This is a bottom sheet feeder.
U.S. Patent 2,895,552 (Pomper et al.) illustrates a vacuum belt transport and stacking device wherein sheets which have been cut from a web are transported from the sheet supply to a sheet stacking tray.
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1289Sa3 Flexible belts perforated at intervals are used to pick up the leading edge of the sheet and release the sheet over the pile for stacking.
U.S. Patent 4,157,177 (Strecker) illustrates another sheet stacker wherein a first belt conveyor delivers sheets in a shingled fashion and the lower reach of a second perforated belt conveyor which is above the top of the stacking magazine attracts the leading edge of the sheets.
The device has a slide which limits the effect of perforations depending on the size of the shingled sheet.
U.S. Patent 4,268,025 (Murayoshi) describes a top sheet feeding apparatus wherein a sheet tray has a vacuum plate above the tray which has a suction hole in its bottom portion. A feed roll in the suction hole transports a sheet to a separating roll and a frictional member in contact with the separating roll.
U. S.Patent 4,418,905 (Garavuso) shows a bottom vacuum corrugation feeding system.
U. S.Patent 4,451,028 (Holmes et al.) discloses a top feed vacuum corrugation feeding system that employs front and back vacuum plenums.
U. S.Patents 868,317 (Allen); 1,721,608 (Swart et al.); 1,867,038 (Uphan); 2,224,802 (Spiess); 3,041,067 (Fux et al.); 3,086,771 (Goin et al.);
3,770,266 (Wehr et al.); and 4,328,593 (Beran et al.); all disclose sheet feeders in which a blower appears to be angled at sheets.
U.S.Patents 3,837,639 (Phillips) and 4,306,684 (Peterson) relate to the use of air nozzles to either separate or maintain sheet separation.
U.S. Patent 3,171,647 (Bishop) describes a suction feed mechanism for cardboard and like blanks that employs a belt which is intermittently driven.
U. S.Patent 3,260,520 (Sugden) is directed to a document handling apparatus that employs a vacuum feed system and a vacuum reverse feed belt adapted to separate doublets.
U. S.Patent 3,614,089 (Van Auken) relates to an automatic document feeder that includes blowers to raise a document up against feed belts for forward transport. Stripper wheels are positioned below the feed belts and adapted to bear against the lower surface of the lowermost document and force it back into the document stack.
I~M ~echnical Disclosure Bulletin entitled "Document Feeder and Separator", Vol. 6, No. 2, page 32, 1963 discloses a perforated belt that has a vacuum applied through the perforations in the belt in order to lift documents from a stack for transport. The belt extends over the center of the document stack.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Various aspects of the invention are as follows:
A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the uppermost sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife means including trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets adapted to create a reduced pressure toward the top of the stack in order to diminish the raising of slugs of unfluffed sheets of said feedhead.
A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the uppermost sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife means including orifice means adapted to apply less pressure to a top portion of the sheet stack than all other portions of the sheet stack.
A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the upper most sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife including nozzle means having an area for fluffing a portion of sheets in the stack, said area for fluffing being adapted such that air pressure in said area for fluffing increases from top to bottom thereof.
For a better understanding of the invention as well as other objects and further features thereof, reference is made to the following drawings and descriptions.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of an electrophotographic printing machine incorporating the features of the present invention therein.
Figure 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of the exemplary feeder in Figure 1 which is employed in accordance with the present invention.
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Figure 3 is a partial front end view of the paper tray shown in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a front end view of the air knife according to the present invention.
Figure S is a sectional plan view of the air knife shown in Figure 4.
Figure 6 is a side view of the air knife shown in Figure 4 taken along line 6 - 6 of Figure 4.
Figures 7A and 7F are respective plan and side view illustrations of the converging stream (Figure 7A) and expanding air streams (Figure 78) which result from converging air noz21es in the air knife of Figure 4.
Figure 8 is a partial isometric view of the air knife of the present invention showing the location of trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets in relation to a sheet stack.
Figure 9 is an elevational view of a fluffer jet in accordance with the instant invention.
Figure 10 is a partial cross section showing dimensional relationships between the fluffer jets and the sheet stack of Figure 8.
DESCRIPTION OFTHE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
While the present invention will be described hereinafter in connection with a preferred em~odiment thereof, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to that embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover all alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention asdefined bythe appended claims.
For a general understanding of the features of the present invention, reference is had to the drawings. In the drawings, like reference numerals have been used throughout to designate identical elements. Figure 1 schematically depicts the various components of an illustrative electrophotographic printing machine incorporating the top feed vacuum corrugation feeder method and apparatus of the present invention therein. It will become evident from the following discussion that the sheet feeding system disclosed herein is equally well suited for use in a wide variety of devices and is not necessarily limited to its application to the particular embodlment shown herein. For example, the apparatus of the present invention may be readily employed in non-xerographic environments and substrate transportation in general.
Inasmuch as the art of electrophotographic printing is well known, the various processing stations employed in the Figure 1 printing machine will be shown hereinafter schematically and the operation described briefly with reference thereto.
As shown in Figure 1, the electrophotographic printing machine employs a belt 10 having a photoconductive surface 12 deposited on a conductive substrate 14. Preferably, photoconductive surface 12 is made from an aluminum alloy. Belt 10 moves in the direction of arrow 16 to advance successive portions of photoconductive surface 12 sequentially through the various processing stations disposed about the path of movement thereof. 8elt 10 is entrained around stripper roller 18, tension roller 20, and drive roller 22.
Drive roller 22 is mounted rotatably in engagement with belt 10. Roller 22 is coupled to a suitable means such as motor 24 through a belt drive. Motor 24 rotates roller 22 to advance belt 10 in the direction of arrow 16. Drive roller 22 includes a pair of opposed spaced flanges or edge guides (not shown). Preferably, the edge guides are circular members or flanges.
Belt 10 is maintained in tension by a pair of springs (not shown), resiliently urging tension roller 20 against belt 10 with the desired spring force. Both stripping roller 18 and tension roller 20 are mounted rotatably. These rollers are idlers which rotate freely as belt 1û moves in the direc~ion of arrow t6.
With continued reference to Figure 1, initially a portion of belt 10 passes through charging station A. At charging station A, a corona generating device, indicated generally by the reference numeral 28, charges photoconductive surface 12 of the belt 10 to a relatively high, substantially uniform potential.
Next, the charged portion of photoconductive surface 12 is advanced through exposure station 8. At exposure station B, an original document 30 is positioned face down upon transparent platen 32 Lamps 34 flash light rays onto original document 30. The light rays reflected from the original document 30 are transmitted through lens 36 from a ~289S83 light image thereof. The light image is projected onto the charged portion of the photoconductive surface 12 to selectively dissipate the charge thereon. This records an electrostatic latent image on photoconductive surface 12 which corresponds to the information areas contained within original document 30.
Thereafter, belt 10 advances the electrostatic latent image recorded on photoconductive surface 12 to development station C. At development station C, a magnetic brush developer roller 38 advances a developer mix into contact with the electrostatic latent image. The latent image attracts the toner particles from the carrier granules forming a toner powder image on photoconductive surface 12 of belt 10.
Belt 10 then advances the toner powder image to transfer station D. At transfer station D, a sheet of support material is moved into contact with the toner powder image. The sheet support material is advanced toward transfer station D by top vacuum corrugation feeder 70.
Preferably, the feeder includes an air knife 80 which floats a sheet 31 up to where it is grabbed. by the suction force from vacuum plenum 75. A
perforated feed belt 71 then forwards the now separated sheet for further processing, i.e., the sheet is directed through rollers 17, 19, 23, and 26 into contactwith the photoconductive surface 12 of belt 10 in a timed sequence by suitable conventional means so that the toner powder image developed thereon synchronously contacts the advancing sheet of support material at transfer station D.
Transfer station D includes a corona generating device 50 which sprays ions onto the backside of a sheet passing through the station. This attracts the toner powder image from the photoconductive surface 12 to the sheet and provides a normal force which causes photoconductive surface 12 to take over transport of the advancing sheet of support material. After transfer, the sheet continues to move in the direction of arrow 52 onto a conveyor (not shown) which advances the sheet to fusing station E.
Fusing station E includes a fuser assembly, indicated generally by the reference number 54, which permanentiy affixes the transferred toner powder image to the substrate. Preferably, fuser assembly 54 includes a heated fuser roller 56 and a backup roller 58. A sheet passes 1~89S~3 between fuser roller 56 and backup roller 58 with the toner powder tmage contacting fuser roller 56. In this manner, the toner powder image is permanently affixed to the sheet. After fusing, chute 60 guides the advancing sheetto catch tray 62 for removal from the printing machine by the operator.
Invariably, after the sheet support material is separated from the photoconductive surface 12 of belt 10, some residual particles remain adhering thereto. These residual particles are removed.from photoconductive surface 12 at cleaning station F. Cleaning station F
includes a rotatably mounted brush 64 in contact with the photoconductive surface 12. The particles are cleaned from photoconductive surface 12 by the rotation of brush 64 in contact therewith. Subsequent to cleaning, a discharge lamp (not shown) floods photoconductive surface 12 with light to dissipate any residual electrostatic charge remaining thereon prior to the charging thereof for the next successive image cycle.
It is believed that the foregoing description is sufficient to illustrate the general operation of an electrostatographic machine.
Referring now to a particular aspect of the present invention, Figures 2 and 3 show a system employing the present invention in a copy sheet feeding mode. Alternatively, or in addition, the sheet feeder may be mounted for feeding document sheets to the platen of a printing machine. The sheet feeder is provided with a conventional elevator mechanism 41 for raising and lowering either tray 40 or a platform 42 within tray 40. Ordinarily, a drive motor is actuated to move the sheet stack support platform 42 vertically by a stack height sensor positioned above the rear of the stack when the level of sheets relative to the sensor falls below a first predetermined level. The drive motor is deactuated by the stack height sensor when the level of the sheets relative to the sensor is above a predetermined level. In this way, the level of the top sheet m the stack of sheets may be maintained within relatively narrow limits tO
assure proper sheet separation, acquisition and feeding.
Vacuum corrugation feeder 70 and a vacuum plenum 75 are positioned over the front end of a tray 40 having copy sheets 31 stacked therein. Belts 71 are entrained around drive rollers 24 as well as plenum -lo-1289S~3 75. Belts 71 could be made into a single belt if desired. Perforations 72 in the belts allow a suitable vacuum source (not shown) to apply a vacuum through plenum 75 and belts 71 to acquire sheets 31 from stack 13. Air knife 80 applies a positive pressure to the front of stack 13 to separate the top sheet in the stack and enhance its acquisition by vacuum plenum 75.
Corrugation rail 76is attached or molded into the underside and center of plenum 75 and causes sheets acquired by the vacuum plenum to bend during the corrugation so that if a second sheet is still sticking to the sheet having been acquired by the vacuum plenum, the corrugation will cause the second sheet to detack and fall back into the tray. A sheet captured on belts 71is forwarded through baffles 9 and 15 and into forwarding drive rollers 17 and 19 for transport to transfer station D. In order to prevent multifeeding from tray 40, a pair of restrir;tion members 33 and 35 are attached to the upper front end of tray 40 and serve to inhibit all sheets other than sheet 1 from leaving the tray. It is also possible to place these restriction members or fangs on the air knife instead of the tray.
In order to improve sheet acquisition, increase reliability and decrease minimum feed speed, vacuum plenum 75is preferably equipped with a negative pressure source that is ON continuously during the feed cycle, with the only criteria for sheet feeding being that the motion of vacuum feedhead 70is ceased prior to the trail edge of the acquired sheet exposing all of the vacuum ports. The next sheet is then acquired in a "traveling wave" fashion as shown in Figure 2. This improved feeding scheme affords a reduction in noise due to the elimination of the valve associated with cutting the vacuum means ON and OFF. Also, increased reliability/decreased minimum feed speed is obtained, i.e., for given minimum required sheet acquisition and separation times the removal of the valve from the vacuum system allows increased available acquisition/separation time per feed cycle and/or lower required minimum feed speeds. In addition, the removal of the valve from the vacuum system increases component reliability since no value is required to actuate every feed cycle and electrical control is decreased because with no valve required in the vacuum system the required valve component inpuVoutput is eliminated. It should be understood that the valveless vacuum feedhead of the present invention is equally adaptable to either 12~ 5~3 bottom or top vacuum corrugation feeders. If one desired, the negative pressure source could be valved, however, in this situation the vacuum valve is turned OFF as soon as the fed sheet arrives at the take away roll and is then turned back ON when the trail edges of the fed sheet passes the lead edge of the stack.
As can be seen in Figure 2, the ripple in sheet 2 rnakes for a more reliable feeder since the concavity of the sheet caused by continuously operating vacuum plenum 75 will increase the unbuckling of sheet 3 from sheet 2. Sheet 3 will have a chance to settle down against the stack before sheet 2 is fed since air knife 80 has been turned off. Belts 71 are stopped just before sheet 1 uncovers the vacuum plenum completely in order to enhance the dropping of any sheets that are tacked to sheet 2 back down upon the stack and to feed the sheets in time with images produced on the photoreceptor. When a signal is received from a conventional controller to feed another sheet, belts 71 are turned in a clockwise direction to feed sheet 2. Knife 80 is also turned ON and appiied air pressured to the front of the stack to insure separation of sheet 2 from any other sheets and assist the vacuum plenum in lifting the front end of the sheet up against corrugation rail 76 which is an additional means of insuring against multi-sheet feeding. Knife 80 may be either left continuously "ON" or valved "ON" - "OFF" during apprGpriate times in the feed cycle. Light~veight flimsy sheet feeding is enhanced with this method of feeding since sheet 2 is easily adhered to the vacuum plenurn while sheet 1 is being fed by transport rollers 17 and 19. Also, gravity will conform the front and rear portions of sheet 2 against the stack while the concavity produced in the sheet by the vacuum plenum remains.
Referring more particularly to Figure 3, there is disclosed a plurality of feed belts 71 supported for movement on rollers. Spaced within the run of belts 71 there is provided a vacuum plenum 75 having an opening therein adapted for cooperation with perforations 72 in the belts to provide a vacuum for pulling the top sheet in the stack onto the belts 71. The plenum is provided with a centraliy located projecting portion 76 so that upon capture of the top sheet in the stack by the belts a corrugation will be produced in the sheet. Thus, the sheet is corrugated In a double valley configuration The flat surfaces of the vacuu n belts on ~2~5~3 each side of the projecting portion of the vacuum plenum generates a region of maximum stress in the sheet wh~ch varies with the beam strength of the sheet. In the unlikely event more than one sheet is pulled to the belts, the second sheet resists the corrugation action, thus gaps are opened between sheets 1 and 2 which extend to their lead edges. The gaps and channels reduce the vacuum levels betvveen sheets 1 and 2 due to porosity in sheet 1 and provide for entry of the separating air flow of the air knife 80.
By suitable valving and controls, it is desirable to provide a delay between the time the vacuum is applied to pull the document up to the feed belts and the start up of the belts to assure that the top sheet in the stack is captured before belt movement commences and to allow time for the air knife to separate sheet 1 from sheet 2 or any other sheets that were pulled up.
The improved air knife 80 shown in greater detail in Figures 4 -6 contains fluffer jets 101 and 102 in accordance with the instant invention, vectored auxiliary fluffer jets 96 and 97 and a converqing slot jet 84. The pressurized air plenum 83 and converging slot jet 84 includes an array of separated air nozzles 90 - g5 that are angled upward with respect to the front edge of the sheet stack The center two nozzles 92 and 93 essentially direct air streams in slightly inwardly directed parallel air streams v~hile the tvvo end sets of nozzles 90, 91 and 94, 95 are angled toward the center of the parallel air streams of nozzles 92 and 93 and provide converging streams of air. ~ypically, the end nozzles 90 and 91 are slanted at angles of 37 and 54 degrees, respectively. The same holds true for nozzres 94 and 95, that is, nozzle 94 at 54 degrees and nozzle 95 at 37 degrees are slanted ~nward toward the center of the nozzle group.
Nozzles 92 and 93 are angled to direct the main air stream at an angle of 68 degrees respectively. Nozzles 90 through 95 are all arranged in a plane so that the air stream which emerges from the nozzles is essentially planar. As the streams produced from nozzles 90 through 95 emerges from the ends of the nozzles they tend to converge laterally toward the center of the nozzle grouping This may be more graphically illustrated in Figure 7A which shows the streams converging laterally. With thls contraction of the air stream and the plane of the air stream, there must -l3-1~895~3 be an expansion in the direction perpendicular to the air stream. Stated in another manner, while the air stream converges essentially horizontally in an inclined plane, it expands vertically which is graphically illustrated in the side view of the air stream of Figure 7A which is shown in Figure 7B. If the air knife is positioned such that the lateral convergence of the air stream and the vertical expansion of the air stream occurs at the center of the lead edge of a stack of sheets and particularly in between the sheet to be separated and the rest of the stack, the vertical pressure between the sheet and the rest of the stack, greatly facilitates separation of the sheet from the remainder of the stack.
It has been found that the pneumatic sensitivity exhibited by previous vacuum corrugation feeders mentioned hereinbe~ore wnen speeded up to 150 cpm is due largely to the presence of a large slug of unfluffed paper driven toward the feedhead. Also, the lack of stack height latitude is caused by a complete loss of stagnation pressure in the lower 4mm of the 8mm front fluffer jet height. Therefore, as seen in Figure 10, the height of the fluffer jets was increased to 12mm with a lower stack position so that the stack would rest 4mm above the bottom of the fluffer jets leaving 8mm of fluffer height available to fluff paper.
This in itself was not entirely satisfactory. While it aided in stack height latitude, the appearance of slugs.of paper was still evident. A trapezoidal shaped fluffer jet pair as shown in Figures 8 and 9 was added which not only evenly distributed the pressure down the 12mm height of the jets, but also, proportionecl the force available to break and lift sheets by tapering the fluffing area. This improvement allows the greater force to be available at the bottom of the fluffing area, while the top fluffing area has less force to lift slugs of sheets into the feedhead. As a result of these trapezoidal shaped fluffer jet sets; slugs were virtually eliminated, i e., (fluff varies from course to fine as the stack height varies); reliable feeding of 13# to 110# paper was accomplished; stack height latitude increased from +lmm to +4mm; relief valves in both the pressure and vacuum sides were eliminated in the vacuum corrugation feeder tested; and cost of the feeder was reduced by relaxing tolerance on the distance between the top of the sheet stack and the feedhead. Preferably, fluffer jets 101 and 102 have a 4mm base ancl 2mm top opening as shown in Figure 8.
1289~83 Stress cases, such as downcurled stiff sheets, however, show alarge resistance to fluffing when acted upon by separation or fluffing jets 101 and 102 which are essentially perpendicularto thestack lead edge. A
cure to this resistance to fluffing is incorporated into air knife 80 such that the reliability is greatly enhanced and this is by including vectored auxiliary fluffer jets at prescribed angles with reference to the stack edge and located in a manner with reference to the existing main fluffer jets.
These additional angled vectored auxiliary fluffer jets 96 and 97 are critical in the proper feeding of stressful paper.
It has been found that optimum results can be obtained when feeding downcurled sheets with the use of vectored jets 96 and 97 if jet 96 as shown in Figure 6 with respect to a plane parallel to the lead of the stack is at an angle of 56 degrees from the vertical and angled toward one side of the stack lead edge at an angle of 43 degrees with respect to the stack lead edge. Vector jet 97 is optimally positioned at an angle of 56 degrees with respect to the stack lead edge and angled toward the other side of the stack at an angle of 39 degrees. It should be understood that vectored auxiliary fluffer jets are not necessary for the feeder of the present invention to function as required.
It should now be apparent that the separation capability of the vacuum corrugation feeder disclosed herein is highly sensitive to air knife pressure against a sheet stack as well as the amount of vacuum pressure directed against the top sheet in the stack. Disclosed herein is a modification of the slots of the air fluffer jets of a top vacuum corrugation feeder from oval to trapezoidal. The trapezoidal slots create a reduced pressure toward the top of the stack to diminish the raising of slugs of sheets up to the vacuum feedhead.
In addition to the method and apparatus disclosed above, other modifications and/or additions will readily appear to those skilled in the art upon reading this disclosure and are intended to be encompassed within the invention disclosed and claimed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the uppermost sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife means including trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets adapted to create a reduced pressure toward the top of the stack in order to diminish the raising of slugs of unfluffed sheets to said feedhead.
2. The top sheet feeding apparatus of Claim 1, wherein said trapezoidal shaped fluffer jets have a base width of approximately 4mm and a top portion width of approximately 2mm.
3. The top sheet feeding apparatus of Claim 1, wherein the fluffing of sheets in the stack varies from course to fine as the height of the stack varies.
4. The top sheet feeding apparatus of Claim 2, wherein the sheet stack is positioned so that the top sheet in the stack is approximately 8mm from said top portion and 4mm from said base of said fluffer jets.
5. A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the uppermost sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife means including orifice means adapted to apply less pressure to a top portion of the sheet stack than all other portions of the sheet stack.
6. A top sheet feeding apparatus comprising a sheet stack support tray for supporting a stack of sheets within the tray, air knife means positioned immediately adjacent the front of said stack of sheets for applying a positive pressure to the sheet stack in order to separate the upper most sheet in the stack from the rest of the stack, and feedhead means including a vacuum plenum chamber positioned over the front of the sheet stack having a negative pressure applied thereto during feeding, said vacuum plenum chamber having a sheet corrugation member located in the center of its bottom surface and perforated feed belt means associated with said vacuum plenum chamber to transport the sheets acquired by said vacuum plenum chamber in a forward direction out of the stack support tray, characterized by said air knife including nozzle means having an area for fluffing a portion of sheets in the stack, said area for fluffing being adapted such that air pressure in said area for fluffing increases from top to bottom thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/879,742 US4699369A (en) | 1986-06-27 | 1986-06-27 | Front air knife improvement for a top vacuum corrugation feeder |
| US879,742 | 1986-06-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1289583C true CA1289583C (en) | 1991-09-24 |
Family
ID=25374801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000536988A Expired - Fee Related CA1289583C (en) | 1986-06-27 | 1987-05-13 | Front air knife improvement for a top vacuum corrugation feeder |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4699369A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0251616B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2578812B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1289583C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3773764D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LU86728A1 (en) * | 1986-12-30 | 1988-07-14 | Guy Martin | DEVICE FOR TAKING PLANAR SHEETS |
| US4887805A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-12-19 | Xerox Corporation | Top vacuum corrugation feeder |
| JP2934442B2 (en) * | 1988-09-19 | 1999-08-16 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Paper sheet separating and feeding device and sheet separating and feeding method |
| DE3901907C1 (en) * | 1989-01-24 | 1990-03-22 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag, 6900 Heidelberg, De | |
| US5328165A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1994-07-12 | Guy Martin | Device for the take-up of plane sheets with peel-off by turbulent air flow |
| EP0411533B1 (en) * | 1989-07-31 | 1995-11-15 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Recirculating sheet feeding apparatus |
| US5190276A (en) * | 1990-03-13 | 1993-03-02 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Sheet feeding apparatus |
| JP2578238B2 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1997-02-05 | シャープ株式会社 | Top sheet feeding device |
| JP2578237B2 (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1997-02-05 | シャープ株式会社 | Sheet feeding device |
| US5052675A (en) * | 1990-06-21 | 1991-10-01 | Xerox Corporation | Top vacuum corrugation feeder with aerodynamic drag separation |
| GB2264768B (en) * | 1992-03-02 | 1996-04-03 | Xerox Corp | Air injection device |
| AT397633B (en) * | 1992-06-12 | 1994-05-25 | Burger Manfred | ADDITIONAL DEVICE FOR A PRINTING MACHINE FOR PRINTING COVERS |
| US5344133A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-09-06 | Eastman Kodak Company | Vacuum belt feeder having a positive air pressure separator and method of using a vacuum belt feeder |
| GB2276872B (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1997-01-22 | Licentia Gmbh | Apparatus for separately removing flat articles from a stack |
| US5394229A (en) * | 1993-06-29 | 1995-02-28 | Xerox Corporation | Retard feed apparatus with noise suppression device |
| US5429348A (en) * | 1994-03-07 | 1995-07-04 | Xerox Corporation | Adjustable top vacuum corrugation feeder |
| JPH08231075A (en) | 1994-11-22 | 1996-09-10 | Xerox Corp | High accuracy speed control device and method |
| DE29503618U1 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 1995-04-20 | Heidelberger Druckmasch Ag | Loosening device |
| US6629692B2 (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2003-10-07 | Nexpress Solutions Llc | Device for separating an uppermost sheet from a supply stack by means of air blowers |
| DE10008909B4 (en) * | 2000-02-25 | 2011-05-12 | Eastman Kodak Co. | Apparatus for separating a topmost sheet from a supply stack by means of air blowing means |
| US7007944B1 (en) * | 2000-10-14 | 2006-03-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Pulsed airknife control for a vacuum corrugated feed supply |
| US20050280198A1 (en) * | 2004-06-21 | 2005-12-22 | Eastman Kodak Company | Devices and methods for flipping a sheet with blowing assistance |
| JP4481844B2 (en) * | 2005-02-03 | 2010-06-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | Sheet feeding apparatus and image forming apparatus |
| US7419462B1 (en) * | 2005-06-13 | 2008-09-02 | Dixie Consumer Products Llc | Pressware die set with pneumatic blank feed |
| US20070228066A1 (en) * | 2006-04-04 | 2007-10-04 | Almas Paul R | Vacuum based napkin dispenser |
| JP2011225370A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-11-10 | Toshiba Corp | Device and method for handling of paper sheet |
| JP5284385B2 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2013-09-11 | キヤノン株式会社 | Sheet feeding apparatus and image forming apparatus |
Family Cites Families (28)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US868317A (en) * | 1904-12-30 | 1907-10-15 | Arthur S Allen | Paper-feeding mechanism. |
| US1721608A (en) * | 1927-08-11 | 1929-07-23 | Dexter Folder Co | Sheet feeder |
| US1867038A (en) * | 1929-11-27 | 1932-07-12 | Miller Printing Machinery Co | Sheet separating device |
| US2224802A (en) * | 1938-05-30 | 1940-12-10 | Spless Georg | Device for lifting the uppermost sheet from a pile |
| US2895552A (en) * | 1955-08-10 | 1959-07-21 | John Waldron Corp | Transverse web cutting apparatus having sheet delivery mechanism using timed vacuum belts |
| US2979329A (en) * | 1956-12-24 | 1961-04-11 | Ibm | Paper feeding mechanism |
| NL249532A (en) * | 1959-03-17 | |||
| US3041067A (en) * | 1960-09-16 | 1962-06-26 | Burroughs Corp | Pneumatic sheet feeding mechanism |
| GB938500A (en) * | 1961-09-23 | 1963-10-02 | Deritend Eng Co | Improved suction feed mechanism for cardboard and like blanks |
| US3260520A (en) * | 1964-03-09 | 1966-07-12 | Gen Electric | Document handling apparatus |
| US3424453A (en) * | 1965-08-30 | 1969-01-28 | Mohawk Data Sciences Corp | Card picker mechanism |
| US3614089A (en) * | 1969-06-16 | 1971-10-19 | Copystatics Mfg Corp | Automatic original feeder for copying machine |
| US3595563A (en) * | 1969-09-15 | 1971-07-27 | Olivetti & Co Spa | Sheet-feeding apparatus |
| US3837638A (en) * | 1971-06-23 | 1974-09-24 | Ibm | Sheet pick-up and feeding device |
| US3770266A (en) * | 1971-08-23 | 1973-11-06 | Billco Mfg Inc | Handling sheet material |
| GB1427919A (en) * | 1972-06-19 | 1976-03-10 | Imaging Technology Ltd | Sheet feeding station for processing machines |
| US3837639A (en) * | 1973-06-22 | 1974-09-24 | Sperry Rand Corp | Free jet record separator |
| US4157177A (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1979-06-05 | Dr. Otto C. Strecker Kg. | Apparatus for converting a stream of partly overlapping sheets into a stack |
| JPS5570644A (en) * | 1978-11-21 | 1980-05-28 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Air type sheet feeder |
| US4269406A (en) * | 1979-10-03 | 1981-05-26 | Xerox Corporation | Document handler |
| US4306684A (en) * | 1979-12-04 | 1981-12-22 | American Can Company | Low noise air nozzle |
| CH642251A5 (en) * | 1979-12-22 | 1984-04-13 | Straumann Inst Ag | BALL JOINT PROSTHESIS WITH A CAP. |
| US4418905A (en) * | 1981-11-02 | 1983-12-06 | Xerox Corporation | Sheet feeding apparatus |
| US4451028A (en) * | 1981-11-27 | 1984-05-29 | Xerox Corporation | Sheet feeding apparatus |
| US4568073A (en) * | 1982-11-24 | 1986-02-04 | Tektronix, Inc. | Paper handling apparatus for a copier |
| US4589647A (en) * | 1984-11-29 | 1986-05-20 | Xerox Corporation | Top vacuum corrugation feeder with a valveless feedhead |
| JPS61254439A (en) * | 1985-05-01 | 1986-11-12 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Sheet feeder |
| US4627605A (en) * | 1985-11-06 | 1986-12-09 | Xerox Corporation | Front air knife top vacuum corrugation feeder |
-
1986
- 1986-06-27 US US06/879,742 patent/US4699369A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1987
- 1987-05-13 CA CA000536988A patent/CA1289583C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1987-06-19 JP JP62153232A patent/JP2578812B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-22 DE DE8787305509T patent/DE3773764D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-06-22 EP EP87305509A patent/EP0251616B1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2578812B2 (en) | 1997-02-05 |
| EP0251616B1 (en) | 1991-10-16 |
| EP0251616A3 (en) | 1989-03-15 |
| JPS638137A (en) | 1988-01-13 |
| DE3773764D1 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
| US4699369A (en) | 1987-10-13 |
| EP0251616A2 (en) | 1988-01-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKLA | Lapsed |