CA1297956C - Rotating contact zif connector - Google Patents
Rotating contact zif connectorInfo
- Publication number
- CA1297956C CA1297956C CA000592622A CA592622A CA1297956C CA 1297956 C CA1297956 C CA 1297956C CA 000592622 A CA000592622 A CA 000592622A CA 592622 A CA592622 A CA 592622A CA 1297956 C CA1297956 C CA 1297956C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- printed wiring
- contact
- wiring board
- connector
- connector assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/70—Coupling devices
- H01R12/82—Coupling devices connected with low or zero insertion force
- H01R12/83—Coupling devices connected with low or zero insertion force connected with pivoting of printed circuits or like after insertion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R12/00—Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, specially adapted for printed circuits, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB], flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures, e.g. terminal strips, terminal blocks; Coupling devices specially adapted for printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures; Terminals specially adapted for contact with, or insertion into, printed circuits, flat or ribbon cables, or like generally planar structures
- H01R12/70—Coupling devices
- H01R12/71—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures
- H01R12/72—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures
- H01R12/73—Coupling devices for rigid printing circuits or like structures coupling with the edge of the rigid printed circuits or like structures connecting to other rigid printed circuits or like structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R35/00—Flexible or turnable line connectors, i.e. the rotation angle being limited
- H01R35/04—Turnable line connectors with limited rotation angle with frictional contact members
Abstract
ROTATING CONTACT ZIF CONNECTOR
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A two-piece rotating contact zero insertion force connector is used to interconnect printed circuit boards (daughter boards) to backplanes (mother boards), cables to panels or cables to cables. This is accomplished by rotating one-half of the mating contacts relative to the other half to complete the necessary electrical connection. A number of different rotating contact designs are included which could be utilized to implement the overall concept.
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A two-piece rotating contact zero insertion force connector is used to interconnect printed circuit boards (daughter boards) to backplanes (mother boards), cables to panels or cables to cables. This is accomplished by rotating one-half of the mating contacts relative to the other half to complete the necessary electrical connection. A number of different rotating contact designs are included which could be utilized to implement the overall concept.
Description
~29~9~6 83~
ROTATIN~ ~ONTACT ZIF CONNECTOR
BAcKGRouND-oE-THE-INvENTIoN
1. FIELD_OF THE INVENTIQN
The present invention relates to printed wirin board connector~ and more particularly to a connector arrangement that utilizes rotating contacts o-~ unique design to provide a zero insertion force type of connector.
ROTATIN~ ~ONTACT ZIF CONNECTOR
BAcKGRouND-oE-THE-INvENTIoN
1. FIELD_OF THE INVENTIQN
The present invention relates to printed wirin board connector~ and more particularly to a connector arrangement that utilizes rotating contacts o-~ unique design to provide a zero insertion force type of connector.
2. ~ACKGROUND INFORMATION
Zero insertion ~orce connectors have been available in the marketplace for well over a decade. Their acceptance by the user community has been spar~e and slow largely due to the relative high c03t per contact compared to conventional printed circuit board connectors.
Conventional zero in3ertion force connectors consist of 1~ a molded plastic body equipped with two rows o~ contacts located along both sides of a narrow slot into which a printed circuit board is :inserted. At this point no electrical contact is made between the connector contacts and the printed circuit board. Typica:lly, a lever-actuated cam internal to the connector body prevents the contact engagement from occurring. When the lever i~ then actuated the c~m sur~ace3 cau~e the connector contacts to tran~late and make elec-trical contacts with the printed circuit board tabs. This procedure is reversed prior to removing the 2~ printed circuit board Erom the zero in~ertion ~orce connector.
, .. . .
~97915~
Connector blocks of this type~have been disclosed in U.S. Paten-t No. 3,526,869, a connector disclo~ed therein also re~uires a large number of part3 and iB expensive to manufacture in term~ of the cos-t, part~ and labor to 5 assemble the parts. Further, o~ course, as with any zero in~ertion force connector arrangement such as this, after the daughter board has been in~erted it then becomes necessary as a separate step to actuate the cam means to form the electrical connections. Frequently the electrical connections achieved by the conventional zero force type connector do not include the wiping action between the terminal and circuit board pad 90 that it is po~sible -that there may be an undesirably high contact resistance developed between the terminal and the daughter board.
16 Contact wiping action has long been recognized a~ a good method of breaking through oxides and other insulating film~
that occur on contact inter~ace~. It is al~o well known that a contact wiping action will al~o push particulant matter, which can cause electrical opens, away from the point of ~lectrical contack.
Thus, it is obvious from the foregoing that contact wiping action will tend to promote low and stable contact resistance. Another di~advantag~ to current zero insertion force connector~ is their mean~ of actuation. This actuation mechani~m i~ generally located at one end of the connector body where actuation ha~ occurred by rotating a lever through a 90 degree angle or applying a pu~h pull force to a straight rod. In many card file~, a~ utilized in ;
~297~S~
-telephone central office ~witching systems and in some computers, the connectors are located in the backplaDe at the back of -the ~ile and cannot be accessed from the front to perform the necessary zero insertion ~orce ac-tuation sequence. Since cards are inserted and extracted from the -~ront o~ the card file, the use o~ zero insertion force connectors at the back of the file is very cumber00me at best. This "volumetric" approach to packaging o~ printed circuit boards and backplanes however has found wide usage throughout the electronic industry.
A "planar" approach to printed circuit board packaging is being explored and pursued by some manufacturers.
Instead o~ mounting the printed circuit board~ perpendicular to the backplane, they are mounted parallel to it. Such an 15 arrangement i0 also 0ugge0ted in U.S. Patent 3,701,071 and U.S. Patent 4,273,401. In the pre0ent application, the particular implementation proposed is substantially ; dif-ferent than that taught in the prior art.
SUMMA~Y OF_THE INVENTION
In the pre0ent invention planar mounted daughter board~
are employed. That is to say that both mother and daughter boards -ln ultimate pos:ition or usage lie in parallel planes. While such an arrangement has obviou~ advantages in terms of packag:;ng, it has been found to be somewhat di~ficult to connecterize. Accordin~ly, the two piece zero insertion force connector descr:ibed in the present application has been designed particularly for u~e with i ~, ~2~7~51E~
planar mounted printed circuit boards. The par-ticular con~-truc-tion of the prin-ted circu:it board i~ not necessarily part of the pre~ent invention and they may be manufactured of any typical ~aterial now in u~e, ~uch as ceramic, glas~
reinforced epoxy or of in~ulated metal core con~truction.
In the arrangement taught in the present invention, one hal~
of the two piece zero insertion force connector is mounted on the mother board and the other half mounted on the daughter board. Initially, the two halve~ are mated with the daughter board being placed perpendicular to the mother board. Thi~ card orientation, during the mating operation, simplifie~ the printed circuit board moun-ting. Due to the de~ign of the contact~ employed, the initial engagement force i~ zero. After this the daughter board and i-ts connector half iB rotated through an angle to a po~ition parallel to the mother board. The pivot point i~
e~tabli~hed by pivot pins and pivot slot~ located on the ends o-f both connector halves. It is during thi~ rotation that the contact force~ and contact wiping action i9 ~enerated. A number of different contact de~ign~ have been employed for u~e in the pre~ent invention that sati~fy the requirements of rotation through an angle for actuation. It 3hould be pointed out, however, that the angle of rotation i~ not nece~arily cr:itical in all de~ign~ and might have a tolerance a~ hlgh a~ 90 degree~ plu8 or minu~ 45 degree~.
Inas~nuch a~ the rotation 1~ not critical, another de~ree of freedom i~ afforded to the engineer when working in the planar- mode. That is, full rotation through an angle ~75~5~
of 90 degrees would occupy a particular amount of space on the associated mother board. However, it i~ al~o possible to only rotate the card ~5 degrees and latch ;t in this po~ition, there-~ore the ~pace required on the a~sociated mother board would be less than three quarters of that of a fully rotated card. Whi le in thi~ arrangement the component height o~f o-f the mother board would be increased, ~pace below the card could be used to mount o-ther components. It i~ also pos~ible by virtue of the teachings o-f the pre~ent invention to place circuit board components on the underneath side of the daughter board rather than OD the top side of the daughter board by merely ex-tending the mounting portions of the associated plastic housing o~ the connector.
In referriDg to the contact~ in the preferred de~ign, a similar contact iB used in both halves o-f the connector, each includes an embossed section which cau~as a depression on one side of the contact and a raised portion on the other. During zero force engagement, the raised side of the embos~ of one contact is nested in the recessed side of the emboss on -the other. Thus, when the contacts are rotated at degrees to each other, the embos~ed portions interfere with each other and thq resulting interferences causes the contacts being forced apart. It is thi~ ~orce that generates the contact force to create a reliable two point electrical connection as well as a desirable wlping action.
~29'795~
_P~IEF_DESCRIPTION_QF_T~lE_DRgWINGS
FI~ a perspective view of a zero in~ertion force connector arrangement a~ taught by the pre~ent invention ~howing the mother and daughter board in location prior to their engagement.
FIG. 2 is a prospect:ive view of a connector arrangement in accordance with the present invention 3howing the mother and daughter board after engagement and rotation through 90 degrees to establi~h connection between the contacts.
FIG~. 3A and 3B ~how a ~ide view of the connec-tor arrangement in accordance with the pre~ent invention in both the initial and engaged po~ition~ with khe component~ on the printed circuit board mounted on the top of the printed circuit board.
16 FIG~. 4A and 4B ~how an alternate form o-P the connector form of the pre~ent arrangement wherein the printed circuit board components are shown on the bottom of the printed circuit board.
FIGs. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D and 5E ~how variou~ view~ of the preferred type~ of contacts utilized in the present invention.
FI~. 6A, 6B, 6a, 6D and 6E ~how an alternate form of contacts for use in the present invention.
FI~s. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D and 7E 9how view~ of another alternate Porm of contact for u~e in the present invention.
FIG~. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D and 8E ~how still another form of contact arrangement for use in the pre~ent invention.
FI~. 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D show yet another alternate form gS~
o-~ contact arrangement for use in the present invention.
FIGs. 10~, 10B, 10C, 10D and 10E ~how a final alternate ~orm of contact arrangel~ent for use in the present invention.
DESCRIPTION_OF_THE_PREFERRED_EMBODIMENT
Re~erring now to FIG. 1, a two piece zero inaertion -force connec-tor in accordance wi-th the pre~ent invention is shown in per~pective form. As may be ~een in FIG. 1, a mother board 11 t having a plurality of circuit conductors such as 13 has a lower portion of the connector mounted thereon. The lower portion of the connector con~ists of a u-~haped plastic or other in~ulated material base unit 14, having up~tanding earlike projection~ on either end thereof de~ignated 15A and 15B located on each of the end projection~ and projecting portions are pivot pins 16A and 16B, respectively. Included in the ba~e 14A are a plurality of contacts like l9A which pass through the ba~e portion of lower connector section 14 and make electrical contact with the circuit connector cond~lctor~ ~uch a~ 13. Shown in an upright or vertical po~ition prior to joining the upper and lower connector ~ections i8 daughter board 12 on which i~
~ounted at either end thereof the other portion of the zero insertion force connector in accordance with the pre~ent invention eon~i~ting of cireuit board ~upport~ 17A and 17B
each including a plvot receiv:lng slot ~uch as 18A and 18n re~pectively. Al~o included are a plurality of eircuit eontact~ such a~ 19~ which are electrieally eonneeted to the ". , ~2~7~S~
componen-ts mounted on daughter board 12. Initially the two halves of the connector are mated with the daughter board 12 perpendicular to mother bQard 11. A~ may be seen from the drawing of FIC7. 1, the embo~3es on contact~ 19A and l~B
directly engage with each other aa the daughter board i~
brought down with the pivot ~lots 18A and 18B engaging the pivots 16A and 16~. Because of the design of the contact~, thi~ initial engagement f-orce i9 zero. The contacts are engaged and the pivots rest in the pivot slots, the daughter board i~ rotated 90 degrees to the location shown in FIG. 2.
It is during thi~ rotation that the contact forces and contact wiping action are generated. A further understanding may also be had by to reference to FIG. 3A and 3B wherein again the daughter board 32 i~ ~hown in the vertica]. position relative to the mother board 31, but with the pivot slots in the pivot pin~ and then as seen in FIG.
3B with the daughter board rotated 90 degrees to e~tablish the connections. As may be seen in FIGa. 3A and 3B, a daughter board combined support and lock 36 as shown in FI~.
3A or 35 and 39 ~hown in FI~. 3B is included as a portion of the lower part o-E the connector. ~9 can be readily seen in FIG. 3B the daughter board 32 once in the parallel or horizontal po~ition relatlve to mother board 31 is ~upported and locked ~nto po~ition by ~upport 39 and 2~ adjacent daughter board such as 36 would be supported and engaged by ~upport 36, etc.
Because the angle oE rotation i9 not criticall ~ub~tantial freedo~ of design i9 afEorded by means of the ~7~i present arrangement when working in the planar mode. A~ may be readily seen if the support members such as 39 and 35 were made much taller, the connector~ such a~ 33 and 37 (FIG. 3B) could be placed clo~er together and the card might be rotated something less than a full 90 degrees such a~, for example, 4~ degree~. In thi~ case the projected area on the mother board occupied by the re~ultant a~sembly would be les~ than three quarters of the space occupied by a fully rotated card. In another arrangement, component height off the mother board could be increa~ed and the ~pace below the card could be u~ed to mount other component~. Such an arrangement is ~hown in FIG~. 4A and 4B whereby placing the conneckor half on the underside of the card as may be ~een in FI~. 4B, the profile of components could be then moùnted on the mother board underneath the daughter board.
As may be seen in FI~. 3A, 3B, 4A and 4B, when an array o~ printed wiring boards are mounted on a mother board, the sprillg latch for one card may be part of the molded pla~tic housing of an adjacent connector. Such an arrangement clearly minimize~ the amount of additional mounting hardware required.
Referring now to FIG. 5A, ~hown in per~pective form is an embos~ed blade contact, which may be considered a preferred de~:lgn for u~e Ln the connector of the present invention. Both contact~ 61 and 52 are identical as used in the two halves of the connector of the preseDt invention.
During zero force engagement, the raised ~ide 54 of the g , .
~zc~
embo~s o~ one contact is nested in the recessed side 53 of the emboss on the other contact ~1. The top view of both contncts prior to engagement is shown in FIG. 5D ta~en along lines ~D and 5D' shown in FI~. ~B, wherein i-t can be readily seen how contacts 51 and 52 have their raised and depressed portions o-f the embosses nesting in each ~ther. Because o~
the design of the embosses, zero force engagement takes place.
When the contacts are rotated 90 degree~ to each other as shown in FIG. 5C, the embosses then interfere with each other and the resulting interference causes the contacts to be forced apart as can be seen in FIG. 5E, which is taken along section lines 5E and 5E prime of FIG. 5C. It is this force that generates the contact force to create a reliable two point electrical contact. Both contacts may be plated with a noble medal1 such as gold, which is typical practice for electrical contacts of this nature.
In practice, these contacts would be arranged in their connector bodies with every other contact of embo~s ~acing one way, with the remaining con-tact~ facing in the oppo~ite direction. By doLng thls, the contact ~orces generated during gO degree rotation cancel each other out thereby eliminating any ~ide thru~t eorce~ between mating connector halve~. Plvot pLns and locking pLvot slot~ located at the end~ of -the connectors act a~ the pivot points during rotation and also prevent the connector halves from di~enagiDg during and after rotation as may be seen again by referring to FIGS. 1 and 2.
~Z97~5~;
Con-tact sequencing (make first, break last, e-tc.3 can be accomplished by changing the relative ~izes o-f the two embosses and selectively loading them in the connector body during manufacture. When the recess side o~ the embo~s i~
wider than the raised emboss on the mating contact, the point at which electrical contact is e~tablished, occurs at a different angle during the rotation than when both embo3se~ are the same size and width. Thus, by varying the relative sizes of the embosses, such as 53 and 54, as seen in FIG. 5A, it can be readily seen that normal make first and make last contact types can be created and employed within the same conhector body. It should also be noted that since this contact system i8 hermaphroditic in nature, it i9 pos~ible to double the useful lif~ (that i9 the Dumber 16 of mating and unmating cycles) if initially the-near sides of the contacts are mated and then they are repositioned withill the connector ~o as to engage the far sides. This ; duality of electrical contact surfaces could be used to double the longevity of the connector ~ystem in accordance with the pre~ent invention when utilized ln the field.
An additional Eeature o~ the present contact sy~tem i~
that rotation of the contact is not necessary to develop the contact forces to create a reliable connection. Straight translation along the axis of the emboss will also create 26 contact. If the length I,2 of the rece~ed emboss as seen in FI~. 5A is much smaller than the length Ll of the raised emboss, contact engagement will occur when the depth of ~29~95~
insertion is equal to ~2. I~ -~ull depth inser-tion iB equaL
to Ll, then the point of electrical contact will occur on a line equal in len~th to Ll - ~2. By using thi~ embo~ blade contact in both the rotatiDg and tran~l~ting mode3, it is possible to double the number of input and output connection~ on a given daughter board/mother board combination. That i~, addi-tional connectors could be placed on the end of daughter board~ at the end opposite to those previou~ly described; with direct non-rotating contact being e~tablished as outlined above.
FIG. 6A show~ in perspective a split blade contact design wherein a groove pas~es through the center of the embossed ~ection. Mating occurs as ~hown initially in FIGo 6B and 6D where the embo~ses nest within each other and then upon rotation as ~hown in FIG. 6C contact is establi~hed a~
shown in FIG. 6E.
FIG. 7A show~ in per~pective another contact design, utilizing embo~ed blade and fork arrangement, wherein the embos~ed or projection ~ection placed within the fork and Ealls within the fork as ~hown in FIG. 7B ~nd fall~ within the opening of the Xork a~ ~hown in FIG~ 7D. Upon rotation, the rai~ed or embos~ed portion forces the edge~ of the ~ork to deflect and to prov:ide a firm contact a~ ~hown in FIG.
7E.
FI~. 8A 0how~ :in per~pective .Porm a rotat:ing wedge and fork zero in~ertion force contact de~ign wherein the rotatin wedge i~ in~erted within the fork and then on rotation as ~hown in FIG. 8C e~tabli~he~ contact with the fork edges as shown in FIG. 8E. Such an arrangement ha~ all the attributes of the arrangement shQwn in FIG. 7, excep-t that the method of' generating the contact forces between the wedge and the fork is di~ferent. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 8A, the wedge is shaped like an elipse where dimension a, as may be seen in FIG. 8B, is larger than dimension b. The width of the ~lot c is larger than b and smaller than a. During engagement dimension b beiDg smaller than dimension c, permits zero insertion f'orce operation.
When the two are rotated 90 degrees to each other, as can be seen in FIG. 8C, the wedge is caused to spread the tines of the f'ork due to the inter~erence created by dimension a o~
the wedge and dimension c of the fork. Two point~ of contact having a f'orce e are created on the inside surface of' the fork as shown in detail in FIG. 8C and also as may be seen in the side view taken along the ~ection lines 8E and 8F, as shown in FIG. 8E.
FIG. 9A shows in perspective a levered wedge and fork arrangement of zero force con-t~ct design. Rotation i~
required to actuate the contacts but the angle o~ rotation is much le~ than 90 degree~, the pivot point no longer at the point of` contact a~ it wa~ in the previou~ly de~cribed de~ign0. In this ca~e, the weclge in the upper portion appear~ as a cyl:inder having u diameter equal to dl. The lower portion, or fork, has a slot width, as may be ~een in FIG. 9~, equal to d2. Diumeter of` dl i~ greater than diameter d2 by a pre~cribed amount. When the wedge and f'ork ~9~5i6 as~embly are engaged, a~ shown in FIG. 9C, and rotated through an angle about the pivot point, as can be ~een :in FIG. 9D, -the wedge i~ forced into the fork slot with an iDterference fit. It is this interference fit that generates the nece~sary contact force F against contact point B.
A final contact arrangement is ~hown in perspective form in FIG. lOA in which a narrow slot effectively i~
placed through the center of embos~ed blade contacts, as may 1.0 be seen in FIG. lOA and lOB. This so-called bifurcated arrangement increa~e the probability of maintaining electrical contact in an environment containing in~ulating particulate matter. In this case~ bo-th of the mating corJtacts are bifurcated, the re~ult i~ quadruplicated electrical points of contact wherein normal bifurcated contact3 re~ult in only two point0 of contact rather than four. Very few contact ~ystem~ arrange for four points of contact becau~e of the high co~t normally associated therewith. In the pre~ent arrangement the embos~ed blade ~y~tem provides the nece~ary four points of electrical contact at little or no extra co~t.
A~ noted above, while the unique rotating contact ~ero in~ertion force connector of the present des:ign can employ any of the contact arrangement~ aet forth above, that ~hown FIGS. 5A, 5B1 6C i~ preferred.
While a number of embodiment3 of the pre~ent invention are ~hown, it will be obviou~ to those ~killed in the art that numcrou~ modifications can be made without departing .
~97~315~
from the spirit of the present inventlon which ~hal]. be limited oDly by the ~cope of the claims appended hereto.
Zero insertion ~orce connectors have been available in the marketplace for well over a decade. Their acceptance by the user community has been spar~e and slow largely due to the relative high c03t per contact compared to conventional printed circuit board connectors.
Conventional zero in3ertion force connectors consist of 1~ a molded plastic body equipped with two rows o~ contacts located along both sides of a narrow slot into which a printed circuit board is :inserted. At this point no electrical contact is made between the connector contacts and the printed circuit board. Typica:lly, a lever-actuated cam internal to the connector body prevents the contact engagement from occurring. When the lever i~ then actuated the c~m sur~ace3 cau~e the connector contacts to tran~late and make elec-trical contacts with the printed circuit board tabs. This procedure is reversed prior to removing the 2~ printed circuit board Erom the zero in~ertion ~orce connector.
, .. . .
~97915~
Connector blocks of this type~have been disclosed in U.S. Paten-t No. 3,526,869, a connector disclo~ed therein also re~uires a large number of part3 and iB expensive to manufacture in term~ of the cos-t, part~ and labor to 5 assemble the parts. Further, o~ course, as with any zero in~ertion force connector arrangement such as this, after the daughter board has been in~erted it then becomes necessary as a separate step to actuate the cam means to form the electrical connections. Frequently the electrical connections achieved by the conventional zero force type connector do not include the wiping action between the terminal and circuit board pad 90 that it is po~sible -that there may be an undesirably high contact resistance developed between the terminal and the daughter board.
16 Contact wiping action has long been recognized a~ a good method of breaking through oxides and other insulating film~
that occur on contact inter~ace~. It is al~o well known that a contact wiping action will al~o push particulant matter, which can cause electrical opens, away from the point of ~lectrical contack.
Thus, it is obvious from the foregoing that contact wiping action will tend to promote low and stable contact resistance. Another di~advantag~ to current zero insertion force connector~ is their mean~ of actuation. This actuation mechani~m i~ generally located at one end of the connector body where actuation ha~ occurred by rotating a lever through a 90 degree angle or applying a pu~h pull force to a straight rod. In many card file~, a~ utilized in ;
~297~S~
-telephone central office ~witching systems and in some computers, the connectors are located in the backplaDe at the back of -the ~ile and cannot be accessed from the front to perform the necessary zero insertion ~orce ac-tuation sequence. Since cards are inserted and extracted from the -~ront o~ the card file, the use o~ zero insertion force connectors at the back of the file is very cumber00me at best. This "volumetric" approach to packaging o~ printed circuit boards and backplanes however has found wide usage throughout the electronic industry.
A "planar" approach to printed circuit board packaging is being explored and pursued by some manufacturers.
Instead o~ mounting the printed circuit board~ perpendicular to the backplane, they are mounted parallel to it. Such an 15 arrangement i0 also 0ugge0ted in U.S. Patent 3,701,071 and U.S. Patent 4,273,401. In the pre0ent application, the particular implementation proposed is substantially ; dif-ferent than that taught in the prior art.
SUMMA~Y OF_THE INVENTION
In the pre0ent invention planar mounted daughter board~
are employed. That is to say that both mother and daughter boards -ln ultimate pos:ition or usage lie in parallel planes. While such an arrangement has obviou~ advantages in terms of packag:;ng, it has been found to be somewhat di~ficult to connecterize. Accordin~ly, the two piece zero insertion force connector descr:ibed in the present application has been designed particularly for u~e with i ~, ~2~7~51E~
planar mounted printed circuit boards. The par-ticular con~-truc-tion of the prin-ted circu:it board i~ not necessarily part of the pre~ent invention and they may be manufactured of any typical ~aterial now in u~e, ~uch as ceramic, glas~
reinforced epoxy or of in~ulated metal core con~truction.
In the arrangement taught in the present invention, one hal~
of the two piece zero insertion force connector is mounted on the mother board and the other half mounted on the daughter board. Initially, the two halve~ are mated with the daughter board being placed perpendicular to the mother board. Thi~ card orientation, during the mating operation, simplifie~ the printed circuit board moun-ting. Due to the de~ign of the contact~ employed, the initial engagement force i~ zero. After this the daughter board and i-ts connector half iB rotated through an angle to a po~ition parallel to the mother board. The pivot point i~
e~tabli~hed by pivot pins and pivot slot~ located on the ends o-f both connector halves. It is during thi~ rotation that the contact force~ and contact wiping action i9 ~enerated. A number of different contact de~ign~ have been employed for u~e in the pre~ent invention that sati~fy the requirements of rotation through an angle for actuation. It 3hould be pointed out, however, that the angle of rotation i~ not nece~arily cr:itical in all de~ign~ and might have a tolerance a~ hlgh a~ 90 degree~ plu8 or minu~ 45 degree~.
Inas~nuch a~ the rotation 1~ not critical, another de~ree of freedom i~ afforded to the engineer when working in the planar- mode. That is, full rotation through an angle ~75~5~
of 90 degrees would occupy a particular amount of space on the associated mother board. However, it i~ al~o possible to only rotate the card ~5 degrees and latch ;t in this po~ition, there-~ore the ~pace required on the a~sociated mother board would be less than three quarters of that of a fully rotated card. Whi le in thi~ arrangement the component height o~f o-f the mother board would be increased, ~pace below the card could be used to mount o-ther components. It i~ also pos~ible by virtue of the teachings o-f the pre~ent invention to place circuit board components on the underneath side of the daughter board rather than OD the top side of the daughter board by merely ex-tending the mounting portions of the associated plastic housing o~ the connector.
In referriDg to the contact~ in the preferred de~ign, a similar contact iB used in both halves o-f the connector, each includes an embossed section which cau~as a depression on one side of the contact and a raised portion on the other. During zero force engagement, the raised side of the embos~ of one contact is nested in the recessed side of the emboss on -the other. Thus, when the contacts are rotated at degrees to each other, the embos~ed portions interfere with each other and thq resulting interferences causes the contacts being forced apart. It is thi~ ~orce that generates the contact force to create a reliable two point electrical connection as well as a desirable wlping action.
~29'795~
_P~IEF_DESCRIPTION_QF_T~lE_DRgWINGS
FI~ a perspective view of a zero in~ertion force connector arrangement a~ taught by the pre~ent invention ~howing the mother and daughter board in location prior to their engagement.
FIG. 2 is a prospect:ive view of a connector arrangement in accordance with the present invention 3howing the mother and daughter board after engagement and rotation through 90 degrees to establi~h connection between the contacts.
FIG~. 3A and 3B ~how a ~ide view of the connec-tor arrangement in accordance with the pre~ent invention in both the initial and engaged po~ition~ with khe component~ on the printed circuit board mounted on the top of the printed circuit board.
16 FIG~. 4A and 4B ~how an alternate form o-P the connector form of the pre~ent arrangement wherein the printed circuit board components are shown on the bottom of the printed circuit board.
FIGs. 5A, 5B, 5C, 5D and 5E ~how variou~ view~ of the preferred type~ of contacts utilized in the present invention.
FI~. 6A, 6B, 6a, 6D and 6E ~how an alternate form of contacts for use in the present invention.
FI~s. 7A, 7B, 7C, 7D and 7E 9how view~ of another alternate Porm of contact for u~e in the present invention.
FIG~. 8A, 8B, 8C, 8D and 8E ~how still another form of contact arrangement for use in the pre~ent invention.
FI~. 9A, 9B, 9C and 9D show yet another alternate form gS~
o-~ contact arrangement for use in the present invention.
FIGs. 10~, 10B, 10C, 10D and 10E ~how a final alternate ~orm of contact arrangel~ent for use in the present invention.
DESCRIPTION_OF_THE_PREFERRED_EMBODIMENT
Re~erring now to FIG. 1, a two piece zero inaertion -force connec-tor in accordance wi-th the pre~ent invention is shown in per~pective form. As may be ~een in FIG. 1, a mother board 11 t having a plurality of circuit conductors such as 13 has a lower portion of the connector mounted thereon. The lower portion of the connector con~ists of a u-~haped plastic or other in~ulated material base unit 14, having up~tanding earlike projection~ on either end thereof de~ignated 15A and 15B located on each of the end projection~ and projecting portions are pivot pins 16A and 16B, respectively. Included in the ba~e 14A are a plurality of contacts like l9A which pass through the ba~e portion of lower connector section 14 and make electrical contact with the circuit connector cond~lctor~ ~uch a~ 13. Shown in an upright or vertical po~ition prior to joining the upper and lower connector ~ections i8 daughter board 12 on which i~
~ounted at either end thereof the other portion of the zero insertion force connector in accordance with the pre~ent invention eon~i~ting of cireuit board ~upport~ 17A and 17B
each including a plvot receiv:lng slot ~uch as 18A and 18n re~pectively. Al~o included are a plurality of eircuit eontact~ such a~ 19~ which are electrieally eonneeted to the ". , ~2~7~S~
componen-ts mounted on daughter board 12. Initially the two halves of the connector are mated with the daughter board 12 perpendicular to mother bQard 11. A~ may be seen from the drawing of FIC7. 1, the embo~3es on contact~ 19A and l~B
directly engage with each other aa the daughter board i~
brought down with the pivot ~lots 18A and 18B engaging the pivots 16A and 16~. Because of the design of the contact~, thi~ initial engagement f-orce i9 zero. The contacts are engaged and the pivots rest in the pivot slots, the daughter board i~ rotated 90 degrees to the location shown in FIG. 2.
It is during thi~ rotation that the contact forces and contact wiping action are generated. A further understanding may also be had by to reference to FIG. 3A and 3B wherein again the daughter board 32 i~ ~hown in the vertica]. position relative to the mother board 31, but with the pivot slots in the pivot pin~ and then as seen in FIG.
3B with the daughter board rotated 90 degrees to e~tablish the connections. As may be seen in FIGa. 3A and 3B, a daughter board combined support and lock 36 as shown in FI~.
3A or 35 and 39 ~hown in FI~. 3B is included as a portion of the lower part o-E the connector. ~9 can be readily seen in FIG. 3B the daughter board 32 once in the parallel or horizontal po~ition relatlve to mother board 31 is ~upported and locked ~nto po~ition by ~upport 39 and 2~ adjacent daughter board such as 36 would be supported and engaged by ~upport 36, etc.
Because the angle oE rotation i9 not criticall ~ub~tantial freedo~ of design i9 afEorded by means of the ~7~i present arrangement when working in the planar mode. A~ may be readily seen if the support members such as 39 and 35 were made much taller, the connector~ such a~ 33 and 37 (FIG. 3B) could be placed clo~er together and the card might be rotated something less than a full 90 degrees such a~, for example, 4~ degree~. In thi~ case the projected area on the mother board occupied by the re~ultant a~sembly would be les~ than three quarters of the space occupied by a fully rotated card. In another arrangement, component height off the mother board could be increa~ed and the ~pace below the card could be u~ed to mount other component~. Such an arrangement is ~hown in FIG~. 4A and 4B whereby placing the conneckor half on the underside of the card as may be ~een in FI~. 4B, the profile of components could be then moùnted on the mother board underneath the daughter board.
As may be seen in FI~. 3A, 3B, 4A and 4B, when an array o~ printed wiring boards are mounted on a mother board, the sprillg latch for one card may be part of the molded pla~tic housing of an adjacent connector. Such an arrangement clearly minimize~ the amount of additional mounting hardware required.
Referring now to FIG. 5A, ~hown in per~pective form is an embos~ed blade contact, which may be considered a preferred de~:lgn for u~e Ln the connector of the present invention. Both contact~ 61 and 52 are identical as used in the two halves of the connector of the preseDt invention.
During zero force engagement, the raised ~ide 54 of the g , .
~zc~
embo~s o~ one contact is nested in the recessed side 53 of the emboss on the other contact ~1. The top view of both contncts prior to engagement is shown in FIG. 5D ta~en along lines ~D and 5D' shown in FI~. ~B, wherein i-t can be readily seen how contacts 51 and 52 have their raised and depressed portions o-f the embosses nesting in each ~ther. Because o~
the design of the embosses, zero force engagement takes place.
When the contacts are rotated 90 degree~ to each other as shown in FIG. 5C, the embosses then interfere with each other and the resulting interference causes the contacts to be forced apart as can be seen in FIG. 5E, which is taken along section lines 5E and 5E prime of FIG. 5C. It is this force that generates the contact force to create a reliable two point electrical contact. Both contacts may be plated with a noble medal1 such as gold, which is typical practice for electrical contacts of this nature.
In practice, these contacts would be arranged in their connector bodies with every other contact of embo~s ~acing one way, with the remaining con-tact~ facing in the oppo~ite direction. By doLng thls, the contact ~orces generated during gO degree rotation cancel each other out thereby eliminating any ~ide thru~t eorce~ between mating connector halve~. Plvot pLns and locking pLvot slot~ located at the end~ of -the connectors act a~ the pivot points during rotation and also prevent the connector halves from di~enagiDg during and after rotation as may be seen again by referring to FIGS. 1 and 2.
~Z97~5~;
Con-tact sequencing (make first, break last, e-tc.3 can be accomplished by changing the relative ~izes o-f the two embosses and selectively loading them in the connector body during manufacture. When the recess side o~ the embo~s i~
wider than the raised emboss on the mating contact, the point at which electrical contact is e~tablished, occurs at a different angle during the rotation than when both embo3se~ are the same size and width. Thus, by varying the relative sizes of the embosses, such as 53 and 54, as seen in FIG. 5A, it can be readily seen that normal make first and make last contact types can be created and employed within the same conhector body. It should also be noted that since this contact system i8 hermaphroditic in nature, it i9 pos~ible to double the useful lif~ (that i9 the Dumber 16 of mating and unmating cycles) if initially the-near sides of the contacts are mated and then they are repositioned withill the connector ~o as to engage the far sides. This ; duality of electrical contact surfaces could be used to double the longevity of the connector ~ystem in accordance with the pre~ent invention when utilized ln the field.
An additional Eeature o~ the present contact sy~tem i~
that rotation of the contact is not necessary to develop the contact forces to create a reliable connection. Straight translation along the axis of the emboss will also create 26 contact. If the length I,2 of the rece~ed emboss as seen in FI~. 5A is much smaller than the length Ll of the raised emboss, contact engagement will occur when the depth of ~29~95~
insertion is equal to ~2. I~ -~ull depth inser-tion iB equaL
to Ll, then the point of electrical contact will occur on a line equal in len~th to Ll - ~2. By using thi~ embo~ blade contact in both the rotatiDg and tran~l~ting mode3, it is possible to double the number of input and output connection~ on a given daughter board/mother board combination. That i~, addi-tional connectors could be placed on the end of daughter board~ at the end opposite to those previou~ly described; with direct non-rotating contact being e~tablished as outlined above.
FIG. 6A show~ in perspective a split blade contact design wherein a groove pas~es through the center of the embossed ~ection. Mating occurs as ~hown initially in FIGo 6B and 6D where the embo~ses nest within each other and then upon rotation as ~hown in FIG. 6C contact is establi~hed a~
shown in FIG. 6E.
FIG. 7A show~ in per~pective another contact design, utilizing embo~ed blade and fork arrangement, wherein the embos~ed or projection ~ection placed within the fork and Ealls within the fork as ~hown in FIG. 7B ~nd fall~ within the opening of the Xork a~ ~hown in FIG~ 7D. Upon rotation, the rai~ed or embos~ed portion forces the edge~ of the ~ork to deflect and to prov:ide a firm contact a~ ~hown in FIG.
7E.
FI~. 8A 0how~ :in per~pective .Porm a rotat:ing wedge and fork zero in~ertion force contact de~ign wherein the rotatin wedge i~ in~erted within the fork and then on rotation as ~hown in FIG. 8C e~tabli~he~ contact with the fork edges as shown in FIG. 8E. Such an arrangement ha~ all the attributes of the arrangement shQwn in FIG. 7, excep-t that the method of' generating the contact forces between the wedge and the fork is di~ferent. In the arrangement shown in FIG. 8A, the wedge is shaped like an elipse where dimension a, as may be seen in FIG. 8B, is larger than dimension b. The width of the ~lot c is larger than b and smaller than a. During engagement dimension b beiDg smaller than dimension c, permits zero insertion f'orce operation.
When the two are rotated 90 degrees to each other, as can be seen in FIG. 8C, the wedge is caused to spread the tines of the f'ork due to the inter~erence created by dimension a o~
the wedge and dimension c of the fork. Two point~ of contact having a f'orce e are created on the inside surface of' the fork as shown in detail in FIG. 8C and also as may be seen in the side view taken along the ~ection lines 8E and 8F, as shown in FIG. 8E.
FIG. 9A shows in perspective a levered wedge and fork arrangement of zero force con-t~ct design. Rotation i~
required to actuate the contacts but the angle o~ rotation is much le~ than 90 degree~, the pivot point no longer at the point of` contact a~ it wa~ in the previou~ly de~cribed de~ign0. In this ca~e, the weclge in the upper portion appear~ as a cyl:inder having u diameter equal to dl. The lower portion, or fork, has a slot width, as may be ~een in FIG. 9~, equal to d2. Diumeter of` dl i~ greater than diameter d2 by a pre~cribed amount. When the wedge and f'ork ~9~5i6 as~embly are engaged, a~ shown in FIG. 9C, and rotated through an angle about the pivot point, as can be ~een :in FIG. 9D, -the wedge i~ forced into the fork slot with an iDterference fit. It is this interference fit that generates the nece~sary contact force F against contact point B.
A final contact arrangement is ~hown in perspective form in FIG. lOA in which a narrow slot effectively i~
placed through the center of embos~ed blade contacts, as may 1.0 be seen in FIG. lOA and lOB. This so-called bifurcated arrangement increa~e the probability of maintaining electrical contact in an environment containing in~ulating particulate matter. In this case~ bo-th of the mating corJtacts are bifurcated, the re~ult i~ quadruplicated electrical points of contact wherein normal bifurcated contact3 re~ult in only two point0 of contact rather than four. Very few contact ~ystem~ arrange for four points of contact becau~e of the high co~t normally associated therewith. In the pre~ent arrangement the embos~ed blade ~y~tem provides the nece~ary four points of electrical contact at little or no extra co~t.
A~ noted above, while the unique rotating contact ~ero in~ertion force connector of the present des:ign can employ any of the contact arrangement~ aet forth above, that ~hown FIGS. 5A, 5B1 6C i~ preferred.
While a number of embodiment3 of the pre~ent invention are ~hown, it will be obviou~ to those ~killed in the art that numcrou~ modifications can be made without departing .
~97~315~
from the spirit of the present inventlon which ~hal]. be limited oDly by the ~cope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims (7)
1. A connector assembly for establishing at least one electrical connection between first and second coplanarly located printed wiring boards, said assembly comprising: at least a first contact positioned perpendicular to the plane of and mounted on said first printed wiring board, said contact including a male portion;
at least one second contact positioned parallel to the plane of and mounted on said second printed wiring board, said second contact including a female portion;
said female portion sized to receive said first contact male portion with zero insertion force when said printed wiring boards are oriented perpendicularly to each other;
a plurality of horizontally oriented pivot pins located on said first printed wiring card;
a plurality of pivot slots located on said second printed wiring card;
each slot adapted to receive a different one of said pivot pins in response to said second printed wiring card being directed in a direction perpendicularly to said first printed wiring board until said slots engage said pivot pins;
after said engagement of said pins in said slots, said second card rotated 90 degrees about said pivot pins from said vertical position to a position parallel to said first printed wiring card;
whereby said male portion of said first contact is forced into electrical contact with said female portion of said second contact.
at least one second contact positioned parallel to the plane of and mounted on said second printed wiring board, said second contact including a female portion;
said female portion sized to receive said first contact male portion with zero insertion force when said printed wiring boards are oriented perpendicularly to each other;
a plurality of horizontally oriented pivot pins located on said first printed wiring card;
a plurality of pivot slots located on said second printed wiring card;
each slot adapted to receive a different one of said pivot pins in response to said second printed wiring card being directed in a direction perpendicularly to said first printed wiring board until said slots engage said pivot pins;
after said engagement of said pins in said slots, said second card rotated 90 degrees about said pivot pins from said vertical position to a position parallel to said first printed wiring card;
whereby said male portion of said first contact is forced into electrical contact with said female portion of said second contact.
2. A connector assembly as claimed in claim wherein:
said first contact on said first printed wiring board is electrically connected to printed wiring on said first printed wiring board.
said first contact on said first printed wiring board is electrically connected to printed wiring on said first printed wiring board.
3. A connector assembly as claimed in claim wherein:
said contact on said second printed wiring board is an electrical connection with printed wiring circuitry on said second printed wiring board.
said contact on said second printed wiring board is an electrical connection with printed wiring circuitry on said second printed wiring board.
4. A connector assembly as claimed in claim wherein:
said first contact and said pivot pins are all located in a common base portion affixed to said first printed wiring board.
said first contact and said pivot pins are all located in a common base portion affixed to said first printed wiring board.
5. A connector assembly as claimed in claim 3 wherein:
said common assembly comprises a u-shaped member, including a base portion and two upright sections;
said first contact included in said base portion and said pivot pins each included in one of said upright portions.
said common assembly comprises a u-shaped member, including a base portion and two upright sections;
said first contact included in said base portion and said pivot pins each included in one of said upright portions.
6. A connector assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein:
said first printed wiring board further includes printed wiring board engagement means adapted to receive a portion of said second printed wiring board and maintain said second printed wiring board in a coplanar relationship with said first printed wiring board after said second printed wiring board is rotated 90 degrees about said pivot pins.
said first printed wiring board further includes printed wiring board engagement means adapted to receive a portion of said second printed wiring board and maintain said second printed wiring board in a coplanar relationship with said first printed wiring board after said second printed wiring board is rotated 90 degrees about said pivot pins.
7. A connector assembly as claimed in claim wherein:
said first and second contacts are both hermaphroditic in nature.
said first and second contacts are both hermaphroditic in nature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/190,190 US4863388A (en) | 1988-05-04 | 1988-05-04 | Rotating contact ZIF connector |
| US07/190,190 | 1988-05-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1297956C true CA1297956C (en) | 1992-03-24 |
Family
ID=22700357
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000592622A Expired - Lifetime CA1297956C (en) | 1988-05-04 | 1989-03-02 | Rotating contact zif connector |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4863388A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1297956C (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2820855B2 (en) * | 1993-04-07 | 1998-11-05 | トーマス アンド ベッツ コーポレーション | connector |
| US5445528A (en) * | 1994-05-31 | 1995-08-29 | The Whitaker Corporation | Electrical connector with improved mounting |
| US5542850A (en) * | 1994-06-30 | 1996-08-06 | The Whitaker Corporation | Pivotal electrical connector |
| FR2737348B1 (en) * | 1995-07-26 | 1997-09-26 | Clearplas France | METHOD FOR MOUNTING IN THE PLUG-IN POSITION THE MALE AND FEMALE ELEMENTS OF AN ELECTRICAL CONNECTION DEVICE, AND SUPPORT FOR CARRYING OUT SAID METHOD |
| FR2761819B1 (en) * | 1997-04-04 | 1999-06-25 | Proner Comatel Sa | ELECTRICAL CONNECTION METHOD AND DEVICE |
| US5971785A (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 1999-10-26 | Molex Incorporated | Hermaphroditic connector for printed circuit boards |
| US5975962A (en) * | 1998-02-20 | 1999-11-02 | Laukonis; Robert | Network shelf system |
| US20030035280A1 (en) * | 2001-08-17 | 2003-02-20 | Malone Christopher Gregory | Daughter-card structural support |
| US6561853B1 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-05-13 | Hon Hai Precision Ind. Co., Ltd. | Electrical connector assembly |
| US6822878B2 (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-11-23 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Circuit board support arrangement, method, and method for using the same |
| US6767254B1 (en) * | 2003-02-14 | 2004-07-27 | Chen Chien-Yuan | Foldable expansion digital structure |
| US6791843B1 (en) * | 2003-06-11 | 2004-09-14 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Parallel board connection system and method |
| US7387521B1 (en) * | 2006-12-22 | 2008-06-17 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Connector assembly for end mounting panel members |
| US8047882B2 (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2011-11-01 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Self-aligning contact assembly |
| US7924558B2 (en) * | 2009-08-31 | 2011-04-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Insertion and rotation connector |
| DE202015009067U1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-08-24 | Rosenberger Hochfrequenztechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Magnetic connection device |
| CN209118939U (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-07-16 | 沃尔缇夫能源系统公司 | A kind of switch block and a kind of power-supply system |
| US10741950B1 (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-08-11 | Te Connectivity Corporation | Circuit card assemblies for a communication system |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3199059A (en) * | 1962-01-22 | 1965-08-03 | Bendix Corp | Electrical connector hinge |
| US3268849A (en) * | 1963-07-26 | 1966-08-23 | Rca Corp | Electrical connectors |
| ES367933A1 (en) * | 1968-06-15 | 1971-04-16 | Amp Inc | Connector housing assemblies |
| US3701071A (en) * | 1971-01-18 | 1972-10-24 | Berg Electronics Inc | Hinge type circuit board connector block |
| US4273401A (en) * | 1979-07-06 | 1981-06-16 | Leonard Katzin | Zero insertion force electrical connector |
| JPS6079681A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1985-05-07 | モレツクス・インコ−ポレ−テツド | Electric connector with hinge |
| JPS60109187A (en) * | 1983-11-11 | 1985-06-14 | アムプ インコ−ポレ−テッド | Electric connector |
| JPS60166985U (en) * | 1984-04-12 | 1985-11-06 | 星電器製造株式会社 | Connector for printed circuit board connection |
| US4701133A (en) * | 1987-01-21 | 1987-10-20 | Continental-Wirt Electronics Corporation | Hermaphroditic connector |
-
1988
- 1988-05-04 US US07/190,190 patent/US4863388A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-03-02 CA CA000592622A patent/CA1297956C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US4863388A (en) | 1989-09-05 |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |