CA1320047C - Ventilation and control systems - Google Patents
Ventilation and control systemsInfo
- Publication number
- CA1320047C CA1320047C CA000594654A CA594654A CA1320047C CA 1320047 C CA1320047 C CA 1320047C CA 000594654 A CA000594654 A CA 000594654A CA 594654 A CA594654 A CA 594654A CA 1320047 C CA1320047 C CA 1320047C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- air
- flow
- relation
- set forth
- flow control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
- F24F13/04—Air-mixing units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
- F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
- F24F13/1406—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre characterised by sealing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
- F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
- F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
Abstract
ABSTRACT
An air flow control system suitable for use in combination with an air conditioning system such as a centralized air handling system,or the cooling system of a stand-by generator,uses an air flow control device to effect simultaneous changes in the flow paths of fresh air entering, exhaust-air leaving and mixed air-flow entering into the system, in self-balancing relation such that a full air-flow range of system utilization is made available without at any time incurring the risk of system over-pressurization. The range of system operation extends from one hundred percent system air recirculation to one hundred per-cent fresh air supply, The air flow control device generally has a ratio of deflector axial length to width greater than unity. In one embodiment a pivotal deflector means incorporates an inclined deflector plate. In another embodiment a fixed baffle is used in co-operation with the movable vane of the device.
An air flow control system suitable for use in combination with an air conditioning system such as a centralized air handling system,or the cooling system of a stand-by generator,uses an air flow control device to effect simultaneous changes in the flow paths of fresh air entering, exhaust-air leaving and mixed air-flow entering into the system, in self-balancing relation such that a full air-flow range of system utilization is made available without at any time incurring the risk of system over-pressurization. The range of system operation extends from one hundred percent system air recirculation to one hundred per-cent fresh air supply, The air flow control device generally has a ratio of deflector axial length to width greater than unity. In one embodiment a pivotal deflector means incorporates an inclined deflector plate. In another embodiment a fixed baffle is used in co-operation with the movable vane of the device.
Description
F I ELD OF THE I NVENT I ON ~ 1 3 2 0 0 1~ 1 Thi~ invention is directed to a ma~-flow air temper~ture control device, to system~3 lncorporating em~odiments of the device, and to methads of handling ~ir in using the device~
B~CKGROUND OF THE INVENTION, Th e h ~n d l i n~ o f ma~ a i r f l ow~ 9 particularly in the ca~e of sy~tem~ ~uch the air conditioning o~ large building~ and/
or ~ooling o~ stand-by generator~ can prove quite critical~
In the case of stancl-by generatc\rs which ~n b~ requirQd te~
b~ fi;witched into operation at a moment~; notlre, it i~;
import~nt to m~intain a warm enclosed enviranl7ent for the engine generator a~d it~ ancillarie~a PrioP a~rangements general 1 y require an ai r ~1 ow control,u~ilizing three motorized damper~,tognther wi th aux i I i ary heat input, using air recircul~tion to f~cilitate ~tart-up, whatever th~
seasonal climate condition9 while havlng the capability to rapidly chang~ the ~ystem to a heat ~tabilizin~ or more usually a heat dispensing mod~, to c~pe with the requisite th~rmal operating requirement~ cf the ~enerator by dl~lpatir7g heat at a high rate.
In th~ cas~ o~ ~ir condi~ioning plant~, which t~rm includ~s the matter o~ medium t~ large in~tallation~ for building heat~ng or cooling and ventilation, there is need for a wide ~peotrum af variation in air mixing capability, in both a heat lnput and a heat rejection mode of aperation~
.~, ~
1 3200~7 In m~ny instances the transfer of significant ~uantitie~
of conditioning air has utilize~ mas~ive arrangement~ of motor ope~ated and air-tight dampers, usually with three or multiple sets of motorized louvre6; often of 6ignificant area, theoreti~ally ~apabl~ of operating in unison in accordance with ~ystem requirements 5 SO a~ to maintain system temperature and pre-set bui 1 di ng air pressur~s, at ~ubstantially atmo~pheric pressure or above.
Due to the use of in~ivi~u~l servo motors on e~ch of the lar~e a~ea motorized dampers involv~d, and the fact that the linkage~ linking the moving elements of the dampers to the servo drive are prone to joint wear and linkage buckllng, balanced functionlng of the respective motorized damper~ dDes not alway~ occur. In the e:~treme9 component failures 6uch as çervo motor inoperability or incorrect pres~ure controller location or operation has even led to the generation o~
su4~icient ov~r-pressure within a building, at a rate of pressure rise high enough to cause cata~trophic failure~ by ~ruption of the bullding ~acade.
Other~ le0s catastrophic failures in the case o-f stand-by p~er generator~ can lead to failure o~ ~he generator t~
~tart~ Dr failure to maintai~ its operation, due to ~e~iou~
~ver-heat~g o~ the engine g~er~or ~t.
C~rtain of th~ elements of the present invention may be found in the $ollowing li~ted United States patents, n~ne of which ar~ thought to anticipate or foreshado~ the present inventl~ns o~ ~
1 3~0047 824, 1 6b June 19~ Qiken 3~194,271 July 1965 Viessmann 4,361,170 Nov.1~982 ~elo2a 4 9 246 9 918 Jan~19H7 Dean 1,152,176 Q~9.191S Hennebohle 3,228,~53 Jan.196~ Trimmer 2,57~,657 Dec.lqS1 Houk 4,520,844 June 1985 Finkelstein et al~
SUM~A~Y OF THE INVENTION.
The present invention provides an air mas~ flow condi~ioning sy6tem having a ~ingle moving ele~ent to effect a full range of sy6tem control.
The system ~urthe~ pruvide~ an air m~s~ flow handling ~ystem having a hollow fl~w controlling device with a centrally loeated deflecting vane mean~ pivotally moveable ln air flow directing relation wlthin the device, fDur acces~
port~ in mutually fipaced quadranture relation connecting with the inte~ior of the devi~e, two adjacent ones o$ the a~ce~s port~ connecting with atmosphere to provide a re~pectiv2 $resh air inlet and an exhaust air outlet, the other twn adjac~nt ones of the acce6s ports c~nnect~ng with he~t load apparatus, in h0at transfer relation therewith, fan mean~ ln ~ir di~placing relation with the devlce; and, 6ervo motor means $or displ~cing the vane over a predetermined range of ~ngular displacement, in flow deflerting rel~tion between respective one of the access po~ts, whereby the air ~low through the device may be varied from full flow recirculation to ~ull flow replacementt and intermediate combinations the~eof, while m~intaining full flow throughout such variatlon6.
The noted d~flecting vane me~ns is sel~ctively v~riable to enable sele~tive division of air entering a first port into a fir~t9 reLirculation portion flowing from ~ third port, and a second exhaust por~ion flowing to a second port.
The sy~tem lncludes ~ervo motor means ~or selectively movlng the pivot~l vane mean~ to a de~ired air ~low controlling position.
In one embodiment, suit~d for use in conditioning a mi~ing chamber or in use with mass heat generating mean~ s~ch a~ a stand-by generator, the pivotal deflector mean~ may have a ~ingle~ centrally pivoted ~y~metrical deflæctor blade.
The air ~lnw d~flecting device may include ancillary deflector means within the device positione~ in at least partial flow blocking relatlon between an interior portlon o~
the ca~ing of the device and the moveable defl~cting vane, for a pred~t~rmined range nf movement of the moveable vane.
In ~ne embodiment~ ~or u6e primarily with ~n a~r cunditioning plant~ the ancillary de-flector means comprise~ a ~ub~tantially radially inwardly projecting baf~le supported ~om the int~r~nr of the device ca~ing ~nd extending tnward~
the pivotal axls Qf the vane, in flow moderating relation th~arebQtween~ being located between ~he air inlet port and 1 32~)047 the air exhaust port.
In a further embodiment the ancillary deflector means cQmprl6es an ancilliary vane portian extendlng from the deflQcting vane to one side and adiacent one end thereof whereby, with the de41ecting vane posi tioned in a predetermi ned i ntermediate po~ition~ in ~u~3tantially bisecting relat$on with an access port csnnecting with a heat load fan means7 the auxiliary vane portion ~ubstantially precludes unwanted reversed circulation within the device~
between th~ two atmospheric access port~.
In one preferred embodiment the flow baffle is perforated on a face portion thereo4 to permit pressure balanced ~ir flaw therethrough, beiny located between the above-identl~ied ~xternal acce~ ports for inlet and e~haust air flow.
In the preferred embodiment the pivotal deflector means may have a periph~ral elastomeric edge ~e~l abou~ at l~ast a portlon of the ~dg~ thereo4~ to afford enhanced s~al ing between the deflector mean~ ~nd interior surfaces of the body portion of the device to afford enhanced sealing w$th the body at le~st when the deflector i5 in it~ fully clo6ed positlun.
In the preferred embodiment the body portion i~ of r2ctangular a~ial section, corre~ponding to the shap~ of th~
p$votal deflector me~ns, gener~lly having an axial len~th ~r~ater than the wldth ~hereo~, whereby the radial length o~
the d~41~ctor me~ns 4rom the pivotal cer\tre thereof is ~.
e~ceeded by the axial length o~ the de~lector mean~, It will be seen that adoption of the device to larger installations can ~e readily athieved by increases to the axial length of the device. ~s indlcated ~bove~ one embodiment i5 particularly preferred for use in combination with a stand-by generator, the c~rculated air being in heat.exchange relation with the generat~r and engine.
~ further one of the tambsdiments is of particular u~lity with air conditionin~ and ventilatinq means, and in particular with large ~cale buildin~ air conditioning means, wherein air that is circulated ~ the system ef~ects h~at tr~nsfer relation with the conditioner cycle.
The referred to embodiment~ all function in a fail-safe mode~ to positively precludt~ the occurrence of over-pres~urizat~on of the building, there being no position of the flow controlling vane wherein undue pre~sure rise~ may be generatedO
The pre~ent invention further provide~ a method for controlling the ma55 flow o~ air relal:ive to a sy~tem havlng an i nducti on :l nl e t: f or passage of atmospher i c ai r therei n~
an exhaust outl~t ~or passage of air from a return air fan~
the fan me~ns dl~placing air rel~tive to the alr mas~ flow cantrol devic~, comprl~ing the 6teps of~
connecting the exhaust outlet ~y way of the flow ccntrol device to the lndllction inlet~ to provldQ dir~act recircul~tian ~f air fram the retu~n fan to the ~yst~m lnlet~
and~ d~vertlng by way of repositioning the control device at ~ 3~0047 least ~ portion of air from the fan mean~ to the exhaust outlet, while recirculating another portion of air from the fan means, ~nd inducing an in-flow of out~ide fresh air into the air conditioning cycle by the simultaneou~ provision of a connection to the in~uc~ion inlet, to sub~tantially balance ma~s in-flow again~t mass out-~low.
~ctuation o4 the ~ystem in changing from one ~low mode to anothPr flow mode is achieved by actu~ting a single air flow control device, to effect 5i multaneous flow changes, which a~sure substanti~lly air pre~sure equilibrium thraughout, while avoiding the occurr~nce of sy~tem ~ver~
pressurlz~tion or under-pressuri~ation.
BRIEF DESC~IPTXON OF THE DR~WIN~S~
Certain embodlment~ of the invention are deacribed by way ~f illustratlon~ without limitation of the invention thereto, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, whereinl Figure 1 i~ a ~chematic plan view, in partial section, of ~ne embodiment of the sy~tem ln accordanc~ with the pre~ent lnvention~
Fi~ure 2 is an external ~eneral perspective n-F an ~nclosure portion of ~he Figure l installation~
~lgure 3 i6 a schematic plan view, in ~ection, of another embodiment of the ~low control devioe~ and~
Figure 4 i~ a view similar to Figure 1, of ~ further ~7 ' .
embodiment of the flow cont~ol device.
DET~ILED DESCRIPTION OF THE IN~ENTION
fi~eferrlng to F~gure 1 the arrangement iO comp~ls~s a plan view o~ a utility installatiQn such a~ a buildin~ alr conditioning ~y6tem or a 6tand-by g~nerato~ (n~ith~r o~ which 1g shaw~) incorpQrat1ng an embodiment of the flow control device in accordance with the invention. The installat.ion comprises an enclosure 16, having ventilation apertures 1~, 20, each with fixed louvres 22.
~ flow control device 24 ~n acc~rd~nce with the pre6ent inY~ntion co~p~ises a ca~ing 30, having a p~ir uf diametrically opposed flow ape~tu~es 32,34 and 3~,38~ in mutual quadranture relation. The adjacent aperture~ 34~ 36 are connected by trunking 40~42 with the v~ntilation apertures 18,~0 Qf enclo~ure 1~.
~ fan 43 that generally comprise a ~ortion of the respec-tive heat transfer system is located in enc].osure 16. ~ithin flow control device 24 is located control vane ~4 pivotall"v mounted for angular displacement ahout axis ~6. The axis 46 comprises a vertical shaft (not shown) supported in end bearings 47, of whlch the lowermost one is shown, carried ~y end closure ~9 of the casin~ 30.
l~near ~ervo actuator 51, coupled to crank S3, or directly to shaft 46 for pivoting the vane ~4 a~out axis ~6 is illustrated, the end closure 49 beinq shown broken awa~ for purposes of visual access and illustration. It will ~e understood that this 1 32()047 servo motor arrangYment is purely ~or p~rpo~;es of illustration, and tha~ al~ernative arrangements may be readilv adopted, such as hiqh tor~ue steppinq motors ol ~ear driv~.
~ eferring to Fig~re ~, it will be recogni~ed that adoption Q~ the pr esen t 1 y d i 5C 103ed vertically axi~ed 410w cont~ol devicQ 24 permit6 u~ ation of ad~a~ent f~ces of a building, incorporating 6tationa~y louvr~s ~2, and requiring internally within enclosure 16 a minimum o~ air tr~lnkin~
~,42~
Thi~ a~rangement minimi~es the likelihood of undesired external outlet to inlet air recirculation, and en~ures minimal internal pressure drops, due to the shQrt runs of the trunking 40,42.
Refe~ring to Figu~e 3,th~ enclo6ure 16 incorpo~ates an air conditiDning plant SO, shown schematically, having a ~uctlon fan 52 and return air fan 54.. Heating coil5 56 and cooling coil~ SB, shown ~chematically, serve to condition ~iP
flowing through the plant 5~. An air filter ~0 and anti-stratification ~evice 62 also are shown schematically.
The anti-~tratl~ication d~vice ~2 may comprise a rDtatable fan-like d~vice or ~ statianary louvred fl~w director, to impart a rotational swirl component to the ~ir flowing in th~ system, and thu~ avold thermal or velocity strat~fication.
The flow contral device ~4 incorporate~ an ancilliary flow deflector means compri~ing baffle 25, attached to caslng 30. The baf~l~ 2S gen~rally ls pe~orated~ and come6 into operation when the flow control vane 44 is in an interm2diate, flow mixing position ~3uch as wh~n being in axial alignment with axis 27.
In u~e, in the illustrated po~itlon, the ~low control vane 44 directly connects return air inl0t ~L with the 5y3te~
inlet ~3, while isolating the e~ternal aCCe~5R~ 1~,20~
It will be under~tood that control vane 44 may be of insulated construction, to prevent undue heat transfer thereacro~s and to maintain thermal gradients that can arise due to l~rge temperatLlre differen~es between the interior and exterior of enclosure lb~
Stationary vane seals 64,66 permit the vane 44 to seat in sealing relation within its casing 30. However; in the operational condition illustrated it i5 usual to align the v~ne 44 as ~hawn, to pro~ote streamline recirculation flow frsm r~turn fan 549 thrDugh ports 61,~ into the air ~ondi ti aning unit 50.
With the vane 44 ln an intermediate ~o-called mixing posltion~ ~uoh a~ in alignment with axis 2~, same of th~
return ~ir ~ro~ ~an 54 is free to exit from flow control device 24, by way of trunklng 40 and venti lation ap~rture 18.
Fresh air ic induced to flow into the flow ~ontrol devi ce 24, ~hrough access ap~rtur~ ~0 and trunking 42. The perforated baffle 25 permit~ pressure balancin~, and effectively precludes a reve~sed flow of exhau~t air in apertur~ 18, about the ~djacent end of v~ne 44.
The eKtent of ~re~h air belng admitt~d through access 20 - 1 32(~047 .
and return flow air being exhausted through acc~5s lB is dependent upon the angle of set of vane 44. ~ith vane 44 at right angles to the position illustrated, there i~ full exhausting of air from fan 54, and full fresh air admi~sion to fan 52.
Referring to the Figure 4 embodiment, the device 2q' has an anc$11ary flow de41ector means comprising a lateral extension 44' to the guide vane 44.
In the ca~ of a heat load apparatu6 this may compri~e an engine driven generato~, such a5 a stand-by engine generator 70~ ~hown ~chematic~lly.
The flow control device 24'i~ capa~l~, ag b~fQre7 af one hundred per-ce~t recirculation, or one hundred per-cent air renewal and exhaust~ aperating at the two extreme positions for vane 44 indicate~ by chain datted line~.
In the illu~t~ated intermediate position of Figure ~ in which partial recirculat$on and partial exhau~t tak~s plac~
the lateral vane ancillary extension 44' promotes ~f4ective exhaust flow f~om device ~4' by way of outlet 20. This ancillary v~n~ 44' effectively preclude~ exhau~t air flowing along the face o4 vane 44 toward~ fre~h air inlet 18,and prevents any reci~culatiDn of exhaust air about the remote end of vane 44, t~ contaminate the ent~ing fresh ai~.
The ancillary vane portion 44' need no~ e~fectively obstruct the air exhaust flow path to part ~07 wh~n in a full-e~hau~t position, shswn in phantom.
~ n auxiliary he~ter 2~ is illustrated, for maintaining a , suitable ambient temperature within the enclosure 1~ when the engine~generator 70 i5 shut down, in a non-heat producing condition.
The thermal capacity of heater ~6 normally requires to be only a fraction of the heat capacity generated by engine/generator 70, when aperating.
While ~eference is made above to controlliny ai~ flaws, it will be understQod that the ef~ect of blendiny o-~t~ide ambient air to any desired extent with air being circulated through the heat transfer mechani6m, results also in control of air temperature. Thus, in essence, ~ir tempe~ature i~
controlled, within the capacity of the sy~tem, by controlling air flow.
B~CKGROUND OF THE INVENTION, Th e h ~n d l i n~ o f ma~ a i r f l ow~ 9 particularly in the ca~e of sy~tem~ ~uch the air conditioning o~ large building~ and/
or ~ooling o~ stand-by generator~ can prove quite critical~
In the case of stancl-by generatc\rs which ~n b~ requirQd te~
b~ fi;witched into operation at a moment~; notlre, it i~;
import~nt to m~intain a warm enclosed enviranl7ent for the engine generator a~d it~ ancillarie~a PrioP a~rangements general 1 y require an ai r ~1 ow control,u~ilizing three motorized damper~,tognther wi th aux i I i ary heat input, using air recircul~tion to f~cilitate ~tart-up, whatever th~
seasonal climate condition9 while havlng the capability to rapidly chang~ the ~ystem to a heat ~tabilizin~ or more usually a heat dispensing mod~, to c~pe with the requisite th~rmal operating requirement~ cf the ~enerator by dl~lpatir7g heat at a high rate.
In th~ cas~ o~ ~ir condi~ioning plant~, which t~rm includ~s the matter o~ medium t~ large in~tallation~ for building heat~ng or cooling and ventilation, there is need for a wide ~peotrum af variation in air mixing capability, in both a heat lnput and a heat rejection mode of aperation~
.~, ~
1 3200~7 In m~ny instances the transfer of significant ~uantitie~
of conditioning air has utilize~ mas~ive arrangement~ of motor ope~ated and air-tight dampers, usually with three or multiple sets of motorized louvre6; often of 6ignificant area, theoreti~ally ~apabl~ of operating in unison in accordance with ~ystem requirements 5 SO a~ to maintain system temperature and pre-set bui 1 di ng air pressur~s, at ~ubstantially atmo~pheric pressure or above.
Due to the use of in~ivi~u~l servo motors on e~ch of the lar~e a~ea motorized dampers involv~d, and the fact that the linkage~ linking the moving elements of the dampers to the servo drive are prone to joint wear and linkage buckllng, balanced functionlng of the respective motorized damper~ dDes not alway~ occur. In the e:~treme9 component failures 6uch as çervo motor inoperability or incorrect pres~ure controller location or operation has even led to the generation o~
su4~icient ov~r-pressure within a building, at a rate of pressure rise high enough to cause cata~trophic failure~ by ~ruption of the bullding ~acade.
Other~ le0s catastrophic failures in the case o-f stand-by p~er generator~ can lead to failure o~ ~he generator t~
~tart~ Dr failure to maintai~ its operation, due to ~e~iou~
~ver-heat~g o~ the engine g~er~or ~t.
C~rtain of th~ elements of the present invention may be found in the $ollowing li~ted United States patents, n~ne of which ar~ thought to anticipate or foreshado~ the present inventl~ns o~ ~
1 3~0047 824, 1 6b June 19~ Qiken 3~194,271 July 1965 Viessmann 4,361,170 Nov.1~982 ~elo2a 4 9 246 9 918 Jan~19H7 Dean 1,152,176 Q~9.191S Hennebohle 3,228,~53 Jan.196~ Trimmer 2,57~,657 Dec.lqS1 Houk 4,520,844 June 1985 Finkelstein et al~
SUM~A~Y OF THE INVENTION.
The present invention provides an air mas~ flow condi~ioning sy6tem having a ~ingle moving ele~ent to effect a full range of sy6tem control.
The system ~urthe~ pruvide~ an air m~s~ flow handling ~ystem having a hollow fl~w controlling device with a centrally loeated deflecting vane mean~ pivotally moveable ln air flow directing relation wlthin the device, fDur acces~
port~ in mutually fipaced quadranture relation connecting with the inte~ior of the devi~e, two adjacent ones o$ the a~ce~s port~ connecting with atmosphere to provide a re~pectiv2 $resh air inlet and an exhaust air outlet, the other twn adjac~nt ones of the acce6s ports c~nnect~ng with he~t load apparatus, in h0at transfer relation therewith, fan mean~ ln ~ir di~placing relation with the devlce; and, 6ervo motor means $or displ~cing the vane over a predetermined range of ~ngular displacement, in flow deflerting rel~tion between respective one of the access po~ts, whereby the air ~low through the device may be varied from full flow recirculation to ~ull flow replacementt and intermediate combinations the~eof, while m~intaining full flow throughout such variatlon6.
The noted d~flecting vane me~ns is sel~ctively v~riable to enable sele~tive division of air entering a first port into a fir~t9 reLirculation portion flowing from ~ third port, and a second exhaust por~ion flowing to a second port.
The sy~tem lncludes ~ervo motor means ~or selectively movlng the pivot~l vane mean~ to a de~ired air ~low controlling position.
In one embodiment, suit~d for use in conditioning a mi~ing chamber or in use with mass heat generating mean~ s~ch a~ a stand-by generator, the pivotal deflector mean~ may have a ~ingle~ centrally pivoted ~y~metrical deflæctor blade.
The air ~lnw d~flecting device may include ancillary deflector means within the device positione~ in at least partial flow blocking relatlon between an interior portlon o~
the ca~ing of the device and the moveable defl~cting vane, for a pred~t~rmined range nf movement of the moveable vane.
In ~ne embodiment~ ~or u6e primarily with ~n a~r cunditioning plant~ the ancillary de-flector means comprise~ a ~ub~tantially radially inwardly projecting baf~le supported ~om the int~r~nr of the device ca~ing ~nd extending tnward~
the pivotal axls Qf the vane, in flow moderating relation th~arebQtween~ being located between ~he air inlet port and 1 32~)047 the air exhaust port.
In a further embodiment the ancillary deflector means cQmprl6es an ancilliary vane portian extendlng from the deflQcting vane to one side and adiacent one end thereof whereby, with the de41ecting vane posi tioned in a predetermi ned i ntermediate po~ition~ in ~u~3tantially bisecting relat$on with an access port csnnecting with a heat load fan means7 the auxiliary vane portion ~ubstantially precludes unwanted reversed circulation within the device~
between th~ two atmospheric access port~.
In one preferred embodiment the flow baffle is perforated on a face portion thereo4 to permit pressure balanced ~ir flaw therethrough, beiny located between the above-identl~ied ~xternal acce~ ports for inlet and e~haust air flow.
In the preferred embodiment the pivotal deflector means may have a periph~ral elastomeric edge ~e~l abou~ at l~ast a portlon of the ~dg~ thereo4~ to afford enhanced s~al ing between the deflector mean~ ~nd interior surfaces of the body portion of the device to afford enhanced sealing w$th the body at le~st when the deflector i5 in it~ fully clo6ed positlun.
In the preferred embodiment the body portion i~ of r2ctangular a~ial section, corre~ponding to the shap~ of th~
p$votal deflector me~ns, gener~lly having an axial len~th ~r~ater than the wldth ~hereo~, whereby the radial length o~
the d~41~ctor me~ns 4rom the pivotal cer\tre thereof is ~.
e~ceeded by the axial length o~ the de~lector mean~, It will be seen that adoption of the device to larger installations can ~e readily athieved by increases to the axial length of the device. ~s indlcated ~bove~ one embodiment i5 particularly preferred for use in combination with a stand-by generator, the c~rculated air being in heat.exchange relation with the generat~r and engine.
~ further one of the tambsdiments is of particular u~lity with air conditionin~ and ventilatinq means, and in particular with large ~cale buildin~ air conditioning means, wherein air that is circulated ~ the system ef~ects h~at tr~nsfer relation with the conditioner cycle.
The referred to embodiment~ all function in a fail-safe mode~ to positively precludt~ the occurrence of over-pres~urizat~on of the building, there being no position of the flow controlling vane wherein undue pre~sure rise~ may be generatedO
The pre~ent invention further provide~ a method for controlling the ma55 flow o~ air relal:ive to a sy~tem havlng an i nducti on :l nl e t: f or passage of atmospher i c ai r therei n~
an exhaust outl~t ~or passage of air from a return air fan~
the fan me~ns dl~placing air rel~tive to the alr mas~ flow cantrol devic~, comprl~ing the 6teps of~
connecting the exhaust outlet ~y way of the flow ccntrol device to the lndllction inlet~ to provldQ dir~act recircul~tian ~f air fram the retu~n fan to the ~yst~m lnlet~
and~ d~vertlng by way of repositioning the control device at ~ 3~0047 least ~ portion of air from the fan mean~ to the exhaust outlet, while recirculating another portion of air from the fan means, ~nd inducing an in-flow of out~ide fresh air into the air conditioning cycle by the simultaneou~ provision of a connection to the in~uc~ion inlet, to sub~tantially balance ma~s in-flow again~t mass out-~low.
~ctuation o4 the ~ystem in changing from one ~low mode to anothPr flow mode is achieved by actu~ting a single air flow control device, to effect 5i multaneous flow changes, which a~sure substanti~lly air pre~sure equilibrium thraughout, while avoiding the occurr~nce of sy~tem ~ver~
pressurlz~tion or under-pressuri~ation.
BRIEF DESC~IPTXON OF THE DR~WIN~S~
Certain embodlment~ of the invention are deacribed by way ~f illustratlon~ without limitation of the invention thereto, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, whereinl Figure 1 i~ a ~chematic plan view, in partial section, of ~ne embodiment of the sy~tem ln accordanc~ with the pre~ent lnvention~
Fi~ure 2 is an external ~eneral perspective n-F an ~nclosure portion of ~he Figure l installation~
~lgure 3 i6 a schematic plan view, in ~ection, of another embodiment of the ~low control devioe~ and~
Figure 4 i~ a view similar to Figure 1, of ~ further ~7 ' .
embodiment of the flow cont~ol device.
DET~ILED DESCRIPTION OF THE IN~ENTION
fi~eferrlng to F~gure 1 the arrangement iO comp~ls~s a plan view o~ a utility installatiQn such a~ a buildin~ alr conditioning ~y6tem or a 6tand-by g~nerato~ (n~ith~r o~ which 1g shaw~) incorpQrat1ng an embodiment of the flow control device in accordance with the invention. The installat.ion comprises an enclosure 16, having ventilation apertures 1~, 20, each with fixed louvres 22.
~ flow control device 24 ~n acc~rd~nce with the pre6ent inY~ntion co~p~ises a ca~ing 30, having a p~ir uf diametrically opposed flow ape~tu~es 32,34 and 3~,38~ in mutual quadranture relation. The adjacent aperture~ 34~ 36 are connected by trunking 40~42 with the v~ntilation apertures 18,~0 Qf enclo~ure 1~.
~ fan 43 that generally comprise a ~ortion of the respec-tive heat transfer system is located in enc].osure 16. ~ithin flow control device 24 is located control vane ~4 pivotall"v mounted for angular displacement ahout axis ~6. The axis 46 comprises a vertical shaft (not shown) supported in end bearings 47, of whlch the lowermost one is shown, carried ~y end closure ~9 of the casin~ 30.
l~near ~ervo actuator 51, coupled to crank S3, or directly to shaft 46 for pivoting the vane ~4 a~out axis ~6 is illustrated, the end closure 49 beinq shown broken awa~ for purposes of visual access and illustration. It will ~e understood that this 1 32()047 servo motor arrangYment is purely ~or p~rpo~;es of illustration, and tha~ al~ernative arrangements may be readilv adopted, such as hiqh tor~ue steppinq motors ol ~ear driv~.
~ eferring to Fig~re ~, it will be recogni~ed that adoption Q~ the pr esen t 1 y d i 5C 103ed vertically axi~ed 410w cont~ol devicQ 24 permit6 u~ ation of ad~a~ent f~ces of a building, incorporating 6tationa~y louvr~s ~2, and requiring internally within enclosure 16 a minimum o~ air tr~lnkin~
~,42~
Thi~ a~rangement minimi~es the likelihood of undesired external outlet to inlet air recirculation, and en~ures minimal internal pressure drops, due to the shQrt runs of the trunking 40,42.
Refe~ring to Figu~e 3,th~ enclo6ure 16 incorpo~ates an air conditiDning plant SO, shown schematically, having a ~uctlon fan 52 and return air fan 54.. Heating coil5 56 and cooling coil~ SB, shown ~chematically, serve to condition ~iP
flowing through the plant 5~. An air filter ~0 and anti-stratification ~evice 62 also are shown schematically.
The anti-~tratl~ication d~vice ~2 may comprise a rDtatable fan-like d~vice or ~ statianary louvred fl~w director, to impart a rotational swirl component to the ~ir flowing in th~ system, and thu~ avold thermal or velocity strat~fication.
The flow contral device ~4 incorporate~ an ancilliary flow deflector means compri~ing baffle 25, attached to caslng 30. The baf~l~ 2S gen~rally ls pe~orated~ and come6 into operation when the flow control vane 44 is in an interm2diate, flow mixing position ~3uch as wh~n being in axial alignment with axis 27.
In u~e, in the illustrated po~itlon, the ~low control vane 44 directly connects return air inl0t ~L with the 5y3te~
inlet ~3, while isolating the e~ternal aCCe~5R~ 1~,20~
It will be under~tood that control vane 44 may be of insulated construction, to prevent undue heat transfer thereacro~s and to maintain thermal gradients that can arise due to l~rge temperatLlre differen~es between the interior and exterior of enclosure lb~
Stationary vane seals 64,66 permit the vane 44 to seat in sealing relation within its casing 30. However; in the operational condition illustrated it i5 usual to align the v~ne 44 as ~hawn, to pro~ote streamline recirculation flow frsm r~turn fan 549 thrDugh ports 61,~ into the air ~ondi ti aning unit 50.
With the vane 44 ln an intermediate ~o-called mixing posltion~ ~uoh a~ in alignment with axis 2~, same of th~
return ~ir ~ro~ ~an 54 is free to exit from flow control device 24, by way of trunklng 40 and venti lation ap~rture 18.
Fresh air ic induced to flow into the flow ~ontrol devi ce 24, ~hrough access ap~rtur~ ~0 and trunking 42. The perforated baffle 25 permit~ pressure balancin~, and effectively precludes a reve~sed flow of exhau~t air in apertur~ 18, about the ~djacent end of v~ne 44.
The eKtent of ~re~h air belng admitt~d through access 20 - 1 32(~047 .
and return flow air being exhausted through acc~5s lB is dependent upon the angle of set of vane 44. ~ith vane 44 at right angles to the position illustrated, there i~ full exhausting of air from fan 54, and full fresh air admi~sion to fan 52.
Referring to the Figure 4 embodiment, the device 2q' has an anc$11ary flow de41ector means comprising a lateral extension 44' to the guide vane 44.
In the ca~ of a heat load apparatu6 this may compri~e an engine driven generato~, such a5 a stand-by engine generator 70~ ~hown ~chematic~lly.
The flow control device 24'i~ capa~l~, ag b~fQre7 af one hundred per-ce~t recirculation, or one hundred per-cent air renewal and exhaust~ aperating at the two extreme positions for vane 44 indicate~ by chain datted line~.
In the illu~t~ated intermediate position of Figure ~ in which partial recirculat$on and partial exhau~t tak~s plac~
the lateral vane ancillary extension 44' promotes ~f4ective exhaust flow f~om device ~4' by way of outlet 20. This ancillary v~n~ 44' effectively preclude~ exhau~t air flowing along the face o4 vane 44 toward~ fre~h air inlet 18,and prevents any reci~culatiDn of exhaust air about the remote end of vane 44, t~ contaminate the ent~ing fresh ai~.
The ancillary vane portion 44' need no~ e~fectively obstruct the air exhaust flow path to part ~07 wh~n in a full-e~hau~t position, shswn in phantom.
~ n auxiliary he~ter 2~ is illustrated, for maintaining a , suitable ambient temperature within the enclosure 1~ when the engine~generator 70 i5 shut down, in a non-heat producing condition.
The thermal capacity of heater ~6 normally requires to be only a fraction of the heat capacity generated by engine/generator 70, when aperating.
While ~eference is made above to controlliny ai~ flaws, it will be understQod that the ef~ect of blendiny o-~t~ide ambient air to any desired extent with air being circulated through the heat transfer mechani6m, results also in control of air temperature. Thus, in essence, ~ir tempe~ature i~
controlled, within the capacity of the sy~tem, by controlling air flow.
Claims (18)
1. An air flow control system for controlling the direct mixing of air flowing from two sources at two differ-ent temperatures, comprising a mass air flow control device having a body portion; four air flow ports in oppositely paired, substantially quadranture relation having a pair of opposed air inlets and a pair of opposed air outlets; pivotal deflector vane means positioned in pivoted relation within the body between said ports, progressively moveable from a first position, isolating a first pair of mutually adjacent air flow ports from a second pair of mutually adjacent air flow ports, through a range of intermediate, selectively mod-ulating, air mixing positions to a second position isolating one port of said first pair of flow ports with one port of said second pair of flow ports from the remaining two said flow ports, in use to control the mixing of said air flows while in flow balance sustaining relation.
2. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 1, said pivotal vane means having a planar, substantially rec-tangular form, being pivotally mounted centrally of said body.
3. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 1, including ancillary flow control means located in at least partial air flow blocking relation between an interior sur-face of said body portion and said deflector vane means.
4. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 3, said ancillary flow control means comprising a barrier in co-operating relation with said deflector vane means, to sub-stantially preclude, in a predetermined intermediate flow mixing position of said vane means, the recirculation of air exiting through one said air flow port.
5. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 4, said barrier secured to an interior surface of said body por-tion and extending inwardly therefrom in substantially paral-lel relation with said vane means when adjacent thereto.
6. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 4, said barrier being secured to said vane means, adjacent an end portion thereof, to extend, in an intermediate flow mix-ing position of said vane means, into at least partial flow blocking relation with an adjacent portion of said body por-tion.
7. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 2, having said pivotal vane means pivoted about a vertical axis, for installation within an enclosure having openings to at-mosphere, said device including trunking conduit in sealed, flow conducting relation for connection with said enclosure openings.
8. The flow control device as set forth in Claim 7, in combination with said enclosure.
9. The combination as set forth in Claim 8, said en-closure containing a heat transfer device.
10. The combination as set forth in Claim 9, wherein said heat transfer device comprises ventilating means, said flow control device being operable to control the admission of atmospheric air to said ventilating means, and the passage of exhaust air therefrom to atmosphere, and the blending of fresh air by recirculation, in intermediately positioned flow mixing relation of the flow control device.
11. The combination as set forth in Claim 10, wherein said ventilating means incorporates air conditioning means.
12. The combination as set forth in Claim 9, wherein said heat transfer device comprises an engine and generator means, said flow control device being operable to control the admission of air in cooling relation with said engine and generator means, and to permit the passage of air therefrom directly to atmosphere, and to control air flow in mixing, controlled recirculating relation within said enclosure.
13. The combination as set forth in Claim 9, said air flow control device having seal means co-operating with said vane means, for sealing predetermined ones of said air flow ports, to isolate said ports connected with said enclosure openings from the other two said air flow ports of said de-vice.
14. The device as set forth in Claim 5, said harrier being perforated therethrough to permit restricted air flow therepast, in substantially pressure equalizing relation.
15. The device as set forth in Claim 1, said vane means being of substantially rectangular shape; said body portion being correspondingly of substantially square section to per-mit pivotal oscillation of said vane means about the polar axis thereof, in substantially sealing relation with adjacent side portions of said body portion intermediate said four air flow ports.
16. The method of operating a heat generating process having air in circulating heat transfer relation therewith within an enclosure having a pair of laterally separated air flow access ports respectively connected with a flow control device, said device having a first pair of adjacent mass flow ports thereof connected with said enclosure access ports; a second pair of mutually adjacent mass flow ports of the de-vice in opposed quadranture relation with said first pair;
fan means connected in air displacing relation with the de-vice; including the steps of providing a pivotal deflector means within the device moveable from a first position iso-lating one of said first pair of mass flow ports with one of said second pair of mass flow ports in flow transfer relation therebetween; moving said deflector means to a second posi-tion isolating said one of said first pair of mass flow ports with the other one of said second pair of flow ports, in flow transfer relation therebetween, to electively recirculate air through said heat generating process, and to introduce in-flowing air from outside the enclosure in heat transfer rela-tion with said heat generating process.
fan means connected in air displacing relation with the de-vice; including the steps of providing a pivotal deflector means within the device moveable from a first position iso-lating one of said first pair of mass flow ports with one of said second pair of mass flow ports in flow transfer relation therebetween; moving said deflector means to a second posi-tion isolating said one of said first pair of mass flow ports with the other one of said second pair of flow ports, in flow transfer relation therebetween, to electively recirculate air through said heat generating process, and to introduce in-flowing air from outside the enclosure in heat transfer rela-tion with said heat generating process.
17. The method as set forth in Claim 16, including blending said recirculated air with said in-flowing air, while maintaining air pressure within said enclosure substan-tially at atmospheric pressure.
18. The method as set forth in Claim 17, including se-lectively positioning said pivotal deflector means at inter-mediate, flow mixing positions, to balance air flows on each side of said deflector means in accordance with heat transfer and air make-up requirements of said heat generating pro-cess.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000594654A CA1320047C (en) | 1989-03-23 | 1989-03-23 | Ventilation and control systems |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000594654A CA1320047C (en) | 1989-03-23 | 1989-03-23 | Ventilation and control systems |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1320047C true CA1320047C (en) | 1993-07-13 |
Family
ID=4139801
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000594654A Expired - Fee Related CA1320047C (en) | 1989-03-23 | 1989-03-23 | Ventilation and control systems |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1320047C (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1559964A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-03 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Ventilating and air purifying device |
| EP1559963A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-03 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Combination air purifier and air ventilator |
| FR2914401A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-03 | Marcel Mauxion | Air arrival optimizing device for detached house, has flap valves respectively located in air arrival openings, electronic system automatically controlled by electronic case, and three temperature probes assistant with electronic case |
| FR2923896A1 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-22 | Anjos Soc Par Actions Simplifi | Air distribution unit for double air flow ventilation device in e.g. dwelling-house, has wings and partitions pierced from windows or notches that are selectively coincided in positions to ventilating-communicate flap with compartments |
| FR3071910A1 (en) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-05 | Atlantic Climatisation & Ventilation | VENTILATION HOUSING FOR RECYCLING THE AMBIENT AIR OF A VENTILATION FACILITY |
-
1989
- 1989-03-23 CA CA000594654A patent/CA1320047C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1559964A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-03 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Ventilating and air purifying device |
| EP1559963A1 (en) * | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-03 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Combination air purifier and air ventilator |
| US7332006B2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2008-02-19 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Ventilating and air purifying device |
| US7338358B2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2008-03-04 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Apparatus for air purifying and ventilating |
| FR2914401A1 (en) * | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-03 | Marcel Mauxion | Air arrival optimizing device for detached house, has flap valves respectively located in air arrival openings, electronic system automatically controlled by electronic case, and three temperature probes assistant with electronic case |
| FR2923896A1 (en) * | 2007-11-16 | 2009-05-22 | Anjos Soc Par Actions Simplifi | Air distribution unit for double air flow ventilation device in e.g. dwelling-house, has wings and partitions pierced from windows or notches that are selectively coincided in positions to ventilating-communicate flap with compartments |
| FR3071910A1 (en) * | 2017-10-02 | 2019-04-05 | Atlantic Climatisation & Ventilation | VENTILATION HOUSING FOR RECYCLING THE AMBIENT AIR OF A VENTILATION FACILITY |
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| MKLA | Lapsed |