CA1331865C - Apparatus for crystallizing whey - Google Patents
Apparatus for crystallizing wheyInfo
- Publication number
- CA1331865C CA1331865C CA000608041A CA608041A CA1331865C CA 1331865 C CA1331865 C CA 1331865C CA 000608041 A CA000608041 A CA 000608041A CA 608041 A CA608041 A CA 608041A CA 1331865 C CA1331865 C CA 1331865C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- disc
- whey
- spray dryer
- fluid bed
- apparatus defined
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C21/00—Whey; Whey preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C1/00—Concentration, evaporation or drying
- A23C1/04—Concentration, evaporation or drying by spraying into a gas stream
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D9/00—Crystallisation
- B01D9/005—Selection of auxiliary, e.g. for control of crystallisation nuclei, of crystal growth, of adherence to walls; Arrangements for introduction thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C2210/00—Physical treatment of dairy products
- A23C2210/05—Conventional drying followed by fluidised bed drying; Fluidised bed drying at the bottom of a spray-drier
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S159/00—Concentrating evaporators
- Y10S159/03—Fluidized bed
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Whey is dried in an apparatus containing an evaporator, a pre-crystallizer, a spray dryer, a fluid bed, means for moving the whey from the evaporator to the pre-crystallizer and then to the spray dryer, a disc located between the spray dryer and the fluid bed and having a cone-shaped upper surface, a shaft supporting the disc for rotation in a horizontal plane, and means for rotating the disc whereby the surface of the disc will receive partially dried whey from the spray dryer and deliver the whey to the fluid bed while permitting crystallization of the whey as it rests on the surface of the disc.
Whey is dried in an apparatus containing an evaporator, a pre-crystallizer, a spray dryer, a fluid bed, means for moving the whey from the evaporator to the pre-crystallizer and then to the spray dryer, a disc located between the spray dryer and the fluid bed and having a cone-shaped upper surface, a shaft supporting the disc for rotation in a horizontal plane, and means for rotating the disc whereby the surface of the disc will receive partially dried whey from the spray dryer and deliver the whey to the fluid bed while permitting crystallization of the whey as it rests on the surface of the disc.
Description
~ 133186~
APPARATUS FOR CRYSTALLIZING WHEY
The present invention relates to improved apparatus for crystallizing whey.
. , BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Whey is the watery residue remaining after fat and casein have been removed from whole milk in the manufacture of cheese, or after casein has been removed from skim milk in the manufacture of casein or cottage cheese. The composition of whey varies, but a typical whey has a solids content of about 6%, about 60-70S of which is lactose or milk sugar. Also present is protein, mainly albumin, and small amounts of fat and various ~ mineral salts or ash.
- The lactose in raw whey is an equilibrium mixture of lS the alpha and the beta forms of the lactose. The alpha form i crystallizes from solution as the monohydrate at temperatures ~ below 93-C and is the ordinary milk sugar of commerce. ~he beta ~`~ form, present in the equilibrium mixture in the ~reater amount, is an anhydride which crystallizes above 93-C. When whey is i 20 rapidly dried to a low moisture content, the dry product contains alpha and beta lactose in essentially the same proportions as in ~
tbe whey before it has been dried. The rapidly dried product is a non-crystalline, paste-like material, which iB difficult to process.
Although the following disclosure i9 made with particular reference to the drying of whey, it will be clearly understood that the apparatus i8 also useful for the drying of whey permeate.
Tl ~ ` :
Description of the Prior Art Prior art procedures for drying and crystallizing whey are described in U.S. patents 2,172,393; 2,188,907; 2,197,804, ~i .
~ .
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I33186~
` .~
1 and 2,336,461. In a typical procedure, the raw whey is first concentrated by the removal of water in a series of multiple effect vacuum evaporators. The concentrated liquid whey from the evaporators, while still warm, is incompletely dried on a pair of steam-heated, outwardly rotating drums. Th- pasty ~aterial formed i~ stripped from the drum- by mo~n- of doctor blad-- and deposited on an endless belt. The pasty material rests on the belt for some time and the lactose crystalliz-s ts form the alpha hydrate (moisture in the pasty material provides the water required for forming the crystalline hydrate). The crystalline hydrate is non-hygroscopic and is easy to handle.
The endless belt is ~ore than a means for conveyin~
partially dried lactose from the drying drums to the next stag~
.
in its processing. The slow moving belt provides time, typicall~
10 minutes is generally sufficient, for the pa~ty material fror the drying drums to crystallize so that it can be conveniently handled for packaging or further drying.
A more recent procedure, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, ~ubstitutes a spray dryer for the drum dryer previousl~
utilizod for drying tbe concentrated whey fro~ th- evaporators.
Th- pray dried whey i8 then passed to th ndl-~- b-lt, whic~
serves the same function as before. The crystallized ~aterial or th- belt is t~en further dried, and also cooled, $n ~ fluid bec to contain about 2% free water and about 3~ crystal bound water.
Due to it6 structure and mode of operation, it i- ver~
difficult to keep the conveyor belt clean ana sanitary ir compliance with current regulatory standards. Also, the materia~
on the belt tends to get into and foul the driving ~echanism fo~
the b-lt. In order to wash the belt and clean it- drivins ~echanism, it typically is necessary~to partially di-a-~embl- th~
apparatus and remove the belt, a time consuming procedure.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention t~
provide apparatus for the drying of whey which is both sanitar~
and convenient to clean, and which can-be cleaned-in-place.
E
33186~
Brief Descri~tion of the Invention It has been discovered that the substitution of a rotating disc for the endlecs belt heretofore utilized as the cry~tallization stage in the production of dried whey or lactose provides an improved drying apparatus. ~hat apparatus comprises: -an evaporator, a spray dryer, a fluid bed, means for -moving said whey from said evaporator to said ~pray dryer, a di6c located between said spray dryer and ~aid fluid bed and having a cone-shaped upper surface, a shaft supporting said disc for rotation in a horizontal plane, and means for rotating said ~ ~ -disc whereby said surface of said disc will receive partially dried whey from said spray dryer and deliver sald whey to said -~
fluid bed while permitting cry~tallization of said whey as it rests on said surface of said disc.
Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinas Figure 1 is a flow sheet illustrating an overall ~-process for the drying of whey.
Figure 2 illustrates a portion of the apparatus of the prior art wherein an endless belt i8 utilized for the crystallizing stage.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a disc and related apparatus used as the crystallizing 6tage in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 4 i8 a plan view of the disc and related ~ -apparatus of Figure 3.
Figure 5 i8 a rear view of the disc and related apparatus of Figure 3.
~ Figure 6 is a perspective view of a scraper used in the apparatus of Figure 3.
. '`.
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13`3.186~
Figure 7 is a plan vlew of alternate means for supportlng a disc used as the cry~talllzing stage in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a side elevatlon, partly broken away, of " i, the alternate disc support means shown by Flgure 7.
~e,tailed DescriDtion of the Invention With reference to the drawings wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or like parts throughout, Figures 3-6 illustrate one embodiment o~ a disc 12 and related apparatus used as the crystallizinq stage in the present invention. The disc 12 is supported by means of a shaft 14 suspended from a frame 16. The frame 16 is comprised of a base 20 and a beam 22 support-d by frame members 24 and 26 which ln turn are ~upported from the base 20 by angular braces 25 and 27. The base 20 is supported for rolling movement across a supporting ~urface by means of a plurality of wheels 28.
The shaft 14 is rotatably suspended by means of a bearing assembly 15 from the beam 22. A motor 18 al80 supported ' by the beam 22 drives the shaft 14 by means of a chain 17 engaging a sprocket 19 fixed to the upper end of the shaft. A
curved scraper or doctor blade 32 i8 provided at the lower end of a similarly curved plate 30 which is supported by rods 34 and 36 from the beam 22. The lower edge of the scraper 32 is positioned to ride within about one-quarter inch of the cone-shaped upper surface of the disc 12 to remove the whey deposited thereon as will be more fully described here below. The base 20 of frame 16 i~ movably mounted on the wheels 28 to permit the disc 12 to be moved relative to a spray dryer and fluid bed to permit cleaning ~ of the cone shaped upper surface 10 of the disc 12. A second cone shaped surface 11 which is ~nverted relative to the cone shaped upper surface 10 is provided to cover the bottom of the 4 ' -~. .
.;
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-i 133186~
, ~
disc and thereby prevent accumulation of dirt and other debris on the lower surface of the di~c. The ~craper 32 and 6upport~ng structure is shown in Figure 6.
Figures 7 and 8 show Dn alternate ~pp~ratus for supportinq a disc used as the crystallization stage in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figures 7 and 8 show a relatively large generally cylindrical, fabricated housing 40 which movably supports and encloses a crystallizing disc. In Pigure 8 a portion of the side of the housinq 40 is broken away to show a disc 12 having upper and lower cone shaped surfaces 10 and 11 supported and suspended by a shaft 14 which is rotatably mounted at the apex 41 of the ~ -housing 40.
As in the previous embodiment, the shaft 14 is rotatably driven by a motor 18 and chain 17 engaqing a sprocket 19 fixed to the upper end of the shaft 14. The motor 18 is supported by the housing 40.
The housing 40 is also provided with an upstanding circular inlet 38 for receiving whey from a spray drier. The disc 12 rotates in an counterclockwlse direction as shown by the arrow in Figure 7-and the crystallized whey is wiped off the disc 12 by a scraper positioned proximate the outlet 39.
The housing 40 is suspended by trolleys 44 provided at the upper end of four tubular rods 42. Each tubular rod 42 is suspènded from a base plate 44 of a trolley 44. A pair of pstanding side plates 45 and ~ each rotatably mount a roller 47, 48. The rollers 47 and 48 are disposed to ride on the surfaces of a flange of beam 50 or beam 51. The beams 50, 51 constitute the major part of a supporting frame for the housing 3~ 40 and disc 12. The beams 50 and 51 which are schematically represented by dot-dash lines i~ Figure 7 may be supported at !` j ~t ~
, , ' ..
1331~ B~ `-their opposite ends by pedestal~ or hung from a building framework in conventional manner.
With the embodiment shown by Figures 7 and 8, the housing 40 supporting the disc 12 and motor 18 can be moved by the trolleys 44 relative to the beams 50, 51 to move the disc 12 and supporting housing 40 away from a spray dryer and fluid bed to permit cleaning of the cone-shaped surfaces of the disc 12 Preferably, the cry~tallizing di~c 12, as shown in Figures 3 and 8 comprises two cones welded together for increased strength. The pointed shape of the lower cone is particularly helpful in preventing dirt from aecumulating on the lower surface the disc. ~nd when the disc is eleaned by washing with water, the pointed shape of the upper cone permits the wash water to drain freely off the disc. Since the whey may be slightly acidic lS and the disc is constantly in contact with moisture, the disc should be fabricated of a corrosion re~istant metal, preferably stainless steel.
- The disc hangs from a shaft which is supported by a frame. The means for rotating the dise are preferably positioned above the dise to keep them dry and free of whey powder. The dise i~ eonveniently rotated by a chaln drive powored by a ~parX-fr~e motor, since dried whey powder is very flammable. The dise and shaft are movable relative to the body of the apparatus for eonvenienee in cleaning and can be cleaned by washing or hosing down with water.
The apparatus eontains, ln addition to the dise, a doetor blade or seraper for removing erystallized laetose from the dise. The seraper is mounted u~ing vertieally ad~ustable fasteninq means so that its position relative to the dise ean be 30~ readily adjusted. The seraper as shown by Figure 6 is fabrieated of a bent pieee of sheet metal and has a diameter slightly bigger than the radius of the dise so that the seraper will urge the ., ~, 'iP~ ' . ...
1331865 ~
.;
cry~tallized lactose toward the edge of the di~c. The lower part of the scraper is ~haped like a cone to overcome the tendency for the powder to stick to the disc and to llft the powder from the disc.
Except for the disc and related rotating means and the scraper, the apparatus of the present invention utilizes eguipment conventionally utilized for the drying of whey. In operation, the crude whey is concentrated as much as feasible, without adversely affecting the whey or the ability to pump the concentrate, using multiple effect vacuum evaporators. The evaporated whey from which about 70% of the water has been removed is then pumped to the spray dryer. The pasty material from the spray dryer, containing about 12% water, i~ passed to the disc where the cone-shape upper surface of the di~c tends to - ~5 ~venly distribute the pasty material onto the disc. The di~c ~lowly rotates with a period of rotation o~ about 10 minute- and ~- th- pa~ty material crystallizes in the surface of the diBC. The scraper separates the crystallized lactose from the disc and .
;~ pa~se~ it to the fluid bed for drying to a final ~oisture content ~ ~0 of about 3.5-5~.
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APPARATUS FOR CRYSTALLIZING WHEY
The present invention relates to improved apparatus for crystallizing whey.
. , BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Whey is the watery residue remaining after fat and casein have been removed from whole milk in the manufacture of cheese, or after casein has been removed from skim milk in the manufacture of casein or cottage cheese. The composition of whey varies, but a typical whey has a solids content of about 6%, about 60-70S of which is lactose or milk sugar. Also present is protein, mainly albumin, and small amounts of fat and various ~ mineral salts or ash.
- The lactose in raw whey is an equilibrium mixture of lS the alpha and the beta forms of the lactose. The alpha form i crystallizes from solution as the monohydrate at temperatures ~ below 93-C and is the ordinary milk sugar of commerce. ~he beta ~`~ form, present in the equilibrium mixture in the ~reater amount, is an anhydride which crystallizes above 93-C. When whey is i 20 rapidly dried to a low moisture content, the dry product contains alpha and beta lactose in essentially the same proportions as in ~
tbe whey before it has been dried. The rapidly dried product is a non-crystalline, paste-like material, which iB difficult to process.
Although the following disclosure i9 made with particular reference to the drying of whey, it will be clearly understood that the apparatus i8 also useful for the drying of whey permeate.
Tl ~ ` :
Description of the Prior Art Prior art procedures for drying and crystallizing whey are described in U.S. patents 2,172,393; 2,188,907; 2,197,804, ~i .
~ .
r5,~
I33186~
` .~
1 and 2,336,461. In a typical procedure, the raw whey is first concentrated by the removal of water in a series of multiple effect vacuum evaporators. The concentrated liquid whey from the evaporators, while still warm, is incompletely dried on a pair of steam-heated, outwardly rotating drums. Th- pasty ~aterial formed i~ stripped from the drum- by mo~n- of doctor blad-- and deposited on an endless belt. The pasty material rests on the belt for some time and the lactose crystalliz-s ts form the alpha hydrate (moisture in the pasty material provides the water required for forming the crystalline hydrate). The crystalline hydrate is non-hygroscopic and is easy to handle.
The endless belt is ~ore than a means for conveyin~
partially dried lactose from the drying drums to the next stag~
.
in its processing. The slow moving belt provides time, typicall~
10 minutes is generally sufficient, for the pa~ty material fror the drying drums to crystallize so that it can be conveniently handled for packaging or further drying.
A more recent procedure, as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, ~ubstitutes a spray dryer for the drum dryer previousl~
utilizod for drying tbe concentrated whey fro~ th- evaporators.
Th- pray dried whey i8 then passed to th ndl-~- b-lt, whic~
serves the same function as before. The crystallized ~aterial or th- belt is t~en further dried, and also cooled, $n ~ fluid bec to contain about 2% free water and about 3~ crystal bound water.
Due to it6 structure and mode of operation, it i- ver~
difficult to keep the conveyor belt clean ana sanitary ir compliance with current regulatory standards. Also, the materia~
on the belt tends to get into and foul the driving ~echanism fo~
the b-lt. In order to wash the belt and clean it- drivins ~echanism, it typically is necessary~to partially di-a-~embl- th~
apparatus and remove the belt, a time consuming procedure.
It is, therefore, an object of the present invention t~
provide apparatus for the drying of whey which is both sanitar~
and convenient to clean, and which can-be cleaned-in-place.
E
33186~
Brief Descri~tion of the Invention It has been discovered that the substitution of a rotating disc for the endlecs belt heretofore utilized as the cry~tallization stage in the production of dried whey or lactose provides an improved drying apparatus. ~hat apparatus comprises: -an evaporator, a spray dryer, a fluid bed, means for -moving said whey from said evaporator to said ~pray dryer, a di6c located between said spray dryer and ~aid fluid bed and having a cone-shaped upper surface, a shaft supporting said disc for rotation in a horizontal plane, and means for rotating said ~ ~ -disc whereby said surface of said disc will receive partially dried whey from said spray dryer and deliver sald whey to said -~
fluid bed while permitting cry~tallization of said whey as it rests on said surface of said disc.
Brief Descri~tion of the Drawinas Figure 1 is a flow sheet illustrating an overall ~-process for the drying of whey.
Figure 2 illustrates a portion of the apparatus of the prior art wherein an endless belt i8 utilized for the crystallizing stage.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a disc and related apparatus used as the crystallizing 6tage in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 4 i8 a plan view of the disc and related ~ -apparatus of Figure 3.
Figure 5 i8 a rear view of the disc and related apparatus of Figure 3.
~ Figure 6 is a perspective view of a scraper used in the apparatus of Figure 3.
. '`.
- . . ~. . . . . .
13`3.186~
Figure 7 is a plan vlew of alternate means for supportlng a disc used as the cry~talllzing stage in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a side elevatlon, partly broken away, of " i, the alternate disc support means shown by Flgure 7.
~e,tailed DescriDtion of the Invention With reference to the drawings wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or like parts throughout, Figures 3-6 illustrate one embodiment o~ a disc 12 and related apparatus used as the crystallizinq stage in the present invention. The disc 12 is supported by means of a shaft 14 suspended from a frame 16. The frame 16 is comprised of a base 20 and a beam 22 support-d by frame members 24 and 26 which ln turn are ~upported from the base 20 by angular braces 25 and 27. The base 20 is supported for rolling movement across a supporting ~urface by means of a plurality of wheels 28.
The shaft 14 is rotatably suspended by means of a bearing assembly 15 from the beam 22. A motor 18 al80 supported ' by the beam 22 drives the shaft 14 by means of a chain 17 engaging a sprocket 19 fixed to the upper end of the shaft. A
curved scraper or doctor blade 32 i8 provided at the lower end of a similarly curved plate 30 which is supported by rods 34 and 36 from the beam 22. The lower edge of the scraper 32 is positioned to ride within about one-quarter inch of the cone-shaped upper surface of the disc 12 to remove the whey deposited thereon as will be more fully described here below. The base 20 of frame 16 i~ movably mounted on the wheels 28 to permit the disc 12 to be moved relative to a spray dryer and fluid bed to permit cleaning ~ of the cone shaped upper surface 10 of the disc 12. A second cone shaped surface 11 which is ~nverted relative to the cone shaped upper surface 10 is provided to cover the bottom of the 4 ' -~. .
.;
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-i 133186~
, ~
disc and thereby prevent accumulation of dirt and other debris on the lower surface of the di~c. The ~craper 32 and 6upport~ng structure is shown in Figure 6.
Figures 7 and 8 show Dn alternate ~pp~ratus for supportinq a disc used as the crystallization stage in the apparatus of the present invention.
Figures 7 and 8 show a relatively large generally cylindrical, fabricated housing 40 which movably supports and encloses a crystallizing disc. In Pigure 8 a portion of the side of the housinq 40 is broken away to show a disc 12 having upper and lower cone shaped surfaces 10 and 11 supported and suspended by a shaft 14 which is rotatably mounted at the apex 41 of the ~ -housing 40.
As in the previous embodiment, the shaft 14 is rotatably driven by a motor 18 and chain 17 engaqing a sprocket 19 fixed to the upper end of the shaft 14. The motor 18 is supported by the housing 40.
The housing 40 is also provided with an upstanding circular inlet 38 for receiving whey from a spray drier. The disc 12 rotates in an counterclockwlse direction as shown by the arrow in Figure 7-and the crystallized whey is wiped off the disc 12 by a scraper positioned proximate the outlet 39.
The housing 40 is suspended by trolleys 44 provided at the upper end of four tubular rods 42. Each tubular rod 42 is suspènded from a base plate 44 of a trolley 44. A pair of pstanding side plates 45 and ~ each rotatably mount a roller 47, 48. The rollers 47 and 48 are disposed to ride on the surfaces of a flange of beam 50 or beam 51. The beams 50, 51 constitute the major part of a supporting frame for the housing 3~ 40 and disc 12. The beams 50 and 51 which are schematically represented by dot-dash lines i~ Figure 7 may be supported at !` j ~t ~
, , ' ..
1331~ B~ `-their opposite ends by pedestal~ or hung from a building framework in conventional manner.
With the embodiment shown by Figures 7 and 8, the housing 40 supporting the disc 12 and motor 18 can be moved by the trolleys 44 relative to the beams 50, 51 to move the disc 12 and supporting housing 40 away from a spray dryer and fluid bed to permit cleaning of the cone-shaped surfaces of the disc 12 Preferably, the cry~tallizing di~c 12, as shown in Figures 3 and 8 comprises two cones welded together for increased strength. The pointed shape of the lower cone is particularly helpful in preventing dirt from aecumulating on the lower surface the disc. ~nd when the disc is eleaned by washing with water, the pointed shape of the upper cone permits the wash water to drain freely off the disc. Since the whey may be slightly acidic lS and the disc is constantly in contact with moisture, the disc should be fabricated of a corrosion re~istant metal, preferably stainless steel.
- The disc hangs from a shaft which is supported by a frame. The means for rotating the dise are preferably positioned above the dise to keep them dry and free of whey powder. The dise i~ eonveniently rotated by a chaln drive powored by a ~parX-fr~e motor, since dried whey powder is very flammable. The dise and shaft are movable relative to the body of the apparatus for eonvenienee in cleaning and can be cleaned by washing or hosing down with water.
The apparatus eontains, ln addition to the dise, a doetor blade or seraper for removing erystallized laetose from the dise. The seraper is mounted u~ing vertieally ad~ustable fasteninq means so that its position relative to the dise ean be 30~ readily adjusted. The seraper as shown by Figure 6 is fabrieated of a bent pieee of sheet metal and has a diameter slightly bigger than the radius of the dise so that the seraper will urge the ., ~, 'iP~ ' . ...
1331865 ~
.;
cry~tallized lactose toward the edge of the di~c. The lower part of the scraper is ~haped like a cone to overcome the tendency for the powder to stick to the disc and to llft the powder from the disc.
Except for the disc and related rotating means and the scraper, the apparatus of the present invention utilizes eguipment conventionally utilized for the drying of whey. In operation, the crude whey is concentrated as much as feasible, without adversely affecting the whey or the ability to pump the concentrate, using multiple effect vacuum evaporators. The evaporated whey from which about 70% of the water has been removed is then pumped to the spray dryer. The pasty material from the spray dryer, containing about 12% water, i~ passed to the disc where the cone-shape upper surface of the di~c tends to - ~5 ~venly distribute the pasty material onto the disc. The di~c ~lowly rotates with a period of rotation o~ about 10 minute- and ~- th- pa~ty material crystallizes in the surface of the diBC. The scraper separates the crystallized lactose from the disc and .
;~ pa~se~ it to the fluid bed for drying to a final ~oisture content ~ ~0 of about 3.5-5~.
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Claims (8)
1. Apparatus for drying whey or whey permeate comprising:
an evaporator, a pre-crystallizer, a spray dryer, a fluid bed, means for moving said whey from said evaporator to said pre-crystallizer, means for moving said whey from the pre-crystallizer to said spray dryer, a disc located between said spray dryer and said fluid bed and having a cone-shaped upper surface, a shaft supporting said disc for rotation in a horizontal plane, and means for rotating said disc whereby said surface of said disc will receive partially dried whey from said spray dryer and deliver said whey to said fluid bed while permitting crystallization of said whey as it rests on said surface of said disc.
an evaporator, a pre-crystallizer, a spray dryer, a fluid bed, means for moving said whey from said evaporator to said pre-crystallizer, means for moving said whey from the pre-crystallizer to said spray dryer, a disc located between said spray dryer and said fluid bed and having a cone-shaped upper surface, a shaft supporting said disc for rotation in a horizontal plane, and means for rotating said disc whereby said surface of said disc will receive partially dried whey from said spray dryer and deliver said whey to said fluid bed while permitting crystallization of said whey as it rests on said surface of said disc.
2. The apparatus defined in claim 1, further including a scraper having an edge surface wiping whey from said surface of said disc.
3. The apparatus defined by claim 1, further including a frame supporting said shaft and said disc is suspended from said frame by said shaft.
4. The apparatus defined by claim 1, wherein said means for rotating said disc is located above said disc.
5. The apparatus defined by claim 1, wherein said means for rotating said disc is adjustable to rotate said disc at different speeds.
6. The apparatus defined by claim 1, wherein said disc includes a second cone-shaped surface which is inverted relative to said cone-shaped upper surface and covers the bottom of said disc.
7. The apparatus defined by claim 3, wherein said frame and said disc are movable relative to said spray dryer and said fluid bed to permit direct connection between said spray dryer and said fluid bed.
8. The apparatus defined by claim 1, wherein said disc is supported for rotation in a housing and said housing is provided with built-in spray nozzles to permit cleaning-in-place of said disc.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US23054588A | 1988-08-10 | 1988-08-10 | |
| US230,545 | 1988-08-10 | ||
| US07/264,569 US5006204A (en) | 1988-08-10 | 1988-10-31 | Apparatus for crystallizing whey |
| US264,569 | 1988-10-31 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1331865C true CA1331865C (en) | 1994-09-06 |
Family
ID=26924337
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000608041A Expired - Fee Related CA1331865C (en) | 1988-08-10 | 1989-08-10 | Apparatus for crystallizing whey |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5006204A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0356071B1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU626311B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1331865C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE68910047D1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK389989A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI893733A (en) |
Families Citing this family (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2287097A (en) * | 1996-03-25 | 1997-10-17 | Apv Anhydro A/S | Process and apparatus for converting liquid whey into powder |
| US6627426B2 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 2003-09-30 | Invitrogen Corporation | Methods for reducing adventitious agents and toxins and cell culture reagents produced thereby |
| US20040022666A1 (en) * | 1998-06-30 | 2004-02-05 | Invitrogen Corporation | Methods for reducing adventitious agents and toxins and cell culture reagents produced thereby |
| US20060003447A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2006-01-05 | Richard Fike | Dry powder cells and cell culture reagents and methods of production thereof |
| US6383810B2 (en) | 1997-02-14 | 2002-05-07 | Invitrogen Corporation | Dry powder cells and cell culture reagents and methods of production thereof |
| WO2000000225A1 (en) | 1998-06-30 | 2000-01-06 | Invitrogen Corporation | Methods for reducing adventitious agents and toxins and cell culture reagents produced thereby |
| WO2000072692A1 (en) | 1999-05-31 | 2000-12-07 | Apv Anhydro A/S | Concentration of liquid products |
| DK1221859T3 (en) | 1999-09-22 | 2004-03-22 | Apv Nordic As Anhydro | Preparation of proteinaceous powdery product |
| DE60020732T2 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 2006-05-11 | Kerkhof, Nicholas J., Rio Vista | METHOD FOR PRODUCING NANOMETER PARTICLES BY FLUID BED SPRAY DRYING |
| US8771740B2 (en) * | 1999-12-20 | 2014-07-08 | Nicholas J. Kerkhof | Process for producing nanoparticles by spray drying |
| GB9930562D0 (en) * | 1999-12-23 | 2000-02-16 | Boc Group Plc | Partial oxidation of hydrogen sulphide |
| ES2254419T3 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2006-06-16 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | MOLECULAR CAST AND METHODS TO PRODUCE AND USE THE MOLECULAR CASE. |
| WO2002036735A2 (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2002-05-10 | Invitrogen Corporation | Dry powder cells and cell culture reagents and methods of production thereof |
| WO2002087347A1 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2002-11-07 | Apv Nordic A/S, Anhydro | A method and a system for converting liquid products into free-flowing powders with spray drying |
| ES2341645T3 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2010-06-24 | Life Technologies Corporation | MEANS FOR CELL CULTURE. |
| NZ535730A (en) * | 2002-03-04 | 2009-01-31 | Keller Technologies Inc | Process for drying high-lactose aqueous fluids where the product to be dried is suspended in a column of rising hot air |
| DK200200567A (en) | 2002-04-17 | 2002-04-17 | Niro Atomizer As | Process and plant for evaporative concentration and crystallization of a viscous lactose-containing aqueous liquid |
| EP1945038A1 (en) * | 2005-09-30 | 2008-07-23 | Niro A/S | An apparatus and a process for drying high carbohydrate content liquids |
| SI2488048T1 (en) * | 2009-10-14 | 2017-03-31 | Xyleco, Inc. | Producing edible residues from ethanol production |
| US10440971B2 (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2019-10-15 | Keller Technologies, Inc. | System for drying acid whey |
| CN103629896A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-03-12 | 大连恒大高新材料开发有限公司 | Raw-material pre-crystallizer of polyester filament yarn needling geotechnical cloth production line |
| WO2017106008A1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-22 | Keller A Kent | Dryer for lactose and high lactose products |
| DE102020132043A1 (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-06-02 | Lübbers FTS GmbH | Crystallization device for crystallizing a preliminary product and drying device |
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| US2172393A (en) * | 1935-10-15 | 1939-09-12 | Buffalo Foundry & Machine Co | Process for drying whey |
| US2336461A (en) * | 1938-02-25 | 1943-12-14 | Borden Co | Apparatus and method for producing dry products |
| US3345683A (en) * | 1964-10-23 | 1967-10-10 | Eirich Wilhelm | Inclined-dish granulator and separator |
| NL6617397A (en) * | 1966-12-09 | 1968-06-10 | ||
| CA916665A (en) * | 1970-02-17 | 1972-12-12 | Cominco Ltd. | Potash granulation |
| CH542638A (en) * | 1970-06-26 | 1973-10-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Device for converting liquid into solid phases |
| US3966975A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1976-06-29 | Aktieselskabet Niro Atomizer | Method for producing agglomerated powders and apparatus for performing the method |
| US4109019A (en) * | 1975-11-18 | 1978-08-22 | William Percy Moore | Process for improved ruminant feed supplements |
| US4264543A (en) * | 1977-03-08 | 1981-04-28 | Oil-Dri Corporation Of America | Process for manufacturing synthetic gypsum absorbent granules |
| US4189343A (en) * | 1978-09-05 | 1980-02-19 | Overton Lyle S | Variable speed drum concentrating machine |
| US4756838A (en) * | 1980-02-21 | 1988-07-12 | Veltman Preston Leonard | Preparation of dry dialysate products |
| DE3174832D1 (en) * | 1980-03-24 | 1986-07-24 | Ici Plc | Preparation of a dried transition metal product |
| US4643852A (en) * | 1981-04-13 | 1987-02-17 | Koslow Evan E | Energy efficient phase transfer/dispersion systems and methods for using the same |
| DK157053B (en) * | 1982-06-14 | 1989-11-06 | Niro Atomizer As | PROCEDURE FOR THE PREPARATION OF AN AGGLOMERATED POWDER-MILK PRODUCT |
| US4561192A (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1985-12-31 | Dairyman's Cooperative Creamery Assoc. | Spray drying apparatus and method |
| US4657767A (en) * | 1985-11-07 | 1987-04-14 | Dairyman's Cooperative Creamery Assoc. | Spray drying apparatus and method |
-
1988
- 1988-10-31 US US07/264,569 patent/US5006204A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1989
- 1989-08-08 FI FI893733A patent/FI893733A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-08-09 AU AU39434/89A patent/AU626311B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1989-08-09 DK DK389989A patent/DK389989A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-08-10 DE DE89308127T patent/DE68910047D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-10 EP EP89308127A patent/EP0356071B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-08-10 CA CA000608041A patent/CA1331865C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU626311B2 (en) | 1992-07-30 |
| AU3943489A (en) | 1990-02-15 |
| EP0356071A2 (en) | 1990-02-28 |
| US5006204A (en) | 1991-04-09 |
| DE68910047D1 (en) | 1993-11-25 |
| EP0356071A3 (en) | 1990-09-19 |
| EP0356071B1 (en) | 1993-10-20 |
| DK389989A (en) | 1990-05-01 |
| FI893733A (en) | 1990-02-11 |
| DK389989D0 (en) | 1989-08-09 |
| FI893733A0 (en) | 1989-08-08 |
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