CA2008510A1 - Femoral stem distal centralizer - Google Patents
Femoral stem distal centralizerInfo
- Publication number
- CA2008510A1 CA2008510A1 CA002008510A CA2008510A CA2008510A1 CA 2008510 A1 CA2008510 A1 CA 2008510A1 CA 002008510 A CA002008510 A CA 002008510A CA 2008510 A CA2008510 A CA 2008510A CA 2008510 A1 CA2008510 A1 CA 2008510A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- natural femur
- femoral stem
- distal end
- aligning
- femur
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
Classifications
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- A61F2002/30329—Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
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- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A device for centralizing a prosthetic femoral stem within a prepared natural femur and plugging the femoral canal includes a first member having a shape generally similar to the shape of the femoral stem for temporary insertion within the natural femur, a rod member for slidable insertion through a bore in the first member, and a second member releasably connected to the distal end of the rod member for permanent insertion within the natural femur for aligning the distal end of the femoral stem and plugging the canal of the natural femur.
A device for centralizing a prosthetic femoral stem within a prepared natural femur and plugging the femoral canal includes a first member having a shape generally similar to the shape of the femoral stem for temporary insertion within the natural femur, a rod member for slidable insertion through a bore in the first member, and a second member releasably connected to the distal end of the rod member for permanent insertion within the natural femur for aligning the distal end of the femoral stem and plugging the canal of the natural femur.
Description
3ACKGROU~D OF TUE INVENT~ON
~ield of the Invention The present invention relates to orthopedic devices and, more particularly, to a device for centralizing a prosthetic S femoral stem.
Description of the Prior Art In some arthritic patients, or those having other degenerative joint diseases, treatment may involve replacing the affected joint with a prosthesis. A prosthetic femoral stem with an integral or modular head, for example, can be used to replace the natural femoral head and neck. The surgeon removes the deseased femoral head and neck, and reams the bone to sha?e the canal within the femur to accept the stem of the j?rosthesis.
IThe prosthetic femoral stem is ?laced in the cznal where it is surrounded by bone cemen . A ?roblem cf.en e~?er-enced with ~ 5 ~ ~ _ ~ ` r~ - ~ T--~ 5 '~r r~ V r~ r S ~ I _ r~ ~ 2~.a -12' ~.ai~ Cs -~,~ ?c~ or. ~.- ; --,e -e~e-.
se2s. Si.mj~ly ? acing ne ?ica~;ncis-s n ne -ar.21 ar.d Isu~-ouncing t wi.;~ ~one cement does not 2ssure that .ne ? Gs~e5is w-~ -es_-G~ ?ss~ ci- ~.a. --i~ ~s-i"~.~
mhere s a -.eed ~r ~ dev ce -Gr cer. -ali~ ^.g - ~D
?i-~si;hD~ic Dmo a~ s-~ 2~~g ~ ? ~ e -~i~.c-zl _c i-.2I ~~
? D V D ~. ' r D ~ er.~ _ _~ ~.~v~ ~ c_, ~ D r r~ 5 - _ _ _ ~ ~ jr c r - d 2~ I _r such a cev ce wr.-ch _-n ~e e2s _J use~ w- n e~s ir.-?ros.heses and suraical ecnriaues.
! SUMMARY O~ THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a device for centralizing and plugging a prosthetic femoral stem which has a proximal end and a distal end. The device includes a first member, preferably having a shape generally similar to the shape of the femoral stem, for temporary insertion within the natural femur.
The first member has means for assuring that the first member is inserted into the natural femur to a predetermined depth and means releasably and movably associated therewith for permanent insertion within the natural femur for aligning the distal end of the femoral stem at a desired position within the natural femur.
The first member preferably includes a bore therethrough.
The aligning means preferably includes a rod member for slidable insertion through the bore and a second member releasably connected to a distal end of the rod member for permanent insertion into the natural femur for aligning the dis~al end of the 'emoral s.em a; the desired ?osition. The second member -r.ciudes means -c- ?- ?c_n~ -ne -emG. a~ -a-al.
20l The assur-ng ~eans ~ay be a - an~e-~ike ?or.iGn cGn- gu~ed ¦ .o ~est on a cut surface of the natl~ral ~emur ~o iimit the depth ~o wr.ich ,ne ~irs. .mem~er can ~e inser.ed in~ ne -.z.u-21 emur.
~ield of the Invention The present invention relates to orthopedic devices and, more particularly, to a device for centralizing a prosthetic S femoral stem.
Description of the Prior Art In some arthritic patients, or those having other degenerative joint diseases, treatment may involve replacing the affected joint with a prosthesis. A prosthetic femoral stem with an integral or modular head, for example, can be used to replace the natural femoral head and neck. The surgeon removes the deseased femoral head and neck, and reams the bone to sha?e the canal within the femur to accept the stem of the j?rosthesis.
IThe prosthetic femoral stem is ?laced in the cznal where it is surrounded by bone cemen . A ?roblem cf.en e~?er-enced with ~ 5 ~ ~ _ ~ ` r~ - ~ T--~ 5 '~r r~ V r~ r S ~ I _ r~ ~ 2~.a -12' ~.ai~ Cs -~,~ ?c~ or. ~.- ; --,e -e~e-.
se2s. Si.mj~ly ? acing ne ?ica~;ncis-s n ne -ar.21 ar.d Isu~-ouncing t wi.;~ ~one cement does not 2ssure that .ne ? Gs~e5is w-~ -es_-G~ ?ss~ ci- ~.a. --i~ ~s-i"~.~
mhere s a -.eed ~r ~ dev ce -Gr cer. -ali~ ^.g - ~D
?i-~si;hD~ic Dmo a~ s-~ 2~~g ~ ? ~ e -~i~.c-zl _c i-.2I ~~
? D V D ~. ' r D ~ er.~ _ _~ ~.~v~ ~ c_, ~ D r r~ 5 - _ _ _ ~ ~ jr c r - d 2~ I _r such a cev ce wr.-ch _-n ~e e2s _J use~ w- n e~s ir.-?ros.heses and suraical ecnriaues.
! SUMMARY O~ THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a device for centralizing and plugging a prosthetic femoral stem which has a proximal end and a distal end. The device includes a first member, preferably having a shape generally similar to the shape of the femoral stem, for temporary insertion within the natural femur.
The first member has means for assuring that the first member is inserted into the natural femur to a predetermined depth and means releasably and movably associated therewith for permanent insertion within the natural femur for aligning the distal end of the femoral stem at a desired position within the natural femur.
The first member preferably includes a bore therethrough.
The aligning means preferably includes a rod member for slidable insertion through the bore and a second member releasably connected to a distal end of the rod member for permanent insertion into the natural femur for aligning the dis~al end of the 'emoral s.em a; the desired ?osition. The second member -r.ciudes means -c- ?- ?c_n~ -ne -emG. a~ -a-al.
20l The assur-ng ~eans ~ay be a - an~e-~ike ?or.iGn cGn- gu~ed ¦ .o ~est on a cut surface of the natl~ral ~emur ~o iimit the depth ~o wr.ich ,ne ~irs. .mem~er can ~e inser.ed in~ ne -.z.u-21 emur.
3~I_~ 3--SC~I?~ION O~ TS- 3RAWINGS
The present inven.ion C2n be -nàe~stood ~etter Dy reference ;~e d-awings in wnich:
-IG. l _s ~ s de view of -he ?reCer-ed emboc men. G-- ~.e centrali7ing and plugging device of the present invention;
~ IG. 2 s a --on view of ~he device of ~IG. l;
FIG 3 is a rear v~ew of the device o~ FIG l;
FIG 4 is a view of an alternative embodiment of ~he centralizing device of the present invention;
FIG 5 is a view of the device of FIG. 4 in place in a prepared natural femur; and FIG 6 is a detailed view of the centralizer and plu~ of the devices shown in FIGS 1-5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The femoral stem distal centralizer and plug of the present invention are illustrated in FIGS 1-6 The device 10, shown in FIGS. 1-3, includes a first member, or trial, 12, a rod 14 and a second member, or centralizer 16 A plug 36 extends distally from the centralizer 16 I The trial 12, as shown in FIGS 1-3, is ?referably sha?ed generally like the prosthetic femoral stem (not shown) which ¦ will ultimately be plzced into the prepared na.ural Cemur ~s used herein, .he lerm "?re?ared natu-21 Cemur'' s~all mezn a -C "~_- wr.i^.- -~5 ~CGn -e~c-cc cnC -e2mcd -3 c-ce?- _ _-^5_'-.C- ` --e---zl _-em ~ e -c~ -e --cl -ecc c-d ~ 'J` _C ~
20l ave been rem~vec ~he devi_e 10 3~ .he ?rCsen~ i ven.ion can be used -o cenrrcl ze cnv sui.able known ?rcs.ne~ic .emo~zl s-cm nen -he ^zr2' :s ezmed o -~c C??'5?~-2-e size r.l_n5UCn ?-- c _ e _ 1~ a . ~ 2 ? ~ 5 c ~ .~10 w .. .. .. _ ~ , .. _ 5 c -- r: _ _ _ G !:i _ ., _, G
zrt will -ec~sn ze -h2- ,2rlz. Gns - _ne s~c?e ~c he dev ce '0 2~ c- -he ?-~s~he--c _c,.,o.cl s.em may be maQe wi--ou- se?2r~n~
c. om .he n_er.~ _r.d sc3?e __ --e ?resGn- n-:e- -c --~~
.cm?lel cs 5noW~ J~ ~ -ne - -c- ~c-~ r -- 2 ~c~ ~e -~
suitable shape capable o~ temporary insertion into the femoral canal to act as a guide for positioning the centralizer 16 and plug 36 Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the trial 12 includes a head portion 18, a neck 20, a flange-like member or collar 22 and a generally longitudinal bore 24 extending through the stem or body portion 26 of the trial 12.
Rod 14 slides through bore 24 of trial 12 Knob 28, preferably having a knurled surface, is positioned at the proximal end 30 of rod 14 Centralizer 16 is threadably engaged to the distal end 32 of rod 14 Plug 36, as shown in FIG 6, is preferably threadably connected to centralizer 16 However, any suitable means of connection will suffice Centralizer 16 is generally cup shaped or funnel shaped and includes a plurality (three are shown) of openings 34 on the sides of the cupped ?ortion The openings 34 in the funnel-shaped centralizer 16 allow cement to flow downward against .he ?lug 36 to 2ssure an even envelope ~lug 36 i~cludes u?Der and ower _;eYiule -'2r,ces r6 c-~ ~8 w~ -n c-e p~_?Or- -`ned ~o ;rrl5 0 ~he _ar2' Ce---a: -e- _6 -nd ? _g _~ --e -,2ce -- _ occ~Ja- _:e materials, ? e erab:y ?oiyme-;ey-~,e.,acry_a,e -. _l--a -molecul2r weisht ~o vethvlere use, ~ne cevice iO is Gssem~ied ~y s~ ~ ng -od l; :- ^
~o-e 2~ o -:2 : _e _ ~ 2 _ _ - o r _ ~ c G ?- ~ _ ~ -_~ r~
2~, threaaed or~to he cis-al end 32 Gf roa i~ r -~ne -.2~ 2i .emur is ?reparea, ~ae asser~lr=r ~evi-e ~o s :-ser~ed --~o --e ; -emor2i c2n21 ~e _e t-~' ,e! 16 c2,a ?~Cg 36 2!e ?ullea ac2ins. :ne cis~2i ? 38 o_ ~he ~ocv~
during nse. _n Collar 22 res~s on a surface of the osteotomized natural femur at the opening to the femoral canal to prevent the trial 12 ~rom entering too deeply within the canal. Collar 22 assures that trial 12 will be inserted within the natural femur to the correct depth. The correct depth may vary from patient to patient and would typically be determined in advance. Device 10 may come in a variety of sizes to accommodate different patients and different needs. Collar 22 also helps to assure that trial 12 is centralized in either the natural or valgus position whichever is preferred, within the natural femur.
Following insertion of trial 12 into the femoral canal, rod 14 is turned by means of knob 28 to unthread, and thereby release, centralizer 16 and plug 36. The trial 12 and rod 14 lare then removed from the femoral canal.
15 j 30ne cement can then be inserted into the femoral canal.
The bone cement is pressurized or compacted with any suitable known device to remove air pockets. ~.s discussed above, the openin~s 34 permit .;~e bone cemen~ .o flow .hroush and surrour.d ^he cGn~-cl zer 15. ~ _6 ?-even.s ~he cGme!.~ --om mcv na 20 C's_21''V. ~-e p-cs ne~:~ ~e~,^-21 s em s ~nen :~.s---ea -.-o -.e ..a.u-21 emor21 cc zl.
~ he cupped por.ion cf cen.-alizer '6 receives :he disl 21 er.a - he ~emo-21 s em -5 2ss -e ~n2t `~ :S i-.se-~ed 2- -hG
~esi ~d A e? .~ c~.~ _~.. 2_ _ c. :.~ e~o 2 , ~ _ 2,, ., 5 _ G S _ 2, acai?.st or.e side c. ^.e ~.he- o. -ne emo-21 c2.,2 . ~ he ~en.-al zer ~6 cr.c ? a 36 n ?~2ce 'hG -em5-2l S-Gm W~ 1 -' -es~
~ 2 cel~-.2' ?os~ n ~ he -Gr,~.0 2~ _an21 G~ e aesi-ed aep-n.
~ eferring to FIGS. 4 and 5, an alternative embodiment of the device 10 is shown. The first member 112 is not shaped like the prosthetic femoral stem, but, like the trial 12, acts as a guide for the rod 14 and second member, centralizer 16 and plug 36. A stop 40 is provided on rod 14 to control the depth of placement of centralizer 16 and plug 36 by controlling the depth to which rod 14 can be inserted Into the irst member 112.
.~
The present inven.ion C2n be -nàe~stood ~etter Dy reference ;~e d-awings in wnich:
-IG. l _s ~ s de view of -he ?reCer-ed emboc men. G-- ~.e centrali7ing and plugging device of the present invention;
~ IG. 2 s a --on view of ~he device of ~IG. l;
FIG 3 is a rear v~ew of the device o~ FIG l;
FIG 4 is a view of an alternative embodiment of ~he centralizing device of the present invention;
FIG 5 is a view of the device of FIG. 4 in place in a prepared natural femur; and FIG 6 is a detailed view of the centralizer and plu~ of the devices shown in FIGS 1-5.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The femoral stem distal centralizer and plug of the present invention are illustrated in FIGS 1-6 The device 10, shown in FIGS. 1-3, includes a first member, or trial, 12, a rod 14 and a second member, or centralizer 16 A plug 36 extends distally from the centralizer 16 I The trial 12, as shown in FIGS 1-3, is ?referably sha?ed generally like the prosthetic femoral stem (not shown) which ¦ will ultimately be plzced into the prepared na.ural Cemur ~s used herein, .he lerm "?re?ared natu-21 Cemur'' s~all mezn a -C "~_- wr.i^.- -~5 ~CGn -e~c-cc cnC -e2mcd -3 c-ce?- _ _-^5_'-.C- ` --e---zl _-em ~ e -c~ -e --cl -ecc c-d ~ 'J` _C ~
20l ave been rem~vec ~he devi_e 10 3~ .he ?rCsen~ i ven.ion can be used -o cenrrcl ze cnv sui.able known ?rcs.ne~ic .emo~zl s-cm nen -he ^zr2' :s ezmed o -~c C??'5?~-2-e size r.l_n5UCn ?-- c _ e _ 1~ a . ~ 2 ? ~ 5 c ~ .~10 w .. .. .. _ ~ , .. _ 5 c -- r: _ _ _ G !:i _ ., _, G
zrt will -ec~sn ze -h2- ,2rlz. Gns - _ne s~c?e ~c he dev ce '0 2~ c- -he ?-~s~he--c _c,.,o.cl s.em may be maQe wi--ou- se?2r~n~
c. om .he n_er.~ _r.d sc3?e __ --e ?resGn- n-:e- -c --~~
.cm?lel cs 5noW~ J~ ~ -ne - -c- ~c-~ r -- 2 ~c~ ~e -~
suitable shape capable o~ temporary insertion into the femoral canal to act as a guide for positioning the centralizer 16 and plug 36 Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the trial 12 includes a head portion 18, a neck 20, a flange-like member or collar 22 and a generally longitudinal bore 24 extending through the stem or body portion 26 of the trial 12.
Rod 14 slides through bore 24 of trial 12 Knob 28, preferably having a knurled surface, is positioned at the proximal end 30 of rod 14 Centralizer 16 is threadably engaged to the distal end 32 of rod 14 Plug 36, as shown in FIG 6, is preferably threadably connected to centralizer 16 However, any suitable means of connection will suffice Centralizer 16 is generally cup shaped or funnel shaped and includes a plurality (three are shown) of openings 34 on the sides of the cupped ?ortion The openings 34 in the funnel-shaped centralizer 16 allow cement to flow downward against .he ?lug 36 to 2ssure an even envelope ~lug 36 i~cludes u?Der and ower _;eYiule -'2r,ces r6 c-~ ~8 w~ -n c-e p~_?Or- -`ned ~o ;rrl5 0 ~he _ar2' Ce---a: -e- _6 -nd ? _g _~ --e -,2ce -- _ occ~Ja- _:e materials, ? e erab:y ?oiyme-;ey-~,e.,acry_a,e -. _l--a -molecul2r weisht ~o vethvlere use, ~ne cevice iO is Gssem~ied ~y s~ ~ ng -od l; :- ^
~o-e 2~ o -:2 : _e _ ~ 2 _ _ - o r _ ~ c G ?- ~ _ ~ -_~ r~
2~, threaaed or~to he cis-al end 32 Gf roa i~ r -~ne -.2~ 2i .emur is ?reparea, ~ae asser~lr=r ~evi-e ~o s :-ser~ed --~o --e ; -emor2i c2n21 ~e _e t-~' ,e! 16 c2,a ?~Cg 36 2!e ?ullea ac2ins. :ne cis~2i ? 38 o_ ~he ~ocv~
during nse. _n Collar 22 res~s on a surface of the osteotomized natural femur at the opening to the femoral canal to prevent the trial 12 ~rom entering too deeply within the canal. Collar 22 assures that trial 12 will be inserted within the natural femur to the correct depth. The correct depth may vary from patient to patient and would typically be determined in advance. Device 10 may come in a variety of sizes to accommodate different patients and different needs. Collar 22 also helps to assure that trial 12 is centralized in either the natural or valgus position whichever is preferred, within the natural femur.
Following insertion of trial 12 into the femoral canal, rod 14 is turned by means of knob 28 to unthread, and thereby release, centralizer 16 and plug 36. The trial 12 and rod 14 lare then removed from the femoral canal.
15 j 30ne cement can then be inserted into the femoral canal.
The bone cement is pressurized or compacted with any suitable known device to remove air pockets. ~.s discussed above, the openin~s 34 permit .;~e bone cemen~ .o flow .hroush and surrour.d ^he cGn~-cl zer 15. ~ _6 ?-even.s ~he cGme!.~ --om mcv na 20 C's_21''V. ~-e p-cs ne~:~ ~e~,^-21 s em s ~nen :~.s---ea -.-o -.e ..a.u-21 emor21 cc zl.
~ he cupped por.ion cf cen.-alizer '6 receives :he disl 21 er.a - he ~emo-21 s em -5 2ss -e ~n2t `~ :S i-.se-~ed 2- -hG
~esi ~d A e? .~ c~.~ _~.. 2_ _ c. :.~ e~o 2 , ~ _ 2,, ., 5 _ G S _ 2, acai?.st or.e side c. ^.e ~.he- o. -ne emo-21 c2.,2 . ~ he ~en.-al zer ~6 cr.c ? a 36 n ?~2ce 'hG -em5-2l S-Gm W~ 1 -' -es~
~ 2 cel~-.2' ?os~ n ~ he -Gr,~.0 2~ _an21 G~ e aesi-ed aep-n.
~ eferring to FIGS. 4 and 5, an alternative embodiment of the device 10 is shown. The first member 112 is not shaped like the prosthetic femoral stem, but, like the trial 12, acts as a guide for the rod 14 and second member, centralizer 16 and plug 36. A stop 40 is provided on rod 14 to control the depth of placement of centralizer 16 and plug 36 by controlling the depth to which rod 14 can be inserted Into the irst member 112.
.~
Claims (10)
1. A device for centralizing a prosthetic femoral stem within a prepared natural femur wherein said femoral stem has a proximal end and a distal end, said device comprising:
a first member for temporary insertion within said natural femur;
said first member having means for assuring that said first member is inserted into said natural femur to a predetermined depth; and means releasably and movably associated with said first member for permanent insertion within said natural femur for aligning said distal end of said femoral stem at a desired position within said natural femur.
a first member for temporary insertion within said natural femur;
said first member having means for assuring that said first member is inserted into said natural femur to a predetermined depth; and means releasably and movably associated with said first member for permanent insertion within said natural femur for aligning said distal end of said femoral stem at a desired position within said natural femur.
2. The device recited in claim 1 wherein said assuring means is a flange-like portion configured to rest on a cut surface of said natural femur to limit the depth to which said first member can be inserted into said natural femur.
3. The device recited in claim 1 wherein said first member has a bore therethrough for slidably receiving said aligning means.
4. The device recited in claim 3 wherein said aligning means comprises:
a rod member for slidable insertion through said bore, said rod member having a proximal end and distal end: and a second member releasably connected to said distal end of said rod member for permanent insertion into said natural femur for aligning said distal end of said femoral stem at said desired position.
a rod member for slidable insertion through said bore, said rod member having a proximal end and distal end: and a second member releasably connected to said distal end of said rod member for permanent insertion into said natural femur for aligning said distal end of said femoral stem at said desired position.
5. The device recited in claim 4 wherein said second member has a cupped portion for receiving said distal end of said femoral stem.
6. The device recited in claim 1 further comprising means for plugging the canal of the prepared natural femur.
7. The device recited in claim 1 further comprising means for controlling the depth to which said aligning means is inserted into the natural femur.
8. A device for centralizing a prosthetic femoral stem within a prepared natural femur wherein said prosthetic femoral stem has a proximal end and a distal end, said device comprising:
a first member having a shape generally similar to the shape of said prosthetic femoral stem;
said first member having a bore therethrough;
a rod member for slideable insertion through said bore, said rod member having a proximal end and a distal end; and a second member releasable connected to said distal end of said rod member for permanent insertion into said natural femur, said second member having a portion thereof structured for aligning said distal end of said prosthetic femoral stem at a desired position.
a first member having a shape generally similar to the shape of said prosthetic femoral stem;
said first member having a bore therethrough;
a rod member for slideable insertion through said bore, said rod member having a proximal end and a distal end; and a second member releasable connected to said distal end of said rod member for permanent insertion into said natural femur, said second member having a portion thereof structured for aligning said distal end of said prosthetic femoral stem at a desired position.
9. The device recited in claim 8 wherein said second member further comprises means for plugging the canal of the prepared natural femur.
10. The device recited in claim 8 further comprising means for assuring that said first member is inserted into said natural femur to a predetermined depth.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US301,939 | 1989-01-25 | ||
US07/301,939 US5078746A (en) | 1989-01-25 | 1989-01-25 | Femoral stem distal centralizer |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2008510A1 true CA2008510A1 (en) | 1990-07-25 |
Family
ID=23165554
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002008510A Abandoned CA2008510A1 (en) | 1989-01-25 | 1990-01-24 | Femoral stem distal centralizer |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5078746A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0379785A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH02289249A (en) |
AU (1) | AU628424B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2008510A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA898867B (en) |
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CH674797A5 (en) * | 1988-02-29 | 1990-07-31 | Sulzer Ag |
-
1989
- 1989-01-25 US US07/301,939 patent/US5078746A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-11-14 EP EP89311768A patent/EP0379785A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1989-11-21 ZA ZA898867A patent/ZA898867B/en unknown
- 1989-11-22 AU AU45415/89A patent/AU628424B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1990
- 1990-01-16 JP JP2006995A patent/JPH02289249A/en active Pending
- 1990-01-24 CA CA002008510A patent/CA2008510A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
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JPH02289249A (en) | 1990-11-29 |
AU628424B2 (en) | 1992-09-17 |
AU4541589A (en) | 1990-08-02 |
EP0379785A1 (en) | 1990-08-01 |
US5078746A (en) | 1992-01-07 |
ZA898867B (en) | 1990-09-26 |
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