CA2015799A1 - Fully internally manifolded fuel cell stack - Google Patents

Fully internally manifolded fuel cell stack

Info

Publication number
CA2015799A1
CA2015799A1 CA2015799A CA2015799A CA2015799A1 CA 2015799 A1 CA2015799 A1 CA 2015799A1 CA 2015799 A CA2015799 A CA 2015799A CA 2015799 A CA2015799 A CA 2015799A CA 2015799 A1 CA2015799 A1 CA 2015799A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
cell stack
fuel cell
face
separator
wet seal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA2015799A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2015799C (en
Inventor
Leonard G. Marianowski
Randy J. Petri
Mark G. Lawson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gas Technology Institute
Original Assignee
Institute of Gas Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/346,666 external-priority patent/US4963442A/en
Application filed by Institute of Gas Technology filed Critical Institute of Gas Technology
Publication of CA2015799A1 publication Critical patent/CA2015799A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2015799C publication Critical patent/CA2015799C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
    • H01M8/0254—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form corrugated or undulated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
    • H01M8/026—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant characterised by grooves, e.g. their pitch or depth
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/244—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes with matrix-supported molten electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/14—Fuel cells with fused electrolytes
    • H01M2008/147—Fuel cells with molten carbonates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0048—Molten electrolytes used at high temperature
    • H01M2300/0051—Carbonates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A fully internally manifolded fuel cell stack is provided by each separator plate and electrolyte in the fuel cell stack having a plurality of aligned perforations forming gas manifolds extending for the length of the cell stack. Each perforation through the separator plate is surrounded by a flattened manifold wet seal structure extending to contact the electrolytes on each face of the separator plate to form separator plate/electrolyte wet seals under cell operating conditions. Conduits through the extended manifold wet seal structure provides gas communication between one set of manifolds and the anode chambers on one face of the separator plates and conduits through the extended manifold wet seal structure on the opposite face of the separator plates provides gas communication between the other set of the manifolds and the cathode chambers on the other face of the separator plates.
Extended wet seal structures formed of thin plate metal provide limited flexibility and resiliency to assure good sealing. This structure provides fully internal manifolding of and separation of fuel and oxidant gases to each of the unit fuel cells in the fuel cell stack.
CA002015799A 1989-05-03 1990-05-01 Fully internally manifolded fuel cell stack Expired - Lifetime CA2015799C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US346,666 1982-02-08
US07/346,666 US4963442A (en) 1989-05-03 1989-05-03 Internal manifolded molten carbonate fuel cell stack
US07/505,293 US5045413A (en) 1989-05-03 1990-04-10 Fully internal mainfolded fuel cell stack
US505,293 1990-04-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2015799A1 true CA2015799A1 (en) 1990-11-03
CA2015799C CA2015799C (en) 1994-11-15

Family

ID=26994954

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002015799A Expired - Lifetime CA2015799C (en) 1989-05-03 1990-05-01 Fully internally manifolded fuel cell stack

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5045413A (en)
EP (1) EP0405088B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2573721B2 (en)
AU (1) AU620712B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2015799C (en)
DE (1) DE69014155T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0405088T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2063856T3 (en)
FI (1) FI902193A0 (en)

Families Citing this family (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5227256A (en) * 1989-05-03 1993-07-13 Institute Of Gas Technology Fully internal manifolded fuel cell stack
US5342706A (en) * 1989-05-03 1994-08-30 Institute Of Gas Technology Fully internal manifolded fuel cell stack
US5077148A (en) * 1989-05-03 1991-12-31 Institute Of Gas Technology Fully internal manifolded and internal reformed fuel cell stack
US5268241A (en) * 1992-02-20 1993-12-07 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. Multiple manifold fuel cell
US5269902A (en) * 1992-08-20 1993-12-14 Gas Research Institute, Inc. Ion-conducting module having axially-arranged solid state electrolyte elements
US5232792A (en) * 1992-08-21 1993-08-03 M-C Power Corporation Cell separator plate used in fuel cell stacks
US5298342A (en) * 1992-10-20 1994-03-29 M-C Power Corporation Fuel cell crossover arrestor and pressure seal
US5362578A (en) * 1992-12-08 1994-11-08 Institute Of Gas Technology Integrated main rail, feed rail, and current collector
US5376472A (en) * 1993-10-06 1994-12-27 Ceramatec, Inc. Semi-internally manifolded interconnect
US5424144A (en) * 1993-10-21 1995-06-13 M-C Power Corporation One piece separator plate with insert ring step design
US5480738A (en) * 1994-02-04 1996-01-02 Ceramatec, Inc. Fuel cell module
US5460897A (en) * 1994-03-18 1995-10-24 Allied Signal Inc. Solid oxide fuel cell stacking assembly
US5763114A (en) * 1994-09-01 1998-06-09 Gas Research Institute Integrated reformer/CPN SOFC stack module design
US5486430A (en) * 1994-09-01 1996-01-23 Ballard Power Systems Inc. Internal fluid manifold assembly for an electrochemical fuel cell stack array
DE19541187C1 (en) * 1995-08-19 1996-11-28 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Separator plate mfr. for molten carbonate fuel cell
DE19607947C1 (en) * 1995-11-09 1997-06-19 Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh Molten carbonate fuel cell
US5612149A (en) * 1996-01-02 1997-03-18 Ceramatec, Inc. Fuel cell column heat exchanger mated module
US6040076A (en) * 1998-03-03 2000-03-21 M-C Power Corporation One piece fuel cell separator plate
US6280869B1 (en) * 1999-07-29 2001-08-28 Nexant, Inc. Fuel cell stack system and operating method
US6939635B2 (en) * 2001-05-31 2005-09-06 Plug Power Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a combined heat and power fuel cell system
US20030044662A1 (en) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-06 Plug Power Inc. Method and apparatus for thermal management in a fuel cell system
US7026065B2 (en) * 2001-08-31 2006-04-11 Plug Power Inc. Fuel cell system heat recovery
DE10232871A1 (en) 2002-07-19 2004-02-05 Daimlerchrysler Ag Fuel cell with internal gas regulation has distributor structure for feed channels for reagents of anode and/or cathode divided into at least two fields, each with input and output ports for reagents
JP3799038B2 (en) * 2003-11-11 2006-07-19 ニッタ株式会社 Separator for polymer electrolyte fuel cell
JP4598514B2 (en) * 2004-12-28 2010-12-15 本田技研工業株式会社 Fuel cell and fuel cell stack
JP5216391B2 (en) * 2008-04-04 2013-06-19 株式会社日立製作所 Fuel cell separator
DE102009006925B4 (en) * 2009-02-02 2023-03-23 Sunfire Gmbh Interconnector arrangement for a fuel cell stack
US8663869B2 (en) * 2009-03-20 2014-03-04 Bloom Energy Corporation Crack free SOFC electrolyte
CN107534178B (en) 2015-05-13 2019-01-22 日产自动车株式会社 Fuel cell pack
DE102016125355A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 Audi Ag Separator plate, membrane-electrode assembly and fuel cell
GB201917650D0 (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-01-15 Ceres Ip Co Ltd Cell unit and cell stack

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60151972A (en) * 1984-01-19 1985-08-10 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Layer-built fuel cell
JPS62256381A (en) * 1986-04-30 1987-11-09 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Separator for fuel cell
JPS62264564A (en) * 1986-05-12 1987-11-17 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Stacked fuel cell
JPH084008B2 (en) * 1986-08-21 1996-01-17 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Separator for fuel cell
JPS63226776A (en) * 1987-03-16 1988-09-21 Shimadzu Corp Reproducing method for image recorder
JP2569540B2 (en) * 1987-03-30 1997-01-08 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Separator for fuel cell
JPS63266776A (en) * 1987-04-23 1988-11-02 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Separator for fuel cell
JPS6471071A (en) * 1987-09-10 1989-03-16 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Separator for fuel cell
JPS6484578A (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-03-29 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Fuel cell
JPH0626127B2 (en) * 1987-10-01 1994-04-06 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Method for manufacturing fuel cell separator
JPH0624125B2 (en) * 1987-11-04 1994-03-30 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Fuel cell
JPH01211863A (en) * 1988-02-19 1989-08-25 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Separator for fuel cell

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5045413A (en) 1991-09-03
DE69014155T2 (en) 1995-05-18
CA2015799C (en) 1994-11-15
JPH0374057A (en) 1991-03-28
AU5463890A (en) 1990-11-08
EP0405088B1 (en) 1994-11-17
FI902193A0 (en) 1990-05-02
DK0405088T3 (en) 1995-01-16
DE69014155D1 (en) 1994-12-22
ES2063856T3 (en) 1995-01-16
AU620712B2 (en) 1992-02-20
JP2573721B2 (en) 1997-01-22
EP0405088A1 (en) 1991-01-02

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request
MKLA Lapsed
MKEC Expiry (correction)

Effective date: 20121202