CA2036605A1 - Carrier stability erasure filling system for communications over electricity distribution network - Google Patents
Carrier stability erasure filling system for communications over electricity distribution networkInfo
- Publication number
- CA2036605A1 CA2036605A1 CA2036605A CA2036605A CA2036605A1 CA 2036605 A1 CA2036605 A1 CA 2036605A1 CA 2036605 A CA2036605 A CA 2036605A CA 2036605 A CA2036605 A CA 2036605A CA 2036605 A1 CA2036605 A1 CA 2036605A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- bit
- values
- suspect
- ordered
- carrier
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
- H02J13/00009—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission using pulsed signals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
- H02J13/0001—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission using modification of a parameter of the network power signal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
- Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
- Detection And Prevention Of Errors In Transmission (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
A communication system uses the current waveform of an electricity distribution network as a carrier, the signal being present as current pulses around four predetermined zero crossings. The current waveform is sampled around the voltage zero crossings to obtain a time-ordered set of waveform values.
The ordered waveform values for each bit are examined to determine if the values fall within preset criteria indicative of a stable carrier. When the ordered waveform values for a particular bit all fall within the preset criteria, that particular bit is identified as a good bit. When at least some of the ordered waveform values for a particular bit fall outside the preset criteria, that particular bit is labelled as suspect.
The ordered values of each suspect bit and of adjacent bits are tested to determine whether four successive values meet the preset stability criteria, and whether the four successive values indicating a stable carrier include at least two successive values from the suspect bit. If the carrier stability test is passed, the binary value of the suspect bit is based upon the successive carrier stability indicating values from the suspect bit. Otherwise the suspect bit is labelled as uncorrectable.
The ordered waveform values for each bit are examined to determine if the values fall within preset criteria indicative of a stable carrier. When the ordered waveform values for a particular bit all fall within the preset criteria, that particular bit is identified as a good bit. When at least some of the ordered waveform values for a particular bit fall outside the preset criteria, that particular bit is labelled as suspect.
The ordered values of each suspect bit and of adjacent bits are tested to determine whether four successive values meet the preset stability criteria, and whether the four successive values indicating a stable carrier include at least two successive values from the suspect bit. If the carrier stability test is passed, the binary value of the suspect bit is based upon the successive carrier stability indicating values from the suspect bit. Otherwise the suspect bit is labelled as uncorrectable.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US481,247 | 1990-02-20 | ||
US07/481,247 US4996513A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1990-02-20 | Carrier stability erasure filling system for communications over electricity distribution network |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2036605A1 true CA2036605A1 (en) | 1991-08-21 |
CA2036605C CA2036605C (en) | 2001-01-09 |
Family
ID=23911216
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002036605A Expired - Lifetime CA2036605C (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1991-02-19 | Carrier stability erasure filling system for communications over electricity distribution network |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4996513A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9100672A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2036605C (en) |
ES (1) | ES2025501A6 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2658677B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX167247B (en) |
Families Citing this family (69)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5198796A (en) * | 1991-06-27 | 1993-03-30 | Distribution Control Systems, Inc. | Outbound signal detector system and method |
US5262755A (en) * | 1991-12-17 | 1993-11-16 | Distribution Control Systems, Inc. | Inbound communications using electricity distribution network |
US5696441A (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1997-12-09 | Distribution Control Systems, Inc. | Linear alternating current interface for electronic meters |
US5818821A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1998-10-06 | Intelogis, Inc. | Universal lan power line carrier repeater system and method |
US5614811A (en) * | 1995-09-26 | 1997-03-25 | Dyalem Concepts, Inc. | Power line control system |
US5933072A (en) * | 1997-11-07 | 1999-08-03 | Distribution Control Systems, Inc. | Current level control for TWACS inbound communications |
US6734784B1 (en) * | 2000-09-06 | 2004-05-11 | Marshall E. Lester | Zero crossing based powerline pulse position modulated communication system |
US6940396B2 (en) | 2003-05-06 | 2005-09-06 | Distribution Control Systems, Inc. | Concurrent phase communication in TWACS |
US7265654B1 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2007-09-04 | Powerline Control Systems, Inc. | Powerline pulse position modulated transmitter apparatus and method |
US7555365B2 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2009-06-30 | Minesh Bhakta | Power monitoring and control system and method |
US8095243B2 (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2012-01-10 | Minesh Bhakta | Power monitoring and control system and method |
US7843145B2 (en) * | 2006-01-13 | 2010-11-30 | Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. | System and method for power line carrier communication using high frequency tone bursts |
US8294556B2 (en) | 2007-04-17 | 2012-10-23 | Powerline Control Systems, Inc. | Powerline control system and method |
US8239066B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2012-08-07 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8452456B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-05-28 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8977794B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2015-03-10 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US20100106312A1 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-04-29 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8725298B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-05-13 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and conditioning network |
US8442693B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2013-05-14 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8694164B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-04-08 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Interactive user guidance interface for a heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US9678486B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2017-06-13 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Device abstraction system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US9261888B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2016-02-16 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8437877B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-05-07 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System recovery in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8543243B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-09-24 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9632490B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2017-04-25 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method for zoning a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8295981B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2012-10-23 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Device commissioning in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8762666B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-06-24 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Backup and restoration of operation control data in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US20100106326A1 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-04-29 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8463442B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-06-11 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9268345B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2016-02-23 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8564400B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-10-22 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8661165B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-02-25 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Device abstraction system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US8788100B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2014-07-22 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method for zoning a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8255086B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2012-08-28 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System recovery in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9432208B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2016-08-30 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Device abstraction system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US20100106957A1 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-04-29 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Programming and configuration in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8352080B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2013-01-08 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8774210B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2014-07-08 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8798796B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-08-05 | Lennox Industries Inc. | General control techniques in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US20100107072A1 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-04-29 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8352081B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2013-01-08 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8433446B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-04-30 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8802981B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-08-12 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Flush wall mount thermostat and in-set mounting plate for a heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US8655491B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-02-18 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US20100106810A1 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2010-04-29 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8874815B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-10-28 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8744629B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-06-03 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9651925B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2017-05-16 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method for zoning a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9325517B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2016-04-26 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Device abstraction system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US8994539B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2015-03-31 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9152155B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2015-10-06 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Device abstraction system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US8560125B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-10-15 | Lennox Industries | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8463443B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-06-11 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Memory recovery scheme and data structure in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8855825B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2014-10-07 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Device abstraction system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning system |
US8655490B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-02-18 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8600559B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-12-03 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Method of controlling equipment in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8600558B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-12-03 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System recovery in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US9377768B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2016-06-28 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Memory recovery scheme and data structure in a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8437878B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-05-07 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8452906B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2013-05-28 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8615326B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2013-12-24 | Lennox Industries Inc. | System and method of use for a user interface dashboard of a heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8892797B2 (en) * | 2008-10-27 | 2014-11-18 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Communication protocol system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
US8548630B2 (en) | 2008-10-27 | 2013-10-01 | Lennox Industries, Inc. | Alarm and diagnostics system and method for a distributed-architecture heating, ventilation and air conditioning network |
USD648642S1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2011-11-15 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Thin cover plate for an electronic system controller |
USD648641S1 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2011-11-15 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Thin cover plate for an electronic system controller |
US8260444B2 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2012-09-04 | Lennox Industries Inc. | Auxiliary controller of a HVAC system |
CA2807001C (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2017-08-15 | Aclara Power-Line Systems Inc. | Digital two way automatic communication system (twacs) outbound receiver and method |
US9461700B2 (en) | 2010-12-02 | 2016-10-04 | Aclara Technologies Llc | Mains-synchronous power-line communications system and method |
US9294147B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 | 2016-03-22 | Aclara Technologies Llc | TWACS transmitter and receiver |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AU504427B2 (en) * | 1976-01-16 | 1979-10-11 | Arthur D. Little, Inc. | Communications over electric powerlines |
JPS56149130A (en) * | 1980-04-18 | 1981-11-18 | Radio Res Lab | Code error noise suppression system by differential signal processing |
US4914418A (en) * | 1989-01-03 | 1990-04-03 | Emerson Electric Co. | Outbound detector system and method |
US4963853A (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1990-10-16 | Emerson Electric Co. | Simultaneous inbound multi-channel communication system using electricity distribution network |
-
1990
- 1990-02-20 US US07/481,247 patent/US4996513A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1991
- 1991-02-19 CA CA002036605A patent/CA2036605C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-19 ES ES9100425A patent/ES2025501A6/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-02-20 MX MX024622A patent/MX167247B/en unknown
- 1991-02-20 BR BR919100672A patent/BR9100672A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-20 FR FR919102044A patent/FR2658677B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2036605C (en) | 2001-01-09 |
FR2658677A1 (en) | 1991-08-23 |
US4996513A (en) | 1991-02-26 |
BR9100672A (en) | 1991-10-29 |
FR2658677B1 (en) | 1992-11-13 |
MX167247B (en) | 1993-03-11 |
ES2025501A6 (en) | 1992-03-16 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKLA | Lapsed | ||
MKEC | Expiry (correction) |
Effective date: 20121202 |