CA2075141C - Anvil for surgical staplers - Google Patents
Anvil for surgical staplersInfo
- Publication number
- CA2075141C CA2075141C CA002075141A CA2075141A CA2075141C CA 2075141 C CA2075141 C CA 2075141C CA 002075141 A CA002075141 A CA 002075141A CA 2075141 A CA2075141 A CA 2075141A CA 2075141 C CA2075141 C CA 2075141C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- anvil
- anvil member
- fasteners
- wall
- fastener
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
- A61B17/072—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
- A61B17/07207—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously the staples being applied sequentially
Abstract
An anvil for use in surgical fastener applying apparatus includes an indentation extending lengthwise along at least one of the side walls to provideincreased resistance to bending and to permit the application of longer rows of fasteners. An added feature is the deflection preventing member which projects laterally from the side of the anvil and which engages and abuts a correspondingnotch in the apparatus for preventing flexure of the anvil when the fastener is closed onto body tissue.
Description
~03-5g2 (1243) 207a~41 A~IL !FOR SU~R&ICAL STAPLElRS
BACKGROllND OF THE l~TENTION
1. Field of the In~ention The present invention r lates to surgical instruments ~or applying rows of fasteners to body tissue, and more particularly to anvil members employed in such instruments.
15 2. Back~round of the Art Surgical fastener applying instruments used ~or applying parallel rows of fasteners to body tissue are well known in the art and are commonly used for tr~n~ectin~ or reconnecting body tissue such as inte5tin~1, gastric, or lung tissue. The 20 fasteners can be in the form of staples which are closed by crimping the staple legs, or two part fasteners which are closed by locking together a fastener portion with a retainer portion.
Surgical staple applying instruments are illustrated and described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,633,861; 4,663,874; 4,863,088; 3,079,606;
3,490,675; 3,499,59l; and 4,42g,695. Generally, such staplers include a forked distal entl. The body tissue to be operated upon is held securely between two forks of the instrurnent and the staples are sequentially applied to the tissue.
3~
BACKGROllND OF THE l~TENTION
1. Field of the In~ention The present invention r lates to surgical instruments ~or applying rows of fasteners to body tissue, and more particularly to anvil members employed in such instruments.
15 2. Back~round of the Art Surgical fastener applying instruments used ~or applying parallel rows of fasteners to body tissue are well known in the art and are commonly used for tr~n~ectin~ or reconnecting body tissue such as inte5tin~1, gastric, or lung tissue. The 20 fasteners can be in the form of staples which are closed by crimping the staple legs, or two part fasteners which are closed by locking together a fastener portion with a retainer portion.
Surgical staple applying instruments are illustrated and described, for example, in U.S. Patent Nos. 4,633,861; 4,663,874; 4,863,088; 3,079,606;
3,490,675; 3,499,59l; and 4,42g,695. Generally, such staplers include a forked distal entl. The body tissue to be operated upon is held securely between two forks of the instrurnent and the staples are sequentially applied to the tissue.
3~
2 ~ 4 ~
One fork comprises staple holding and pushing means. Usually, at least hvo parallel rows of staples are held in slots oriented transversely to the longitll-lin~l axiS of the instrument. Pusher PlçmPntg are located behind the s~aples.
5 When a C~mming bar is rnoved longitll~in~lly by a drive member ~e pusher PlPmPntc are driven through the slots, thereby pushing the staples out into the body tissue. The other fork comprises an anvil, i.e., staple closing means. The legs of ~he staple penetrate the body tissue and enter staple closing depressions in the anvil where they 10 are crimre~
The surgical fasteners must be properly closed to insure that the body tissue is securely f~tene~l, otherwise bleeding or other complications can occur from poor hPmost~ of the fastened tissue. Proper closure of the fasteners requires precise ~lignment of the two forks of the instrument so that the fasteners are precisely aligned with the closing means. However, bending or deflection of the anvil can occur when the two forks are clamped together with body tissue in between, and this bending can cause mi~li~nment of the staples and the staple closing depressions.Deflection can also occur as a result of vertical forces applied to the anvil during 20 contact by the fasteners. More deflection occurs at the distal end of the anvil. The longer the anvil the greater is the tendency to bend. Hence, one way of dealing with bending is to limit the length of the anvil. But in many applications it is desirable to use a longer anvil, which would be able to lay down longer rows of staples.
Another way of reducing bending is to make the anvil stronger. Anvils are presently fabricated by cold working sheet stainless steel of about 0.05 inches to about 0.075 inches in thicknP~ into the desired shape. Stronger anvils casl be made by increasing the thir1~nPss of the steel. However, this presents disadvantages insofar as the weight and cost of the anvil, as well as the difficulty of working thicker steel, are increased. Using an alternative, harder material of construction can increase the 2 ~ 7 ~
rigidity of the anvil, but possibly at tbe expense of sacrificing desirable properties of the stainless steel. Thereforeg the need exists to fabricate an anvil which is stronger and more resistant to bending while avoiding the disadvantages jLlSt mentioned.
SIJM~ARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an anvil member for use in apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical ~steners to body tissue, which comprises: an elongated member including at least one each of lengthwise extending first and second walls generally defining mutually ll~ns~/e-~e respective planes and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of the first wall including means for closing the surgical -fasteners, and the second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue, which comprises:
~ astener holder means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows;
means responsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus ~or driving the fasteners from the fastener holder means into a fastener closing surface of an elongated anvil member;
the anvil member having at least one each of first and second wal]s generally defining mutually ~ s~/else respective planes intersecting each other at a corner ridge and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of the first wall including the fastener closing surface, and the 207al41 second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
In a still further embodiment, there is provided an ill~p~ovel-lent in an apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue which includes fastener holding means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows; and means responsive to user applied force and -movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus fs~r driving the fasteners from the fastener holding means into a fastener closing surface of an elongated anvil member, wherein the ilnl,lovelllent colllplises means associated with the anvil for prc;v~ lg bending of the anvll.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an improvement in an appal~lus for applying a plurality of surgieal fasteners to body tissue which includes fastener holding means at a distal end portion of the apparatus for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows, and means ~ sporl~ive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus between a proxirnal and middle portion of the apparatus for driving the fasteners from the fastener holding means into a fastener closing surface of an anvil meînber, in which the illlplovel~lent which CUIll~liscs:
means associated with the anvil for increasing clamping forces on the tissue.
In a ~lererled embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anvil member for use in apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue. The appal.llu~ includes fastener holder means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows, and means rcspoilsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus ~r driving the fasteners 2~751~1 from the fastener holder means into a fastener closing surface oE the elongated anvil member. The rows of fasteners are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the apparatus and the fasteners are sequentially driven from the fastener holder in a direction lla~ e to the longitudinal a~s of the apparatus by a longitudinally moving cam bar.
The anvil is an elongated member including at least one each of lengthwise extending first and second walls generally defining mutually transverse respective planes and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of the first wall including means for closing the surgical fasteners, and the second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
A complementary feature to prevent flexing of the anvil when the apparatus is closed onto body tissue includes a deflection plev~ g member projecting laterally from the proximal portion of the anvil.
~1~751~1 BRIEF DESCR~ION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an P~plo~e~ pela~li~e view of the fasteners applying 5 apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevational view of a portion of the cartridge assembly.
Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the anvil tip.
Fig. 4 is a persp~tive view of the anvil member of the present 1 o invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the anvil member illustrating the deflection preventing member.
DETAILED DESCl~IPIION 0~ PREFERRED EM[BODD~IENT(S) A surgical stapler employing the anvil of the present invention is generally of similar construction to the surgical stapler disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,014,899, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Referring to Pig. 1, the surgical stapling apparatus 100 of the present invention comprises a first frame l lO including c~rtridge support 114 which has a distal projection 111 for holding a cartridge assembly, a finger rest 151, a stationary handle 152, locking bar 153, a side plate 112, and a no~ch 113 in the side plate 112.
25 A cylindrical crosspiece llS extends laterally across first frame in p~ lily to the proximal end of the apparatus. A second frame 120 has a pair of hinge plates 121 for hingedly connecting to the first frame 110, a pivotable handle 150, a finger rest 151, and a distal projection 122 comprising an anvil assembly 200. Hinge plates 121 apply 30 leverage force to lc>cking bar 153 to secure the frames 110 and 120 together for assembly. The anvil assembly 200 is formed of a plate with in~lent~tions or depressions 230 as shown more clearly in Fig. 4, for crirnping the legs of metalstaples. Alternatively, the anvil assembly may include means for holding rows ofretainer portions of tw~part surgical fasteners to f~eilit~t~- mutual engagement of the 5 fastener and retainer portions of the two-part fasteners. Tip 124 allows distal projection 122 to be rnore easily positioned in body tissue. The resilient deflectable arrn 125 is preferably attached to tip 124. Deflectable ann 125 may be formed integral with the tip 124, or it may be in the fonn of a separate ~tt~ n~ent, The apparatus 100 and its lon~iturlin~lly eYtPn~ling parts may be conceptually divided along their length into three portions: a distal portion 160 which extends distally beyond the handle member 150 and 152, a middle portion 161 in the vicinity of hinge plates 121 and locking bar 153 where the leverage forces are applied during assembly of the apparatus, and a proximal portion 162 generally proximal to the finger TeStS 151.
Actuating assembly 130 ~or driving the surgical fasteners is a replaceable insert which includes a pusher assembly having a thrust knob 131, cam bars 132, and knife blade 133. The artll~tin~ assembly or insert 130 further includes ZO a stationary carrier 134 for holding cartridge assembly 135. Tip 137 at the distal end of the cartridge assembly ~ tes positioning body tissue for f~ctenin~. Referringalso to Fig. 2, eartridge assembly 135 includes pusher members 136 ~or pushing surgical fasteners out from their respective slots and into contact with the anvil for 25 closure. Cam bars 132 and knife 133 are mounted at their proximal ends to cam bar retainer 138, which is connected to the thrust knob 131 and which provides a means for ~ransferring manually applied force from the thrust knob 131 to ~he cam bars 132.
In operation the inser~ 130 is loaded into the first frame 110, and the 30 instrument is then assembled such that the body tissue to be operated upon is located between the cartridge assembly 135 and the anvil 200. The knife 133 is positioned 2a7~
such that it can simultaneously move along slot 240 (see Fig. 4) in the anvil 200 and slot 141 (Pig. 1) in the cartridge assembly. Th instrument is then fired by the surgeon's pressing forward (i.e., distally) on the thrust knob 131.
Referring again to Fig. 2, the cam bars 132 and h~ife 133 are then moved distally and lr)ngitu-lin~lly along the instrurnent in the direction infiic~tP~ by arrow A. The knife 133 creates an incision in the body tissue (not shown) by means of its distal cutting edge 133a, and the cam bars 132 drive the fastener pushers 136 in 10 a direction in(li(~t~d by alrow B, which is t,dns~ ~ to that of the lon~itu~lin~l axis of the instrument. The pushers 136, in turn, drive the fasteners 140 out of their slots 139 and into the depressions 230 in the anvil plate for crimping, thereby f~ctPning the tissue on both sides of the incision. When the operation is completed the used replaceable insert 130 can be disposed, and a new one installed in the apparatus.
Fig. 3 illustrates the anvil tip 124 having prongs 124a and detents 124b on the outer sides of the prongs. The detents 124b are for eng~ging side slots 250 (See Fig. 4) in the anvil 200.
Referring to Fig. 4, anvil 200 is preferably fabricated from 305 20 stainless steel sheet of from about 0.068 to about 0.072 inches in thickness. Wall 265 defines a planar tissue contacting surface and contains fastener closing me~ns which can be staple closing depressions 230, as shown, or means ~or releasably holding the retainer portions of two-part surgical fasteners. Walls 2~4 are side wa~ls which25 intersect with wall 265 to define ridges 266 (See Pig. 5), and which define planes transverse to the plane of wall 265. The anvil 200 includes a loneit~-~iin~l in~iPnt~tion 260 eY~Pnrling along at least one, and preferably both, of the sides 264 adjacent to the tissue cl ntarting surface 265 containine the staple closing depressions 230. The ind~nt~tion 260 increases the strength of the anvil to reduce deflection during clamping of the body tissue between the anvil jaw and the staple jaw and during firing 20~3~1 of the fasteners. The indentation 260 is illustratively centered on each side wall 264.
By way of example, the anvil 200 can have a length L-l of from about 10.30 to about 10.50 inches, a hçight H-l of about 0.35 to about 0.36 inches, and a 5 width W-l of from about 3.5 to about 3.6 inches. The elongated indPnt~ )n 260 can have a length L-3 of preferably from 85% to 90% of the length L-l of the anvil, i.e., from about 9.1 to 9.2 inches. Alternatively, the in/lPnt~tir~n can extend thç entire length of the anvil. The depth D (Fig. S) of the inrlpnt~tinn 260 is preferably from 10 about 0.020 inches to about 0.030 inches. The height H-2 is preferably ~rom about 0.085 to 0.09 about inches. The length L-2 of the rows of staple forrning depressions can be up to about from 3.0 to 3.5 inches. These flimt-n.~ion~ are illustrative and represent the size of but one embodiment of the present invention. Anvils of other ~limen~ ns are within the scope of the present invention.
The proximal end 270 of the anvil includes upright portions 271 inl~lu-ling notch 272 ~or receiving crosspiece 115 in the first frame 110 to f~cilit~te properly aligned engagement of the first and second ~rames when assembled.
The anvil 200 of the present invention further includes a deflection 20 preventing member 280 located in the proximal portion 162 of the anvil. Deflection preventing member 280 has an upper abutment surface 281 and projects laterally beyond the side of the anvil. In one embodiment, the member 280 can extend a distance W-2 of about 0.065 inches to about û.075 inches. The abutment surface 281 25 optionally can be flush with the tissue contacting surface 265. A notch 282 is located next to the deflection preventing member 280.
Referring to Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the cartridgç support 114 includes an uprcused side plate 112 having a notch 113 for coope~atively en~ging the de~lection 30 preventing member 280. When the apparatus is assembled for use, the abutment surface 281 abuts the bottom of notch 113 thereby preventing flexing of the anvil 200.
2 ~
The deflection preventing member is illustratively located about 3.5 inches from the proximal end 270 of the anvil, which is about midway between the middle portion 161 of the anvil and the proximal end 270.
When the instrument is closed by assembling the frames 120 and 110, and pivoting handle 150 down to secure the hinge plates 121 to the locking bar 1~3, the ~efl~ctin~ rnember 280 contacts the bottom edge of notch 113 and acts as a stop.
This preven~s bending of the proximal portion of the anvil 280, and thereby allowing 10 a greater rl~mpin~ force to be exerted at the distal end. ~tliffon~lly, by fllnctionin~e as a stop in the proximal portion of the anvil, the cl~mpin~ leverage forces developed by the hinge plates and locking bar 153 are to a greater degree directed to the distal portion of the apparatus where the tissue is clamped, because the proximal portion of the anvil is prevented from flexing. Thus, the present invention encompasses both means for preventing bending of the anvil and for increasing clamping forces on the tissue.
While the above description contains many spe~ifics, these specifics should not be construed as limitations of the scope of the invention, but merely as 20 exemplifi~tion~ of preferred embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envision many other possible variations that are within the s ope and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
One fork comprises staple holding and pushing means. Usually, at least hvo parallel rows of staples are held in slots oriented transversely to the longitll-lin~l axiS of the instrument. Pusher PlçmPntg are located behind the s~aples.
5 When a C~mming bar is rnoved longitll~in~lly by a drive member ~e pusher PlPmPntc are driven through the slots, thereby pushing the staples out into the body tissue. The other fork comprises an anvil, i.e., staple closing means. The legs of ~he staple penetrate the body tissue and enter staple closing depressions in the anvil where they 10 are crimre~
The surgical fasteners must be properly closed to insure that the body tissue is securely f~tene~l, otherwise bleeding or other complications can occur from poor hPmost~ of the fastened tissue. Proper closure of the fasteners requires precise ~lignment of the two forks of the instrument so that the fasteners are precisely aligned with the closing means. However, bending or deflection of the anvil can occur when the two forks are clamped together with body tissue in between, and this bending can cause mi~li~nment of the staples and the staple closing depressions.Deflection can also occur as a result of vertical forces applied to the anvil during 20 contact by the fasteners. More deflection occurs at the distal end of the anvil. The longer the anvil the greater is the tendency to bend. Hence, one way of dealing with bending is to limit the length of the anvil. But in many applications it is desirable to use a longer anvil, which would be able to lay down longer rows of staples.
Another way of reducing bending is to make the anvil stronger. Anvils are presently fabricated by cold working sheet stainless steel of about 0.05 inches to about 0.075 inches in thicknP~ into the desired shape. Stronger anvils casl be made by increasing the thir1~nPss of the steel. However, this presents disadvantages insofar as the weight and cost of the anvil, as well as the difficulty of working thicker steel, are increased. Using an alternative, harder material of construction can increase the 2 ~ 7 ~
rigidity of the anvil, but possibly at tbe expense of sacrificing desirable properties of the stainless steel. Thereforeg the need exists to fabricate an anvil which is stronger and more resistant to bending while avoiding the disadvantages jLlSt mentioned.
SIJM~ARY OF THE INVENTION
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an anvil member for use in apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical ~steners to body tissue, which comprises: an elongated member including at least one each of lengthwise extending first and second walls generally defining mutually ll~ns~/e-~e respective planes and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of the first wall including means for closing the surgical -fasteners, and the second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue, which comprises:
~ astener holder means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows;
means responsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus ~or driving the fasteners from the fastener holder means into a fastener closing surface of an elongated anvil member;
the anvil member having at least one each of first and second wal]s generally defining mutually ~ s~/else respective planes intersecting each other at a corner ridge and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of the first wall including the fastener closing surface, and the 207al41 second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
In a still further embodiment, there is provided an ill~p~ovel-lent in an apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue which includes fastener holding means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows; and means responsive to user applied force and -movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus fs~r driving the fasteners from the fastener holding means into a fastener closing surface of an elongated anvil member, wherein the ilnl,lovelllent colllplises means associated with the anvil for prc;v~ lg bending of the anvll.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an improvement in an appal~lus for applying a plurality of surgieal fasteners to body tissue which includes fastener holding means at a distal end portion of the apparatus for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows, and means ~ sporl~ive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus between a proxirnal and middle portion of the apparatus for driving the fasteners from the fastener holding means into a fastener closing surface of an anvil meînber, in which the illlplovel~lent which CUIll~liscs:
means associated with the anvil for increasing clamping forces on the tissue.
In a ~lererled embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an anvil member for use in apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue. The appal.llu~ includes fastener holder means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows, and means rcspoilsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus ~r driving the fasteners 2~751~1 from the fastener holder means into a fastener closing surface oE the elongated anvil member. The rows of fasteners are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the apparatus and the fasteners are sequentially driven from the fastener holder in a direction lla~ e to the longitudinal a~s of the apparatus by a longitudinally moving cam bar.
The anvil is an elongated member including at least one each of lengthwise extending first and second walls generally defining mutually transverse respective planes and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of the first wall including means for closing the surgical fasteners, and the second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
A complementary feature to prevent flexing of the anvil when the apparatus is closed onto body tissue includes a deflection plev~ g member projecting laterally from the proximal portion of the anvil.
~1~751~1 BRIEF DESCR~ION OF THE DRAWINGS
Fig. 1 is an P~plo~e~ pela~li~e view of the fasteners applying 5 apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an elevational view of a portion of the cartridge assembly.
Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the anvil tip.
Fig. 4 is a persp~tive view of the anvil member of the present 1 o invention.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view of the anvil member illustrating the deflection preventing member.
DETAILED DESCl~IPIION 0~ PREFERRED EM[BODD~IENT(S) A surgical stapler employing the anvil of the present invention is generally of similar construction to the surgical stapler disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,014,899, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Referring to Pig. 1, the surgical stapling apparatus 100 of the present invention comprises a first frame l lO including c~rtridge support 114 which has a distal projection 111 for holding a cartridge assembly, a finger rest 151, a stationary handle 152, locking bar 153, a side plate 112, and a no~ch 113 in the side plate 112.
25 A cylindrical crosspiece llS extends laterally across first frame in p~ lily to the proximal end of the apparatus. A second frame 120 has a pair of hinge plates 121 for hingedly connecting to the first frame 110, a pivotable handle 150, a finger rest 151, and a distal projection 122 comprising an anvil assembly 200. Hinge plates 121 apply 30 leverage force to lc>cking bar 153 to secure the frames 110 and 120 together for assembly. The anvil assembly 200 is formed of a plate with in~lent~tions or depressions 230 as shown more clearly in Fig. 4, for crirnping the legs of metalstaples. Alternatively, the anvil assembly may include means for holding rows ofretainer portions of tw~part surgical fasteners to f~eilit~t~- mutual engagement of the 5 fastener and retainer portions of the two-part fasteners. Tip 124 allows distal projection 122 to be rnore easily positioned in body tissue. The resilient deflectable arrn 125 is preferably attached to tip 124. Deflectable ann 125 may be formed integral with the tip 124, or it may be in the fonn of a separate ~tt~ n~ent, The apparatus 100 and its lon~iturlin~lly eYtPn~ling parts may be conceptually divided along their length into three portions: a distal portion 160 which extends distally beyond the handle member 150 and 152, a middle portion 161 in the vicinity of hinge plates 121 and locking bar 153 where the leverage forces are applied during assembly of the apparatus, and a proximal portion 162 generally proximal to the finger TeStS 151.
Actuating assembly 130 ~or driving the surgical fasteners is a replaceable insert which includes a pusher assembly having a thrust knob 131, cam bars 132, and knife blade 133. The artll~tin~ assembly or insert 130 further includes ZO a stationary carrier 134 for holding cartridge assembly 135. Tip 137 at the distal end of the cartridge assembly ~ tes positioning body tissue for f~ctenin~. Referringalso to Fig. 2, eartridge assembly 135 includes pusher members 136 ~or pushing surgical fasteners out from their respective slots and into contact with the anvil for 25 closure. Cam bars 132 and knife 133 are mounted at their proximal ends to cam bar retainer 138, which is connected to the thrust knob 131 and which provides a means for ~ransferring manually applied force from the thrust knob 131 to ~he cam bars 132.
In operation the inser~ 130 is loaded into the first frame 110, and the 30 instrument is then assembled such that the body tissue to be operated upon is located between the cartridge assembly 135 and the anvil 200. The knife 133 is positioned 2a7~
such that it can simultaneously move along slot 240 (see Fig. 4) in the anvil 200 and slot 141 (Pig. 1) in the cartridge assembly. Th instrument is then fired by the surgeon's pressing forward (i.e., distally) on the thrust knob 131.
Referring again to Fig. 2, the cam bars 132 and h~ife 133 are then moved distally and lr)ngitu-lin~lly along the instrurnent in the direction infiic~tP~ by arrow A. The knife 133 creates an incision in the body tissue (not shown) by means of its distal cutting edge 133a, and the cam bars 132 drive the fastener pushers 136 in 10 a direction in(li(~t~d by alrow B, which is t,dns~ ~ to that of the lon~itu~lin~l axis of the instrument. The pushers 136, in turn, drive the fasteners 140 out of their slots 139 and into the depressions 230 in the anvil plate for crimping, thereby f~ctPning the tissue on both sides of the incision. When the operation is completed the used replaceable insert 130 can be disposed, and a new one installed in the apparatus.
Fig. 3 illustrates the anvil tip 124 having prongs 124a and detents 124b on the outer sides of the prongs. The detents 124b are for eng~ging side slots 250 (See Fig. 4) in the anvil 200.
Referring to Fig. 4, anvil 200 is preferably fabricated from 305 20 stainless steel sheet of from about 0.068 to about 0.072 inches in thickness. Wall 265 defines a planar tissue contacting surface and contains fastener closing me~ns which can be staple closing depressions 230, as shown, or means ~or releasably holding the retainer portions of two-part surgical fasteners. Walls 2~4 are side wa~ls which25 intersect with wall 265 to define ridges 266 (See Pig. 5), and which define planes transverse to the plane of wall 265. The anvil 200 includes a loneit~-~iin~l in~iPnt~tion 260 eY~Pnrling along at least one, and preferably both, of the sides 264 adjacent to the tissue cl ntarting surface 265 containine the staple closing depressions 230. The ind~nt~tion 260 increases the strength of the anvil to reduce deflection during clamping of the body tissue between the anvil jaw and the staple jaw and during firing 20~3~1 of the fasteners. The indentation 260 is illustratively centered on each side wall 264.
By way of example, the anvil 200 can have a length L-l of from about 10.30 to about 10.50 inches, a hçight H-l of about 0.35 to about 0.36 inches, and a 5 width W-l of from about 3.5 to about 3.6 inches. The elongated indPnt~ )n 260 can have a length L-3 of preferably from 85% to 90% of the length L-l of the anvil, i.e., from about 9.1 to 9.2 inches. Alternatively, the in/lPnt~tir~n can extend thç entire length of the anvil. The depth D (Fig. S) of the inrlpnt~tinn 260 is preferably from 10 about 0.020 inches to about 0.030 inches. The height H-2 is preferably ~rom about 0.085 to 0.09 about inches. The length L-2 of the rows of staple forrning depressions can be up to about from 3.0 to 3.5 inches. These flimt-n.~ion~ are illustrative and represent the size of but one embodiment of the present invention. Anvils of other ~limen~ ns are within the scope of the present invention.
The proximal end 270 of the anvil includes upright portions 271 inl~lu-ling notch 272 ~or receiving crosspiece 115 in the first frame 110 to f~cilit~te properly aligned engagement of the first and second ~rames when assembled.
The anvil 200 of the present invention further includes a deflection 20 preventing member 280 located in the proximal portion 162 of the anvil. Deflection preventing member 280 has an upper abutment surface 281 and projects laterally beyond the side of the anvil. In one embodiment, the member 280 can extend a distance W-2 of about 0.065 inches to about û.075 inches. The abutment surface 281 25 optionally can be flush with the tissue contacting surface 265. A notch 282 is located next to the deflection preventing member 280.
Referring to Figs. 1, 4 and 5, the cartridgç support 114 includes an uprcused side plate 112 having a notch 113 for coope~atively en~ging the de~lection 30 preventing member 280. When the apparatus is assembled for use, the abutment surface 281 abuts the bottom of notch 113 thereby preventing flexing of the anvil 200.
2 ~
The deflection preventing member is illustratively located about 3.5 inches from the proximal end 270 of the anvil, which is about midway between the middle portion 161 of the anvil and the proximal end 270.
When the instrument is closed by assembling the frames 120 and 110, and pivoting handle 150 down to secure the hinge plates 121 to the locking bar 1~3, the ~efl~ctin~ rnember 280 contacts the bottom edge of notch 113 and acts as a stop.
This preven~s bending of the proximal portion of the anvil 280, and thereby allowing 10 a greater rl~mpin~ force to be exerted at the distal end. ~tliffon~lly, by fllnctionin~e as a stop in the proximal portion of the anvil, the cl~mpin~ leverage forces developed by the hinge plates and locking bar 153 are to a greater degree directed to the distal portion of the apparatus where the tissue is clamped, because the proximal portion of the anvil is prevented from flexing. Thus, the present invention encompasses both means for preventing bending of the anvil and for increasing clamping forces on the tissue.
While the above description contains many spe~ifics, these specifics should not be construed as limitations of the scope of the invention, but merely as 20 exemplifi~tion~ of preferred embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envision many other possible variations that are within the s ope and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (20)
1. An anvil member for use in apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue, which comprises:
an elongated member including at least one each of lengthwise extending first and second walls generally defining mutually transverse respective planes and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of said first wall including means for closing the surgical fasteners, and said second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
an elongated member including at least one each of lengthwise extending first and second walls generally defining mutually transverse respective planes and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distal portion of said first wall including means for closing the surgical fasteners, and said second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
2. The anvil member of claim 1, wherein the length of said elongated indentation is from about 85% to about 90% of the length of the second wall.
3. The anvil member of claim 1, wherein said means for closing said surgical fasteners comprises a plurality of depressions arranged in at least two parallel rows.
4. The anvil member of claim 1, further including a longitudinally extending slot in said first wall for permitting passage therethrough of a knife blade.
5. The anvil member of claim 1, further including abutment means to prevent flexing of the proximal portion of said anvil member.
6. The anvil member of claim 5, wherein said abutment means comprises a deflection preventing member projecting laterally from the proximal portion of said second wall and having an abutment surface.
7. The anvil member of claim 6, wherein said abutment surface is approximately flush with said first wall of the anvil member.
8. The anvil member of claim 7, wherein said anvil member is fabricated from stainless steel.
9. Apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue, which comprises:
fastener holder means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows;
means responsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus for driving said fasteners from said fastener holder means into a fastener closing surface of an elongated anvil member;
said anvil member having at least one each of first and second walls generally defining mutually transverse respective planes intersecting each other at a corner ridge and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distalportion of said first wall including said fastener closing surface, and said second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
fastener holder means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows;
means responsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus for driving said fasteners from said fastener holder means into a fastener closing surface of an elongated anvil member;
said anvil member having at least one each of first and second walls generally defining mutually transverse respective planes intersecting each other at a corner ridge and each having a distal portion and a proximal portion, the distalportion of said first wall including said fastener closing surface, and said second wall having at least one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said surgical fasteners comprise generally U-shaped deformable staples and said fastener closing surface includes a plurality of indentations arranged in at least two parallel rows for crimping the staples.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, further including a longitudinally extending slot in said first wall of said anvil member for permitting passage therethrough of a knife blade.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said anvil member further includes abutment means to prevent flexing of said anvil member.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein said abutment means comprises a deflection preventing member projecting laterally from the proximal portion of said second wall and having an abutment surface.
14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein said abutment surface is approximately flush with said first wall of the anvil member.
15. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said rows of fasteners are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the apparatus and wherein said fasteners are sequentially driven from said fastener holder in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the apparatus by a longitudinally moving cam bar.
16. In an apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue which includes fastener holding means for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows; and means responsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus for driving said fasteners from said fastener holding means into a fastener closing surface of anelongated anvil member, an improvement which comprises means associated with said anvil for preventing bending of the anvil.
17. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said means for preventing bending of the anvil comprises an anvil side wall having at lest one elongated indentation extending lengthwise thereon.
18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said apparatus includes a side plate with a stop surface, and said means for preventing bending of the anvil comprises a projection having an abutment surface for contacting said stop surface and preventing bending of the anvil.
19. In an apparatus for applying a plurality of surgical fasteners to body tissue which includes fastener holding means at a distal end portion of said apparatus for carrying a plurality of surgical fasteners in at least two parallel rows, and means responsive to user applied force and movable generally along the longitudinal axis of the apparatus between a proximal and middle portion of saidapparatus for driving said fasteners from said fastener holding means into a fastener closing surface of an anvil member, an improvement which comprises:
means associated with said anvil for increasing clamping forces on the tissue.
means associated with said anvil for increasing clamping forces on the tissue.
20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the apparatus includes a side plate in proximity to said anvil member and having a stop surface, and said means for increasing the clamping forces on the tissue comprises a projection having an abutment surface for contacting said stop surface and directing clamping force to said distal end portion of the apparatus.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US77799891A | 1991-10-17 | 1991-10-17 | |
US07/777,998 | 1991-10-17 |
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CA2075141A1 CA2075141A1 (en) | 1993-04-18 |
CA2075141C true CA2075141C (en) | 1998-06-30 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002075141A Expired - Lifetime CA2075141C (en) | 1991-10-17 | 1992-07-31 | Anvil for surgical staplers |
Country Status (4)
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US (1) | US5405072A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0537453B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2075141C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69211645T2 (en) |
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SU566574A1 (en) * | 1975-05-04 | 1977-07-30 | Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский и испытательный институт медицинской техники | Apparatus for applying linear agraffe suture on organs and tissue |
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-
1992
- 1992-07-31 CA CA002075141A patent/CA2075141C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-27 EP EP92114617A patent/EP0537453B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-08-27 DE DE69211645T patent/DE69211645T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-11-05 US US08/149,127 patent/US5405072A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
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DE69211645T2 (en) | 1996-12-12 |
DE69211645D1 (en) | 1996-07-25 |
EP0537453B1 (en) | 1996-06-19 |
CA2075141A1 (en) | 1993-04-18 |
US5405072A (en) | 1995-04-11 |
EP0537453A1 (en) | 1993-04-21 |
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