CA2151301C - Water-removal control system for dialysis devices - Google Patents
Water-removal control system for dialysis devices Download PDFInfo
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- CA2151301C CA2151301C CA002151301A CA2151301A CA2151301C CA 2151301 C CA2151301 C CA 2151301C CA 002151301 A CA002151301 A CA 002151301A CA 2151301 A CA2151301 A CA 2151301A CA 2151301 C CA2151301 C CA 2151301C
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- water
- time
- volume
- dialysis
- rate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1601—Control or regulation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/30—Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/30—Single needle dialysis ; Reciprocating systems, alternately withdrawing blood from and returning it to the patient, e.g. single-lumen-needle dialysis or single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/301—Details
- A61M1/305—Control of inversion point between collection and re-infusion phase
- A61M1/307—Time control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
- A61M2205/502—User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
- A61M2205/52—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/929—Hemoultrafiltrate volume measurement or control processes
Abstract
A water-removal control system for a dialysis device includes a device for setting a planned volume of water to be removed; a device for setting a water-removing rate; and a time-display device for calculating from the planned volume of water to be removed and the water-removing rate the finishing time of the dialysis treatment. The control system allows the water-removing rate to be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means during the dialysis treatment, and allows the time-display device to calculate the finishing time of the dialysis treatment synchronously with a stepped change in the water-removing rate, as well as to display the finishing time of the dialysis treatment.
Description
215~~0 WATER-REMOVAL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR DIALYSIS DEVICES
The present invention relates to a water-removal control system for dialysis devices, and more particu:Lary, to a water-removal control system capable of recalculating and displaying a planned finish time of dialysis treatment by changing at least one of preset values of a planned water-removing volume and a water-removing rate when there is the necessity of changing the predetermined finish time of the dialysis treatment for some reasons or other during dialysis.
Dialysis devices have been used widely to perform dialysis treatment for patients with chronic renal failure.
Such dialysis devices are generally composed of a dialyzer, a blood line, a dialysate line, a blood pump, a water-removal pump, and a water-removal control system. The: water-removal control system generally comprises a volume-setting means for setting the volume of water to be removed, a rate-setting means for setting the water-removing rate, a control means for controlling water-removing procedure on the basis of a set value of the water-removing rate set by the rate-setting means. The control means is so designed as to calculate the necessary time for dialysis from the set volume of water to be removed and the set value of the water-removing rate, and to determine the finish time of the dialysis treatment, i.e., the time at which the dialysis treatment has been finished, from the necessary time and the actual time. Generally, the control means is so designed as to have the ability to change the volume of water to be removed and the water-removing rate even during the dialysis treatment.
High performance dialysis devices have recently been developed that make it possible to remove a large volume of water from the blood. However, there is a fear that the patient's life is in danger because of improper control of the water removal, causing excessive or insufficient water removal. Thus, there is an increasing demand for a water-215~~a removal control system for dialysis devices that ensures correct and safe control of the water removal.
To meet such a demand, a few dialysis devices with an ultrafiltration control system have been proposed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication JP-B- 6-11001 and Japanese Patent JP-A- 6-14994.
The former discloses a dialysis device comprising a volume-setting means for setting a planned volume of water to be filtered, a rate-setting means for setting a filtering-rate, a control unit for controlling the ultrafiltration procedure on the basis of the filtering rate determined by the rate-setting means, the control unit being so designed that it allows at least one of the filtration volume and filtering-rate to be changed during the dialysis treatment. The control unit is adapted to calculate the remaining time of dialysis by using the planned filtration volume, the filtering-rate, and the volume of water filtered by that time, and to display this information. If the filtration volume or filtering-rate is changed during dialysis, the control unit recalculates the remaining time of dialysis from the changed value and displays the result.
The latter, JP-A- 6-14994, discloses a water-removal calculating system for a dialysis device, including means for setting a planned volume of water to be removed, a planned finish time of the dialysis treatment and the current time as data for the control of water-removal, and a means for calculating the required time for the dialysis treatment from the data, from which the water-removing rate at the time of starting of dialysis treatment is calculated automatically.
If the dialysis treatment is delayed for some reasons or other, the water-removing rate is automatically recalculated from the remaining time of the dialysis treatment and the remaining volume of water to be removed, to eliminate delay in the dialysis treatment, and then reset the water-removing rate to the calculated new value.
However, the dialysis device of JP-B- 6-11001 displays not the finish time of the dialysis treatment, but the A
21~~3Q 1 remaining time of the dialysis treatment, so that the operators are liable to make a wrong judgement carelessly on the finish time of the dialysis treatment. If it becomes difficult to finish the dialysis treatment within the initially planned time for some reasons or other, there is the necessity of finishing the dialysis treatment within a time shorter than the initially planned finish time. In such a case, dialysis treatments are often brought to an end simultaneously, particularly when many patients are treated at the same time, so that the operators are pressed by work because of after-treatment and preparation for_ the next treatments. Accordingly, the operators can make a mistake in calculation when setting the planned volume of water to be removed from the blood or the ultrafiltration rate.
Since the water-removal calculating system of JP-A- 6-14994 is so designed as to reset the water-removing rate to finish the dialysis treatment at the initially determined time, the water-removing rate becomes too fast, causing excess water-removal. This problem may be overcome by setting upper limits on the water-removing rate, but it requires recalculation of the water-removing rate wheneven the water-removing rate exceeds the limit.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a water-removal control system for dialysis devices, that causes no excess water-removal and makes it possible to control the schedules of dialysis treatment to avoid concurrent finishes of various dialysis treatments.
The above and other objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a water-removal control system for dialysis device, including: a volume-setting means for setting a planned volume of water to be removed or a planned water-removing volume; a rate-setting means far setting a water-removing rate; and a time-displaying means for calculating from the planned volume o.f water to be removed, set by said volume-setting means, and the water-removing rate set by said rate-setting means, and for displaying the resultant finish time of the dialysis treatment; said control A
z~5~~~
system being so designed as to allow the water-removing rate to be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means during the dialysis treatment and allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finish time of the dialysis treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the water-removing rate as well as to display the resultant finish time of the dialysis treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the rate-setting means is composed of an up and down type switch or a pair of push button switches.
The control system may be designed as to allow the planned water-removing volume to be changed step by step by operating the volume-setting means during the dialysis treatment and to allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finish time of the dialysis treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the planned water-removing volume, as well as to display the resultant finish time of the dialysis treatment. In this case, the volume-setting means for setting the planned water-removing volume is preferably composed of an up-down type switch or a pair of push-button switches.
In still another embodiment, the control system is provided with a displaying means for calculating and displaying a remaining time from the actual time to the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a dialysis device with a water-removal control system according to an embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating one example of a display panel of a water-removal control unit of Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a hemodialysis system comprising blood line 1, a dialyzer 2 arranged in the blood line 1, a blood pump 3 arranged in an upstream side of the blood line 1, a dialysate line 4 connected to the dialyzer 2, a water-removing means 5 arranged in the dialysate line 4 to remove water from the blood, a dialysate pump 7 for feeding a dialysate to the dialysate-line 4, and a water'-removal control A
unit 6 for controlling the water-removing means 5 and dialysate pump 7.
During dialysis, the blood from the vein of a patient is introduced into the dialyzer 2 by the blood pump 3 via the blood line 1, and the dialysate is introduced into the dialyzer 2 by the dialysate pump 7 via the dialysate line 4 to remove toxic wastes and surplus water from the blood. In the dialyzer 4, the blood is dialyzed and then rei~urned to the artery of the patient via the blood line 1. At that time, the surplus water in the blood is removed therefrom at a predetermined rate, introduced along with the waste dialysate into the water-removing means 5 through the dialysate line 4, and then discharged out of the system. During dialysis, the water-removing rate of the water-removing means 5 and the operation of the dialysate pump 7 are control7.ed by the control unit 6.
After starting the dialysis treatment, it might be necessary to increase the water-removing rate to catch up any delay of the dialysis treatment due to interruption of the water removal control due to warning signals, or it might be necessary to change the finish time of the dialysis treatment because of fear that it might require excessive work resulting from concurrent finishing of the dialysis treatments of many patients. Further, it might be necessary to change the planned volume of water to be removed. The water-removal control system of the present invention is so designed as to meet such requirements by changing the water-removing rate.
Further, the water-removal control system of the present invention may be so designed as to have the function of responding to these requirements by changing the planned water-removing volume.
In this embodiment, the control system is so designed that the value of the water-removing rate can be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means (switch 9) even while the dialysis treatment is being carried out. To this end, the rate-setting means is composed of a pair of up and down key switches. Also, the volume-setting means is composed A
of a pair of up and down key switches so as to make it possible to change the value of the volume of water removal step by step during a dialysis treatment.
The water-removing means 5 is generally composed of a ultrafiltration pump as disclosed in JP-B- 56-82 or a device as disclosed in JP-B- 3-54590. The device disclosed in JP-B-3-54590 comprises a closed container for temporarily storing fresh and used dialysate, the closed container being partitioned by two moveable diaphragms into a dialysate feed chamber, a dialysate recovery chamber, and a variable-volume chamber located between them and connected to a volume-control means containing a silicone oil, and forcing it to flow into or flow out from the variable-volume chamber to control its volume.
The water-removal control unit 6 includes a micro-processor (not shown) that performs arithmetic and logical calculations and controls the operations of the other elements of the system. Also, the control unit 6 includes a display panel 100 as shown in Fig. 2, which is provided with input means for setting data required for control of. water removal and a means for displaying control data as the occasion demands. Data required for control of water removal generally include, for example, the planned volume of water to be removed from the blood, the water-removing rage, and the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment.
As shown in Fig.2, the display panel 100 in this embodiment is provided with a volume-setting switch 8 for setting the planned volume of water to be removed, a rate-setting switch 9 for setting the water-removing rate, three basic display windows (81, 91 and 12), and an additional two display windows (10 and 11). The display window 81 is used for displaying the planned volume of water to be removed as set by the volume-setting switch 8, the display window 91 is for displaying the water-removing rate as set by the rate-setting switch 9, and the display window 12 is for displaying the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment, which had been derived from the planned water-removal volume and the A
215~3~ ~
water-removing rate by the microprocessor. One of the additional display windows 10 is used for displaying the elapsed time from the beginning of the dialysis treatment, while the other additional window 11 is for displaying the actual or current time. The windows 10 and 11 are optional and thus may be omitted if unnecessary.
If necessary, the display panel 100 may be provided with a remaining-time display means including an additional window for displaying a time period between the actual time and the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment. The provision of the remaining-time display means makes it possible to modify the schedule of the dialysis treatment with ease when treating many patients at the same time, since the remaining tame for each patient can be seen at a glance..
In use, a planned water removal volume is set first by pushing the volume-setting switch 8, and then the water-removing rate is set by the rate-setting switch 9. These set values are respectively displayed in the windows 81 and 91 and the required time for the dialysis treatment is automatically determined from the set values of the planned volume and the water-removing rate by the equation:
Required time = planned volume/water-removing rate Then, from the required time and the actual time, a finish time of the dialysis treatment is automatically calculated by the control unit 6 and displayed in the finish time-display window 12.
If there is the necessity of changing the water-removing rate or the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment during dialysis, this may be done by changing the set value of the water-removing rate. If there is the necessity of changing the initially planned volume of water to be removed, this may be done by operation of the rate-setting switch 9.
If the upper or lower half of the push button switch 9 is pressed and held depressed, the water-removing rate is increased or decreased step by step, and is simultaneously displayed in the water-removing rate display window 91. At the same time, the newly estimated finish time of dialysis 'A
215~3A
treatment is recalculated and displayed as a new planned finish time of the dialysis treatment in the window 12.
The change to the finish time of the dia:Lysis treatment can be carried out by pressing the rate-setting switch 9 and holding it depressed until the finish time of the dialysis treatment displayed in the window 12 reaches the desired finish time. Thus, it is easy to modify the finish time during the dialysis treatment. Further, it is possible to avoid a calculation error or input error of the water-removing rate or finish time during the dialysis treatrnent.
By previously storing an upper limit of the water-removing rate for each patient in the memory of the water-i-emoval control unit 6, it is possible to avoid excess water-removal, since the control unit prevents the water-removing rate from being increased over the upper limit, even if the punch button switch is depressed after the water-removing rate has reached its upper limit. Of course, the indication of the finish time of the dialysis treatment is not altered after the water-removing rate has reached its upper limit.
Further, the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment can be changed by adjusting the volume of water to be removed. This may be done in the same manner as in the above procedure, for example, by pressing an upper or lower half of the volume-setting switch 8.
The control system of the present invention may be provided with a means for displaying the remaining time of the dialysis treatment calculated by the control unit. In this case, the remaining time of the dialysis treatment is indicated in the display window. The longer the remaining time, the wider the range of variation of the finish time of the dialysis treatment. Thus, it is convenient to use the remaining time display means when there is they necessity of shortening the required time for the treatment or of catching up a delay during the treatment.
As will be understood from the above, according to the present invention, it is possible to schedule the finish time of a dialysis treatment, thus making it possible to avoid 'A
21~~~~ '~
concurrent finishing of treatments of many patients. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a control system in which it is easy to control the finishing time of the dialysis treatment, free from calculation errors and free from fear that it might cause excess removal of water when the water-removing rate is changed during dialysis.
Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with the preferred embodiments i~hereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications are appareni~ to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims unless they depart therefrom.
The present invention relates to a water-removal control system for dialysis devices, and more particu:Lary, to a water-removal control system capable of recalculating and displaying a planned finish time of dialysis treatment by changing at least one of preset values of a planned water-removing volume and a water-removing rate when there is the necessity of changing the predetermined finish time of the dialysis treatment for some reasons or other during dialysis.
Dialysis devices have been used widely to perform dialysis treatment for patients with chronic renal failure.
Such dialysis devices are generally composed of a dialyzer, a blood line, a dialysate line, a blood pump, a water-removal pump, and a water-removal control system. The: water-removal control system generally comprises a volume-setting means for setting the volume of water to be removed, a rate-setting means for setting the water-removing rate, a control means for controlling water-removing procedure on the basis of a set value of the water-removing rate set by the rate-setting means. The control means is so designed as to calculate the necessary time for dialysis from the set volume of water to be removed and the set value of the water-removing rate, and to determine the finish time of the dialysis treatment, i.e., the time at which the dialysis treatment has been finished, from the necessary time and the actual time. Generally, the control means is so designed as to have the ability to change the volume of water to be removed and the water-removing rate even during the dialysis treatment.
High performance dialysis devices have recently been developed that make it possible to remove a large volume of water from the blood. However, there is a fear that the patient's life is in danger because of improper control of the water removal, causing excessive or insufficient water removal. Thus, there is an increasing demand for a water-215~~a removal control system for dialysis devices that ensures correct and safe control of the water removal.
To meet such a demand, a few dialysis devices with an ultrafiltration control system have been proposed, for example, in Japanese Utility Model Publication JP-B- 6-11001 and Japanese Patent JP-A- 6-14994.
The former discloses a dialysis device comprising a volume-setting means for setting a planned volume of water to be filtered, a rate-setting means for setting a filtering-rate, a control unit for controlling the ultrafiltration procedure on the basis of the filtering rate determined by the rate-setting means, the control unit being so designed that it allows at least one of the filtration volume and filtering-rate to be changed during the dialysis treatment. The control unit is adapted to calculate the remaining time of dialysis by using the planned filtration volume, the filtering-rate, and the volume of water filtered by that time, and to display this information. If the filtration volume or filtering-rate is changed during dialysis, the control unit recalculates the remaining time of dialysis from the changed value and displays the result.
The latter, JP-A- 6-14994, discloses a water-removal calculating system for a dialysis device, including means for setting a planned volume of water to be removed, a planned finish time of the dialysis treatment and the current time as data for the control of water-removal, and a means for calculating the required time for the dialysis treatment from the data, from which the water-removing rate at the time of starting of dialysis treatment is calculated automatically.
If the dialysis treatment is delayed for some reasons or other, the water-removing rate is automatically recalculated from the remaining time of the dialysis treatment and the remaining volume of water to be removed, to eliminate delay in the dialysis treatment, and then reset the water-removing rate to the calculated new value.
However, the dialysis device of JP-B- 6-11001 displays not the finish time of the dialysis treatment, but the A
21~~3Q 1 remaining time of the dialysis treatment, so that the operators are liable to make a wrong judgement carelessly on the finish time of the dialysis treatment. If it becomes difficult to finish the dialysis treatment within the initially planned time for some reasons or other, there is the necessity of finishing the dialysis treatment within a time shorter than the initially planned finish time. In such a case, dialysis treatments are often brought to an end simultaneously, particularly when many patients are treated at the same time, so that the operators are pressed by work because of after-treatment and preparation for_ the next treatments. Accordingly, the operators can make a mistake in calculation when setting the planned volume of water to be removed from the blood or the ultrafiltration rate.
Since the water-removal calculating system of JP-A- 6-14994 is so designed as to reset the water-removing rate to finish the dialysis treatment at the initially determined time, the water-removing rate becomes too fast, causing excess water-removal. This problem may be overcome by setting upper limits on the water-removing rate, but it requires recalculation of the water-removing rate wheneven the water-removing rate exceeds the limit.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a water-removal control system for dialysis devices, that causes no excess water-removal and makes it possible to control the schedules of dialysis treatment to avoid concurrent finishes of various dialysis treatments.
The above and other objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a water-removal control system for dialysis device, including: a volume-setting means for setting a planned volume of water to be removed or a planned water-removing volume; a rate-setting means far setting a water-removing rate; and a time-displaying means for calculating from the planned volume o.f water to be removed, set by said volume-setting means, and the water-removing rate set by said rate-setting means, and for displaying the resultant finish time of the dialysis treatment; said control A
z~5~~~
system being so designed as to allow the water-removing rate to be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means during the dialysis treatment and allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finish time of the dialysis treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the water-removing rate as well as to display the resultant finish time of the dialysis treatment.
In a preferred embodiment, the rate-setting means is composed of an up and down type switch or a pair of push button switches.
The control system may be designed as to allow the planned water-removing volume to be changed step by step by operating the volume-setting means during the dialysis treatment and to allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finish time of the dialysis treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the planned water-removing volume, as well as to display the resultant finish time of the dialysis treatment. In this case, the volume-setting means for setting the planned water-removing volume is preferably composed of an up-down type switch or a pair of push-button switches.
In still another embodiment, the control system is provided with a displaying means for calculating and displaying a remaining time from the actual time to the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment.
In the drawings:
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating a dialysis device with a water-removal control system according to an embodiment of the present invention; and Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating one example of a display panel of a water-removal control unit of Fig. 1.
Referring to Fig. 1, there is shown a hemodialysis system comprising blood line 1, a dialyzer 2 arranged in the blood line 1, a blood pump 3 arranged in an upstream side of the blood line 1, a dialysate line 4 connected to the dialyzer 2, a water-removing means 5 arranged in the dialysate line 4 to remove water from the blood, a dialysate pump 7 for feeding a dialysate to the dialysate-line 4, and a water'-removal control A
unit 6 for controlling the water-removing means 5 and dialysate pump 7.
During dialysis, the blood from the vein of a patient is introduced into the dialyzer 2 by the blood pump 3 via the blood line 1, and the dialysate is introduced into the dialyzer 2 by the dialysate pump 7 via the dialysate line 4 to remove toxic wastes and surplus water from the blood. In the dialyzer 4, the blood is dialyzed and then rei~urned to the artery of the patient via the blood line 1. At that time, the surplus water in the blood is removed therefrom at a predetermined rate, introduced along with the waste dialysate into the water-removing means 5 through the dialysate line 4, and then discharged out of the system. During dialysis, the water-removing rate of the water-removing means 5 and the operation of the dialysate pump 7 are control7.ed by the control unit 6.
After starting the dialysis treatment, it might be necessary to increase the water-removing rate to catch up any delay of the dialysis treatment due to interruption of the water removal control due to warning signals, or it might be necessary to change the finish time of the dialysis treatment because of fear that it might require excessive work resulting from concurrent finishing of the dialysis treatments of many patients. Further, it might be necessary to change the planned volume of water to be removed. The water-removal control system of the present invention is so designed as to meet such requirements by changing the water-removing rate.
Further, the water-removal control system of the present invention may be so designed as to have the function of responding to these requirements by changing the planned water-removing volume.
In this embodiment, the control system is so designed that the value of the water-removing rate can be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means (switch 9) even while the dialysis treatment is being carried out. To this end, the rate-setting means is composed of a pair of up and down key switches. Also, the volume-setting means is composed A
of a pair of up and down key switches so as to make it possible to change the value of the volume of water removal step by step during a dialysis treatment.
The water-removing means 5 is generally composed of a ultrafiltration pump as disclosed in JP-B- 56-82 or a device as disclosed in JP-B- 3-54590. The device disclosed in JP-B-3-54590 comprises a closed container for temporarily storing fresh and used dialysate, the closed container being partitioned by two moveable diaphragms into a dialysate feed chamber, a dialysate recovery chamber, and a variable-volume chamber located between them and connected to a volume-control means containing a silicone oil, and forcing it to flow into or flow out from the variable-volume chamber to control its volume.
The water-removal control unit 6 includes a micro-processor (not shown) that performs arithmetic and logical calculations and controls the operations of the other elements of the system. Also, the control unit 6 includes a display panel 100 as shown in Fig. 2, which is provided with input means for setting data required for control of. water removal and a means for displaying control data as the occasion demands. Data required for control of water removal generally include, for example, the planned volume of water to be removed from the blood, the water-removing rage, and the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment.
As shown in Fig.2, the display panel 100 in this embodiment is provided with a volume-setting switch 8 for setting the planned volume of water to be removed, a rate-setting switch 9 for setting the water-removing rate, three basic display windows (81, 91 and 12), and an additional two display windows (10 and 11). The display window 81 is used for displaying the planned volume of water to be removed as set by the volume-setting switch 8, the display window 91 is for displaying the water-removing rate as set by the rate-setting switch 9, and the display window 12 is for displaying the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment, which had been derived from the planned water-removal volume and the A
215~3~ ~
water-removing rate by the microprocessor. One of the additional display windows 10 is used for displaying the elapsed time from the beginning of the dialysis treatment, while the other additional window 11 is for displaying the actual or current time. The windows 10 and 11 are optional and thus may be omitted if unnecessary.
If necessary, the display panel 100 may be provided with a remaining-time display means including an additional window for displaying a time period between the actual time and the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment. The provision of the remaining-time display means makes it possible to modify the schedule of the dialysis treatment with ease when treating many patients at the same time, since the remaining tame for each patient can be seen at a glance..
In use, a planned water removal volume is set first by pushing the volume-setting switch 8, and then the water-removing rate is set by the rate-setting switch 9. These set values are respectively displayed in the windows 81 and 91 and the required time for the dialysis treatment is automatically determined from the set values of the planned volume and the water-removing rate by the equation:
Required time = planned volume/water-removing rate Then, from the required time and the actual time, a finish time of the dialysis treatment is automatically calculated by the control unit 6 and displayed in the finish time-display window 12.
If there is the necessity of changing the water-removing rate or the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment during dialysis, this may be done by changing the set value of the water-removing rate. If there is the necessity of changing the initially planned volume of water to be removed, this may be done by operation of the rate-setting switch 9.
If the upper or lower half of the push button switch 9 is pressed and held depressed, the water-removing rate is increased or decreased step by step, and is simultaneously displayed in the water-removing rate display window 91. At the same time, the newly estimated finish time of dialysis 'A
215~3A
treatment is recalculated and displayed as a new planned finish time of the dialysis treatment in the window 12.
The change to the finish time of the dia:Lysis treatment can be carried out by pressing the rate-setting switch 9 and holding it depressed until the finish time of the dialysis treatment displayed in the window 12 reaches the desired finish time. Thus, it is easy to modify the finish time during the dialysis treatment. Further, it is possible to avoid a calculation error or input error of the water-removing rate or finish time during the dialysis treatrnent.
By previously storing an upper limit of the water-removing rate for each patient in the memory of the water-i-emoval control unit 6, it is possible to avoid excess water-removal, since the control unit prevents the water-removing rate from being increased over the upper limit, even if the punch button switch is depressed after the water-removing rate has reached its upper limit. Of course, the indication of the finish time of the dialysis treatment is not altered after the water-removing rate has reached its upper limit.
Further, the planned finish time of the dialysis treatment can be changed by adjusting the volume of water to be removed. This may be done in the same manner as in the above procedure, for example, by pressing an upper or lower half of the volume-setting switch 8.
The control system of the present invention may be provided with a means for displaying the remaining time of the dialysis treatment calculated by the control unit. In this case, the remaining time of the dialysis treatment is indicated in the display window. The longer the remaining time, the wider the range of variation of the finish time of the dialysis treatment. Thus, it is convenient to use the remaining time display means when there is they necessity of shortening the required time for the treatment or of catching up a delay during the treatment.
As will be understood from the above, according to the present invention, it is possible to schedule the finish time of a dialysis treatment, thus making it possible to avoid 'A
21~~~~ '~
concurrent finishing of treatments of many patients. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a control system in which it is easy to control the finishing time of the dialysis treatment, free from calculation errors and free from fear that it might cause excess removal of water when the water-removing rate is changed during dialysis.
Although the present invention has been fully described in connection with the preferred embodiments i~hereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications are appareni~ to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as included within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims unless they depart therefrom.
A
Claims (5)
1. A water-removal control system for a dialysis device, including:
a volume-setting means for setting a planned volume of water to be removed;
a rate-setting means for setting a water-removing rate;
and a time-displaying means for calculating from the planned volume of water to be removed, set by said volume-setting means, and the water-removing rate set by said rate-setting means, and for displaying the resultant finishing time of the dialysis treatment;
said control system being so designed as to allow the water-removing rate to be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means during the dialysis treatment and allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finishing time of the treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the water-removing rate as well as to display the resultant finishing time of the treatment.
a volume-setting means for setting a planned volume of water to be removed;
a rate-setting means for setting a water-removing rate;
and a time-displaying means for calculating from the planned volume of water to be removed, set by said volume-setting means, and the water-removing rate set by said rate-setting means, and for displaying the resultant finishing time of the dialysis treatment;
said control system being so designed as to allow the water-removing rate to be changed step by step by operating the rate-setting means during the dialysis treatment and allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finishing time of the treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the water-removing rate as well as to display the resultant finishing time of the treatment.
2. The water-removal control system for a dialysis device according to claim 1 wherein the rate-setting means is composed of an up and down type switch.
3. The water-removal control system for a dialysis device according to claim 1 wherein the control system is so designed as to allow the planned water-removing volume to be changed step by step by operating the volume-setting means during the dialysis treatment, and to allow the time-displaying means to calculate the finishing time of the dialysis treatment synchronously with a stepped change of the planned water-removing volume, as well as to display the resultant finishing time of the dialysis treatment.
4. The water-removal control system for a dialysis device according to claim 3 wherein the volume-setting means is composed of an up and down type switch.
5. The water-removal control system for a dialysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein said control system includes a displaying means for calculating and displaying a remaining time from the actual time to the finish time of the dialysis treatment.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP6152627A JPH07328110A (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1994-06-10 | Water removing control mechanism for dialyzer |
| JP6-152627 | 1994-06-10 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2151301A1 CA2151301A1 (en) | 1995-12-11 |
| CA2151301C true CA2151301C (en) | 2002-07-30 |
Family
ID=15544524
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002151301A Expired - Fee Related CA2151301C (en) | 1994-06-10 | 1995-06-08 | Water-removal control system for dialysis devices |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5656153A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0686404B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH07328110A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100342277B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1124163C (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE227141T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2151301C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69528726T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19823811C1 (en) * | 1998-05-28 | 1999-11-25 | Fresenius Medical Care De Gmbh | Safety device for a blood treatment device and method for increasing the safety of a blood treatment device |
| JP2003010318A (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-14 | Nippon Colin Co Ltd | Dialyzer |
| JP2003010317A (en) | 2001-07-02 | 2003-01-14 | Nippon Colin Co Ltd | Dialyzer |
| US20060076295A1 (en) | 2004-03-15 | 2006-04-13 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Systems and methods of blood-based therapies having a microfluidic membraneless exchange device |
| ATE510605T1 (en) | 2003-03-14 | 2011-06-15 | Univ Columbia | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR BLOOD BASED THERAPY USING A MEMBRANELESS MICROFLUID EXCHANGE DEVICE |
| ES2353313T3 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2011-03-01 | Gambro Lundia Ab | MEDICAL DEVICE. |
| CN101534917A (en) | 2006-05-22 | 2009-09-16 | 纽约市哥伦比亚大学理事会 | Systems and methods of microfluidic membraneless exchange using filtration of extraction fluid outlet streams |
| US20080217795A1 (en) * | 2007-03-07 | 2008-09-11 | Alexander Gofer | Humidifier device for fuel cell |
| MX2010008591A (en) | 2008-02-04 | 2010-08-30 | Univ Columbia | Fluid separation devices, systems and methods. |
| ES2498744T3 (en) * | 2010-09-27 | 2014-09-25 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Device for extracorporeal blood treatment |
| DE102012017432A1 (en) | 2012-09-04 | 2014-03-06 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Apparatus for quantifying and displaying a time buffer of a patient. Blood treatment device and method |
| EP2712637B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-10-19 | Gambro Lundia AB | Extracorporeal blood treatment apparatus and method of setting an extracorporeal blood treatment. |
| KR101682393B1 (en) | 2015-03-31 | 2016-12-12 | 오강원 | Drain coupling mechanism |
| JP7203488B2 (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2023-01-13 | ニプロ株式会社 | hemodialysis machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3598306A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1971-08-10 | Thomas Lawrence Osborne | Time-speed-distance computer instrument |
| US4370983A (en) * | 1971-01-20 | 1983-02-01 | Lichtenstein Eric Stefan | Computer-control medical care system |
| US3813533A (en) * | 1972-06-02 | 1974-05-28 | Garrett Comtronics Corp | Clock calculator |
| US4035627A (en) * | 1973-05-29 | 1977-07-12 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Scientific calculator |
| US4022014A (en) * | 1975-04-04 | 1977-05-10 | Timex Corporation | Combination wristwatch/chronograph/wrist calculator/measuring device |
| JPS525682A (en) * | 1975-07-02 | 1977-01-17 | Shimada Phys & Chem Ind Co Ltd | Sputtering apparatus for long length substrates |
| JPS5272379A (en) | 1975-12-15 | 1977-06-16 | Toray Ind Inc | Separation of fluid |
| US4232382A (en) * | 1977-05-26 | 1980-11-04 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Incrementing signal hold circuit for a clock/calculator |
| JPS54144152A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1979-11-10 | Sharp Corp | Integrated circuit device |
| JPH0611001B2 (en) | 1986-10-29 | 1994-02-09 | 出光興産株式会社 | Thermal resistor |
| JPS6462167A (en) | 1987-09-01 | 1989-03-08 | Kazuo Era | Dialyser |
| JPH01131670A (en) * | 1987-11-17 | 1989-05-24 | Kuraray Co Ltd | Blood dialyzer |
| JP2752650B2 (en) * | 1988-09-14 | 1998-05-18 | 旭化成工業株式会社 | Artificial kidney input device |
| JP2769514B2 (en) * | 1989-03-13 | 1998-06-25 | 株式会社三陽電機製作所 | Water removal control device for hemodialysis machine |
| US5247434A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1993-09-21 | Althin Medical, Inc. | Method and apparatus for kidney dialysis |
| JPH0611001A (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-01-21 | Bando Chem Ind Ltd | Belt driving device |
| JP3250745B2 (en) * | 1992-07-03 | 2002-01-28 | 日機装株式会社 | Dialysis machine water removal calculation system |
-
1994
- 1994-06-10 JP JP6152627A patent/JPH07328110A/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-06-06 US US08/468,039 patent/US5656153A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-08 EP EP95108857A patent/EP0686404B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1995-06-08 AT AT95108857T patent/ATE227141T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-06-08 DE DE69528726T patent/DE69528726T2/en not_active Revoked
- 1995-06-08 CA CA002151301A patent/CA2151301C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-06-09 CN CN95108319A patent/CN1124163C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-06-09 KR KR1019950015130A patent/KR100342277B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR970000256A (en) | 1997-01-21 |
| JPH07328110A (en) | 1995-12-19 |
| DE69528726D1 (en) | 2002-12-12 |
| DE69528726T2 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
| KR100342277B1 (en) | 2002-12-26 |
| CN1124163C (en) | 2003-10-15 |
| EP0686404B1 (en) | 2002-11-06 |
| US5656153A (en) | 1997-08-12 |
| EP0686404A1 (en) | 1995-12-13 |
| CA2151301A1 (en) | 1995-12-11 |
| ATE227141T1 (en) | 2002-11-15 |
| CN1118272A (en) | 1996-03-13 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20140610 |