CA2178255A1 - Telescoping needle shield - Google Patents
Telescoping needle shieldInfo
- Publication number
- CA2178255A1 CA2178255A1 CA002178255A CA2178255A CA2178255A1 CA 2178255 A1 CA2178255 A1 CA 2178255A1 CA 002178255 A CA002178255 A CA 002178255A CA 2178255 A CA2178255 A CA 2178255A CA 2178255 A1 CA2178255 A1 CA 2178255A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- needle
- shield
- tubes
- assembly
- distal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000012266 Needlestick injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012858 resilient material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011580 syndromic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
- A61M25/0612—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
- A61M25/0631—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for fully covering the needle after its withdrawal, e.g. needle being withdrawn inside the handle or a cover being advanced over the needle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/06—Body-piercing guide needles or the like
- A61M25/0612—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders
- A61M25/0618—Devices for protecting the needle; Devices to help insertion of the needle, e.g. wings or holders having means for protecting only the distal tip of the needle, e.g. a needle guard
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
- A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
- A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
- A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/31—Details
- A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
- A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
- A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
- A61M5/3243—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel
- A61M5/3273—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles being axially-extensible, e.g. protective sleeves coaxially slidable on the syringe barrel freely sliding on needle shaft without connection to syringe or needle
Abstract
A needle assembly is provided with a needle securely mounted to a needle hub. A shield assembly includes a plurality of telescoped tubes concentrically surrounding the needle. One of the telescoped tubes is securely connected to the needle hub. The other tubes in the assembly may be slid away from the needle hub. The tubes have combined lengths to enable complete shielding of the needle when the tubes are telescopingly extended. The distal-most tube, when the tubes are telescopingly extended, includes a tip guard which resiliently moves over the distal tip of the needle as the shield assembly is fully extended. The distal-most tube, when the tubes are telescopingly extended, of the shield assembly frictionally engages a catheter adapter to prevent withdrawal of the needle from the shield assembly until the tubes are fully telescopingly extended. As full shielding of the needle is reached, the shielded needle is separated from the catheter adapter.
Description
.~. 2 1 78255 TELESCOPING NEEDLE SHIELD
5 Back~round Of The Invention The subject invention relates to a needle point shield that will safely and auto- matically shield a needle after the needle has been used.
Sharp needles are typically used in health care procedures as part of a hypodermic needle assembly, a blood collection assembly or an 10 intravenous (IV) catheter assembly. In recent years, there has been great concern over the immediate disposal of needles after use. This concern has arisen because of the advent of currently incurable and fatal diseases, such as Acquired Immune Def ciency Syndrome ("AIDS"), which can be ~I dl l~lllill~d by the exchange of body fluids from an infected person to another 15 person. Thus, if a needle has been used to place a catheter in the vein to withdraw blood from or inject medicine into an AIDS infected person, the needle is a vehicle for the 11 dr l~ ,is~ic" I of the disease. Thus, it is extremely important for a medical technician to properly dispose of the needle to avoid a llee~le~lickwith the uullldlllilldl~d needle. Unfortunately, in certain 20 medical environments, such as emergency situations or as a result of i~ Idllt~ ioll or ~le~ e,~ce, needlesticks with a co, I~dlllil Id~ d needle still occur.
Some needle shields have already been designed. Some shields only cover the sharp distal tip of the needle. This is Ul ~C~ r~. 1. " y in most instances because the shaft of the needle can be the source of 25 cul l~dlllil Idlioll from body fluids. Thus, there still remains a need to provide a needle shield assembly that is simple and easy to use and that completely covers the entire needle after use.
Summarv Of The Invention It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a needle shield assembly that is simple and easy to use.
It is another object of this invention to provide a needle shield that 5 completely covers the entire needle as well as the sharp distal tip of the needle after use.
Although this invention will be described in u~ 7euliul~ with a catheter introducer needle it is to be understood that the shield assembly of this invention could be used with other needles where shielding of the needle is 10 desirable.
The needle shield assembly of this invention includes a plurality of tubes ~oll-.e, ~ .a 'y overlapping one another i.e. nested and sunrounding the needle. One tube in the shield assembly is securely affixed to the needle hub. Other tubes in the shield assembly can be lt,lescu,oed distally relative 15 to one another and relative to the needle hub. The tubes are di,,,t7,~siu,~edsuch that the shield assembly surrounds the distal tip of the needle when the tubes are Lt le~cul.i, Iyly extended in a distal direction. 11 l~l lo-;ki"g means prevents complete sc~ iu" of the tubes from one another as they are extended distally. The distal-most tube of the extended shield assembly may 20 include a tip guard securely mounted therein and biased against the needle.
The tip guard will slide along the shaft of the needle as the tubes of the shield assembly are extended. After sufficient extension the tip guard will pass distally beyond the distal tip of the needle and will move toward an unbiased condition over the distal tip of the needle. Thus the tip guard 25 prevents proximal movement of the tubes or distal movement of the needle .. ~
that could re-expose the distal tip of the used needle.
The tubes are thin-walled, but are sufficiently rigid to prevent kinking and to ensure smooth ~les-,opil ,9 movement. The distal tubes can nest inside the proximal tubes or the distal tubes can nest outside the proximal 5 tube. Where the distal tubes nest outside the proximal tubes, the outer-most tube may be thicker than the others to protect and support the inner, thinner tubes. The thicker outer-most tube may be the tube that Lt:lesropes over the distal portion of the needle. Thus, this thicker outer tube provides accurate and efficient support for the above described tip guard therein. The outer-0 most tube may be releasably engaged with a catheter adapter. In this~" Ibo.li,,,e, ,L, the collapsed shield assembly is effectively enclosed between the needle hub and the catheter adapter After introduction of the catheter into the patient, the needle is removed from the patient in the conventional manner. This proximal movement of the needle hub and needle causes the tubes of the needle shield assembly to teles-,u~i, luly extend relative to one another. Thus, the needle is gradually and a~lollldLic~:!y shielded as it is withdrawn from the patient and from the catheter adapter. After l~l~scul,i"g extension of the tubes in the shield assembly, the tip guard in the outer-most tube resiliently 20 moves toward an unbiased condition over the distal tip of the needle. Furtherproximally directed forces on the needle hub will separate the outer-most tube from the catheter adaptor. Thus, the entire needle is safely shielded.
Re-exposure of the needle by l~lescuui, luly collapsing the tubes is prevented by the tip guard. Additionally, re-exposure of the used needle by S~,Udl dlil 1925 the telescoped tubes is prevented by the i, ll~l locki, lU means between ~ 2 ~ 78255 adjacent tubes. The shielded needle may be discarded in an d,lJ~JlU~
~ ~c~,ldcle and the catheter adapter may be placed in communication with other httings and tubes as required.
Brief Description Of The Drawinqs The preferred ~"l~odi",e"l~ are illustrated in the drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like elements and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the lt:les- ul,i"g needle shield assembly of this invention;
0 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the telescoping needle shield assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the l~:lescu~ needle shield assembly of this invention showing the resilient tip guard biased against the shaft of the needle;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the l~lescu,ui"g needle shield assembly of this invention showing the needle and inner-most tube secured to the needle hub;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the L~lescul i, l9 needle shield of this invention showing the needle in a shielded condition prior to 2 o sepdl dliol~ from the catheter adapter;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 but showing the tip guard in an unbiased condition shielding the tip of the needle;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the ~eles-.u,ui"s~ needle shield assembly of this invention showing the i, l~rluckil ,9 means between the outer and middle tubes;
`~ 2t 78255 FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the l~les~uui, Ig needle shield assembly of this invention showing the i"l~rlochil Ig means between the middle and inner tubes; and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the l~lesuu~i"g needle shield assembly of this invention shielding the needle after s~udldliol1 from the catheter adapter.
Detailed Description Of The Invention A needle shield assembly in dC1Ul ~dl ,ce with the subject invention is identified generally by the numeral 1û in FIGS. 1-9. Assembly 1û includes a 0 needle 12 having a proximal end 14 an opposed sharply pointed distal end 16 and a lumen extending therebetween.
Proximal end 14 of needle 12 is securely adhered in a needle hub 18 in the standard manner using a sidehole glue port in hub 18. (Not shown.) Hub 18 includes a proximal end 20 which extends proximally beyond proximal end 14 of needle 12 to define a flash chamber. A vent plug 22 is mounted to proximal end 20 of needle hub 18 to seal the flash chamber.
Hub 18 further includes a distal end 24 which extends to a location i"~e~",e~idt~ proximal and distal ends 14 and 16 of needle 12. A shield cavity 26 extends proxim311y into distal end 24 of hub 18 to end 27 and is 2 o radially ~i" ~el1siul1e~ to receive a shield as explained further herein. A ~lue port 28 extends ~idlllt~ll i ca ~y through needle hub 18 at a location proximally of shield cavity 26.
A l~lesc~,l,i"g shield assembly 3û is mounted cù,lce"l, ic. :ly around needle 12 and is initially disposed subaldl lli~:!y within shield cavity 26.
2 1 78~55 Shield assembly 30 includes a tubular base shield 32 having a proximal end 34 projecting proximally into needle hub 18 beyond shield cavity 26 and proximally beyond glue port 28. Base shield 32 further includes a distal end 36, which, in the e",~u~i",~"~:, shown herein, projects distally beyond hub 18.
5 Distal end 36 of base shield 32 includes an outwardly extending locking flange 38 for cooperatively locking with another of the l~les~uped shield members as explained further herein.
Shield assembly 30 further includes a tubular intermediate shield 40 tPles~nped over base shield 32. Intermediate shield 40 includes opposed 0 proximal and distal ends 42 and 44 respectively. In the collapsed condition of shield assembly 30 depicted in FIG. 2, proximal end 42 of intermediate shield 40 is near distal end 27 of shield cavity 26 in needle hub 18.
However, ir~ llledidl~ shield 40 can be slid distally relative to base shield 32and into the position shown in FIG. 5. Proximal end 42 of i"l~""e.didl~ shield 40 includes an inwardly extending locking flange 46 which is dil "el1siu"ed to engage outwardly extending locking flange 38 of base shield 32 for preventing complete se~,d, dliul ,. See FIG. 8. Distal end 44 of i"le" "e.lidle flange 40 includes an outwardly extending locking flange 48. See FIG. 7.
Base shield 32 and i"l~", l~did~ shield 40 have ll lich"esses selected 20 to prevent kinking during a shielding operation, and to ensure smooth l~les~oui"~ movement. However, neither base shield 32 nor i"lt"",e~id~e shield 40 will directly contact sharply pointed distal tip 16 of needle 12, and hence a small thickness is a~-.e~.~dL,le. Preferably stainless steel is used as the material. A wall thickness in the range of 0.002 inches to 0.007 inches is 25 preferred for base shield 32 and intermediate shield 40.
Shield assembly 30 further includes a shield housing 50 slidably l~lesc~ped over intermediate shield 40. Shield housing 50 includes a proximal end 52 and an opposed distal end 54. In the collapsed condition of shield assembly, as shown in FIG. 2, proximal end 52 of shield housing 50 is near distal end 27 of shield cavity 26. However, shield housing 50 can be slid distally and into the position shown in FIG. 5. Proximal end 52 includes an inwardly extending locking flange 56 for lockingly engaging outwardly extending locking flange 48 of i"~""e iidl~ shield 40 to prevent compiete sepd~dLio~1. See FIG. 7. Shield housing 50 defines a wall thickness 0 subbldl lli~"y greater than the wall ll lichl ,ebses of base shield 32 and i"l,:""e~iidL~ shield 40. Preferably shield housing 50 should have a wall thickness of at least about 5 times the wall thickness of base shield 32 and i"~""e~iidle shield 40. This greater wall thickness is provided for several reasons. First, shield housing 50 surrounds both base shield 32 and i"l~""e~iidl~: shield 40 in the collapsed condition of the shield assembly. The greater wall thickness for shield housing 50 protects the thinner base shield 32 and i"It:""e iidl~ shield 40 during periods of storage, shipment and initial use of needle assembly 10. Additionally, in the extended condition of shield assembly 30, as explained in greater detail below, shield housing 50 will be in proximity to sharply pointed distal end 16 of needle 12. Hence, the greater wall thickness of shield housing 50 provides added protection against puncture. Although this invention is described with the distal tubes nested outside the proximal tubes, it is to be ~" ,del bl~Jod that the distal tubes could be nested inside the proximal tubes.
Base shield 32, intermediate shield 40 and shield housing 50 define "~ 2 1 78255 respective lengths to have their distal ends 36, 4~ and 54 a,u,ul u,~ ldL~ly aligned in the collapsed condition of shield assembly 30 shown in FIG. 3.
Furthermore, distal ends 36, 44 and 54 will project only a small distance distally beyond needle hub 18, and will terminate a significant distance proximally of distal end 16 of needle 12 in the collapsed condition of shield assembly 30 shown in FIG. 2. However, the lengths of base shield 32, i"~""edidLe shield 40 and shield housing 50 are selected to ensure that shield housing 50 extends distally beyond distal end 16 of needle 12 in the extended condition of shield assembly 30 as depicted in FIGS. 5 and 9. The 0 lengths for base shield 32, i~ didLt: shield 40 and shield housing 50 depend on the length of needle 12 to be shielded. It is to be ~lld~l~Luod that three l~lesuu,ui, l9 tubes are preferable. However, additional Lelesco~i, l9 tubes or even fewer telescoping tubes could be used for different length needles.
Shield assembly 30 further includes a shield housing cap 58 securely engaged over distal end 54 of shield housing 50. Shield housing Cdp 58 includes a central aperture 60 extending therethrough which is di",ansiol1ad for slidable movement along needle 12.
As shown most clearly in FIGS. 3 and 6, a tip guard 62 is securely mounted between distal end 54 of shield housing 50 and shield housing Cdp 58. Tip guard 62 is formed from a resilient material, preferably a stainless steel shim, and includes a mounting leg 64 securely engaged between shield housing 5û and shield housing cap 58. Tip guard 62 also includes a shielding leg 66. Shielding leg 66 is biased away from mounting leg 64 generally p~l,uel1~icular thereto. In the collapsed condition of needle shield "~ 2 1 78255 assembly 10 shielding leg is moved to a position generally parallel to mounting leg 64 into sliding e,~gagt~",e"l with the shaff of needle 12.
Needle shield assembly 10 is preferably used in conjunction with an IV
catheter to introduce the catheter into a patient. The catheter includes a catheter adapter 70 having a proximal end 72 a tapered distal end 74 and a lumen 76 extending therebetween. Portions of lumen 76 extending distally from proximal end 72 are dimensioned to achieve a slight i"l~, r~, ~, Ice fit over shield housing cap 58 and over a distal portion of shield housing 50. More distal portions of lumen 76 are di~ siolled to slidably surround needle 12.
0 Needle shield assembly 10 is used by initially introducing distal end 16 of needle 12 into a patient. Needle shield assembly 10 is advanced a sufficient distance distally into the patient for the distal end of the catheter to enter the patient s vein. Upon proper positioning of the catheter in the patient's vein a health care worker using needle shield assembly 10 will exert proximally directed forces on needle hub 18 while holding catheter adapter 70 suL,~"Ii~ 'y in place. These initial proximally directed forces will cause a proximal movement of needle 12 and hub 18 and will cause a le:leswpi~ Ig of shield assembly 30. More particularly as noted above proximal end 14 of needle 12 is adhered to needle hub 18 and proximal end 34 of base shield 32 is secured to needle hub 18 at glue port 28. Thus the initial proximal movement of hub 18 will simultaneously draw needle 12 and base shield 32 in a proximal direction.
Sufficient proximal movement of needle 12 needle hub 18 and base shield 32 will cause outwardly extending locking flange 38 at distal end 36 of base shield 32 to engage inwardly extending locking flange 46 at proximal ~ 2~ 78255 end 42 of i"~e", ~did~ shield 40. Hence, further proximal movement of base shield 32 will effectively pull i"~e""e lid~ shield 40 relative to shield housing 50. The i"~, r~ ~ fit between catheter adapter 70 and shield housing cap 58 and shield housing 50 must provide frictional forces greater than the amount of the proximally directed force needed to extend needle shield assembly 10 to prevent shield housing 50 from prematurely di~ .Jd~ ~il ,9 from catheter adapter 70.
Further proximal movement of hub 18 causes locking flange 48 on distal end 44 of il l~ , edid~tl shield 40 to engage inwardly extending locking 0 flange 56 at proximal end 52 of shield housing 50 and prevents further relative movement between il l~ did~: shield 40 and shield housing 50.
As needle 12 is moved further in a proximal direction, distal tip 16 thereof will move proximally of shielding leg 66 of tip guard 62. Hence, shielding leg 66 will resiliently move toward an Ul Id~rl~ d condition and will safely cover pointed distal end 16 of needle 12 as shown in FIG. 6. Thus, any distal movement of needle 12 relative to shield assembly 30 that could conceivably re-expose needle 12 is prevented.
r~xtension of shield assembly 30 beyond the FIG. 6 condition is prevented by el1ga!J~",~"~ of the locking flanges as explained above. Hence, further proximally directed forces on needle hub 18 will overcome the i"~, rt ~z~ Ice fit between shield housing 50 and catheter adapter 70. Thus, as shown in FIG. 9, shield housing 50 and shield housing cap 54 will slidably separate from catheter adapter 70. In this separated condition, all portions of needle 12 projecting beyond needle hub 18 are safely surrounded and shielded. Additionally, tip guard 62 is disposed distally of distal end 16 of 2 1 782~5 needle 12 to prevent any possible re-exposure of needle 12. Furthermore, the relatively great thickness of shield housing 50 subaldl ,lially prevents anypossibility of puncture by distal end 16 of needle 12. The shielded needle may be safely and d,UUI U,OI k.~,ly discarded in an d,u,l~l UUI idL~ receptacle.Catheter adapter 70 may then be connected to an d,UlJI U~l id~ IV tube for use in the conventional manner.
Thus, it is seen that a needle shield assembly is provided that is simple and easy to use and that completely covers the entire needle as well as the sharp distal tip after use.
5 Back~round Of The Invention The subject invention relates to a needle point shield that will safely and auto- matically shield a needle after the needle has been used.
Sharp needles are typically used in health care procedures as part of a hypodermic needle assembly, a blood collection assembly or an 10 intravenous (IV) catheter assembly. In recent years, there has been great concern over the immediate disposal of needles after use. This concern has arisen because of the advent of currently incurable and fatal diseases, such as Acquired Immune Def ciency Syndrome ("AIDS"), which can be ~I dl l~lllill~d by the exchange of body fluids from an infected person to another 15 person. Thus, if a needle has been used to place a catheter in the vein to withdraw blood from or inject medicine into an AIDS infected person, the needle is a vehicle for the 11 dr l~ ,is~ic" I of the disease. Thus, it is extremely important for a medical technician to properly dispose of the needle to avoid a llee~le~lickwith the uullldlllilldl~d needle. Unfortunately, in certain 20 medical environments, such as emergency situations or as a result of i~ Idllt~ ioll or ~le~ e,~ce, needlesticks with a co, I~dlllil Id~ d needle still occur.
Some needle shields have already been designed. Some shields only cover the sharp distal tip of the needle. This is Ul ~C~ r~. 1. " y in most instances because the shaft of the needle can be the source of 25 cul l~dlllil Idlioll from body fluids. Thus, there still remains a need to provide a needle shield assembly that is simple and easy to use and that completely covers the entire needle after use.
Summarv Of The Invention It is therefore an object of this invention to provide a needle shield assembly that is simple and easy to use.
It is another object of this invention to provide a needle shield that 5 completely covers the entire needle as well as the sharp distal tip of the needle after use.
Although this invention will be described in u~ 7euliul~ with a catheter introducer needle it is to be understood that the shield assembly of this invention could be used with other needles where shielding of the needle is 10 desirable.
The needle shield assembly of this invention includes a plurality of tubes ~oll-.e, ~ .a 'y overlapping one another i.e. nested and sunrounding the needle. One tube in the shield assembly is securely affixed to the needle hub. Other tubes in the shield assembly can be lt,lescu,oed distally relative 15 to one another and relative to the needle hub. The tubes are di,,,t7,~siu,~edsuch that the shield assembly surrounds the distal tip of the needle when the tubes are Lt le~cul.i, Iyly extended in a distal direction. 11 l~l lo-;ki"g means prevents complete sc~ iu" of the tubes from one another as they are extended distally. The distal-most tube of the extended shield assembly may 20 include a tip guard securely mounted therein and biased against the needle.
The tip guard will slide along the shaft of the needle as the tubes of the shield assembly are extended. After sufficient extension the tip guard will pass distally beyond the distal tip of the needle and will move toward an unbiased condition over the distal tip of the needle. Thus the tip guard 25 prevents proximal movement of the tubes or distal movement of the needle .. ~
that could re-expose the distal tip of the used needle.
The tubes are thin-walled, but are sufficiently rigid to prevent kinking and to ensure smooth ~les-,opil ,9 movement. The distal tubes can nest inside the proximal tubes or the distal tubes can nest outside the proximal 5 tube. Where the distal tubes nest outside the proximal tubes, the outer-most tube may be thicker than the others to protect and support the inner, thinner tubes. The thicker outer-most tube may be the tube that Lt:lesropes over the distal portion of the needle. Thus, this thicker outer tube provides accurate and efficient support for the above described tip guard therein. The outer-0 most tube may be releasably engaged with a catheter adapter. In this~" Ibo.li,,,e, ,L, the collapsed shield assembly is effectively enclosed between the needle hub and the catheter adapter After introduction of the catheter into the patient, the needle is removed from the patient in the conventional manner. This proximal movement of the needle hub and needle causes the tubes of the needle shield assembly to teles-,u~i, luly extend relative to one another. Thus, the needle is gradually and a~lollldLic~:!y shielded as it is withdrawn from the patient and from the catheter adapter. After l~l~scul,i"g extension of the tubes in the shield assembly, the tip guard in the outer-most tube resiliently 20 moves toward an unbiased condition over the distal tip of the needle. Furtherproximally directed forces on the needle hub will separate the outer-most tube from the catheter adaptor. Thus, the entire needle is safely shielded.
Re-exposure of the needle by l~lescuui, luly collapsing the tubes is prevented by the tip guard. Additionally, re-exposure of the used needle by S~,Udl dlil 1925 the telescoped tubes is prevented by the i, ll~l locki, lU means between ~ 2 ~ 78255 adjacent tubes. The shielded needle may be discarded in an d,lJ~JlU~
~ ~c~,ldcle and the catheter adapter may be placed in communication with other httings and tubes as required.
Brief Description Of The Drawinqs The preferred ~"l~odi",e"l~ are illustrated in the drawings in which like reference numerals refer to like elements and in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the lt:les- ul,i"g needle shield assembly of this invention;
0 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the telescoping needle shield assembly of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the l~:lescu~ needle shield assembly of this invention showing the resilient tip guard biased against the shaft of the needle;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the l~lescu,ui"g needle shield assembly of this invention showing the needle and inner-most tube secured to the needle hub;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the L~lescul i, l9 needle shield of this invention showing the needle in a shielded condition prior to 2 o sepdl dliol~ from the catheter adapter;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 3 but showing the tip guard in an unbiased condition shielding the tip of the needle;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the ~eles-.u,ui"s~ needle shield assembly of this invention showing the i, l~rluckil ,9 means between the outer and middle tubes;
`~ 2t 78255 FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion of the l~les~uui, Ig needle shield assembly of this invention showing the i"l~rlochil Ig means between the middle and inner tubes; and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the l~lesuu~i"g needle shield assembly of this invention shielding the needle after s~udldliol1 from the catheter adapter.
Detailed Description Of The Invention A needle shield assembly in dC1Ul ~dl ,ce with the subject invention is identified generally by the numeral 1û in FIGS. 1-9. Assembly 1û includes a 0 needle 12 having a proximal end 14 an opposed sharply pointed distal end 16 and a lumen extending therebetween.
Proximal end 14 of needle 12 is securely adhered in a needle hub 18 in the standard manner using a sidehole glue port in hub 18. (Not shown.) Hub 18 includes a proximal end 20 which extends proximally beyond proximal end 14 of needle 12 to define a flash chamber. A vent plug 22 is mounted to proximal end 20 of needle hub 18 to seal the flash chamber.
Hub 18 further includes a distal end 24 which extends to a location i"~e~",e~idt~ proximal and distal ends 14 and 16 of needle 12. A shield cavity 26 extends proxim311y into distal end 24 of hub 18 to end 27 and is 2 o radially ~i" ~el1siul1e~ to receive a shield as explained further herein. A ~lue port 28 extends ~idlllt~ll i ca ~y through needle hub 18 at a location proximally of shield cavity 26.
A l~lesc~,l,i"g shield assembly 3û is mounted cù,lce"l, ic. :ly around needle 12 and is initially disposed subaldl lli~:!y within shield cavity 26.
2 1 78~55 Shield assembly 30 includes a tubular base shield 32 having a proximal end 34 projecting proximally into needle hub 18 beyond shield cavity 26 and proximally beyond glue port 28. Base shield 32 further includes a distal end 36, which, in the e",~u~i",~"~:, shown herein, projects distally beyond hub 18.
5 Distal end 36 of base shield 32 includes an outwardly extending locking flange 38 for cooperatively locking with another of the l~les~uped shield members as explained further herein.
Shield assembly 30 further includes a tubular intermediate shield 40 tPles~nped over base shield 32. Intermediate shield 40 includes opposed 0 proximal and distal ends 42 and 44 respectively. In the collapsed condition of shield assembly 30 depicted in FIG. 2, proximal end 42 of intermediate shield 40 is near distal end 27 of shield cavity 26 in needle hub 18.
However, ir~ llledidl~ shield 40 can be slid distally relative to base shield 32and into the position shown in FIG. 5. Proximal end 42 of i"l~""e.didl~ shield 40 includes an inwardly extending locking flange 46 which is dil "el1siu"ed to engage outwardly extending locking flange 38 of base shield 32 for preventing complete se~,d, dliul ,. See FIG. 8. Distal end 44 of i"le" "e.lidle flange 40 includes an outwardly extending locking flange 48. See FIG. 7.
Base shield 32 and i"l~", l~did~ shield 40 have ll lich"esses selected 20 to prevent kinking during a shielding operation, and to ensure smooth l~les~oui"~ movement. However, neither base shield 32 nor i"lt"",e~id~e shield 40 will directly contact sharply pointed distal tip 16 of needle 12, and hence a small thickness is a~-.e~.~dL,le. Preferably stainless steel is used as the material. A wall thickness in the range of 0.002 inches to 0.007 inches is 25 preferred for base shield 32 and intermediate shield 40.
Shield assembly 30 further includes a shield housing 50 slidably l~lesc~ped over intermediate shield 40. Shield housing 50 includes a proximal end 52 and an opposed distal end 54. In the collapsed condition of shield assembly, as shown in FIG. 2, proximal end 52 of shield housing 50 is near distal end 27 of shield cavity 26. However, shield housing 50 can be slid distally and into the position shown in FIG. 5. Proximal end 52 includes an inwardly extending locking flange 56 for lockingly engaging outwardly extending locking flange 48 of i"~""e iidl~ shield 40 to prevent compiete sepd~dLio~1. See FIG. 7. Shield housing 50 defines a wall thickness 0 subbldl lli~"y greater than the wall ll lichl ,ebses of base shield 32 and i"l,:""e~iidL~ shield 40. Preferably shield housing 50 should have a wall thickness of at least about 5 times the wall thickness of base shield 32 and i"~""e~iidle shield 40. This greater wall thickness is provided for several reasons. First, shield housing 50 surrounds both base shield 32 and i"l~""e~iidl~: shield 40 in the collapsed condition of the shield assembly. The greater wall thickness for shield housing 50 protects the thinner base shield 32 and i"It:""e iidl~ shield 40 during periods of storage, shipment and initial use of needle assembly 10. Additionally, in the extended condition of shield assembly 30, as explained in greater detail below, shield housing 50 will be in proximity to sharply pointed distal end 16 of needle 12. Hence, the greater wall thickness of shield housing 50 provides added protection against puncture. Although this invention is described with the distal tubes nested outside the proximal tubes, it is to be ~" ,del bl~Jod that the distal tubes could be nested inside the proximal tubes.
Base shield 32, intermediate shield 40 and shield housing 50 define "~ 2 1 78255 respective lengths to have their distal ends 36, 4~ and 54 a,u,ul u,~ ldL~ly aligned in the collapsed condition of shield assembly 30 shown in FIG. 3.
Furthermore, distal ends 36, 44 and 54 will project only a small distance distally beyond needle hub 18, and will terminate a significant distance proximally of distal end 16 of needle 12 in the collapsed condition of shield assembly 30 shown in FIG. 2. However, the lengths of base shield 32, i"~""edidLe shield 40 and shield housing 50 are selected to ensure that shield housing 50 extends distally beyond distal end 16 of needle 12 in the extended condition of shield assembly 30 as depicted in FIGS. 5 and 9. The 0 lengths for base shield 32, i~ didLt: shield 40 and shield housing 50 depend on the length of needle 12 to be shielded. It is to be ~lld~l~Luod that three l~lesuu,ui, l9 tubes are preferable. However, additional Lelesco~i, l9 tubes or even fewer telescoping tubes could be used for different length needles.
Shield assembly 30 further includes a shield housing cap 58 securely engaged over distal end 54 of shield housing 50. Shield housing Cdp 58 includes a central aperture 60 extending therethrough which is di",ansiol1ad for slidable movement along needle 12.
As shown most clearly in FIGS. 3 and 6, a tip guard 62 is securely mounted between distal end 54 of shield housing 50 and shield housing Cdp 58. Tip guard 62 is formed from a resilient material, preferably a stainless steel shim, and includes a mounting leg 64 securely engaged between shield housing 5û and shield housing cap 58. Tip guard 62 also includes a shielding leg 66. Shielding leg 66 is biased away from mounting leg 64 generally p~l,uel1~icular thereto. In the collapsed condition of needle shield "~ 2 1 78255 assembly 10 shielding leg is moved to a position generally parallel to mounting leg 64 into sliding e,~gagt~",e"l with the shaff of needle 12.
Needle shield assembly 10 is preferably used in conjunction with an IV
catheter to introduce the catheter into a patient. The catheter includes a catheter adapter 70 having a proximal end 72 a tapered distal end 74 and a lumen 76 extending therebetween. Portions of lumen 76 extending distally from proximal end 72 are dimensioned to achieve a slight i"l~, r~, ~, Ice fit over shield housing cap 58 and over a distal portion of shield housing 50. More distal portions of lumen 76 are di~ siolled to slidably surround needle 12.
0 Needle shield assembly 10 is used by initially introducing distal end 16 of needle 12 into a patient. Needle shield assembly 10 is advanced a sufficient distance distally into the patient for the distal end of the catheter to enter the patient s vein. Upon proper positioning of the catheter in the patient's vein a health care worker using needle shield assembly 10 will exert proximally directed forces on needle hub 18 while holding catheter adapter 70 suL,~"Ii~ 'y in place. These initial proximally directed forces will cause a proximal movement of needle 12 and hub 18 and will cause a le:leswpi~ Ig of shield assembly 30. More particularly as noted above proximal end 14 of needle 12 is adhered to needle hub 18 and proximal end 34 of base shield 32 is secured to needle hub 18 at glue port 28. Thus the initial proximal movement of hub 18 will simultaneously draw needle 12 and base shield 32 in a proximal direction.
Sufficient proximal movement of needle 12 needle hub 18 and base shield 32 will cause outwardly extending locking flange 38 at distal end 36 of base shield 32 to engage inwardly extending locking flange 46 at proximal ~ 2~ 78255 end 42 of i"~e", ~did~ shield 40. Hence, further proximal movement of base shield 32 will effectively pull i"~e""e lid~ shield 40 relative to shield housing 50. The i"~, r~ ~ fit between catheter adapter 70 and shield housing cap 58 and shield housing 50 must provide frictional forces greater than the amount of the proximally directed force needed to extend needle shield assembly 10 to prevent shield housing 50 from prematurely di~ .Jd~ ~il ,9 from catheter adapter 70.
Further proximal movement of hub 18 causes locking flange 48 on distal end 44 of il l~ , edid~tl shield 40 to engage inwardly extending locking 0 flange 56 at proximal end 52 of shield housing 50 and prevents further relative movement between il l~ did~: shield 40 and shield housing 50.
As needle 12 is moved further in a proximal direction, distal tip 16 thereof will move proximally of shielding leg 66 of tip guard 62. Hence, shielding leg 66 will resiliently move toward an Ul Id~rl~ d condition and will safely cover pointed distal end 16 of needle 12 as shown in FIG. 6. Thus, any distal movement of needle 12 relative to shield assembly 30 that could conceivably re-expose needle 12 is prevented.
r~xtension of shield assembly 30 beyond the FIG. 6 condition is prevented by el1ga!J~",~"~ of the locking flanges as explained above. Hence, further proximally directed forces on needle hub 18 will overcome the i"~, rt ~z~ Ice fit between shield housing 50 and catheter adapter 70. Thus, as shown in FIG. 9, shield housing 50 and shield housing cap 54 will slidably separate from catheter adapter 70. In this separated condition, all portions of needle 12 projecting beyond needle hub 18 are safely surrounded and shielded. Additionally, tip guard 62 is disposed distally of distal end 16 of 2 1 782~5 needle 12 to prevent any possible re-exposure of needle 12. Furthermore, the relatively great thickness of shield housing 50 subaldl ,lially prevents anypossibility of puncture by distal end 16 of needle 12. The shielded needle may be safely and d,UUI U,OI k.~,ly discarded in an d,u,l~l UUI idL~ receptacle.Catheter adapter 70 may then be connected to an d,UlJI U~l id~ IV tube for use in the conventional manner.
Thus, it is seen that a needle shield assembly is provided that is simple and easy to use and that completely covers the entire needle as well as the sharp distal tip after use.
Claims (11)
1. A needle shield for a needle having opposed proximal and distal ends, said shield comprising a plurality of tubes surrounding said needle, with a first tube defining a base tube fixed in proximity to said proximal end of said needle, and at least one other tube in sliding relation to the base tube for telescoping movement between a collapsed condition where the distal end of said needle is exposed and an extended condition where the distal end of the needle is surrounded by the shield.
2. The needle shield of Claim 1, wherein said tubes are movingly interlocked with one another for preventing complete separation during said telescoping movement of said tubes toward said extended condition.
3. The needle shield of Claim 2, wherein one of the plurality of tubes defines a shield housing, comprising a tip guard for covering the distal end of said needle in the extended condition of the tubes.
4. The needle shield of Claim 3, wherein the tip guard comprises a member disposed and configured for sliding movement against the needle during the telescoping movement of the tubes from the collapsed condition toward the extended condition and being disposed to move over the distal end of the needle when the tubes are telescopingly moved to the extended condition.
5. A catheter introducer set, comprising:
a needle having opposed proximal and distal ends;
a needle hub securely connected to the proximal end of the needle, portions of the needle hub intermediate the proximal and distal ends of the needle defining a shield cavity surrounding the needle;
a shield assembly surrounding the needle and comprising a plurality of nested tubes in sliding telescoping relation with one another where one of said tubes has a proximal end secured to the needle hub; and a catheter adapter, the shield assembly being releasably engaged with the catheter adapter.
a needle having opposed proximal and distal ends;
a needle hub securely connected to the proximal end of the needle, portions of the needle hub intermediate the proximal and distal ends of the needle defining a shield cavity surrounding the needle;
a shield assembly surrounding the needle and comprising a plurality of nested tubes in sliding telescoping relation with one another where one of said tubes has a proximal end secured to the needle hub; and a catheter adapter, the shield assembly being releasably engaged with the catheter adapter.
6. The catheter introducer set of Claim 5 further comprising a lock to prevent separation of the tubes from one another during telescoping movement therebetween.
7. The catheter introducer set of Claim 6 further comprising a tip guard connected to one of the nested tubes to prevent distal movement of the needle beyond the shield assembly once the needle has been withdrawn into the shield housing.
8. The catheter introducer set of Claim 5 wherein the plurality of nested tubes includes a base shield having a proximal end connected to the needle hub, an intermediate shield in telescoping relation to the base shield, and a shield housing in telescoping relation to the intermediate shield.
9. The catheter introducer set of Claim 8 further including a first lock to prevent separation of the base shield and the intermediate shield and a second lock to prevent separation of the intermediate shield and the shield housing.
10. The catheter introducer set of Claim 9 wherein the shield housing includes a tip guard to prevent distal movement of the needle with respect to the shield housing after the needle has been completely withdrawn inside the shield housing.
11. The catheter adapter insertion assembly of Claim 5, further comprising a metallic tip guard mounted in the shield housing and being slidable along the needle as the shield assembly is moved toward the extended condition, the tip guard being biased to move over the distal end of the needle when the shield assembly slidably telescopes into the extended condition.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US50160495A | 1995-07-12 | 1995-07-12 | |
| US08/501,604 | 1995-07-12 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2178255A1 true CA2178255A1 (en) | 1997-01-13 |
Family
ID=23994251
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002178255A Abandoned CA2178255A1 (en) | 1995-07-12 | 1996-06-05 | Telescoping needle shield |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5792122A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0753318B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3318489B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2178255A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69630992T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2211934T3 (en) |
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-
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- 1996-06-05 CA CA002178255A patent/CA2178255A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1996-07-03 DE DE69630992T patent/DE69630992T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-03 EP EP96304923A patent/EP0753318B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-03 ES ES96304923T patent/ES2211934T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-07-11 JP JP18243796A patent/JP3318489B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-07-31 US US08/903,686 patent/US5792122A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5792122A (en) | 1998-08-11 |
| DE69630992D1 (en) | 2004-01-22 |
| ES2211934T3 (en) | 2004-07-16 |
| JPH0928802A (en) | 1997-02-04 |
| EP0753318B1 (en) | 2003-12-10 |
| EP0753318A2 (en) | 1997-01-15 |
| EP0753318A3 (en) | 1997-07-09 |
| JP3318489B2 (en) | 2002-08-26 |
| DE69630992T2 (en) | 2004-11-11 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Discontinued |
Effective date: 20000306 |