CA2187796C - Arrangement and method for transmitting and receiving video signals - Google Patents

Arrangement and method for transmitting and receiving video signals Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2187796C
CA2187796C CA2187796A CA2187796A CA2187796C CA 2187796 C CA2187796 C CA 2187796C CA 2187796 A CA2187796 A CA 2187796A CA 2187796 A CA2187796 A CA 2187796A CA 2187796 C CA2187796 C CA 2187796C
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Prior art keywords
picture
sub
mosaic
video signal
pictures
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CA2187796A
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French (fr)
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CA2187796A1 (en
Inventor
Jurgen Fritz Rosengren
Ronald Wilhelm Johan Jozef Saeijs
Joanne Henriette Desiree Monique Westerink
Michiel Jacob Van Der Korst
Guy James Roberts
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/85Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression
    • H04N19/88Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using pre-processing or post-processing specially adapted for video compression involving rearrangement of data among different coding units, e.g. shuffling, interleaving, scrambling or permutation of pixel data or permutation of transform coefficient data among different blocks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4347Demultiplexing of several video streams
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T9/00Image coding
    • G06T9/007Transform coding, e.g. discrete cosine transform
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234363Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the spatial resolution, e.g. for clients with a lower screen resolution
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234381Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the temporal resolution, e.g. decreasing the frame rate by frame skipping
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/23439Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements for generating different versions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/236Assembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. transport stream, by combining a video stream with other content or additional data, e.g. inserting a URL [Uniform Resource Locator] into a video stream, multiplexing software data into a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Insertion of stuffing bits into the multiplex stream, e.g. to obtain a constant bit-rate; Assembling of a packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/2365Multiplexing of several video streams
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/41Structure of client; Structure of client peripherals
    • H04N21/426Internal components of the client ; Characteristics thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/431Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering
    • H04N21/4312Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering involving specific graphical features, e.g. screen layout, special fonts or colors, blinking icons, highlights or animations
    • H04N21/4316Generation of visual interfaces for content selection or interaction; Content or additional data rendering involving specific graphical features, e.g. screen layout, special fonts or colors, blinking icons, highlights or animations for displaying supplemental content in a region of the screen, e.g. an advertisement in a separate window
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/434Disassembling of a multiplex stream, e.g. demultiplexing audio and video streams, extraction of additional data from a video stream; Remultiplexing of multiplex streams; Extraction or processing of SI; Disassembling of packetised elementary stream
    • H04N21/4348Demultiplexing of additional data and video streams
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/445Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards for displaying additional information
    • H04N5/45Picture in picture, e.g. displaying simultaneously another television channel in a region of the screen
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/44Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards
    • H04N5/50Tuning indicators; Automatic tuning control

Abstract

MPEG2- based transmission systems transmit a large number of digital television programs in a single physical channel. Disclosed herein is a "Channel Navigation System" which allows a user to get an overview of the digital programs provided, and to easily select a desired program. The method of the invention includes the transmission (in a separate program of a transport stream) of a video stream representing a mosaic picture, the sub-pictures of which are miniature versions of the video stream of other programs in that transport stream. The method further includes the transmission of information which links the position of each sub-picture within the mosaic picture with the program number from which the sub-picture is derived. The user selects a desired program by merely "pointing and clicking" its miniature version in the mosaic picture.

Description

PH . 6~ r~ Cl ¦ PCT/!~j95 /0~255 1 9 ~~4~ ~99~
- 19.04. 1996 Al ~ ~e . and method for ~ iLlillg and receiving video signals.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a transmitter and method for lir ~ video signals. The invention also relates to a receiYer and a method for receiving video signals.

It is known that mosaic pictures comprising a plurality of sub-pictures are transmitted in cable networks. Each sub-picture renders a miniature version of an available television program. The mosaic video signal allows a user to obtain an overview of all receivable television programs. However, in order to select a desired television program, the 10 user must know the relevant channel number or associated program number, and enter said number via a remote control device.
OBJECT AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is, inter alia, an object of the invention to improve the known 15 d~ .IL and, in particular, to provide a transmitter for ~ video signals that assists the user in easily selecting a desired program from the large number of available programs.
According to a first aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a television transmitter for (l~l,~..lill;"~ a plurality of video signals via a common channel, each 20 video signal having a program number, the transmitter being adapted to generate a mosaic video signal comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, each sub-picture .~.~ g one of said plurality of video signals, generate data linking the position of each sub-picture on a display screen with the program number of the associated video signal, and transmit said mosaic video signa~ and linking data through said common channel.
A Cull~ l 'in~ television receiver for receiving and displaying the signals from said transmitter comprises a disp~ay screen, a pointing device, means for receiving the linking data and decoding the program number of a video signal .~)~t~ cl by the position of the sub-picture being displayed and pointed at by the pointing device, and adapted to select said video signal for display.
~M~NDFn SHEET . ;.
.. .. . . ... . . . . . .. ... _ . _ _ _ _ _ _ _ PHN 15.26v 2 1 87796 T~,as~A~edish;PvtvAtpOpiica~on ¦ PCI/~ 95 /00255 2 - 19.04. 1996 The invention thus allows a user to select a desired program by simply "pointing and clicking" the ~u~ yulldill~ sub-picture on the mosaic screen.
It should be noted that receiYers are known per se which allow the viewer to easily select a desired program by pointing and clicking an associated sub-picture on a 5 mosaic screen. Japanese patent application JP-A 1-246972 discloses a television receiver which creates the mosaic picture by sweeping the tuner along a plurality of video channels and displaying small images for said channels ~i,...,l~ v,,~ly as a mosaic picture. European patent application EP-A-0 494 752 discloses a security system comprising a plurality of video sources and an effect module to which the sources are connected and which composes the 10 mosaic screen. The selected source is displayed as a further (larger) image on the mosaic screen. In these prior art receivers, the relation between the position of a sub-picture and the associated video program is known because the receivers create the mosaic picture by themselves. However, the means therefor are .;v~lu~ l, require a huge amount of (often digital) memory, and render such a receiver cu.~ alvly more expensive.
Further aspects of the invention relate more specifically to ~r~ncnniccifm and reception of digital video signals. A known method of Ll~ il-v digital video signals is disclosed in "ISO/IEC CD 13818-1: Inf~-rm~ n technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio r ~ - - Part 1: Systems", 1993-12-01, also known as the MPEG2 systems standard. The known method comprises the steps of encoding said video 20 signals into respective elementary bitstreams, and l~ l ^ i--C said elementary bitstreams into a transport stream. The known MPEG2 ~ ." system is a packet-based multiplexsystem. Each transport packet belongs to one elementary stream of video, audio or data. One or more elementary streams make up a program. An MPEG2 transport stream ,Ullipli:~iUg a plurality of programs is transmitted through a single physical channel.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a television transmitter for ~r~n~mittinV a plurality of digital video signals, each signal being transform coded into a respective elementary bitstream, comprises means for composing a mosaic picture comprising a sub-picture, each sub-picture It:,ul~ vllLil~y, one of said plurality of video signals, means for encoding said mosaic picture as a further elementary bitstream, means for lr,~ g said 30 further elementary bitstream, and means for i v data linking the position of each sub-picture within the mosaic picture with the associated video signal.
The sub-pictures within the mosaic picture are not necessarily real-time miniature versions of the associated video program. In an attractive tl..l....lil. .,1 of the invention, at least one of the sub-pictures is vll~a~ iiv of the television program conveyed Al~.ENDtD SHEE~
.. .. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . _ _ _ _ PHN 15.268 PCT/ ~3 9 5 / 0 0 2 5 5 I~rh3 Swedish Pat~3nt Office _ ~CT 11 l~f~ I I~Uul lal Application ~ Uf -04- .~gYb 2a 21 87796 19.04.1996 by the associated video signal. It is thereby achieved that a user can clearly recognize a program on the mosaic picture, even if the "real" program is t~ JUl~il~ interrupted by e.g.
a TV CUIl~m~ l. The ~u.,c",ul"li~ television receiver comprises means for deriving the selected sub-picture from the mosaic signal and means for ~il,.,.ll",. u.~ly displaying the selected sub-picture and the associated video signal for a l~lcd~ h.~l period of time after selecting said video signal. This prevents confusion as to whether or not a program is indeed the selected program if, at the time of selection, a commercial is transmitted.
In a further ~ '.o-li,., - the sub-pictures are ul~ lu~ iic of respective programs scheduled for later 1~ .. and the linking data includes scheduling data for ~JI`O~ICIIIIIIill~ the receiver to ~ m~tir~lly display or record said scheduled programs. A
television receiver can now easily be Illuf~lail~ to ~ f~ tir~lly display or record a desired program by "pointing and clicking" the associated sub-picture on the mosaic screen.

A~ENDED SHE--w0 9s/28794 2 1 ~ 7 7 q 6 1 ~1 ~

Usually, an elementary MPEG video bitstream includes '~, encoded and l~lcdh li~ly encoded pictures , ~ transform-coded blocks having DC~^ fr;. ~ In an ~ L ' of the trqncn :~Pr, the means for composing the mosaic picture comprises means for selecting the DC I r ' of ~ encoded pictures 5 to constitute said l The mosaic picture can thus be derived from the encoded video signals by using a simple MPEG decoder. The mosaic picture is both spatiaUy and temporally reduced and re~uires only a low bitrate for ~ -It is to be noted that European Patent Application EP-A O 598 576 proposes a television signal i and reception system with S~l~. display for 10 tur~ing operations. However, EP-A O 5~ 576 was published after the priority date of this patent q~lirqtin-BRIEF DESCRI~ION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figs.l~ show L ~ - '- ' of a transmitter according to the invention.
Fig.5 shows a flowchart illustrating the operation of a decoder shown in Fig.3.
Figs.~7 show; ' - ' of a television receiver according to the invention.
Fig.8 shows a flowchart illustrating the operation of the television 20 receivers shown in Flgs.6-7.
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
Fig.l shows a first ~ 1....1;. ~ of a transmitter according to the invention. The transmitter may be located at the head-end of a cable network. The 25 transmitter receives a plurality of video signals by respective satellite, terrestrial or cable receivers (not shown). In the Figure, only three video signals Vl, V2, and V3 are shown.
They are app]ied to MPEG2 video encoders 2, 3 and 4, ~ . Said encoders are adapted to encode and compress the respective video encoders according to "ISOllEC CD
13818-2: T..r.... -'. - ~ technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio 30 . r '- - Part 2: Videon, 1993-12-01, also referred to as the MPEG2 video coding st~ndard. Their output signals are cl~.. ~ y bitstreams El, E2 and E3, 1~ ~ti~ . The video signals are further applied to a composing circuit 1 which comprises, for each video signal, a horizontal and vertical ~ 10, 11 and 12. Each ' generates a small-size sub-picture of the respective video picture. The sub-pictures are stored in wo 95128794 2 1 8 7 7 9 6 P~ -respective sections of a picture memory 13 under control of a control circuit 14 such that 4*4 or 5~5 s~b-pictures occupy a television screen. Control circuit 14 is further adapted to read-out the picture memory 13 so as to obtain a mosaic video signal Vm. Said signal Vm is applied to a further MPEG2 encoder 5 for encoding into a further; ' y bitstream Em.
5 In the ' ' shown, the dementary bitstreams V1, V2, V3 and Vm are ~' ' by a 'i,' 6 into a transport stream TS. However, the elementary stream Vm may also be ' as a separate transport stream. Control circuit 14 is further adapted to generate linking data L and to add said linking data to transport stream TS.
Fig.2 shows a second ~ ~ ' of the i This 10 differs from the first in that the video signals Vl..V3 are now locally generated by a respective source (not shown). In addition, each source generates an auxiliary picture, for example a still picture, which is ~ '; of the program. As an example, video signal V1 conveys the Oprah Winfrey show, whereas auxiliary signal Vla is a still picture showing Oprah Winfrey. This ~ ' ' is a.l~ in that the mosaic screen at the receiver 15 end clearly indicates that the Oprah Winfrey show is being broadcast, even if the program is ~, interrupted by a TV ' Fig.3 shows a third ' ' of the i In this ~ L ' t, tbe video signals to be i ' are assumed to be already available as respective MPEG
dementary streams El..E3. They are read from a r~ceived transport stream TS1 by a 20 ~ i,' 7 and directly applied to "i, ' 6. They are further applied to composing circuit 1 which now comprises means 16, 17, 18 for decoding the e' y str~ams andgenerating the respective sub-picture. Said means may take the form of MPEG decoders in with the MPEG2 video standard. However, "simpleN MPEG decoders may be used instead, as will now be explained.
As is generally known in the field of video encoding, each elementary stream El..E3 includes 'y encoded pictures (I-pictures) and ~ . ly encoded pictures (P and B-pictures). The encoded pictures comprise blocks of ~--~ .
I~r g spectral . , '~ of the video signal. The DC coefficient of ~, encoded blocks represents the average pixel value of an 8~8 pixd block. This applies in 30 particular to all blocks of the l-pictures. The operation of NsimpleN MPEG de~oders 16..18 will now be educidated with reference to a flowchart shown in Fig.5. In a first step 30, the de~oder dliscards all data until a picture start code is ~ ' Data defining a picture is now being received. In a step 31, the picture coding type P ' ' in the picture header is decoded. In a step 32, it is ascertained whether said picture coding type indicates ~ ~1796 S
that an I-picture is being received. If that is not the case, the decoder returns to step 30 to await the ne~ct picture start code. If the picture is an I-picture, the decoder ~u~
awaits the reception of a slice header (step 33) and the reception of a ...~.ul,lu.~ (step 34).
In a step 35, the decoder decodes and outputs the DC coefficient of a 5 block within the current ' ' In a stPp 36, the ! ' ~, ' C~~rr ~' ' of a block up to the detection of an end-of-block code are discarded. In a step 37, it is ascertained whether a-a blocks of a ' ' have been processPd. As long as that is not the case, the decoder returns to step 35. In a step 38, it is 5~ npd whether all .., 1 "Jl,l~, L` of a slice have be~n processPd. As long as that is not the case, the decoder returns to step 34. FinaUy, it is 10 ~ ' in a step 39 whether aU slices of the picture have been processed. As long as that is not the case, the decoder returns to step 33. If all slices have been processed, the decoder returns to step 30 in order to sParch the next I-picture in the bitstream.
The decoder thus extracts the DC ~ of I-pictures from the input bitstream. Said ~ r;: ,~t` are subjected to inverse . and then stored in memory 15 14 (sPe Fig.3). Edch DC coefficient represents the average luminance or value of an 8~8 pixel block and constitutes one pixel of a sub-picture. Decoders 16..18 are simple because motion , circuitry is redundant, and because ~idbl~ l~.oal decoders merely ne~d to decode a restrictPd set of ~idbL~ ' , ' . ' . Moreover, as the sub-pictures are both spatiaUy and temporally reducPd, the of the mosaic signal Em2û re~uires a very low bitrate.
Fig.4 shows a fourth ~ _b~ ' of the t~ This ~ ' differs from the third in that the received trarlsport strPam TS1 includes, for each elementary signal E1..E3, a low-bitrate auxiliary elementary strPam Ela..E3a conveying a lu.. .~
version of the associated elementary str_am. More ~li~ula~ly~ each auxiliary elementary 25 stream may comprise the DC c~- rr- ~ of I-pictures only, obtained in a manner as already explained with reference to Fig.5. In that case, the auxiliary str_ams Ela..E3a are both spatiaUy and temporally reduced versions of the associated main signal. The low-bitrate stream may also convey a still picture which is . I - - ~. t. . ;`l ;' of tbe progrdm.
A method of: " the linking data in the transport strPam from 30 the transmitter wiU now be given. As disclosed in the MPEG2 systems standard, transport packets are labelled with a packet identifier (PID), which identifies the elementary stream the packet belongs to. One or more elementary streams make up a program having a program number. A typical program may contain three elementary streams: audio, video and data.
The joining of several e I.,.~ streams into a program is performed by generating an .

w0 9512L~794 2 l 8 7 7 ~ ~. 5.

entry in a progr~un association table which is L-~l~.l.i.t~l in transport packets having a ' PID. The prograun association table contains, for each program, its program number and the PID of transport packets carrying a program map table. The prograun map tab~e includes a list of the elementary streams making up the program, and their respeetive 5 PlDs. The program map table may further contain other r - about each elementary stream. Said; r", ;.,., is i ' in the form of so-called IP~iprlr~
In an ~ l ' of the invention, the mosaic picture is transmitted as a program . . ~ the elementary strPam Em and, if desired, an audio elementary stream as well. Tne associated linking data is i ' by using a descriptor in the program table lO as mentioned above. The descriptor is designated mosaic_picture_descriptor. An example of relevant syntax in the program map table is shown in the following Table I:
mosaie pieture des.,,i,ulùr dt~ JIul tag 8 uimsbf desc,iuLur length 8 uimsbf horizontal p~,liliun;.,g 4 uimsbf vertieal pa~ iùl,;.lg 4 uimsbf for (i=O;i<n;i++){
program number 16 uimsbf Table I
Herein, the parameters descriptor_tag and descriptor_length specify the type and length, lc~Li~ , of the deseriptor. The parameters horizontal I ~ and vcrtieal~ ~ indicate how many sub-pictures are ' ' in the mosaic l5 pieture. The for-clause in the syntax indieates whieh program number is assigned to each sub-pieture, ~e sub-pietures being ordered, for example, from left to right and from top to bottom.
Fig.6 shows a first ~ ~ ' of a television receiver according to the inventio~. The receiver comprises a ~' "i' 40, an MPEG audio de~oder 41, a 20 1 ' ' 42, an MPEG video de~oder 43, a display screen 44, a IllI~,lUIJllJ~.Wi~Ul 4~ and a remote eontrol deviee 46. The d ,~ 40 receivcs one or more MPEG2 transport streams TS, each, , ~ a plurality of digital television programs. In a manner known per se, the Illh~lU~lU~..i~Ol 4~ applics to said ~ ' paeket identifiers PID identifying the eler~entary audio stream A amd the elementary video stream V of a desircd program, as 25 well as the PID of the packets comprising linking data L. The selected audio stream A is woss/2s7s4 2 1 8 7 7 9 6 1~11.

decoded by MPEG audio decoder 41 and lC~ ' by I ' 41. The selected video strcam V is decoded by MPEG video decoder 43 and l~ ' ' on display scrcen 44. The linking data L is applied to Illlk,lU~.llUC~,..~JI 45.
The operation of the television rcceiver will now be elucidated with 5 reference to a flowchart shown in Fig.8. In a step 50, the r receives from theremote control unit a request to display the mosaic picture. 1~ a step 51, it is checkcd whether such a mosaic picture is present in the transport stream TS. This check comprises the reception of the program map table and the analysis of whether or not a mosaic picture descriptor is ~: ' ' therein. The rcceiver thus ~ y 10 ascert, ins whether or not a mosaic picture is ' in the transport strcam. If a mosaic picture is not available, the program executes a ~ ;, 52 to allow the user to select a desired television program im a w~ unàl manner.
If a mosaic picture is foui-ld to be available, a step 53 is performed in which the processor applies the PID of the mosaic elementary video strcam to the15 ~ At this stage, the receiver displays the mos_ic picture. In a step 54, the r - derives the number of ' ~;~,t~_lCs from the parameters horizontal_r_ _ ai-ld vertical_~ in the program map table (see Table 1).
Using cursor keys on his remote control devicc, the user may now move a cursor on the display screcn and select one of the sub-pictures displayed thereon. In a step 20 55, the u~lu~l reads the cursor . " and scans the program map table (see Table 1) for the associated program number. In a step 56, the PlDs of the ~' y audio and video strcams associated with said program number are applied to the ~ Theselected television program is now being received. The l...~lUylU~UI program returns to step 50 so as to await a new request for displaying the mosaic picture.
Fig.7 shows a second ~ b~ ' of a television re~-eiver according to the invention. The receiver differs from the first l ' " iu that it comprisc-s a further MPEG video decoder 47 and a video switch 48. The further decoder receives the ~-' y stream Em , E, the mosaic signal. The decoder also receives from U~ UI 45 the . ' X,Y of the ~ ' p;~,l~c which has been pointed at by the user. While the first 30 decoder 43 decodes and displays the selected program, the further decoder 47 receives the mosaic strcam Em. The further decodel- determines for each ~ ' ~ ' in the ~ ..~y strcam Em whether it belongs to the sub-picture having the ' X,Y. If that is thecase, the ll.a.,lùblOck is decoded and the pixels obtained are applied to video switch 48. The . .

wo ss/2s7s4 2 l 8 7 7 9 6 sub-picture being ~ '; of the selected program is thus cut OUI and displayed as a pic~ure-in-picture .
This e l ' is IKuL~,ul~ly ad~. , when the mosaic signal conveys a picture which is 1 ~ of the associated program. For e~ample, if the 5 Oprah Winfrey show is being broadcast, the associated (still) sub-picture on the mosaic screen may show a ~' " ' of Oprah Winfrey. At any time, the user can deduce from the mosaic picture that the show is being broadcast, even if the show is L~ uily interrupted for TV, ' By cutting out the (still) sub-picture and displaying it for some period of time, confusion is avoided as to whether or not the displayed program ~ I) is10 indeed the selected program (the Oprah Winfrey show).
In summary, the ~ ' of this invention is the ' of digit.,l television by which a large number of programs is broadcast in a single physical channel. As it is difficult for the viewer to get an overview of the services provided, different kinds of "Electronic Program Guides" or "Channel Navigation Syskms" are envisaged for the future.
15 The invention relates to a very simple system of this type. The method according to the invention is MPEG2-based and includes the i (in a separate program of a transport stream) of a video stream ~r " ,, a mosaic picture, the sub-pictures of which are miniature versions of the video stream of other programs in that tranrlport stream. The method further includes the; of r '' which lin~s the position of each sub-20 picture within the mosaic picture with the program number from which the sub-picture is derived. The mosaic picture and the linking ' are then used for a simple navigation system.
In general terms, the navigation system functions as follows. The user is watching a certain program and wishes to vatch something else. He then switches to the 25 mosaic program, which can be told from the other programs e.g. by the presence of the mosaic picture descriptor in its program definition. After locating in the mosaic picture the program he wishes to watch, the user sends a command to the channel navigation system irlforming it of the location of the ~ ' g sub-picture in the mosaic picture. 'fhis can be done e.g. by 'pointing and clicking'. The channel navigation system then translates that 30 positiorl into a program number using e.g. the ' provided in the mosaic picture dr~nr~inn Finally, the channel navigation system sends a request to the '~' to select that program.

Claims (17)

Claims
1. A television transmitter for transmitting a plurality of video signals via a common channel, each video signal having a program number, the transmitter being adapted to:
generate a mosaic video signal comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals;
generate data linking the position of each sub-picture on a display screen with the program number of the associated video signal, and transmit said mosaic video signal and linking data through said common channel.
2. A television transmitter for transmitting a plurality of digital video signals, each signal being transform-coded into a respective elementary bitstream, the transmitter comprising:
means for composing a mosaic picture comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals;
means for encoding said mosaic picture as a further elementary bitstream;
means for transmitting said further elementary bitstream, and means for transmitting data linking the position of each sub-picture within the mosaic picture with the associated video signal.
3. A transmitter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, in which at least one of the sub-pictures is characteristic of the television program conveyed by the associated video signal.
4. A transmitter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the sub-pictures are characteristic for respective programs scheduled for later transmission, and the linking data includes scheduling data for programming the receiver to automatically display or record said scheduled programs.
5. A transmitter as claimed in claim 2, wherein said linking data is transmitted by using an MPEG2 descriptor.
6. A transmitter as claimed in claim 2, wherein an elementary bitstream includes autonomously encoded and predictively encoded pictures comprising transform-coded blocks having DC-coefficients, and wherein the means for composing the mosaic picture comprises means for selecting the DC coefficients of autonomously encoded pictures to constitute said sub-picture.
7. A television receiver for receiving and displaying a plurality of video signals and a mosaic video signal comprising a plurality of sub-pictures each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals, each video signal having a program number and the mosaic signal including data linking the position of each sub-picture on screen with the program number of the associated video signal, the receiver comprising a display screen, a pointing device, means for receiving the linking data and decoding the program number of a video signal represented by the position of the sub-picture being displayed and pointed at by the pointing device, and adapted to select said video signal for display.
8. A television receiver for receiving digital video signals being transform-coded into elementary bitstreams, a plurality of elementary bitstreams being multiplexed into a transport stream, one of said bitstreams representing a mosaic picture comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, the receiver comprising:
means for receiving and decoding an elementary bitstream for display on a display screen;
means for receiving and decoding data linking the position of each sub-picture of the mosaic picture with the associated video signal;
user-controlled pointing means for selecting a sub-picture from a displayed mosaic picture, and control means adapted to identify the video signal linked with the selected sub-picture, and to cause the receiving and decoding means to receive and decode the elementary bitstream representing said video signal.
9. A receiver as claimed in claim 7 or 8, further comprising means for deriving the selected sub-picture from the mosaic signal and means for simultaneously displaying the selected sub-picture and the associated video signal for a predetermined period of time after selecting said video signal.
10. A receiver as claimed in claim 8, wherein said linking data is received in the form of an MPEG2 descriptor, and wherein the control means are adapted to detect the reception of said descriptor and to receive and display, in response to said detection, the elementary bitstream representing the mosaic video signal.
11. A method of transmitting a plurality of video signals via a common channel, each video signal having a program number, the method comprising the steps of:
generating a mosaic video signal comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals;
generating linking data defining the position of each sub-picture on a display screen and the program number of the corresponding video signal, and transmitting said mosaic video signal and linking data through said common channel.
12. A method of transmitting a plurality of digital video signals, each signal being transform-coded into a respective elementary bitstream, the method comprising the steps of:
composing a mosaic picture comprising a sub-picture for each a plurality of video signals;
encoding said mosaic picture as a further elementary bitstream;
transmitting said further elementary bitstream, and transmitting data linking each sub-picture within the mosaic picture with the associated video signal.
13. A method of receiving and displaying a plurality of video signals and a mosaic video signal comprising a plurality of sub-pictures each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals, each video signal having a program number and the mosaic signal including data linking the position of each sub-picture on screen with the program number of the associated video signal, the method comprising the steps of receiving the linking data and decoding the program number of a video signal represented by the position of the sub-picture being displayed and pointed at by the pointing device, and selecting said 11a video signal for display.
14. A television signal including a plurality of video signals each having a program number, and a mosaic video signal comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals, and further including linking data defining the position of each sub-picture on a display screen and the program number of the corresponding video signal.
15. An MPEG2 television signal including a plurality of digital video signals, each signal being transform-coded into a respective elementary bitstream, a further elementary bitstream representing a mosaic picture comprising a plurality of sub-pictures, each sub-picture representing one of said plurality of video signals, and linking data for linking each sub-picture within the mosaic picture with the associated video signal.
16. A signal as claimed in claim 15, wherein said linking data is transmitted by using an MPEG2 descriptor.
17. A signal as claimed in claim 15 or 16, wherein the respective elementary bitstreams include autonomously encoded and predictively encoded pictures comprising transform coded blocks having DC-coefficients, and wherein the further elementary bitstream comprises the DC coefficients of said autonomously encoded pictures.
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