CA2222233A1 - Rectal plug and method of introducing same into a slaughtered animal - Google Patents

Rectal plug and method of introducing same into a slaughtered animal Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2222233A1
CA2222233A1 CA002222233A CA2222233A CA2222233A1 CA 2222233 A1 CA2222233 A1 CA 2222233A1 CA 002222233 A CA002222233 A CA 002222233A CA 2222233 A CA2222233 A CA 2222233A CA 2222233 A1 CA2222233 A1 CA 2222233A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
acid
gum
composition
group
flour
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002222233A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Steven L. Anderberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
StarchTech Inc
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2222233A1 publication Critical patent/CA2222233A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22BSLAUGHTERING
    • A22B5/00Accessories for use during or after slaughtering
    • A22B5/0094Cutting or blocking the rectum of a carcass, e.g. for avoiding fecal contamination
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A22BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
    • A22CPROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
    • A22C21/00Processing poultry

Abstract

Fecal leakage and contamination from the vent opening of an animal carcass during slaughtering and processing is eliminated by injecting a highly viscous material comprising a mixture of food grade constituents through the vent opening so as to create a self-adhering plug in the lower colon and rectum of the animal. The plug material preferably comprises a blended mixture of water, gum, modified food starch and a preservative whose viscosity is in the range of from about 220,000 centipoise to 480,000 centipoise. Being formed from food grade constituents, the offal can safely be harvested and used in animal feed as a by-product of the meat processing operation.

Description

CA 02222233 1997-11-2~

W O96/37110 PCTrUS96/07261 RECTAL PLUG AND METHOD OF
INTRODUCING SAME INTO A SLAU~l~ED ANIMAL
BACKGROUND OF THE lNv~N-lION
I.- F;el~ of the Invention: This invention relates generally to meat and poultry processing, and more particularly to a material, method and apparatus for inhibiting fecal cont~m;n~tion of the meat during slaughter and evisceration of ~n;m~ls whose meat is intended for hllm~n consumption.
II. D;scll~sion of the Pr;or ~t: A prime concern in the processing of meat ~n;m~ls is ~e~ellting fecal material which is present in the ~n;m~l's rectum and intestines at the time of slaughter from leaking onto the carcass and causing contamination. Such contamination can result in the failure of the slaughtered animal to meet U.S.
Department of Agriculture (USDA) health inspection standards. Areas of the animal subjected to fecal cont~m;n~tion must be excised and discarded, resulting in a financial loss to the processor and to the grower.
In a typical poultry processing line, the birds have their throats cut and are mounted head down on a moving chain conveyor as the blood is allowed to drain. Next, the birds are placed in scalding water to loosen the feathers and then are run through a mechanical feather picking machine. Subsequently, the birds are eviscerated. Fecal contamination can result during the defeathering and evisceration steps due to compressive forces to which the ~n;m~lS are subjected, such as by the defeathering machine.
These compressive forces may squeeze the intestines, thereby forcing fecal matter out through the anal opening.

In the Neal et al. patent U.S. 5,083,975, there is described a method for addressing the problem of ~ecal matter leakage from an animal carcass during slaughtering and processing thereof. In accordance with the Neal l975 patent, Krazy-Glue~ cyanoacrylate adhesive is applied to the vent opening or anus of the animal carcass. The W O96~7110 PCTrUS96/07261 adhesive bonds the tissue of the vent together so as to seal the opening. While the method described in that prior art patent proved e~fective for preventing leakage o~ ~ecal matter,-because cyanoacrylate adhesive is considered toxic, the offal could not be approved for use in dog food or the like.
SUMMARY OF THE lNV~NlION
In accordance with the present invention, immediately a~ter the animal is killed and suspended from a moving chain conveyor, a measured quantity, which varies depending on ~njm~l size, of a highly viscous ~ood grade material is injected into the anus or cloacal vent of the animal which acts as a rectal plug, preventing outflow of fecal matter.
Testing results show the accidental cutting by workers on the eviscerating line as the entrails are removed, thus eliminating the deposit of fecal matter on the ~n;m~l which can result in ~on~mn~tion by federal inspectors. The plug material is a formulation o~ food grade substances including a thermally stable gum, a modified food starch or other thickener and a preservative that prevents degradation of the plug material prior to use. The apparatus used to inject the plug material may comprise a piston pump, a peristaltic roller pump or other type of device capable o~ extruding a measured quantity of the plug material on each actuation thereof suf~icient to effect sealing of the anal opening or vent, but without causing rupture o~ the large intestine. A compressed air operated gun having a tip insertable into the anal opening or vent of the ~nim~l and designed to inject a predetermined volume of plug material upon each actuation may also be used.
Without limitation, the gum ingredient may comprise galactom~n~n gums including locust bean gum and guar gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, xanthan gum. The modified ~ood starch ingredient may comprise one or more o~ starches derived from arrowroot, bean, buckwheat, corn, pea, potato, rice, rye, tapioca waxy barley and waxy maize. A variety of preservatives (antimicrobial agents) are also available CA 02222233 1997-11-2~
W O96/37110 PCTrUS96/07261 for use in formulating the plug material in accordance with the present invention. The gum, starch and preservative ingredients will be combined with water such that the resulting product preferably has a viscosity in the range of from 220,000 to 480,000 centipoise.
The plug material of the present invention is safe for use in animal feeds which may be made from by-products (offal) of meat animals.
A further advantage of the invention is that it does not appreciably lose its viscosity when heated, and, thus, it can withstand the poultry scalding stage used in loosening feathers without losing its effectiveness as a vent seal.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The present invention comprises a rectal plug formed as a blend of viscous food grade material along with a method of injecting the material into the rectum of slaughtered animals to prevent fecal contamination during processing. While the material of the present invention is well suited for use in processing poultry, especially chickens and turkeys, it is also suitable for use in processing other meat ~n;m~ls, including hogs and cattle.
The food grade rectal plug material contains a mixture of water, one or more gums selected for their viscosity and thermal properties, modified ~ood starch as a thickener and a suitable preservative.
With no limitation intended, appropriate gums may be selected from agar, carrageenan, and galactom~nn~n gums, such as locust bean gum and guar gum. Guar gum, itself, is non-gelling and may be used as a viscosity builder and water binder. Guar gum interacts synergistically with xanthan gum, affording an increase in solution viscosity.
Alternative gums may be selected from the class re~erred to as exudate gums with gum tragacanth being preferred because of its high viscosity property and its stability to heat.
As mentioned, other ingredients used in formulating W O96/37110 PCTAUSg6/07261 the rectal plug material include modified food starches and preservatives. Suitable candidates ~or each are as ~ollows:
Modified Food Starches Arrowroot ~ea~
Buckwheat Corn Pea Potato Rice Rye Tapioca Waxy Barley Waxy Maize Wheat Combinations o~ the Above Preservat;ves (~ntimicrobial Agents) Acetic Acid Adipic Acid Benzoates Benzoic Acid Citric Acid Coaguable Meat Proteins Dehydroacetic Acid and its sodium salt Fumaric Acid Glucono Delta Lactone Lactic Acid Liquid Smoke Malic Acid Natamycin Nicin Nitrites (can a~fect meat color; use not as likely) O-Phenylphenate, Sodium Salt, Tetra hydrate Parabens Parahydroxy - Benzoic Acid PCTrUS96/07261 Phosphoric Acid Potassium Benzoate Potassium Sorbate Propionates Propionic Acid Sodium Lactate Sodium Diacetate Sorbates Sorbic Acid Succinic Acid Tannic Acid Tartaric Acid Vinegar It may also be found expedient to include other thickeners in the formulation to achieve the desired viscosity for the material. They may include any one or more of the following in combination.
,Other Thickeners Amaranth Flour Carboxymethyl Cellulose Cottonseed Proteins Dairy Proteins Egg Proteins Heat coagulable meat proteins Microcrystalline Cellulose Milo Flour Mustard Flour Oat Flour Peanut Flour Pectin Protein Hydrolysates Soy Proteins Triticale Flour 3 5 Example I:
A mixture comprising 2~ by volume o~ guar gum and 1 =
CA 02222233 1997-11-2~
W O 96/3711V PCTrUS96/07261 xanthan gum, 15~ modified ~ood starch (wheat starch) and 0.5~ propylparaben and the balance water was well blended.
The end product was ~ound to have a viscosity in excess of 220,000-centipoise. Four to six grams of the product was injected through a nozzle into the vents of 200 turkeys.
After bleeding and prior to scalding, defeathering and evisceration thereof. The rectal plug was found to preclude exudation of fecal matter out through the vent during the processing operations.
Example II:
A mixture comprising 7~ by volume of guar gum, 25~
modified food starch (potato starch), 3.5~ of propylparaben as a preservative and the balance water exhibited a viscosity of about 480,000 centipoise. The mixture was placed in a storage container and then later pumped using a piston pump. A tapered nozzle attached to the end of the line was inserted into the anus and rectum of the animal and seated. Four to six grams of the product were injected, the amount being sufficient to permit the plug material to penetrate part way into the colon. When the nozzle was withdrawn, the viscous rectal plug material was found to cling to the inner walls of the intestine and rectum to form a complete seal and no traces of ~ecal matter were found to leak past the seal so as to contaminate the carcass. Even under the heavy impacting forces to which the carcass is subjected by the feather picking equipment, because the plug material is injected well into the colon, no leakage results as may be the case with a surface seal of the type achieved using the method of the Neal '975 patent where tearing of the tissue proximate the vent may destroy its integrity.
This invention has been described herein in considerable detail in order to comply with the Patent Statutes and to provide those skilled in the art with the information needed to apply the novel principles and to construct and use such specialized components as are required. However, it is to be understood that the CA 02222233 1997-11-2~
W O96/37110 PCTrUS96/07261 invention can be carried out by specifically di~erent equipment and devices, and that various modi~ications, both ~ as to the equipment details and operating procedures, can be accomplished without departing from the scope o~ the invention itsel~.
What is claimed is:

Claims (12)

-8-
1. A composition for sealing a body orifice of an animal, said composition comprising a blended mixture of water, gum, modified food starch and a preservative, the mixture exhibiting a viscosity such that when a predetermined volume thereof is injected into the animal's body orifice said volume of mixture will seal said orifice.
2. The composition as in Claim 1 wherein the gum is selected from the group consisting of guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, xanthan gum, carrageenan and mixtures thereof.
3. The composition as in Claim 1 wherein the modified food starch is selected from the group consisting of arrowroot, bean, buckwheat, corn, pea, potato rice, rye, tapioca, waxy barley, waxy maize, wheat and mixtures thereof.
4. The composition as in Claim 1 wherein the preservative is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, adipic acid, benzoates, benzoic acid, citric acid, dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salts, fumaric acid, glucono delta lactone (GDL), lactic acid, liquid smoke, malic acid, natamycin, nicin, O-phenylphenate, parabens, parahydroxy-benzoic acid, phosphoric acid, potassium benzoate, potassium sorbate, propionates, propionic acid, sodium lactate, sodium diacetate, sorbates, sorbic acid, succinic acid, tannic acid, tartaric acid, vinegar and combinations thereof.
5. The composition as in Claim 1 and further including a thickening agent selected from the group consisting of amaranth flour, carboxymethyl cellulose, cottonseed proteins, dairy proteins, micro crystalline cellulose, egg proteins, heat coagulable meat proteins, milo flour, mustard flour, oat flour, peanut flour, pectin, protein hydrolysates, soy proteins, triticale flour and combinations thereof.
6. The composition as in any one of Claims 1-5 wherein said viscosity is in the range of from 220,000 centipoise to 480,000 centipoise.
7. A method for preventing fecal contamination of the carcass during the processing thereof, the improvement comprising:
injecting an effective amount of a blended mixture of food grade materials whose viscosity is in the range of from about 220,000 centipoise to about 480,000 centipoise into the anal opening of the animal following the killing thereof so as to create a plug in the colon blocking egress of fecal matter out through the anal opening.
8. The method as in Claim 7 wherein the mixture is thermally stable blend of water, gum, a modified starch and a preservative.
9. The method as in Claim 8 wherein the mixture includes percentages, 3-7% by volume of gum, 13-25% of modified food starch, 0.5-3.5 percent propylparaben and the balance water.
10. The method as in Claim 8 wherein the gum is selected from the group consisting of guar gum, locust bean gum, gum karaya, gum tragacanth, xanthan gum, carrageenan and mixtures thereof.
11. The method as in Claim 8 wherein the modified food starch is selected from the group consisting of arrowroot, bean, buckwheat, corn, pea, potato, rice, rye, tapioca, waxy barley, waxy maize, wheat and mixtures thereof.
12. The method as in Claim 8 wherein the preservative is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, adipic acid, benzoates, benzoic acid, citric acid, dehydroacetic acid and its sodium salt, fumaric acid, glucono delta lactone (GDL), lactic acid, liquid smoke, malic acid, natamycin, nicin, nitrites, O-phenyl phenate, parabens, parahydroxy-benzoic acid, phosphoric acid, potassium benzoate, potassium sorbate, propionates, propionic acid, sodium lactate, sodium diacetate, sorbates, sorbic acid, succinic acid, tannic acid, tartaric acid, vinegar and combinations thereof.
CA002222233A 1995-05-26 1996-05-20 Rectal plug and method of introducing same into a slaughtered animal Abandoned CA2222233A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/452,005 1995-05-26
US08/452,005 US5494481A (en) 1995-05-26 1995-05-26 Rectal plug and method of introducing same into a slaughtered animal

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2222233A1 true CA2222233A1 (en) 1996-11-28

Family

ID=23794617

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002222233A Abandoned CA2222233A1 (en) 1995-05-26 1996-05-20 Rectal plug and method of introducing same into a slaughtered animal

Country Status (10)

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US (2) US5494481A (en)
EP (1) EP0910249B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1092493C (en)
AT (1) ATE197112T1 (en)
AU (1) AU705000B2 (en)
BR (1) BR9608830A (en)
CA (1) CA2222233A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69610784T2 (en)
RU (1) RU2164370C2 (en)
WO (1) WO1996037110A1 (en)

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US5733185A (en) * 1996-02-28 1998-03-31 Swift-Eckrich, Inc. Method for reducing fecal leakage and contamination during meat processing
US5997911A (en) * 1996-08-27 1999-12-07 Brinton Veterinary Supply, Inc. Composition and method for reducing diarrhea in poultry and swine
US6579469B1 (en) * 1999-10-29 2003-06-17 Closure Medical Corporation Cyanoacrylate solutions containing preservatives
WO2003013261A1 (en) * 2001-08-08 2003-02-20 Thiam Huay Gary Choo Sealing animal carcass orifices
NL1019179C2 (en) 2001-10-16 2003-04-18 Meyn Food Proc Technology Bv Method and device for fattening and cleaning slaughtered poultry hung on the legs.
ATE518553T1 (en) 2001-11-21 2011-08-15 Bracco Diagnostics Inc DEVICE AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING DISCHARGE FROM A PERSON
US6913573B1 (en) * 2003-04-21 2005-07-05 Dominic Anthony Viscomi Positive-pressure rectal incontinence pad
WO2005105198A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-10 E-Z-Em, Inc. Manually operated insufflator
EP1835871B1 (en) * 2004-12-22 2013-05-22 Bracco Diagnostics Inc. System, imaging suite, and method for using an electro-pneumatic insufflator for magnetic resonance imaging
US7806850B2 (en) 2005-10-24 2010-10-05 Bracco Diagnostics Inc. Insufflating system, method, and computer program product for controlling the supply of a distending media to an endoscopic device
US20070190005A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2007-08-16 Playtex Products, Inc. Synergistic preservative systems and their use in cosmetic compositions
US20080139672A1 (en) * 2006-02-14 2008-06-12 Playtex Products, Inc. Synergistic preservative systems and their use in cosmetic compositions
WO2008148175A1 (en) * 2007-06-08 2008-12-11 Jochnic Packaging Co Pty Ltd Sheep plug and cattle plug
PT2848192T (en) 2007-10-15 2022-03-02 Univ Maryland Apparatus and method for use in analyzing a patient's bowel
AU2011331936B2 (en) 2010-11-24 2015-03-05 Bracco Diagnostics Inc. System, device, and method for providing and controlling the supply of a distending media for CT colonography
AU2014263283B2 (en) * 2013-05-06 2018-11-29 Nolchiri Innovations Limited A method of animal processing
NZ703402A (en) * 2014-12-24 2015-10-30 Ovine Automation Ltd A bunging mixture and apparatus for delivering same to an animal carcass
NL2016862B1 (en) 2016-05-31 2017-12-11 Humboldt Bv Method and device for detaching and enclosing the outer end of the rectum of a carcass.

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5494481A (en) 1996-02-27
AU5799696A (en) 1996-12-11
BR9608830A (en) 1999-12-07
CN1185720A (en) 1998-06-24
USRE36994E (en) 2000-12-19
CN1092493C (en) 2002-10-16
DE69610784T2 (en) 2001-03-08
RU2164370C2 (en) 2001-03-27
DE69610784D1 (en) 2000-11-30
WO1996037110A1 (en) 1996-11-28
EP0910249A1 (en) 1999-04-28
ATE197112T1 (en) 2000-11-15
MX9708986A (en) 1998-10-31
EP0910249A4 (en) 1999-04-28
AU705000B2 (en) 1999-05-13
EP0910249B1 (en) 2000-10-25

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