CA2241020A1 - Apparatus with reduced a/d dynamic range requirement in a compensating feedback system - Google Patents

Apparatus with reduced a/d dynamic range requirement in a compensating feedback system Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2241020A1
CA2241020A1 CA002241020A CA2241020A CA2241020A1 CA 2241020 A1 CA2241020 A1 CA 2241020A1 CA 002241020 A CA002241020 A CA 002241020A CA 2241020 A CA2241020 A CA 2241020A CA 2241020 A1 CA2241020 A1 CA 2241020A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
signal
amplifier
source
analog
distortion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
CA002241020A
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French (fr)
Inventor
Ed Twitchell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Harris Corp
Original Assignee
Harris Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Harris Corp filed Critical Harris Corp
Publication of CA2241020A1 publication Critical patent/CA2241020A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/32Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion
    • H03F1/3241Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits
    • H03F1/3247Modifications of amplifiers to reduce non-linear distortion using predistortion circuits using feedback acting on predistortion circuits
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03FAMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/57Separate feedback of real and complex signals being present

Abstract

An apparatus for compensating signal distortion via use of a feedback path, withreduced analog to digital conversion capacity requirements. In one embodiment, the apparatus is part of a transmission system which has an analog amplifier that distorts an information signal. Prior to the amplification, the information signal is provided in a digital format, processed digitally, and converted to analog for input to the amplifier. A sample signal is coupled off of output of the amplifier and supplied along the feedback path. An analog-to-digital converter is located along the feedback path. A pre-distortion corrector is at the end of the feedback path. The pre-distortion corrector operates upon the source information using feedback data indicative of the amplifier distortion. The information signal is pre-distorted to compensate for the distortion of the amplifier. A summation device is located along the feedback path, upstream of the analog-to-digital converter

Description

H6479, ~278 APPARATUS WITH REDUCED A~D DYNAMIC RANGE REQUIREMENT IN A
COMPENSATING FEEDBACK SYSTEM
The present invention is generally directed to a data Llans~l system and is particularly directed to a feedback portion of the system used to correct distortion generated within an amplifier.
Various data co.~ hon system require amplification of the information signal.
5 Typically, the information data stream is created or provided in a digital format and is converted to an analog signal. The analog signal is then provided as an input to a high-power amplifier. The amplifier distorts the signal.
One method of correcting the distorting effect of the amplifier is to pre-distort the signal prior to supplying the signal as an input to the amplifier. In order to pre-distort the 0 signal, the output of the amplifier is sampled to determine whether the pre-distortion of the signal accurately compensates for the distorting effect of the amplifier and, if necessary, to adjust the pre-distortion in order to improve the compensation. A feedback line is coupled off from the amplifier out for carrying a sample along a feedback path.
At the end of the feedback path is a device for making the determinations and 15 adjustments regarding the pre-distortion. The determination/adjustment device operates is a digital format. Accordingly, the feedback sample signal is ~Ollv~l L~d from an analog format (as occurs at the output of the amplifier) to a digital format. An analog-to-digital converter is located along the feedback path to accomplish the conversion. The analog-to-digital converter must have a sllffi~ i~ntly large bandwidth and dynamic range to accommodate the 20 signal input to the analog-to-digital converter such that data is not lost.
The present invention includes an apparatus for compensating distortion generated in an amplifier of a data Llal~l system, the system providing a digital source-based signal, coll~di~ lg source information data, and converting the source-based signal from digital to analog for input to the amplifier, and the amplifier providing an analog output signal 25 COllldillillg a source-based portion and an amplifier distortion portion, said apparatus comprising sampler means for sampling the output signal of the amplifier and for supplying a sample signal indicative of the output sign~l along a feedback path, converter means located along the feedback path for converting an inputted signal from analog to digital, corrector means at the end of the feedback path for operating upon the source information using 30 feedback data indicative of the amplifier distortion portion of the amplifier output signal, and remover means located along the feedback path upstream of said converter means for removing the source-based portion from the sample signal and for providing the sample H6479, 6-278 signal colllai~ g only the amplifier distortion portion to said c~llv~lLel means for c~llvel~ion to digital.
Conveniently, the system provides a digital source-based signal, which contains source ~ ollnaLion data. The system converts the source-based signal from digital to analog 5 for input to the amplifier. The amplifier provides an analog output signal Collldi.lillg a source-based portion and an amplifier distortion portion. The appalallls includes sampler means for sampling the output signal of the amplifier and for supplying a sample signal indicative of the output signal along a feedback path.
Advantageously, the conv~ means, located along the feedback path, converts an 0 inputted signal from analog to digital. Corrector means, at the end of the feedback path, operates upon the source information using feedback data indicative of the amplifier distortion portion of the amplifier output signal. Remover means, located along the feedback path upstream of the converter means, removes the source-based portion from the sample signal and provides the sample signal ~:ollLdil~illg only the amplifier distortion portion to the 5 converter means for conversion to digital.
The invention will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of an appalal~ls; and Fig. 2 is a s~h~m~*c illustration of an example device for pre-distorting an,, ~lmaLion 20 signal within the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 shows an appalal~Ls 10 for compensating signal distortion via use of a feedback path, with reduced analog to digital conversion capacity requirements. An information signal is provided, in digital format, from a data signal source 12 to the apparatus 10. The source 12 may be any suitable source, such as a portion of a high definition television (HDTV) 25 transmitter system.
HDTV systems have large data rates, and have high error prevention/eradicating measures. In a preferred embodiment, the apparatus 10 according to the present invention is part of a solution directed to the error prevention/eradicating measures within a HDTV
system. H~rell~l~l, where applopliate, the apparatus 10 is discussed in the ellvi.ol~llent of 30 a HDTV system to help illustrate the present invention.
Within the apparatus 10, the information signal from the source 12 is provided to a pre-distortion corrector 14. The pre-distortion corrector 14 operates to pre-distort the information signal for purposes which are described below. The pre-distorted information signal is provided to a digital-to-analog ~ v~l L~l (DAC) 16 for conversion to analog format.

H6479, 6-278 The, now analog, pre-distorted information signal is passed through a low-pass filter 18 to remove alias components.
The information signal (analog, filtered, pre-distorted) is up converted by an up converter 20, which is driven by a local oscillator 22. After up-conversion, the information 5 signal (up-converted, analog, etc.) is provided to a transmitter 24 of the HDTV system.
Within the transmitter 24, a high-power amplifier 26 amplifies the information signal and provides the amplified signal to an antenna 28 for broadcast transmi~cion thefeLo~
As an unwanted effect resulting from the information signal amplification process within the amplifier 26, the signal is distorted by the amplifier 26. The pre-distortion of the 0 information signal by the pre-distortion corrector 14 compensates for the distortion caused by the amplifier 26. In order to determine the pre-distortion which should be imposed onto the information signal, and to monitor the effectiveness of the pre-distortion, an analog sample signal is coupled off by a device 30 at the output of the amplifier 26 and provided onto a line defining the feedback path.
Along the feedback path, the sample signal is down converted by a down converter32, which is driven by the same local oscillator 22 driving the up converter 20. At this point along the feedback path (i.e., the output of the down Collvt~H~l 32) the feedback sample signal is analog, and contains a pre-distorted information portion and an ampl~fier-caused distortion portion. The output of the down converter 32 is connected to a first input 34 of a summation 20 device 36. The first input 34 is a subtracting input and, the feedback sample signal is provided as a negative quantity to a ~IIIIIIIIillg function within the summation device 36.
CollLiuuil~g along the feedback path, the output 38 of the summation device 36 is provided to an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 40 which converts an inputted signal to digital format. The output of the analog-to-digital converter 40 is a digital format signal 25 which is supplied to the pre-distortion corrector 14. Within the pre-distortion corrector 14, the digital format signal provided by the analog-to-digital converter 40 is analyzed to de~rmin~ whether the amplifier-caused distortion is compensated.
The pre-distortion corrector 14 of the apparatus is along a data stream. The pre-distortion of the subsequent incoming information signals from the source 12 is based upon 30 determinations regarding compensation against amplifier-caused distortion of previous information signals (i.e., the effectiveness of the pre-distortion of the previous information signals).
Systems, such as the HDTV system, which have a relatively large data bit rate must have components which can handle the bit rate. Specifically, in order to effectively adapt to H6479, 6-278 the distortion caused by the amplifier 26, the analog-to-digital converter 40 must be able to accommodate the bandwidth and dynamic range for the signal input thereto.
In order to reduce the bandwidth and range requirements for the analog-to-digital converter 40, the summation device 36 operates to remove the pre-distorted information 5 portion of the feedback sample signal. Specifically, a variable delay device 44 is connected between the output of the low-pass filter 18 (i.e., coupled-off from the data stream) and a positive, second input 46 of the sllmm~tion device 36, such that the information signal is provided to the second input of the summation device. The delay device 44 "holds" the information signal for a period of time before the delay device provides the, . ~olmaLon signal 0 to the summation device 36.
The time delay imposed upon the i.~lll~Lion signal is such that the signal provided at the second, positive input 46 of the summation device 36 is in "sync" with the feedback sample signal provided at the first, subtracting input 34 of the summation device, with regard to the ~I[ollllalion portion contained within the two provided signals. The feedback sample 15 signal provided to the summation device 36 is the amplifier-distorted version of the information signal which is ~imlllt~neously provided to the summation device. The time delay imposed by the delay device 44 is variable to accommodate time variations in the up-conversion, amplification, and down-conversion processes.
Within the summation device 36, the two inputs are "added" (i.e., the "negative 20 quantity" sample signal is added to the information signal). Accordingly, the source data portion is removed from the sample signal and the r~ g portion of the sample signal (i.e., the portion containing the distortion caused by the amplifier 26) is provided at the output 38. In the illustrated embodiment, the remaining portion signal provided at the output 38 is a negative quantity. Providing the output 38 as a negative quantity is useful 25 downstream in the pre-distortion corrector 14 (e.g., for comparison via subtraction). It will be appreciated that the a di~rent type of summation device 36 could be used such that the ~ollllaLion signal would be subtracted from the sample signal and the output 38 would have a positive quantity.
Only the distortion portion (caused by the amplifier 26) of the sample signal is30 converted to a digital format at the analog-to-digital ~:Ol-V~l t~l 40. The need for the analog-to-digital converter 40 to have a bandwidth and dynamic range necessary to convert both the pre-distorted source data signal and the distortion caused by the amplifier 26 is obviated.
Accordingly, the "size" of the analog-to-digital co~velt~r 40 is chosen to accommodate only the amplifier-caused distortion portion of the feedback sample signal, and analog-to-digital H6479, 6-278 converter 40 does not have the additional capacity to handle conversion of the pre-distorted information portion of the feedback sample signal.
An example of the components within the pre-distortion corrector 14 is shown in Fig.
2. The example pre-distortion corrector 14 includes a real-to-complex converter 50, a 5 summation device 52, and a complex-to-real converter 54 along the data stream. At the feedback path, the pre-distortion corrector 14 includes a real-to-complex collv~ r 56 and an adaptive linear correction algol;llllll 58. The operations of the summation device 52 and the correction algolillllll 58 are in the complex domain (I and Q).
The real-to-complex collvel l~l 50 provides a first input to the summation device 52, 0 and also supplies the incoming information to the correction algorithm 58. Within the correction algolilhlll 58, the distortion caused by the amplifier 26 is analyzed and an appropriate correction value is provided. In one preferred embodiment of the correction algolill,lll 58, a look-up table is provided which contains correction values, and a correction value is selected from the table. The appropliate correction value is provided as a second 15 input to the sl]mm~tion device 52. A corrected or pre-distorted information signal is output from the summation device 52.
An apparatus for compensating signal distortion via use of a feedback path, withreduced analog to digital conversion capacity requirements. In one embodiment, the apparatus is part of a tran~mi~inn system which has an analog amplifier that distorts an 20 ill[olmaLion signal. Prior to the amplification, the information signal is provided in a digital format, processed digitally, and converted to analog for input to the amplifier. A sample signal is coupled off of output of the amplifier and supplied along the feedback path. An analog-to-digital converter is located along the feedback path. A pre-distortion corrector is at the end of the feedback path. The pre-distortion corrector operates upon the source 25 ~ I ~l ll ~ lion using feedback data indicative of the amplifier distortion. The information signal is pre-distorted to compensate for the distortion of the amplifier. A summation device is located along the feedback path, upstream of the analog-to-digital converter.

Claims (8)

1. An apparatus for compensating distortion generated in an amplifier of a data transfer system, the system providing a digital source-based signal, containing source information data, and converting the source-based signal from digital to analog for input to the amplifier, and the amplifier providing an analog output signal containing a source-based portion and an amplifier distortion portion, said apparatus comprising sampler means for sampling the output signal of the amplifier and for supplying a sample signal indicative of the output signal along a feedback path, converter means located along the feedback path for converting an inputted signal from analog to digital, corrector means at the end of the feedback path for operating upon the source information using feedback data indicative of the amplifier distortion portion of the amplifier output signal, and remover means located along the feedback path upstream of said converter means for removing the source-based portion from the sample signal and for providing the sample signal containing only the amplifier distortion portion to said converter means for conversion to digital.
2. An apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said remover means includes a device which receives two inputs, the first input is the sample signal which contains the source-based portion and the amplifier distortion portion, the second input is the source-based signal, said device includes means for subtracting one of the inputs from the other one of the inputs.
3. An apparatus as claimed in claim 2, including source-based signal means for providing the second input to said device, in which said source-based signal means includes means coupled into a data stream upstream of the amplifier.
4. An apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein said source-based signal means includes delay means for time delaying the source-based signal for a period of time.
5. An apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein said delay means includes means for delaying the source-based signal such that the source-based signal provided as the second input of the device corresponds with the sample signal provided as the first input of the device with regard to the information portion contained within the two provided signals.
6. An apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the sample signal provided as the first input of said device is the amplifier-distorted version of the source-based signal simultaneously provided as the second input of said device.
7. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein said device is asummation device.
8. An apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said converter means has a conversion capacity sufficient to accommodate conversion of the sample signal containing only the amplifier distortion portion, and insufficient to accommodate the sample signal containing the information based portion and the amplifier distortion portion.
CA002241020A 1997-06-30 1998-06-19 Apparatus with reduced a/d dynamic range requirement in a compensating feedback system Abandoned CA2241020A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/885,373 1997-06-30
US08/885,373 US5917373A (en) 1997-06-30 1997-06-30 Apparatus with reduced A/D dynamic range requirement in a compensating feedback system

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CA2241020A1 true CA2241020A1 (en) 1998-12-30

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US (1) US5917373A (en)
EP (1) EP0889582A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH1141035A (en)
KR (1) KR19990007494A (en)
AU (1) AU742469B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2241020A1 (en)

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KR100374828B1 (en) * 2000-09-15 2003-03-04 엘지전자 주식회사 Adaptive predistortion transmitter
JP2002111401A (en) * 2000-10-03 2002-04-12 Fujitsu Ltd Signal distortion compensation apparatus and signal distortion compensation method
KR100414075B1 (en) * 2001-12-24 2004-01-07 엘지전자 주식회사 Error compensation apparatus and method for aqm
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JP4641715B2 (en) * 2003-11-14 2011-03-02 富士通株式会社 Distortion compensation apparatus and radio base station
KR100646855B1 (en) * 2005-10-07 2006-11-23 한국전자통신연구원 Apparatus and method of nonlinear distortion correction using characteristics modeling of high power amplifier
JP4611926B2 (en) * 2006-03-31 2011-01-12 日本無線株式会社 Amplifier predistortion compensation circuit
US8548091B2 (en) * 2007-12-21 2013-10-01 Apple Inc. Measuring and correcting errors in a transmit chain with an IQ up-converter and IQ down-converter
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US8428525B2 (en) * 2011-06-08 2013-04-23 Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) Predistorter for a multi-antenna transmitter
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KR19990007494A (en) 1999-01-25
JPH1141035A (en) 1999-02-12
US5917373A (en) 1999-06-29
AU742469B2 (en) 2002-01-03
AU7394898A (en) 1999-01-07
EP0889582A1 (en) 1999-01-07

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FZDE Discontinued