CA2242558C - Water-based offset lithographic printing ink - Google Patents
Water-based offset lithographic printing ink Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2242558C CA2242558C CA002242558A CA2242558A CA2242558C CA 2242558 C CA2242558 C CA 2242558C CA 002242558 A CA002242558 A CA 002242558A CA 2242558 A CA2242558 A CA 2242558A CA 2242558 C CA2242558 C CA 2242558C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- ink
- pigment
- water
- present
- amount
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
Abstract
A water-based offset lithographic printing ink comprising water; a macromolecular binder which: (i) is optionally present and is of the type which is water-soluble, regardless of the pH of the water phase, (ii) is present and is of the type which is water-soluble only at a pre-determined pH value, or (iii) is optionally present and is an aqueous emulsion; a pigment; and a re-wetting agent. A non ionic surfactant may also be present in the ink.
Description
WATER-BASED OFFSET LITHOGRAPHIC PRINTING INK
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to water-based ink compositions for use in offset lithographic printing processes. The water-based ink compositions of the invention contain water, one or more macromolecular binders, a pigment and a re-wetting agent.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In an attempt to eliminate VOC's in the pressroom, -10 water-based alternatives are being sought for ink " formulations. Water-based printing inks for use in flexographic printing processes are known in the prior art. This type of printing process utilizes printing plates wherein the printing images stand up in relief, i.e. the areas to be printed are raised above the non-printing areas. Printing by the flexographic process requires relatively low pressure - sufficient pressure is applied to transfer the ink from the face of the image carrier to the surface of the substrate. Examples of useful water-based flexographic printing inks are disclosed in US Patent 4,173,554 and The Printing Ink Manual, edited by R.H. Leach and R.J. Pierce, pages 571-576, 5th edition, (Blueprint, 1993).
Water-based inks for gravure printing are also well known. In the gravure process, the printing image is engraved into a cylinder in the form of cells which become filled with ink. Printing is achieved by passing the substrate between the gravure cylinder and impression roller under pressure. Examples of useful water-based gravure printing inks are disclosed in US Patents 4,954,556 and 5,098,478.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to water-based ink compositions for use in offset lithographic printing processes. The water-based ink compositions of the invention contain water, one or more macromolecular binders, a pigment and a re-wetting agent.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In an attempt to eliminate VOC's in the pressroom, -10 water-based alternatives are being sought for ink " formulations. Water-based printing inks for use in flexographic printing processes are known in the prior art. This type of printing process utilizes printing plates wherein the printing images stand up in relief, i.e. the areas to be printed are raised above the non-printing areas. Printing by the flexographic process requires relatively low pressure - sufficient pressure is applied to transfer the ink from the face of the image carrier to the surface of the substrate. Examples of useful water-based flexographic printing inks are disclosed in US Patent 4,173,554 and The Printing Ink Manual, edited by R.H. Leach and R.J. Pierce, pages 571-576, 5th edition, (Blueprint, 1993).
Water-based inks for gravure printing are also well known. In the gravure process, the printing image is engraved into a cylinder in the form of cells which become filled with ink. Printing is achieved by passing the substrate between the gravure cylinder and impression roller under pressure. Examples of useful water-based gravure printing inks are disclosed in US Patents 4,954,556 and 5,098,478.
-2-The offset lithographic printing process presents unique challenges to ink formulators since such process utilizes a planographic printing plate, i.e. the image and non-image areas are in the same plane on the image carrier, and two fluids are concurrently utilized.
It is fairly simple to define an image area by raising it above the background as in the case of the flexographic printing plate or lowering it as in the case of the gravure printing plate; avoidance of ink adhering to the non-image area is not too difficult to achieve.
However, when all areas are on the same level, techniques must be utilized to insure that ink adheres only to the image area, and not to the non-image area.
In conventional offset lithographic printing processes, the plate is damped before it is inked with an oil-based ink. Typically, the damping process utilizes a fountain solution such as those described in US patents
It is fairly simple to define an image area by raising it above the background as in the case of the flexographic printing plate or lowering it as in the case of the gravure printing plate; avoidance of ink adhering to the non-image area is not too difficult to achieve.
However, when all areas are on the same level, techniques must be utilized to insure that ink adheres only to the image area, and not to the non-image area.
In conventional offset lithographic printing processes, the plate is damped before it is inked with an oil-based ink. Typically, the damping process utilizes a fountain solution such as those described in US patents
3,877,372, 4,278,467 and 4,854,969. Water will form a film on the hydrophilic areas (i.e. the non-image areas) of the printing plate, but will contract into tiny droplets on the oleophilic areas (i.e. the image areas).
When an inked roller containing the oil-based ink is passed over the damped plate, it will be unable to ink the areas covered by the water film (the non-image areas), but will emulsify the droplets on the water-repellant areas (the image areas) and these will ink up.
Such process is called offset lithography because the inked image on the plate does not directly print onto the paper substrate, but is first "offset" onto a rubber blanket, and transferred therefrom onto the paper substrate.
When an inked roller containing the oil-based ink is passed over the damped plate, it will be unable to ink the areas covered by the water film (the non-image areas), but will emulsify the droplets on the water-repellant areas (the image areas) and these will ink up.
Such process is called offset lithography because the inked image on the plate does not directly print onto the paper substrate, but is first "offset" onto a rubber blanket, and transferred therefrom onto the paper substrate.
4 PCTlUS97/03905 As mentioned above, conventional offset lithographic printing processes entails the use of oil-based inks and water-based fountain solutions. The ink/water balance is critical and is quite demanding of the pressman's skills.
This issue is one of the several disadvantages associated with such printing processes as compared to flexographic and gravure printing processes. Moreover, the oil-based inks and aqueous fountain solutions typically employed in conventional offset lithographic printing processes contain fairly high levels of undesirable volatile organic compounds ("VOCs").
U.S. Patent 3,356,030 discloses the use of a water-based printing ink in respect to a method of planographic printing utilizing a lithographic printing plate whose non-image areas are coated with a cured coating of a thermosetting silicone resin. However, the patented method also entails the use of a volatile hydrocarbon fountain solution which will coat the non-image areas and which is re-applied between successive printings. Of course, the use of a volatile hydrocarbon fountain solution undermines the principal purpose of the water-based ink compositions of the present invention, i.e. the avoidance of the use of volatile organic compounds ("VOCs") during the printing process. Indeed, the water-based ink compositions of the present invention may be used for offset lithographic printing processes without any fountain solution whatsoever.
In the 1980s, a resurgence of interest occurred in respect to "waterless" lithographic printing processes.
Both positive and negative waterless planographic printing plates are commercially available from Toray Industries of Japan. The image area of a waterless planographic plate is a photopolymer similar to that employed for the image area of a conventional plate.
However, the non-image area is coated with a polymer such as a silicone which is ink repellant. Further information about waterless printing plates and processes may be found in U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,370,906 and 5,417,749.
The waterless printing process solved two issues: VOCs emanating from the fountain solutions and control of the ink/water balance by the pressman. However, the difference in surface energy between the image and non-image areas of the conventional offset lithographic printing plate is typically 4 x 10-9 N/cm (40 dynes/cm), and is dramatically reduced to 2 x 10-4 N/cm (20 dynes/cm) in the case of the waterless printing plate.
Therefore the latitude between scumming and poor print density is considerably narrowed and the issue of VOCs (emanating from the oil-based ink) still remains in respect to waterless printing.
German Offenlegungsschrift DE 41 19 348 Al pertains to a moistureless offset printing method and a water-based printing ink. The ink described therein is one which will adhere to hydrophilic materials, but not to hydrophobic materials, and contains a dye, water, 5-50% water-soluble macromolecular binder and a hygroscopic liquid, preferably a multihydric alcohol.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the principal disadvantages of conventional offset lithographic printing inks, viz. high levels of VOCs emanating from the oil-based ink and the aqueous fountain solution and the difficulty in controlling the ink/water balance, while preserving the principal advantage of the conventional lithographic printing process, i.e.
high surface energy differential between the image and non-image areas of the printing plate.
McCarthy Tetrault LLP TDO-RED #8340419 v. 1
This issue is one of the several disadvantages associated with such printing processes as compared to flexographic and gravure printing processes. Moreover, the oil-based inks and aqueous fountain solutions typically employed in conventional offset lithographic printing processes contain fairly high levels of undesirable volatile organic compounds ("VOCs").
U.S. Patent 3,356,030 discloses the use of a water-based printing ink in respect to a method of planographic printing utilizing a lithographic printing plate whose non-image areas are coated with a cured coating of a thermosetting silicone resin. However, the patented method also entails the use of a volatile hydrocarbon fountain solution which will coat the non-image areas and which is re-applied between successive printings. Of course, the use of a volatile hydrocarbon fountain solution undermines the principal purpose of the water-based ink compositions of the present invention, i.e. the avoidance of the use of volatile organic compounds ("VOCs") during the printing process. Indeed, the water-based ink compositions of the present invention may be used for offset lithographic printing processes without any fountain solution whatsoever.
In the 1980s, a resurgence of interest occurred in respect to "waterless" lithographic printing processes.
Both positive and negative waterless planographic printing plates are commercially available from Toray Industries of Japan. The image area of a waterless planographic plate is a photopolymer similar to that employed for the image area of a conventional plate.
However, the non-image area is coated with a polymer such as a silicone which is ink repellant. Further information about waterless printing plates and processes may be found in U.S. Pat.
Nos. 5,370,906 and 5,417,749.
The waterless printing process solved two issues: VOCs emanating from the fountain solutions and control of the ink/water balance by the pressman. However, the difference in surface energy between the image and non-image areas of the conventional offset lithographic printing plate is typically 4 x 10-9 N/cm (40 dynes/cm), and is dramatically reduced to 2 x 10-4 N/cm (20 dynes/cm) in the case of the waterless printing plate.
Therefore the latitude between scumming and poor print density is considerably narrowed and the issue of VOCs (emanating from the oil-based ink) still remains in respect to waterless printing.
German Offenlegungsschrift DE 41 19 348 Al pertains to a moistureless offset printing method and a water-based printing ink. The ink described therein is one which will adhere to hydrophilic materials, but not to hydrophobic materials, and contains a dye, water, 5-50% water-soluble macromolecular binder and a hygroscopic liquid, preferably a multihydric alcohol.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the principal disadvantages of conventional offset lithographic printing inks, viz. high levels of VOCs emanating from the oil-based ink and the aqueous fountain solution and the difficulty in controlling the ink/water balance, while preserving the principal advantage of the conventional lithographic printing process, i.e.
high surface energy differential between the image and non-image areas of the printing plate.
McCarthy Tetrault LLP TDO-RED #8340419 v. 1
-5-Such object has been achieved by means of the water-based printing ink of the invention which comprises a water-based printing ink that is to be used in offset lithographic printing processes without the need for any accompanying fountain solutions.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The printing plates for use with the ink of the present invention should be such that the image areas thereof are hydrophilic in nature, while the non-image areas are hydrophobic in nature. An example of a suitable printing plate is the "waterless" Toray type discussed above. However, the image area of the plate need not contain a photopolymer. The image area of the plate may comprise, e.g. a grained aluminum surface which has no coating thereon, but is hydrophilic in nature.
The non-image area of the plate must, of course, be hydrophobic in nature. However, the non-image area may be covered with any type of hydrophobic material, provided that such hydrophobic material adheres to the non-images area of the plate during the printing process.
The water-based printing ink of the invention comprises the following components:
(a) 25 to 60 wt.%, preferably 35 to 50 wtA, based on thP wPight_ nf the irik, nf water ;_Thit-h ic present as a continuous phase in the ink;
(b) 10 to 70 wt.%, preferably 30 to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the ink, of a macromolecular binder comprising:
(i) macromolecular binders which are soluble 5 in the water phase regardless of the pH of
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The printing plates for use with the ink of the present invention should be such that the image areas thereof are hydrophilic in nature, while the non-image areas are hydrophobic in nature. An example of a suitable printing plate is the "waterless" Toray type discussed above. However, the image area of the plate need not contain a photopolymer. The image area of the plate may comprise, e.g. a grained aluminum surface which has no coating thereon, but is hydrophilic in nature.
The non-image area of the plate must, of course, be hydrophobic in nature. However, the non-image area may be covered with any type of hydrophobic material, provided that such hydrophobic material adheres to the non-images area of the plate during the printing process.
The water-based printing ink of the invention comprises the following components:
(a) 25 to 60 wt.%, preferably 35 to 50 wtA, based on thP wPight_ nf the irik, nf water ;_Thit-h ic present as a continuous phase in the ink;
(b) 10 to 70 wt.%, preferably 30 to 60 wt.%, based on the weight of the ink, of a macromolecular binder comprising:
(i) macromolecular binders which are soluble 5 in the water phase regardless of the pH of
-6-the water phase, present in an amount of 0-wtA, based on the weight of the ink;
and (ii) macromolecular binders which are soluble 5 in the water phase only at a pre-determined pH value (preferably in the range of about 7.5 to about 10), present in an amount of 10-70 wt.%, based on the weight of the ink; and (iii) macromolecular binders comprising aqueous emulsions, present in an amount of 0-20 wt.%, based on the weight of the ink;
(c) a pigment, present in the amount of 2-30 wt.%, preferably 5-20 wtA, based on the weight of the ink; and (d) a re-wetting agent, present in the amount of 0.5-10 wtA, based on the weight of the ink.
Examples of suitable macromolecular binders which are soluble in the water phase of the ink regardless of the pH of the water phase include: carboxymethyl-cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl-cellulose, hydroxybutylmethylcellulose, poly(CI-C4) alkylene oxides, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrollidone, polyvinyl-oxazolidone and polyacrylamide polymers.
Preferably, the macromolecular binders present in the ink are only those macromolecular binders which are soluble in the water phase only at a pre-determined pH
value. Such pH value may be acidic, e.g. about 2.5 to 5 about 6.5, but is preferably in the range of about 7.5 to CA 02242558 1998 07 09 = PCT/US 9 7/ G39 0 5 ! - ~ IPEAIUS 2 9 JAN 1998
and (ii) macromolecular binders which are soluble 5 in the water phase only at a pre-determined pH value (preferably in the range of about 7.5 to about 10), present in an amount of 10-70 wt.%, based on the weight of the ink; and (iii) macromolecular binders comprising aqueous emulsions, present in an amount of 0-20 wt.%, based on the weight of the ink;
(c) a pigment, present in the amount of 2-30 wt.%, preferably 5-20 wtA, based on the weight of the ink; and (d) a re-wetting agent, present in the amount of 0.5-10 wtA, based on the weight of the ink.
Examples of suitable macromolecular binders which are soluble in the water phase of the ink regardless of the pH of the water phase include: carboxymethyl-cellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl-cellulose, hydroxybutylmethylcellulose, poly(CI-C4) alkylene oxides, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylpyrollidone, polyvinyl-oxazolidone and polyacrylamide polymers.
Preferably, the macromolecular binders present in the ink are only those macromolecular binders which are soluble in the water phase only at a pre-determined pH
value. Such pH value may be acidic, e.g. about 2.5 to 5 about 6.5, but is preferably in the range of about 7.5 to CA 02242558 1998 07 09 = PCT/US 9 7/ G39 0 5 ! - ~ IPEAIUS 2 9 JAN 1998
-7-about 10. suitable examples of such macromolecular binders include methacrylic resina; styrene-acrylic resinc; rosin salts; and polyatyrenesulfonic acid xnd its salts. Ammonia or an organic amine such as monoethanol-amine or N,N-diethanolamine may be added to the water phase in order to adjust the pH to the preferred value (a mineral acid or an organic acid such as acetic acid may be used to adjuat the pH to a value in the range of about 2.5 to about 6.5).
Suitable examples of the macromolecular binders comprising aqueous emulsions include acrylic or vinyl emulsion polymers prepared from monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, methyl methacrylate, styrene, vinyl styrene and vinyl acetate.
The pigment may be any of those which are suitable for formulating offset lithographie printing inks such as CI Pigment Yellows 1, 3, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14, 17, 55, 65, 73, 83, 97 and 98; CI
Pigment Oranges 13, 16 and 46; CI Pigment Reds 2, 3, 4, 10, 12, 48, 48:1, 48:2, 53, 57:2, 81, 104, 146, 170 and 176; CI Pigment Greens 2, 7 and 36; CI Pigment Blues 1, 15:1, 15:2, 15-3, 15:6, 16, 29, 56 and 61; Ci Pigment violets 3, 23 and 37; CI Pigment Blacks 6 and 7;
and CI Pigment Whites 6, 7, 18 and 26.
suitable examples of rewetting agenzs include urea, thiourea, hydroxyethylethylene urea, glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol and butyl carbitol.
Preferably, the water-based offset lithographic printing ink of the invention wilZ--include-a--nonionic--surfact,.nr, nr~z~t in the F---amount of up to S wt.t, based on the weight of the ink. Suitable examples of the AMENDED SHEET
_ .. ~
Suitable examples of the macromolecular binders comprising aqueous emulsions include acrylic or vinyl emulsion polymers prepared from monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, methyl methacrylate, styrene, vinyl styrene and vinyl acetate.
The pigment may be any of those which are suitable for formulating offset lithographie printing inks such as CI Pigment Yellows 1, 3, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14, 17, 55, 65, 73, 83, 97 and 98; CI
Pigment Oranges 13, 16 and 46; CI Pigment Reds 2, 3, 4, 10, 12, 48, 48:1, 48:2, 53, 57:2, 81, 104, 146, 170 and 176; CI Pigment Greens 2, 7 and 36; CI Pigment Blues 1, 15:1, 15:2, 15-3, 15:6, 16, 29, 56 and 61; Ci Pigment violets 3, 23 and 37; CI Pigment Blacks 6 and 7;
and CI Pigment Whites 6, 7, 18 and 26.
suitable examples of rewetting agenzs include urea, thiourea, hydroxyethylethylene urea, glycerol, sorbitol, ethylene glycol and butyl carbitol.
Preferably, the water-based offset lithographic printing ink of the invention wilZ--include-a--nonionic--surfact,.nr, nr~z~t in the F---amount of up to S wt.t, based on the weight of the ink. Suitable examples of the AMENDED SHEET
_ .. ~
-8-surfactant include acetylenic glycols, ethoxylated glycols and sorbitan esters.
If desired, the usual adjuvants such as waxes, anti-agents, biocides, corrosion inhibitors, etc. may be foam incorporated in the inks of the present invention.
For best results, offset lithographic printing processes utilizing the inks of the present invention are conducted at a relative humidity in the range of 75-100%, preferably 80-85%. It is also desirable that the printing processes utilizing the inks of the present invention be conducted at a temperature in the range of 10 to 30 C, preferably 15 to 25 C.
Offset lithographic printing presses having the controls for achieving such desirable relative humidity and temperature levels during the printing process are not within the purview of this invention.
A printing press which could efficiently utilize the water-based inks of the invention might have the following features:
a) an inking mechanism for applying the ink to the print cylinder;
b) a housing surrounding the inking mechanism and the print cylinder so as to define an enclosed space;
c) a cooling mechanism for cooling the atmosphere within the enclosed space;
d) a humidifier for controlling the humidity of the atmosphere within the enclosed space; and
If desired, the usual adjuvants such as waxes, anti-agents, biocides, corrosion inhibitors, etc. may be foam incorporated in the inks of the present invention.
For best results, offset lithographic printing processes utilizing the inks of the present invention are conducted at a relative humidity in the range of 75-100%, preferably 80-85%. It is also desirable that the printing processes utilizing the inks of the present invention be conducted at a temperature in the range of 10 to 30 C, preferably 15 to 25 C.
Offset lithographic printing presses having the controls for achieving such desirable relative humidity and temperature levels during the printing process are not within the purview of this invention.
A printing press which could efficiently utilize the water-based inks of the invention might have the following features:
a) an inking mechanism for applying the ink to the print cylinder;
b) a housing surrounding the inking mechanism and the print cylinder so as to define an enclosed space;
c) a cooling mechanism for cooling the atmosphere within the enclosed space;
d) a humidifier for controlling the humidity of the atmosphere within the enclosed space; and
-9-e) means for introducing a chemical substance such as ammonium hydroxide or anhydrous ammonia or an amine such as ethanolamine into the enclosed space in order to insure that the pH is maintained at a desired value of about 7.5 to about 10 (if an acidic pH value is desired, the chemical substance may be a mineral acid or an organic acid such as acetic acid); maintenance of the pH within such range will minimize the likelihood that the ink of the invention will dry out on the rollers during operation of the press (the inks of the present invention contain macromolecular binders which are predominantly or wholly of the type which are soluble in the "15 water phase of the ink only at a pre-determined desired pH value).
A printing press having the features such as those set forth above would likely also contain sensors and valving mechanisms to insure that the desired temperature, humidity and pH value of the ink are continuously monitored and adjusted as may be necessary throughout the course of the printing operation.
The water-based inks of the present invention are further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples in which all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1 A water-based ink was prepared from the components indicated below. The water phase of the ink was supplied by the water present in the acrylic resin latex, hydroxy-5 propyl cellulose, hydroxyethylethylene urea and the maleated rosin ester:
A printing press having the features such as those set forth above would likely also contain sensors and valving mechanisms to insure that the desired temperature, humidity and pH value of the ink are continuously monitored and adjusted as may be necessary throughout the course of the printing operation.
The water-based inks of the present invention are further illustrated by the following non-limiting examples in which all parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise indicated.
Example 1 A water-based ink was prepared from the components indicated below. The water phase of the ink was supplied by the water present in the acrylic resin latex, hydroxy-5 propyl cellulose, hydroxyethylethylene urea and the maleated rosin ester:
-10-Component Amount wt. %
Styrene/maleic anhydride resin 12 Phthalocyanine Blue pigment 12 Acrylic resin latex (50 wt. % solids) 5 Hydroxypropylcellulose (3 wt. % solids) 10 Hydroxyethylethylene urea (70 wt. % solids) 8 Monoethanol amine 2 Polyethylene Wax 2 Ethoxylated acetylenic diol surfactant 2 Maleated rosin ester (50 wt. % solids) 47 Total 100 The printing ink was printed using a DiddeT" press whose printing units, printing plate and printing blankets were enclosed within a chamber in order to control the relative humidity and temperature during the press run.
The printing plate was obtained from Toray industries; the image area of the aluminum oxide substrate was coated with a photopolymer whose surface was hydrophilic in nature, while the non-image area was coated with a silicone polymer. The press run was carried out at a relative humidity in the range of 85-90% and a temperature in the range of 15 -20 C. and the press speed was 1,000 feet/minute (about 500 cm/second).
The prints obtained from this press run were clear and sharp. The print density was 1.5 and the dot gain was 15%. There was no discernible toning in the non-image area.
McCarthyTetrault LLP TDO-RED #8340419 v. I
Styrene/maleic anhydride resin 12 Phthalocyanine Blue pigment 12 Acrylic resin latex (50 wt. % solids) 5 Hydroxypropylcellulose (3 wt. % solids) 10 Hydroxyethylethylene urea (70 wt. % solids) 8 Monoethanol amine 2 Polyethylene Wax 2 Ethoxylated acetylenic diol surfactant 2 Maleated rosin ester (50 wt. % solids) 47 Total 100 The printing ink was printed using a DiddeT" press whose printing units, printing plate and printing blankets were enclosed within a chamber in order to control the relative humidity and temperature during the press run.
The printing plate was obtained from Toray industries; the image area of the aluminum oxide substrate was coated with a photopolymer whose surface was hydrophilic in nature, while the non-image area was coated with a silicone polymer. The press run was carried out at a relative humidity in the range of 85-90% and a temperature in the range of 15 -20 C. and the press speed was 1,000 feet/minute (about 500 cm/second).
The prints obtained from this press run were clear and sharp. The print density was 1.5 and the dot gain was 15%. There was no discernible toning in the non-image area.
McCarthyTetrault LLP TDO-RED #8340419 v. I
Claims (8)
1. A water-based, single fluid, fountain solution free, offset lithographic printing ink comprising:
(a) 10 to 70 wt.% of a macromolecular binder containing:
(i) macromolecular binders, soluble in water regardless of the pH of the water, present in an amount of up to S wt. %;
(ii) macromolecular rosin salt binders soluble in water phase at a pH ranging from 7.5 to 10, present in an amount of 10-70 wt. %; and (iii) macromolecular binders comprised of aqueous emulsions,present in an amount of up to 20 wt. %;
(b) a pigment, present in the amount of 2-30 wt. %;
and (c) a hydroxyethylethylene urea re-wetting agent, present in the amount of 0.5-10 wt. %.
(a) 10 to 70 wt.% of a macromolecular binder containing:
(i) macromolecular binders, soluble in water regardless of the pH of the water, present in an amount of up to S wt. %;
(ii) macromolecular rosin salt binders soluble in water phase at a pH ranging from 7.5 to 10, present in an amount of 10-70 wt. %; and (iii) macromolecular binders comprised of aqueous emulsions,present in an amount of up to 20 wt. %;
(b) a pigment, present in the amount of 2-30 wt. %;
and (c) a hydroxyethylethylene urea re-wetting agent, present in the amount of 0.5-10 wt. %.
2. The ink of claim 1 wherein the macromolecular binder is present in an amount of 30-60 wt. %, based on the weight of the ink.
3. The ink of claim 1 wherein the macromolecular binders which are soluble in the water phase regardless of the pH of the water phase are selected from the group consisting of; carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl-cellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose, hydroxybutylmethyl-cellulose, poly(C1-C4)alkylene oxides, polyethyleneimine, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl-pyrollidone, polyvinyloxazolidone and polyacrylamide.
4. The ink of claim 1 wherein the macromolecular binders comprising aqueous emulsions are selected from the group consisting of acrylic or vinyl emulsion polymers prepared from monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid eaters, acrylic acid esters of polyhydric alcohols, methyl methacrylate, styrene, vinyl styrene and vinyl acetate.
5. The ink of claim 1 wherein the pigment is present in an amount of 5 to 20 wt. %, based on the weight of the ink.
6. The ink of claim 1 wherein the pigment is selected from the group consisting of CI Pigment Yellows 1, 3, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14, 17, 55, 65, 73, 83, 97 and 98; CI
Pigment oranges 13, 16 and 46; CI Pigment Reds 2, 3, 4, 10, 12, 48, 48:1, 48:2, 53, 57:2, 81, 104, 146, 170 and 176; CI Pigment Greens 2, 7 and 36; CI Pigment Blues 1, 15:1, 15:2, 15:3, 15:6, 16, 29, 56 and 61; CI Pigment Violets 3, 23 and 37; CI Pigment Blacks 6 and 7; and CI
Pigment Whites 6, 7, 18 and 26.
Pigment oranges 13, 16 and 46; CI Pigment Reds 2, 3, 4, 10, 12, 48, 48:1, 48:2, 53, 57:2, 81, 104, 146, 170 and 176; CI Pigment Greens 2, 7 and 36; CI Pigment Blues 1, 15:1, 15:2, 15:3, 15:6, 16, 29, 56 and 61; CI Pigment Violets 3, 23 and 37; CI Pigment Blacks 6 and 7; and CI
Pigment Whites 6, 7, 18 and 26.
7. The ink of claim 1 further comprising a nonionic surfactant, present in an amount of up to 5 wt. %, based on the weight of the ink.
8. The ink of claim 7 wherein the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of acetylenic glycols, ethoxylated glycols and sorbitan esters.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/614,587 | 1996-03-13 | ||
US08/614,587 US5725646A (en) | 1996-03-13 | 1996-03-13 | Water-based offset lithographic printing ink |
PCT/US1997/003905 WO1997033944A1 (en) | 1996-03-13 | 1997-03-13 | Water-based offset lithographic printing ink |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2242558A1 CA2242558A1 (en) | 1997-09-18 |
CA2242558C true CA2242558C (en) | 2007-09-25 |
Family
ID=24461913
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002242558A Expired - Fee Related CA2242558C (en) | 1996-03-13 | 1997-03-13 | Water-based offset lithographic printing ink |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5725646A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0886670B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU710477B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2242558C (en) |
DE (1) | DE69707430T2 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0886670T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1997033944A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA972145B (en) |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6673503B2 (en) | 1994-11-07 | 2004-01-06 | Barbara Wagner | Energy activated electrographic printing process |
US7041424B2 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 2006-05-09 | Ming Xu | Energy activated electrographic printing process |
US7654660B2 (en) * | 1994-11-07 | 2010-02-02 | Sawgrass Technologies, Inc. | Energy activated printing process |
US6649317B2 (en) | 1994-11-07 | 2003-11-18 | Barbara Wagner | Energy activated electrographic printing process |
US5778789A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1998-07-14 | Sun Chemical | Offset lithographic printing process with a water based ink |
US5972088A (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 1999-10-26 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Water-based gravure printing ink |
US6200372B1 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 2001-03-13 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Water-based offset lithographic newspaper printing ink |
US6209456B1 (en) * | 1996-03-13 | 2001-04-03 | Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag | Web- and sheet-fed printing unit using various ink types, particularly water-based inks |
US6105502A (en) * | 1998-10-02 | 2000-08-22 | Sawgrass Systems, Inc. | Reactive ink printing process |
US8337006B2 (en) | 1998-05-06 | 2012-12-25 | Sawgrass Technologies, Inc. | Energy activated printing process |
AU4481400A (en) | 1999-04-23 | 2000-11-10 | Sawgrass Systems, Inc. | Ink jet printing process using reactive inks |
BR0111348A (en) * | 2000-05-20 | 2003-04-29 | Sun Chemical Corp | Polymer Latex Salt Printing Ink |
US6444022B1 (en) | 2000-05-20 | 2002-09-03 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Water based offset lithographic printing ink |
US6544322B2 (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2003-04-08 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Printing inks having low volatile organic compounds and methods of producing same |
US7001649B2 (en) | 2001-06-19 | 2006-02-21 | Barbara Wagner | Intermediate transfer recording medium |
US6849370B2 (en) | 2001-10-16 | 2005-02-01 | Barbara Wagner | Energy activated electrographic printing process |
WO2003042308A1 (en) * | 2001-11-09 | 2003-05-22 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Low tack water washable lithographic printing inks |
US20030190557A1 (en) * | 2002-04-08 | 2003-10-09 | Lee Christian John | Self-dampening ink compositions and method for lithographic printing using the same |
US20040115561A1 (en) * | 2002-12-13 | 2004-06-17 | Mikhail Laksin | Energy curable, water washable printing inks suitable for waterless lithographic printing |
US6709503B1 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2004-03-23 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Waterbased heatset offset ink compositions |
US20050143488A1 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-06-30 | Dandreaux Gary F. | Water washable lithographic printing inks having low VOC content |
US20060252914A1 (en) * | 2005-05-03 | 2006-11-09 | Czebotar Martin T | Modified rosin ester for water borne heatset weboffset inks |
EP1943188A2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2008-07-16 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Security pigments and the process of making thereof |
US7429292B2 (en) * | 2006-06-15 | 2008-09-30 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Water washable lithographic printing ink |
EP2177578A1 (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2010-04-21 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Sheet-fed offset printing inks and varnishes comprising new solvents |
EP1958601A1 (en) * | 2007-02-13 | 2008-08-20 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Absorbent article comprising an ink composition |
US7655082B2 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2010-02-02 | Sanford, L.P. | Ink compositions containing an emulsion |
JP2014514367A (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2014-06-19 | サン ケミカル コーポレイション | Compositions and methods for improving coagulation properties and rub resistance of printing inks |
KR101784744B1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2017-10-12 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Binder for rechargable lithium battery, electrode for rechargable lithium battery including the binder, manufacturing method of the electrode for rechargable lithium battery, and rechargable lithium battery including the electrode |
EP3222435B1 (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2021-11-24 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Method for manufacturing printed matter |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3356030A (en) * | 1964-04-30 | 1967-12-05 | Interchem Corp | Planographic printing method |
US3877372A (en) * | 1973-12-03 | 1975-04-15 | Kenneth W Leeds | Treatment of a printing plate with a dampening liquid |
US4173554A (en) * | 1978-07-10 | 1979-11-06 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Aqueous printing inks with improved transfer properties |
US4278467A (en) * | 1978-09-11 | 1981-07-14 | Graphic Arts Technical Foundation | Substitutive additives for isopropyl alcohol in fountain solution for lithographic offset printing |
US4854969A (en) * | 1986-07-02 | 1989-08-08 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Lithographic fountain solutions |
EP0302450B2 (en) * | 1987-08-03 | 1997-03-05 | Mitsubishi Paper Mills, Ltd. | Lithographic printing ink additive |
US4954556A (en) * | 1987-11-23 | 1990-09-04 | Ppg Industries, Inc. | Water-based ink compositions |
US5039339A (en) * | 1988-07-28 | 1991-08-13 | Eastman Kodak Company | Ink composition containing a blend of a polyester and an acrylic polymer |
US5098478A (en) * | 1990-12-07 | 1992-03-24 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Water-based ink compositions |
DE4119348A1 (en) * | 1991-06-12 | 1992-12-17 | Leipzig Tech Hochschule | Offset printing in moisture-free process - using water base dye binding to hydrophilic materials but not to hydrophobic materials, and conventional offset forme |
US5389130A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-02-14 | Milliken Research Corporation | Printing ink emulsion having reduced VOC |
US5429841A (en) * | 1993-06-25 | 1995-07-04 | Milliken Research Corporation | Printing ink emulsion with poly(oxyalkylene) substituted colorant |
US5370906A (en) * | 1993-11-02 | 1994-12-06 | Dankert; Fred | Waterless planographic plates |
US5417749A (en) * | 1994-03-29 | 1995-05-23 | Sun Chemical Corporation | Microemulsion printing ink |
JPH08100142A (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-16 | Riso Kagaku Corp | Emulsion ink for stencil printing |
-
1996
- 1996-03-13 US US08/614,587 patent/US5725646A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-03-12 ZA ZA9702145A patent/ZA972145B/en unknown
- 1997-03-13 WO PCT/US1997/003905 patent/WO1997033944A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-13 DK DK97915925T patent/DK0886670T3/en active
- 1997-03-13 CA CA002242558A patent/CA2242558C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-13 DE DE69707430T patent/DE69707430T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-13 AU AU23229/97A patent/AU710477B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-03-13 EP EP97915925A patent/EP0886670B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2322997A (en) | 1997-10-01 |
US5725646A (en) | 1998-03-10 |
ZA972145B (en) | 1997-09-17 |
EP0886670A1 (en) | 1998-12-30 |
DK0886670T3 (en) | 2002-01-21 |
CA2242558A1 (en) | 1997-09-18 |
WO1997033944A1 (en) | 1997-09-18 |
DE69707430T2 (en) | 2002-06-20 |
DE69707430D1 (en) | 2001-11-22 |
AU710477B2 (en) | 1999-09-23 |
EP0886670B1 (en) | 2001-10-17 |
EP0886670A4 (en) | 1999-07-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2242558C (en) | Water-based offset lithographic printing ink | |
US5778789A (en) | Offset lithographic printing process with a water based ink | |
US6200372B1 (en) | Water-based offset lithographic newspaper printing ink | |
US6131514A (en) | Method of making a printing plate with an ink jet fluid material | |
US5972088A (en) | Water-based gravure printing ink | |
EP2035515B1 (en) | Water washable lithographic printing ink | |
CA2510867A1 (en) | Waterbased heatset offset ink compositions | |
US6444021B1 (en) | Water washable lithographic newspaper printing ink | |
JP2004066816A (en) | Manufacturing method for printing plate | |
US6444022B1 (en) | Water based offset lithographic printing ink | |
CA2242561C (en) | Offset lithographic printing process | |
EP1461394B1 (en) | Water-based offset lithographic printing inks containing polymerizable surfactants | |
WO2001090263A2 (en) | Latex polymer based printing ink | |
CA2297045A1 (en) | Water-based offset lithographic newspaper printing ink | |
JP2002265838A (en) | Water-based offset lithography ink for printing newspaper | |
US7674327B2 (en) | Flexographic ink compositions | |
US20050051043A1 (en) | Lithographic ink obviating fountain additives | |
JPH026639B2 (en) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKLA | Lapsed | ||
MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20110314 |