CA2250475A1 - Method of reusing fillers and coating pigments used in paper, paperboard and cardboard manufacture - Google Patents
Method of reusing fillers and coating pigments used in paper, paperboard and cardboard manufactureInfo
- Publication number
- CA2250475A1 CA2250475A1 CA002250475A CA2250475A CA2250475A1 CA 2250475 A1 CA2250475 A1 CA 2250475A1 CA 002250475 A CA002250475 A CA 002250475A CA 2250475 A CA2250475 A CA 2250475A CA 2250475 A1 CA2250475 A1 CA 2250475A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- fillers
- paper
- coating
- paperboard
- fresh
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/01—Waste products, e.g. sludge
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F1/66—Pulp catching, de-watering, or recovering; Re-use of pulp-water
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
- D21H19/36—Coatings with pigments
- D21H19/38—Coatings with pigments characterised by the pigments
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S162/00—Paper making and fiber liberation
- Y10S162/09—Uses for paper making sludge
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S210/00—Liquid purification or separation
- Y10S210/928—Paper mill waste, e.g. white water, black liquor treated
Abstract
The present invention relates to a process for recycling fillers and coating pigments from the preparation of paper, paperboard and cardboard found in the residual water sludges from coating plant waste waters, deinking plants, internal water treatment plants or separators, and to the use of a thus obtained pigment slurry for the preparation of a coating compound for the paper industry or in the paper stock for papermaking.
An essential element of the invention is a process for recycling fillers and coating pigments from the preparation of paper, paperboard and cardboard found in the residual water sludges from coating plant waste waters, deinking plants, internal water treatment plants or separators, characterized in that the residual water sludges containing the fillers and coating pigments are subjected to mixing and then milling together with fresh pigments or fresh fillers in the form of powders, fresh-pigment containing slurries and/or fresh-filler containing slurries to yield a pigment slurry.
An essential element of the invention is a process for recycling fillers and coating pigments from the preparation of paper, paperboard and cardboard found in the residual water sludges from coating plant waste waters, deinking plants, internal water treatment plants or separators, characterized in that the residual water sludges containing the fillers and coating pigments are subjected to mixing and then milling together with fresh pigments or fresh fillers in the form of powders, fresh-pigment containing slurries and/or fresh-filler containing slurries to yield a pigment slurry.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19627523.7 | 1996-07-09 | ||
DE19627523A DE19627523C1 (en) | 1996-07-09 | 1996-07-09 | Preparation of filler or pigment coating material for paper, pulp or board from waste sludge |
PCT/EP1997/001375 WO1998001621A1 (en) | 1996-07-09 | 1997-03-19 | Method of reusing fillers and coating pigments used in paper, paperboard and cardboard manufacture |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2250475A1 true CA2250475A1 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
CA2250475C CA2250475C (en) | 2005-12-27 |
Family
ID=7799271
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002250475A Expired - Lifetime CA2250475C (en) | 1996-07-09 | 1997-03-19 | Method of reusing fillers and coating pigments used in paper, paperboard and cardboard manufacture |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US6214166B1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP0910697B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4046764B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1120262C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE202810T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2288997A (en) |
BR (1) | BR9710866A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2250475C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ298816B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE19627523C1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK0910697T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2160936T3 (en) |
GR (1) | GR3036174T3 (en) |
HU (1) | HU221442B (en) |
NO (1) | NO324375B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL187463B1 (en) |
PT (1) | PT910697E (en) |
TR (1) | TR199900012T2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998001621A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6605184B1 (en) | 1998-03-12 | 2003-08-12 | Andritz Oy | Method and apparatus for treatment of fiber suspension containing minerals, such as coated broke, in paper production |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19627523C1 (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1997-10-23 | Alpha Calcit Fuellstoff Gmbh | Preparation of filler or pigment coating material for paper, pulp or board from waste sludge |
US20020079075A1 (en) * | 1998-09-04 | 2002-06-27 | Imerys Minerals Limited | Treatment of solid containing material derived from effluent |
FI111167B (en) * | 1998-02-24 | 2003-06-13 | Kemira Chemicals Oy | Process for improving the durability of a sludge |
FI106142B (en) * | 1998-07-02 | 2000-11-30 | Upm Kymmene Corp | Method of making the coating smith |
FI108779B (en) * | 1999-11-24 | 2002-03-28 | Megatrex Oy | Process for processing filler-containing reject flows at a paper or cardboard factory and using a device |
SE518051C2 (en) * | 2000-12-14 | 2002-08-20 | Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab | Ways to recycle inorganic material from decolorization sludge |
DE10122331B4 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2005-07-21 | Alpha Calcit Füllstoff Gesellschaft Mbh | Process for recycling and use of rejects |
DE10145782A1 (en) | 2001-09-17 | 2003-04-10 | Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh | Paper screen for the production of two-stage watermarks and process for its production |
DE10204255A1 (en) * | 2002-02-02 | 2003-08-07 | Voith Paper Patent Gmbh | Loading fiber and/or coating slip suspensions for papermaking involves addition of precipitate followed by milling |
US7608338B2 (en) * | 2002-06-13 | 2009-10-27 | International Paper Company | High brightness coating compositions and related products |
US7018708B2 (en) * | 2002-08-22 | 2006-03-28 | International Paper Company | Gloss-coated paper with enhanced runnability and print quality |
CN101787663B (en) * | 2003-03-25 | 2015-01-14 | 日本制纸株式会社 | Newsprint paper for offset printing |
US20050045297A1 (en) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-03 | Philip Morris Usa, Inc. | Method and apparatus for preparing a slurry of add-on material to be applied to a web |
DE502005009319D1 (en) | 2004-05-12 | 2010-05-12 | Alpha Calcit Fuellstoff Gmbh | SURFACE-MODIFIED INORGANIC FILLERS AND PIGMENTS |
FI117059B (en) * | 2004-09-21 | 2006-05-31 | Metso Paper Inc | Method and apparatus for separating contaminants from machine circulation in a coating station |
AT501868B1 (en) | 2005-06-13 | 2007-04-15 | Andritz Ag Maschf | METHOD FOR THE RECYCLING OF FILLERS AND PIGMENTS OF PAPER, PAPER OR CARTON MANUFACTURING |
EP2014830A1 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2009-01-14 | Alpha Calcit Füllstoff Gesellschaft mbH | Manufacturing of coating colour dispersions |
US9752283B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2017-09-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Anionic preflocculation of fillers used in papermaking |
US8088250B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2012-01-03 | Nalco Company | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
US8647472B2 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2014-02-11 | Nalco Company | Method of increasing filler content in papermaking |
US8382950B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2013-02-26 | Nalco Company | Recycling of waste coating color |
JP5337434B2 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2013-11-06 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Coated paper using recycled filler |
WO2010070682A1 (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-24 | Imi Fabi S.P.A. | Talc- and/or chlorite-based compositions and use thereof in controlling pollutants in papermaking industry processes |
JP5468281B2 (en) * | 2009-03-24 | 2014-04-09 | 大王製紙株式会社 | Method for producing regenerated particles |
CN102217787A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2011-10-19 | 河南卷烟工业烟草薄片有限公司 | Purification process of coating fluid during production of reconstituted tobacco through paper-making process |
US9777143B2 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2017-10-03 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Polyvinyl alcohol fibers and films with mineral fillers and small cellulose particles |
US9777129B2 (en) | 2014-04-11 | 2017-10-03 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Fibers with filler |
CN106430301B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-11-14 | 四川龙蟒钛业股份有限公司 | The method for preparing high quality titanium white powder using general and papermaking titanium white powder system coproduction |
CN106758464B (en) * | 2016-12-08 | 2018-08-24 | 海南金海浆纸业有限公司 | A kind of Solid content recovery method of papermaking paint waste water |
CN109331756A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-02-15 | 江南大学 | A kind of pretreatment unit and technique of paper products filler |
CN110694348B (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-08-20 | 海南金海浆纸业有限公司 | System and method for dissociating waste residues of papermaking coating |
DE102021103520A1 (en) | 2021-02-15 | 2022-08-18 | Koehler Innovation & Technology Gmbh | filler |
Family Cites Families (42)
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US4196012A (en) * | 1967-03-13 | 1980-04-01 | English Clays Lovering Pochin & Co. | Paper coating compositions |
US3783096A (en) * | 1970-03-12 | 1974-01-01 | Mica Trust | Method of making paper using a pigment comprising calcium sulfate particles embedded in silica gel particles |
US3907630A (en) * | 1971-01-20 | 1975-09-23 | Defibrator Ab | Method of fiber board article production employing predrying of the ligno-cellulosic material prior to liquid suspension and article formation, and employing water recirculation |
US3876497A (en) * | 1971-11-23 | 1975-04-08 | Sterling Drug Inc | Paper mill waste sludge oxidation and product recovery |
DE2316658B2 (en) * | 1973-04-03 | 1977-06-23 | USE OF ULTRA FINE NATURAL CALCIUM CARBONATES AS COATING PIGMENTS FOR COATING PAPERS | |
DE2346269C3 (en) * | 1973-09-14 | 1980-08-21 | Gewerkschaft Victor Chemische Werke, 4620 Castrop-Rauxel | Process for the production of finely divided calcium carbonate dispersions |
GB1599632A (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1981-10-07 | English Clays Lovering Pochin | Comminution of solid materials |
SE7704737L (en) * | 1977-04-25 | 1978-10-26 | S D Selander | WAY TO PUT ONE OR SEVERAL SURFACE LAYERS ON THE GROUND MASS PANEL IN THE MANUFACTURE OF FIBER SHEETS ON VATA ROAD |
DE2808425A1 (en) * | 1978-02-27 | 1979-08-30 | Pluss Stauffer Ag | MINERAL FILLER |
FR2440436A1 (en) * | 1978-10-30 | 1980-05-30 | Omya Sa | PROCESS FOR COATING PAPER WITH NATURAL CALCIUM CARBONATE AS A SINGLE PIGMENT |
US4799964A (en) * | 1985-07-29 | 1989-01-24 | Grain Processing Corporation | Preparation of filler compositions for paper |
DE3617169C2 (en) * | 1986-05-22 | 1996-05-23 | Pluss Stauffer Ag | Carbonate-containing mineral fillers and pigments |
FR2603042B1 (en) * | 1986-08-22 | 1988-11-10 | Coatex Sa | COMPLEX PIGMENT COMPOSITIONS FOR COATING PAPER |
US5137599A (en) * | 1988-10-03 | 1992-08-11 | Prime Fiber Corporation | Conversion of pulp and paper mill sludge to papermaking pulp |
US5234493A (en) * | 1988-11-08 | 1993-08-10 | Rhone-Poulenc Chimie | Stable, pumpable aqueous suspensions of precipitated silica particulates |
FR2645555B1 (en) * | 1989-04-10 | 1991-07-19 | Aussedat Rey | METHOD FOR OBTAINING A HIGH-GLOSSY MEDIUM AND MEDIUM OBTAINED |
CN1048190C (en) * | 1989-06-06 | 2000-01-12 | 普拉斯-斯托弗公司 | Highly concentrated aqeous suspension of minerals and/or fillers and/or pigments |
US5147507A (en) * | 1990-03-08 | 1992-09-15 | Pfizer Inc. | Cationic polymer-modified filler material, process for its prepartion and method of its use in papermaking |
DE4034054C1 (en) * | 1990-10-26 | 1992-04-02 | Feldmuehle Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf, De | |
DE4108866C1 (en) * | 1990-12-20 | 1992-03-12 | Peter Deventer Nl Wolters | |
US5478411A (en) * | 1990-12-21 | 1995-12-26 | Provost, Fellows And Scholars Of The College Of The Holy And Undivided Trinity Of Queen Elizabeth Near Dublin | Magnetic materials and processes for their production |
US5164006A (en) * | 1991-04-08 | 1992-11-17 | Ecc America Inc. | Method for preparing acid resistant calcium carbonate pigments |
WO1992021613A1 (en) * | 1991-06-04 | 1992-12-10 | Minerals Technologies, Inc. | Precipitated calcium carbonate particles from basic calcium carbonate |
US5390860A (en) | 1992-05-15 | 1995-02-21 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Sa | Method and apparatus for separating paper fiber and plastics from mixed waste materials and products obtained thereby |
GB9212867D0 (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1992-07-29 | Wiggins Teape Group Ltd | Recovery and re-use of raw materials from paper mill waste sludge |
US5332474A (en) * | 1993-01-19 | 1994-07-26 | Maxham John V | Conversion of pulp and paper mill waste solids to a papermaking filler product |
DE4312463C1 (en) | 1993-04-16 | 1994-07-28 | Pluss Stauffer Ag | CaCO3 3 -Talkum coating pigment slurry, process for its preparation and its use |
GB2277743B (en) * | 1993-05-04 | 1997-07-16 | Ecc Int Ltd | A pigement for a coating composition for printing paper |
US5364610A (en) * | 1993-06-15 | 1994-11-15 | P. H. Glatfelter Company | Process for preparation of high opacity precipitated calcium carbonate by reacting sodium carbonate with calcium hydroxide |
DE69408807T2 (en) * | 1993-12-14 | 1998-06-18 | Ecc Int Ltd | Water and solids recovery in a paper mill |
US5505819A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-04-09 | Macmillan Bloedel Limited | Neutral papermaking |
DE4416895C1 (en) * | 1994-05-13 | 1995-10-19 | Pluss Stauffer Ag | Carbonate-containing mineral fillers and their use as matting agents |
US5653795A (en) * | 1995-11-16 | 1997-08-05 | Columbia River Carbonates | Bulking and opacifying fillers for cellulosic products |
US5676747A (en) * | 1995-12-29 | 1997-10-14 | Columbia River Carbonates | Calcium carbonate pigments for coating paper and paper board |
US5676746A (en) * | 1995-04-11 | 1997-10-14 | Columbia River Carbonates | Agglomerates for use in making cellulosic products |
US5772847A (en) * | 1995-10-24 | 1998-06-30 | Stone-Consolidated (Us) Corporation | Method for forming pulp from processed recycled fibers |
CN1105156C (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 2003-04-09 | Fp颜料有限公司 | Pigment particles coated with precipitated calcium carbonate and process for preparing same |
DE19627523C1 (en) * | 1996-07-09 | 1997-10-23 | Alpha Calcit Fuellstoff Gmbh | Preparation of filler or pigment coating material for paper, pulp or board from waste sludge |
EP0941964A1 (en) * | 1998-03-12 | 1999-09-15 | Oji Paper Co., Ltd. | Process for producing silica particles suitable for use as filler for paper |
FR2795412B1 (en) | 1999-06-23 | 2001-07-13 | Adir | NOVEL QUATERNARY AMMONIUM DERIVATIVES, THEIR PREPARATION PROCESS AND THE PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THEM |
DE10122331B4 (en) * | 2001-05-08 | 2005-07-21 | Alpha Calcit Füllstoff Gesellschaft Mbh | Process for recycling and use of rejects |
EP2014830A1 (en) * | 2007-06-22 | 2009-01-14 | Alpha Calcit Füllstoff Gesellschaft mbH | Manufacturing of coating colour dispersions |
-
1996
- 1996-07-09 DE DE19627523A patent/DE19627523C1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-03-19 BR BR9710866-9A patent/BR9710866A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-19 PL PL97331011A patent/PL187463B1/en unknown
- 1997-03-19 DE DE59703962T patent/DE59703962D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-19 WO PCT/EP1997/001375 patent/WO1998001621A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-03-19 EP EP97915390A patent/EP0910697B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-19 PT PT97915390T patent/PT910697E/en unknown
- 1997-03-19 AT AT97915390T patent/ATE202810T1/en active
- 1997-03-19 CZ CZ0002299A patent/CZ298816B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-03-19 ES ES97915390T patent/ES2160936T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-19 TR TR1999/00012T patent/TR199900012T2/en unknown
- 1997-03-19 CN CN97196175A patent/CN1120262C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-19 CA CA002250475A patent/CA2250475C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-03-19 AU AU22889/97A patent/AU2288997A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-03-19 JP JP50468698A patent/JP4046764B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-03-19 DK DK97915390T patent/DK0910697T3/en active
- 1997-03-19 HU HU9903637A patent/HU221442B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1999
- 1999-01-08 NO NO19990074A patent/NO324375B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-01-08 US US09/227,533 patent/US6214166B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2000
- 2000-12-21 US US09/741,023 patent/US6444092B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2001
- 2001-07-05 GR GR20010401005T patent/GR3036174T3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-07-15 US US10/193,902 patent/US7887629B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6605184B1 (en) | 1998-03-12 | 2003-08-12 | Andritz Oy | Method and apparatus for treatment of fiber suspension containing minerals, such as coated broke, in paper production |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1998001621A1 (en) | 1998-01-15 |
TR199900012T2 (en) | 1999-04-21 |
HU221442B (en) | 2002-10-28 |
BR9710866A (en) | 2000-01-11 |
US20030041990A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 |
NO990074D0 (en) | 1999-01-08 |
US7887629B2 (en) | 2011-02-15 |
NO324375B1 (en) | 2007-10-01 |
US20020088587A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 |
GR3036174T3 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
US6444092B1 (en) | 2002-09-03 |
NO990074L (en) | 1999-01-08 |
CN1225144A (en) | 1999-08-04 |
HUP9903637A2 (en) | 2000-03-28 |
HUP9903637A3 (en) | 2001-04-28 |
AU2288997A (en) | 1998-02-02 |
CA2250475C (en) | 2005-12-27 |
DE19627523C1 (en) | 1997-10-23 |
DE59703962D1 (en) | 2001-08-09 |
CN1120262C (en) | 2003-09-03 |
JP4046764B2 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
DK0910697T3 (en) | 2001-09-24 |
CZ2299A3 (en) | 1999-06-16 |
PL331011A1 (en) | 1999-06-21 |
ATE202810T1 (en) | 2001-07-15 |
JP2000514510A (en) | 2000-10-31 |
EP0910697B1 (en) | 2001-07-04 |
CZ298816B6 (en) | 2008-02-13 |
ES2160936T3 (en) | 2001-11-16 |
US6214166B1 (en) | 2001-04-10 |
PT910697E (en) | 2001-10-30 |
PL187463B1 (en) | 2004-07-30 |
EP0910697A1 (en) | 1999-04-28 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
EEER | Examination request | ||
MKEX | Expiry |
Effective date: 20170320 |