CA2282628C - Leak detection system for liquid processing device - Google Patents
Leak detection system for liquid processing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2282628C CA2282628C CA002282628A CA2282628A CA2282628C CA 2282628 C CA2282628 C CA 2282628C CA 002282628 A CA002282628 A CA 002282628A CA 2282628 A CA2282628 A CA 2282628A CA 2282628 C CA2282628 C CA 2282628C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- leak sensor
- impedance component
- sensing
- impedance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/042—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid
- G01M3/045—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point by using materials which expand, contract, disintegrate, or decompose in contact with a fluid with electrical detection means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/16—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
- G01M3/18—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators
- G01M3/186—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means for pipes, cables or tubes; for pipe joints or seals; for valves; for welds; for containers, e.g. radiators for containers, e.g. radiators
Abstract
A leak sensor system for use in liquid processing equipment is disclosed.
Liquid is detected by a sensing resistor whose impedance decreases dramatically in the presence of liquid. The effect of this impedance drop on the output voltage of the sensor indicates a wet or moist state which may indicate leakage from the liquid processing. A terminal resistor is in the circuit beyond the sensing resistor to provide a warning indicator when the sensing resistor is damaged or disconnected. The leak sensor system is particularly useful in centrifuge equipment, e.g., for the processing of blood.
Liquid is detected by a sensing resistor whose impedance decreases dramatically in the presence of liquid. The effect of this impedance drop on the output voltage of the sensor indicates a wet or moist state which may indicate leakage from the liquid processing. A terminal resistor is in the circuit beyond the sensing resistor to provide a warning indicator when the sensing resistor is damaged or disconnected. The leak sensor system is particularly useful in centrifuge equipment, e.g., for the processing of blood.
Description
Leak Detection System for Liauid Processing Device Field of the Invention The present invention pertains to a method and device useful for sensing the presence of moisture or moisture leakage and is more particularly involved with an apparatus used to process a liquid which incorporates such a novel leak sensor.
Rac~ a,rnpnd of the Invention In the design of liquid processing equipment it is usually critical to substantially alleviate liquid leakage.
Such leakage can be detrimental to the equipment itself and can adversely affect the desired product. Also, the liquid may present a hazard to the equipment operator. A specific example of this is blood processing equipment such as centrifuges, blood separators,, plasmapheresis apparatus and the like.
Centrifugal blood separators useful for separating blood into desired fractions and isolating specific coagulation factors are disclosed in, e.g., US 5,480,378, US 5,603,845, PCT/US95/15669, WO 97/20635, PCT/US95/15667 and PCT/US95/15675. These devices are useful for the precise, automated preparation of blood coagulation products useful, for example, as surgical sealants. It is important for the , process, product and processor to avoid leakage of the blood or blood products. Also, when such processors are used to ' process autologous blood, i.e., to generate blood products from the patient's own blood, the blood is typically untreated and leakage needs to be minimized to protect the operators and caregivers using such equipment.
Rac~ a,rnpnd of the Invention In the design of liquid processing equipment it is usually critical to substantially alleviate liquid leakage.
Such leakage can be detrimental to the equipment itself and can adversely affect the desired product. Also, the liquid may present a hazard to the equipment operator. A specific example of this is blood processing equipment such as centrifuges, blood separators,, plasmapheresis apparatus and the like.
Centrifugal blood separators useful for separating blood into desired fractions and isolating specific coagulation factors are disclosed in, e.g., US 5,480,378, US 5,603,845, PCT/US95/15669, WO 97/20635, PCT/US95/15667 and PCT/US95/15675. These devices are useful for the precise, automated preparation of blood coagulation products useful, for example, as surgical sealants. It is important for the , process, product and processor to avoid leakage of the blood or blood products. Also, when such processors are used to ' process autologous blood, i.e., to generate blood products from the patient's own blood, the blood is typically untreated and leakage needs to be minimized to protect the operators and caregivers using such equipment.
Brief Description of the Drawinq Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the Leak Sensor System of-the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the Leak Sensor Assembly Geometry of the device of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a diagram of a centrifuge apparatus including the leak sensor system of the present invention.
Description of Preferred Embodiments The present invention comprises a novel leak detection system useful in liquid processing equipment and is particularly useful in blood processing equipment. The leak sensor of this invention provides a highly sensitive and accurate indication of liquid leakage with circuitry to significantly alleviate electromagnetic interference from the surrounding, or nearby, devices. The present sensor also incorporates safety design features which provide an error message if the sensor system is damaged or disconnected.
The leak sensor system is designed as a resistive system which is able to detect leaks by the shorting of a conductive fluid across its leads. The use of a resistive geometry for leak detection is not unique in and of itself, but the unique implementation of the accompanying circuit provides error signals if the sensor is damaged or disconnected. The present invention is described with specific reference to resistors, but any impedance devices or components could be used.
The leak sensor system 10 of the present invention is shown if Figure 1 comprising a leak sensor assembly 12 as it is aligned with the leak sensor interface 14.
The sensing impedance component Rs is in series with an initial impedance component, e.g., a pullup resistor R1. This forms a circuit whose output voltage at the union of these two devices decreases with the application of a conductive fluid to Rs, which results in lowering the effective impedance of Rs. The impedance of a non-wet Rs is in the MOhm range thereby forcing a non-wet output at saturation. The use of a parallel resistor to Rs, e.g., a terminal impedance component, Rt, generates a non-saturated known output voltage at the union of the initial impedance component Rl, the terminal impedance component Rt and the sensing impedance component Rs.
The terminal impedance component Rt is attached at the endpoint of the circuit through the use of the non-wet conductive path of Rs, the sensing impedance component, thereby forming a circuit whose output goes to saturation in an error state, when the sensing impedance component Rs is broken due to mishandling during installation or routine user cleaning.
In viewing Figure 1 it can be appreciated that a prior art leak sensor assembly would not include the terminal impedance component, Rt. Accordingly, in a dry state, i.e., where Rs is not shorted by the presence of a liquid, the output voltage would be nearly identical to the output voltage if Rs were broken or missing. This is because in each case the output voltage is substantially a function of the source voltage and Rl. Thus, the prior art leak sensor assembly could detect moisture, but an incorrect "dry" reading may actually be noticed in a situation where the assembly is broken and malfunctioning.
In the present invention, the use of a terminal impedance component, Rt, varies the output voltage sufficiently from that realized with R1 alone so that the presence or absence of Rt is clearly detectable. Thus, the integrity of the Rt/Rs subassembly is readily detectable in the present invention.
Accordingly, the present leak sensor assembly is capable of producing-"wet", "dry" and "broken" signals. Further, in accordance with the present invention, the placement of the terminal impedance component Rt allows for the attachment of multiple sensing impedance components Rs. The detection of the mis-connection or damage of any one or all of the sensing impedance components is accomplished by connecting them in series of the non-wet conductive path with the terminal impedance component Rt at the end of the chain.
Reduction of susceptibility to electromagnetic interference is allowed through the use of a voltage following transistor Q1 configuration with Gain » 1. This design allows the termination impedance of the device to be effectively lowered to a value dictated by Rp and reduce its electrical noise susceptibility.
The placement of voltage following transistor Q1 also allows for the termination of the sensor at the leak sensor interface. In this way, a pulldown resistor, Rp, is placed on the leak sensor interface. This configuration allows the detection of a disconnected sensor. If the sensor is connected then the input voltage will be in some known state above the return reference Rtn, or ground. However, if the sensor is disconnected Rp will pull the detected voltage to the return reference Rtn, or ground, and indicate an error.
Figure 2 shows a preferred geometry of the leak sensor assembly 12 of the present invention where the sensing impedance component Rs is shown to be a bare wire arrangement.
This can be obtained by any known means, e.g., by stripping or baring a portion of the metallic wiring on a printed wiring board. It can be appreciated that a liquid being introduced across the bare wiring of Rs will short the component and greatly lower the impedance, hence providing the "wet" or "leak" signal.
The present leak sensor system is connected by known means to appropriate indicators to indicate a wet or dry condition, a broken sensing impedance component or an unplugged or disconnected leak sensor assembly. These signals can further be used to carry out specific control steps for the apparatus in which it is used, such as a shut down of the processing in the case of any of the error messages.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the leak sensor assembly and leak sensor interface are in electrical communication via known cable and/or plug means.
The values of the various components will be selected as appropriate by the skilled worker in the art. As mentioned above, the present leak sensor can be used with any liquid processing equipment. It is especially useful when used in centrifugal liquid separation/fractionation equipment, such as blood separation equipment. Such equipment is illustrated in, for example, WO 97/20635 which is directed to a centrifuge apparatus which rotates a blood processing container about is longitudinal axis at high speeds, e.g., 2,000-10,000 RPM.
Figure 3 is an illustration of such a device wherein a container 30 is locked onto a turntable 32 at the container 30 bottom and where the container neck 34 is secured by a top locking means 36. The top locking means 36 is integral with a shaft in rotary communication with a bearing housing 38. A
motor 40 rotates the container 30 via the coupling 42 and bearing 44 integral with the turntable 32. Leak sensor assembly 10 should be arranged normal to the expected path of leaking liquid. In Figure 3 the assembly 10 is shown normal to the upper edge of the container 30. A second leak sensor assembly could also be arranged at the bottom corner of the container-30 or along the entire height of the container 30 as appropriate.
Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the Leak Sensor Assembly Geometry of the device of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a diagram of a centrifuge apparatus including the leak sensor system of the present invention.
Description of Preferred Embodiments The present invention comprises a novel leak detection system useful in liquid processing equipment and is particularly useful in blood processing equipment. The leak sensor of this invention provides a highly sensitive and accurate indication of liquid leakage with circuitry to significantly alleviate electromagnetic interference from the surrounding, or nearby, devices. The present sensor also incorporates safety design features which provide an error message if the sensor system is damaged or disconnected.
The leak sensor system is designed as a resistive system which is able to detect leaks by the shorting of a conductive fluid across its leads. The use of a resistive geometry for leak detection is not unique in and of itself, but the unique implementation of the accompanying circuit provides error signals if the sensor is damaged or disconnected. The present invention is described with specific reference to resistors, but any impedance devices or components could be used.
The leak sensor system 10 of the present invention is shown if Figure 1 comprising a leak sensor assembly 12 as it is aligned with the leak sensor interface 14.
The sensing impedance component Rs is in series with an initial impedance component, e.g., a pullup resistor R1. This forms a circuit whose output voltage at the union of these two devices decreases with the application of a conductive fluid to Rs, which results in lowering the effective impedance of Rs. The impedance of a non-wet Rs is in the MOhm range thereby forcing a non-wet output at saturation. The use of a parallel resistor to Rs, e.g., a terminal impedance component, Rt, generates a non-saturated known output voltage at the union of the initial impedance component Rl, the terminal impedance component Rt and the sensing impedance component Rs.
The terminal impedance component Rt is attached at the endpoint of the circuit through the use of the non-wet conductive path of Rs, the sensing impedance component, thereby forming a circuit whose output goes to saturation in an error state, when the sensing impedance component Rs is broken due to mishandling during installation or routine user cleaning.
In viewing Figure 1 it can be appreciated that a prior art leak sensor assembly would not include the terminal impedance component, Rt. Accordingly, in a dry state, i.e., where Rs is not shorted by the presence of a liquid, the output voltage would be nearly identical to the output voltage if Rs were broken or missing. This is because in each case the output voltage is substantially a function of the source voltage and Rl. Thus, the prior art leak sensor assembly could detect moisture, but an incorrect "dry" reading may actually be noticed in a situation where the assembly is broken and malfunctioning.
In the present invention, the use of a terminal impedance component, Rt, varies the output voltage sufficiently from that realized with R1 alone so that the presence or absence of Rt is clearly detectable. Thus, the integrity of the Rt/Rs subassembly is readily detectable in the present invention.
Accordingly, the present leak sensor assembly is capable of producing-"wet", "dry" and "broken" signals. Further, in accordance with the present invention, the placement of the terminal impedance component Rt allows for the attachment of multiple sensing impedance components Rs. The detection of the mis-connection or damage of any one or all of the sensing impedance components is accomplished by connecting them in series of the non-wet conductive path with the terminal impedance component Rt at the end of the chain.
Reduction of susceptibility to electromagnetic interference is allowed through the use of a voltage following transistor Q1 configuration with Gain » 1. This design allows the termination impedance of the device to be effectively lowered to a value dictated by Rp and reduce its electrical noise susceptibility.
The placement of voltage following transistor Q1 also allows for the termination of the sensor at the leak sensor interface. In this way, a pulldown resistor, Rp, is placed on the leak sensor interface. This configuration allows the detection of a disconnected sensor. If the sensor is connected then the input voltage will be in some known state above the return reference Rtn, or ground. However, if the sensor is disconnected Rp will pull the detected voltage to the return reference Rtn, or ground, and indicate an error.
Figure 2 shows a preferred geometry of the leak sensor assembly 12 of the present invention where the sensing impedance component Rs is shown to be a bare wire arrangement.
This can be obtained by any known means, e.g., by stripping or baring a portion of the metallic wiring on a printed wiring board. It can be appreciated that a liquid being introduced across the bare wiring of Rs will short the component and greatly lower the impedance, hence providing the "wet" or "leak" signal.
The present leak sensor system is connected by known means to appropriate indicators to indicate a wet or dry condition, a broken sensing impedance component or an unplugged or disconnected leak sensor assembly. These signals can further be used to carry out specific control steps for the apparatus in which it is used, such as a shut down of the processing in the case of any of the error messages.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the leak sensor assembly and leak sensor interface are in electrical communication via known cable and/or plug means.
The values of the various components will be selected as appropriate by the skilled worker in the art. As mentioned above, the present leak sensor can be used with any liquid processing equipment. It is especially useful when used in centrifugal liquid separation/fractionation equipment, such as blood separation equipment. Such equipment is illustrated in, for example, WO 97/20635 which is directed to a centrifuge apparatus which rotates a blood processing container about is longitudinal axis at high speeds, e.g., 2,000-10,000 RPM.
Figure 3 is an illustration of such a device wherein a container 30 is locked onto a turntable 32 at the container 30 bottom and where the container neck 34 is secured by a top locking means 36. The top locking means 36 is integral with a shaft in rotary communication with a bearing housing 38. A
motor 40 rotates the container 30 via the coupling 42 and bearing 44 integral with the turntable 32. Leak sensor assembly 10 should be arranged normal to the expected path of leaking liquid. In Figure 3 the assembly 10 is shown normal to the upper edge of the container 30. A second leak sensor assembly could also be arranged at the bottom corner of the container-30 or along the entire height of the container 30 as appropriate.
Claims
1. A leak sensor system comprising a leak sensor assembly for use in a device which processes liquid and which is adapted to be in electrical communication with a leak sensor interface, which interface provides a source voltage to said sensor assembly and which receives input voltage which is the output voltage from said sensor assembly wherein a comparison of said source and input voltages can be correlated to a wet or dry condition within said device, said leak sensor assembly comprising:
a) an initial impedance: component which provides a known voltage from said source voltage:
b) a sensing impedance component which provides a first sensing impedance to said known voltage in a dry state and a second sensing impedance when in contact with a conductive liquid;
c) a terminal impedance component being electrically connected to said sensing impedance component whereby the output voltage in said dry state is altered by said terminal impedance component such that an output voltage substantially equal to the source voltage is indicative of damage or breakage to the sensing impedance component:
d) a voltage following transistor with gain significantly greater than 1 said voltage following transition being located at the junction of said initial, sensing and terminal impedance components whereby an improved signal-to-noise ratio of the signal to the leak sensor interface is provided; axed e) a pulldown impedance component within said leak sensor interface and connected to the input voltage received as output voltage from said leak sensor assembly such that if said assembly is disconnected the pulldown impedance component will pull the input voltage to ground and indicate an error.
a) an initial impedance: component which provides a known voltage from said source voltage:
b) a sensing impedance component which provides a first sensing impedance to said known voltage in a dry state and a second sensing impedance when in contact with a conductive liquid;
c) a terminal impedance component being electrically connected to said sensing impedance component whereby the output voltage in said dry state is altered by said terminal impedance component such that an output voltage substantially equal to the source voltage is indicative of damage or breakage to the sensing impedance component:
d) a voltage following transistor with gain significantly greater than 1 said voltage following transition being located at the junction of said initial, sensing and terminal impedance components whereby an improved signal-to-noise ratio of the signal to the leak sensor interface is provided; axed e) a pulldown impedance component within said leak sensor interface and connected to the input voltage received as output voltage from said leak sensor assembly such that if said assembly is disconnected the pulldown impedance component will pull the input voltage to ground and indicate an error.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US3918497P | 1997-02-27 | 1997-02-27 | |
US60/039,184 | 1997-02-27 | ||
PCT/US1998/003942 WO1998038485A2 (en) | 1997-02-27 | 1998-02-27 | Leak detection system for liquid processing device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2282628A1 CA2282628A1 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
CA2282628C true CA2282628C (en) | 2006-11-07 |
Family
ID=21904113
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA002282628A Expired - Fee Related CA2282628C (en) | 1997-02-27 | 1998-02-27 | Leak detection system for liquid processing device |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6038914A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0980513A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2001517303A (en) |
AU (1) | AU724237B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2282628C (en) |
IL (1) | IL131470A0 (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ337335A (en) |
WO (1) | WO1998038485A2 (en) |
Cited By (8)
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US8114043B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2012-02-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Electromagnetic induction access disconnect sensor |
US8152751B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-04-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
US8376978B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-02-19 | Baxter International Inc. | Optical access disconnection systems and methods |
US8529490B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2013-09-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for dialysis access disconnection |
US8708946B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2014-04-29 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection systems using conductive contacts |
US8920356B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2014-12-30 | Baxter International Inc. | Conductive polymer materials and applications thereof including monitoring and providing effective therapy |
US9138536B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2015-09-22 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Apparatus and a method for monitoring a vascular access |
US10155082B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2018-12-18 | Baxter International Inc. | Enhanced signal detection for access disconnection systems |
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US7951182B2 (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2011-05-31 | Zoll Circulation, Inc. | System and method for leak detection in external cooling pad |
US7605710B2 (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2009-10-20 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Wetness sensor |
US10463778B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2019-11-05 | Baxter International Inc. | Blood treatment machine having electrical heartbeat analysis |
US20100100026A1 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Wetness sensor utilizing passive resonant circuits |
US8444585B2 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2013-05-21 | Baxter International Inc. | Catheter needle retention and placement monitoring system and method |
US8808218B2 (en) * | 2010-01-29 | 2014-08-19 | Baxter International Inc. | Needle placement detection and security device and method |
US9245438B2 (en) | 2014-05-27 | 2016-01-26 | Delta Faucet Company | Water leak detector for a pipe having a retention reservoir |
KR102038858B1 (en) | 2015-06-30 | 2019-10-31 | 생-고뱅 퍼포먼스 플라스틱스 코포레이션 | Leak detection system |
WO2017115145A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-06 | Delta Faucet Company | Water sensor |
US20190162625A1 (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-30 | Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics Corporation | Leak detection system and method of making and using the same |
DK3968910T3 (en) | 2020-07-15 | 2023-04-03 | Hollister Inc | RESISTANCE SENSOR FOR IDENTIFYING LEAKS IN THE STOMY SYSTEM |
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1998
- 1998-02-27 IL IL13147098A patent/IL131470A0/en unknown
- 1998-02-27 AU AU65389/98A patent/AU724237B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-27 EP EP98911438A patent/EP0980513A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1998-02-27 US US09/031,280 patent/US6038914A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-27 WO PCT/US1998/003942 patent/WO1998038485A2/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-02-27 CA CA002282628A patent/CA2282628C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-27 JP JP53791598A patent/JP2001517303A/en not_active Ceased
- 1998-02-27 NZ NZ337335A patent/NZ337335A/en unknown
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US8708946B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2014-04-29 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection systems using conductive contacts |
US10155082B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2018-12-18 | Baxter International Inc. | Enhanced signal detection for access disconnection systems |
US8920356B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2014-12-30 | Baxter International Inc. | Conductive polymer materials and applications thereof including monitoring and providing effective therapy |
US8529490B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2013-09-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Systems and methods for dialysis access disconnection |
US8801646B2 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2014-08-12 | Baxter International Inc. | Access disconnection systems with arterial and venous line conductive pathway |
US8603020B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-12-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Ultrasound access disconnection systems and methods |
US8795217B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2014-08-05 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
US8376978B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2013-02-19 | Baxter International Inc. | Optical access disconnection systems and methods |
US8920355B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2014-12-30 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
US9089654B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2015-07-28 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
US9138528B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2015-09-22 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
US9352078B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2016-05-31 | Baxter International Inc. | Electrical heartbeat access disconnection systems |
US8152751B2 (en) | 2007-02-09 | 2012-04-10 | Baxter International Inc. | Acoustic access disconnection systems and methods |
US9138536B2 (en) | 2008-04-01 | 2015-09-22 | Gambro Lundia Ab | Apparatus and a method for monitoring a vascular access |
US8632486B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2014-01-21 | Baxter International Inc. | Electromagnetic induction access disconnect systems |
US8114043B2 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2012-02-14 | Baxter International Inc. | Electromagnetic induction access disconnect sensor |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2282628A1 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
NZ337335A (en) | 2001-05-25 |
WO1998038485A3 (en) | 1999-02-18 |
EP0980513A4 (en) | 2002-06-19 |
EP0980513A2 (en) | 2000-02-23 |
IL131470A0 (en) | 2001-01-28 |
AU724237B2 (en) | 2000-09-14 |
AU6538998A (en) | 1998-09-18 |
US6038914A (en) | 2000-03-21 |
WO1998038485A2 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
JP2001517303A (en) | 2001-10-02 |
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