CA2323924C - Peristaltic pump and cassette - Google Patents

Peristaltic pump and cassette Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2323924C
CA2323924C CA002323924A CA2323924A CA2323924C CA 2323924 C CA2323924 C CA 2323924C CA 002323924 A CA002323924 A CA 002323924A CA 2323924 A CA2323924 A CA 2323924A CA 2323924 C CA2323924 C CA 2323924C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
cassette
fluid channel
rollers
pump
molded
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
CA002323924A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2323924A1 (en
Inventor
Gary P. Sorensen
Tamer Akkas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcon Inc
Original Assignee
Alcon Universal Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcon Universal Ltd filed Critical Alcon Universal Ltd
Publication of CA2323924A1 publication Critical patent/CA2323924A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2323924C publication Critical patent/CA2323924C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
    • F04B43/12—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action
    • F04B43/1253—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action by using two or more rollers as squeezing elements, the rollers moving on an arc of a circle during squeezing
    • F04B43/1269—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having peristaltic action by using two or more rollers as squeezing elements, the rollers moving on an arc of a circle during squeezing the rotary axes of the rollers lying in a plane perpendicular to the rotary axis of the driving motor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A61M1/72—Cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A61M1/77—Suction-irrigation systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M3/00—Medical syringes, e.g. enemata; Irrigators
    • A61M3/02—Enemata; Irrigators
    • A61M3/0201—Cassettes therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/80—Suction pumps
    • A61M1/82—Membrane pumps, e.g. bulbs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/12—General characteristics of the apparatus with interchangeable cassettes forming partially or totally the fluid circuit

Abstract

A peristaltic pump having a molded flow channel contained on an elastomeric sheet that is bonded or mechanically attached to a rigid substrate. The pump head rollers are mounted radially from the axis of rotation of the pump motor and compress the elastomeric flow channels against the rigid substrate.

Description

PERISTALTIC PUMP AND CASSETTE
Background of the Invention The present invention relates generally to.peristaltic pumps and more specifically to peristaltic pumps used in ophthalmic surgical equipment.
s Most prior art peristaltic pumps work by compressing or squeezing a length of flexible tubing (sometimes between a fixed race) using a rotating roller head.
As the roller head rotates, the rollers pinch off a portion of the tubing and push any fluid trapped in the tubing between the rollers in the direction of rotation. Peristaltic pumps are widely used in medical applications because of their predictable, constant flow properties.
These prior art io systems, however, typically require manual connection of the pump tube segment around the rotating roller head.
Prior art peristaltic pumps using rotating roller heads also typically impart unwanted pressure pulsatioas, Several pulsation damping devices have been developed to address this problem (see e.g., U.S. Patent No.4,921,477 (Davis)).
is Accordingly, a need continues to exist for a peristaltic pump that reduces pressure pulsations and that is simpler and more economical to manufacture and use.
Brief Summary of the Invention The present invention improves upon prior art peristaltic pumps by providing a peristaltic pump having a molded flow channel contained on an elastomeric sheet that is Zo bonded or mechanically attached to a rigid substrate. The pump head rollers are mounted radially from the axis of rotation of the pump motor and compress the elastomeric flow channels against the rigid substrate.
One objective of the present invention is to provide a peristaltic pump that uses molded elastomeric flow channels.
xs Another objective of the present invention is to provide a peristaltic pump having radially oriented pump rollers.
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a peristaltic pump having pump rollers that compress elastomeric flow channels against a rigid substrate.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention there is provided a cassette for use with a peristaltic pump having a roller head, comprising: a) a body having an exterior; b) a sheet attached to the body, the sheet containing at least one molded fluid channel, the fluid channel being generally arcuate and projecting outwardly from the exterior of the body.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention there is provided a peristaltic pump, comprising: a) a pump roller head, the roller head attached to a rotating shaft and having one or more of rollers with longitudinal axes, the longitudinal axes of the rollers being generally normal to the axis of the shaft; b) a 1 o cassette having a body with an exterior; c) a sheet attached to the body, the sheet containing at least one molded fluid channel, the fluid channel being held in operative association with the rollers on the roller head.
These and other advantages and objectives of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description, drawings and claims that follow.
-la-Brief Description of the Drawings FIG. 1 is a schematic top plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention, with the motor and roller head removed for clarity.
FIG. 2 is a schematic side elevational view of a first embodiment of the present s invention, with the motor and roller head removed for clarity.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment of the present invention taken at line 3-3 in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention, with the motor and roller head removed for clarity.
FIG. 5 is a schematic side elevational view of a second embodiment of the present invention, with the motor and roller head removed for clarity.
FIG. 6 is a schematic front elevational view of a second embodiment of the present invention, with the motor and roller head removed for clarity.
Detailed Description of the Invention ~s As best seen in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, in a first embodiment of the present invention, pump 10 of the present invention generally includes pump motor 12, roller head 14, containing one or more rollers 16 and cassette 18 having elastomeric sheet 20 applied to the exterior of relatively rigid body or substrate 22. Pump motor 12 preferably is a stepper or D.C. servo motor. Roller head 14 is attached to shaft 24 of motor 12 so that motor 12 zo rotates roller head 14 in a plane generally normal to the axis of shaft 24, and the longitudinal axes of rollers 16 are generally radial to the axis of shaft 24.
Sheet 20 contains molded fluid channel 26 that is generally planar, arcuate in shape (within the plane) and having a radius approximating that of rollers 16 about shaft 24.
Fluid channel 26 fluidly connects ports 28 and 30. Sheet 20 may be made of any suitably zs flexible, easily molded material such as silicone rubber or thermoplastic elastomer. Sheet 20 is attached or bonded to substrate 22 by any suitable technique such as adhesive, heat fusion or mechanical crimping. Substrate 22 preferably is made of a material that is rigid with respect to sheet 20, such as a rigid thermoplastic, and may be made by any suitable method, such as machining or injection molding.
3o In use, cassette 18 is held in close proximity to roller head 14 so that rollers 16 compress channel 26 against substrate 22 as roller head 14 rotates. The longitudinal axes
2 '' ~ of the rollers are arranged so that roller 16 contact with channel 26 is generally parallel >, with the plane of channel 26. Such an arrangement eliminates the need to loop a length of flexible tubing over the pump roller head and thus simplifies the loading of pump channel 26 against pump roller head 14. Rollers 16 may be tapered along their axial length to s accommodate the difference in path length traveled by the inner and outer sections of milers 16 as roller head 14 rotates. Unwanted pressure pulsations could be minimized by providing channel transition regions 46 and 47 having internal cross-sections that taper from zero to the full cross-section of channel 26. These regions minimize the abrupt change in displaced volume as rollers 16 transition on or off of channel 26.
i o As best seen in FIGS. 4-6, in a second embodiment of the present invention, cassette 18' may contain additional fluid channels that provide control of irrigation fluid as well as aspiration fluid. For example, cassette 18' may contain aspiration ~
inlet port 32 and aspiration outlet port 34 that are connected through channel 26'. Upstream of port 32, cassette 18' may contain pressure sensor 36, which may be any of a variety of non-~s invasive pressure sensors such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent No.
5,910,110 (Bastable) and U.S. Patent No. 5,470,312 (Zanger, et al.).
Cassette 18' may also contain a vent pinch valve site 38 for allowing the venting of any vacuum from channel 26'. Irrigation fluid enters cassette 18' through port 40 and exits cassette 18' through port 42 and is controlled by valve or zo pinch valve site 44, which may be actuated by a plunger (not shown). Vent 38 may be operated in a similar method. In addition, between port 40 and irrigation pinch valve site 44, cassette 18' may contain irngation pressure interface 50. Pressure interface 50 may be made from a thin molded membrane contained within elastomeric sheet 20' over a fluid chamber (not shown) contained within substrate 22'. Such an interface allows detection of zs irrigation pressure in a non-invasive manner using a surface contact pressure transducer or calibrated load cell.
This description is given for purposes of illustration and explanation: It will be apparent to those skilled in the relevant art that modifications may be made to the invention as herein described without departing from its scope or spirit.
3

Claims (11)

Claims
1. A cassette for use with a peristaltic pump having a roller head, comprising:
a) a body having an exterior;
b) a sheet attached to the body, the sheet containing at least one molded fluid channel, the fluid channel being generally arcuate and projecting outwardly from the exterior of the body.
2. The cassette of claim 1 wherein the roller head contains one or more arcuately spaced rollers and the arcuate shape of the fluid channel approximates a radius of the rollers.
3. The cassette of claim 1 wherein the sheet comprises a molded aspiration fluid channel and a molded irrigation fluid channel.
4. The cassette of claim 1 wherein the sheet comprises a flexible, easily molded material.
5. The cassette of claim 4 wherein the sheet comprises silicone rubber or thermoplastic elastomer.
6. The cassette of claim 1 wherein the fluid channel has at least one transition region.
7. The cassette of claim 1 wherein the fluid channel has at least one pinch valve site.
8. The cassette of claim 1 wherein the substrate has at least one molded membrane pressure interface.
9. A peristaltic pump, comprising:
a) a pump roller head, the roller head attached to a rotating shaft and having one or more of rollers with longitudinal axes, the longitudinal axes of the rollers being generally normal to the axis of the shaft;
b) a cassette having a body with an exterior;
c) a sheet attached to the body, the sheet containing at least one molded fluid channel, the fluid channel being held in operative association with the rollers on the roller head.
10. The pump of claim 9 wherein the fluid channel is arcuate and lies on a plane and the longitudinal axes of the rollers are arranged so that roller contact with the fluid channel is generally parallel with the plane of the fluid channel.
11. The pump of claim 9 wherein the rollers are generally tapered.
CA002323924A 1999-11-10 2000-10-18 Peristaltic pump and cassette Expired - Lifetime CA2323924C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/437,392 US6293926B1 (en) 1999-11-10 1999-11-10 Peristaltic pump and cassette
US09/437,392 1999-11-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2323924A1 CA2323924A1 (en) 2001-05-10
CA2323924C true CA2323924C (en) 2004-12-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA002323924A Expired - Lifetime CA2323924C (en) 1999-11-10 2000-10-18 Peristaltic pump and cassette

Country Status (12)

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US (2) US6293926B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1099854B1 (en)
JP (1) JP3825240B2 (en)
AR (1) AR033347A1 (en)
AT (1) ATE217392T1 (en)
AU (1) AU751908B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0005321B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2323924C (en)
DE (1) DE60000160T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1099854T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2176160T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1099854E (en)

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BR0005321A (en) 2001-06-12
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US6293926B1 (en) 2001-09-25
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