CA2378502A1 - Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds - Google Patents

Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2378502A1
CA2378502A1 CA002378502A CA2378502A CA2378502A1 CA 2378502 A1 CA2378502 A1 CA 2378502A1 CA 002378502 A CA002378502 A CA 002378502A CA 2378502 A CA2378502 A CA 2378502A CA 2378502 A1 CA2378502 A1 CA 2378502A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
security article
oxide
substrate
dielectric layer
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002378502A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2378502C (en
Inventor
Richard L. Bonkowski
Patrick K. Higgins
Charles T. Markantes
Roger W. Phillips
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viavi Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=23379584&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CA2378502(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CA2599246A priority Critical patent/CA2599246C/en
Publication of CA2378502A1 publication Critical patent/CA2378502A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2378502C publication Critical patent/CA2378502C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/20—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof characterised by a particular use or purpose
    • B42D25/29—Securities; Bank notes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/369—Magnetised or magnetisable materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/0252—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H1/0256—Laminate comprising a hologram layer having specific functional layer
    • B42D2035/24—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
    • G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
    • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
    • G03H1/024—Hologram nature or properties
    • G03H1/0244—Surface relief holograms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H2250/12—Special arrangement of layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
    • G03H2250/00—Laminate comprising a hologram layer
    • G03H2250/42—Reflective layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24355—Continuous and nonuniform or irregular surface on layer or component [e.g., roofing, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/2457—Parallel ribs and/or grooves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]

Abstract

A security article (10) includes a light transmissive substrate (14) having a first surface and an opposing second surface, with the first surface having an embossed region with an optical diffraction pattern or a holographic image pattern (15). A color shifting optical coating (16) is formed on the substra te such as on the opposing second surface, with the optical coating providing a n observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes. The security article can be used in a variety of applications and products to provide for enhanced security measures such as anticounterfeitin g.

Claims (52)

1. A security article comprising:
a light transmissive substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface having an optical interference pattern; and a color shifting optical coating on the second surface of the substrate, the optical coating providing an observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes.
2. The security article of claim 1, wherein the substrate is composed of a plastic material.
3. The security article of claim 2, wherein the plastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylates, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polypropylene, polynaphthalene terephthalate, and mixtures or copolymers thereof.
4. The security article of claim 1, wherein the optical interference pattern is a diffraction grating pattern or a holographic image pattern.
5. The security article of claim 1, wherein the color shifting optical coating is a multilayer optical interference film including an absorber layer on the second surface of the substrate, and a dielectric layer on the absorber layer.
6. The security article of claim 1, wherein the color shifting optical coating is a multilayer optical interference film including an absorber layer on the second surface of the substrate, a dielectric layer on the absorber layer, and a reflector layer on the dielectric layer.
7. The security article of claim 1, wherein the color shifting optical coating comprises a plurality of multilayer optical interference flakes dispersed in a polymeric medium.
8. The security article of claim 1, further comprising a release layer on the substrate.
9. A security article comprising:
a light transmissive substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface having a diffraction grating pattern or a holographic image pattern; and a color shifting multilayer optical film on the second surface of the substrate, the optical film comprising:
an absorber layer on the second surface of the substrate;
a dielectric layer on the absorber layer; and a reflector layer on the dielectric layer;

wherein the optical film coating provides an observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes.
10. The security article of claim 9, wherein the absorber layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel, palladium, titanium, vanadium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, ferric oxide, carbon, and combinations or alloys thereof.
11. The security article of claim 9, wherein the absorber layer has a physical thickness of about 30 .ANG. to about 150 .ANG..
12. The security article of claim 9, wherein the dielectric layer has an index of refraction of about 1.65 or less.
13. The security article of claim 12, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, cerium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, sodium aluminum fluorides, neodymium fluoride, samarium fluoride, barium fluoride, calcium fluoride, lithium fluoride, and combinations thereof.
14. The security article of claim 9, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of an organic material.
15. The security article of claim 9, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of acrylates, perfluoroalkenes, polytetrafluoroethylene, fluorinated ethylene propylene, and combinations thereof.
16. The security article of claim 9, wherein the dielectric layer has an index of refraction of greater than about 1.65.
17. The security article of claim 16, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon, indium oxide, indium-tin-oxide, tantalum pentoxide, ceric oxide, .
yttrium oxide, europium oxide, iron oxides, hafnium nitride, hafnium carbide, hafnium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium oxide, neodymium oxide, praseodymium oxide, samarium oxide, antimony trioxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon monoxide, selenium trioxide, tin oxide, tungsten trioxide, and combinations thereof.
18. The security article of claim 9, wherein the dielectric layer has an optical thickness in a range from about 2 QWOT at a design wavelength of about 400 nm to about 9 QWOT at a design wavelength of about 700 nm.
19. The security article of claim 9, wherein the reflector layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silver, copper, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, cobalt, tin, niobium, chromium, and combinations or alloys thereof.
20. The security article of claim 9, wherein the reflector layer is composed of a magnetic material.
21. The security article of claim 20, wherein the magnetic material comprises a cobalt-nickel alloy.
22. The security article of claim 9, wherein the reflector layer has a physical thickness of about 300 .ANG. to about 1000 .ANG..
23. A security article comprising:
a light transmissive substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface having a diffraction grating pattern or a holographic image pattern; and a color shifting optical coating on the second surface of the substrate, the optical coating including a polymeric medium and a plurality of color shifting multilayer optical interference flakes dispersed in the polymeric medium, each of the interference flakes comprising at least an absorber layer and a dielectric layer;
wherein the optical coating provides an observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes.
24. The security article of claim 23, wherein each of the flakes has a dimension on any surface thereof ranging from about 2 to about 200 microns.
25. The security article of claim 23, wherein each of the flakes further comprises a reflector layer.
26. A security article comprising:
a light transmissive substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface having a diffraction grating pattern or a holographic image pattern; and a color shifting pigment dispersed within the substrate and comprising a plurality of multilayer optical interference flakes, each of the interference flakes comprising at least an absorber layer and a dielectric layer, the pigment providing an observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes.
27. The security article of claim 26, wherein each of the flakes has a dimension on any surface thereof ranging from about 2 to about 200 microns.
28. The security article of claim 26, wherein each of the flakes further comprises a reflector layer.
29. A method of forming a security article, comprising the steps of:

providing a light transmissive substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface having an optical interference pattern;
and forming a color shifting optical coating on the second surface of the substrate, the optical coating providing an observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the substrate is composed of a plastic material.
31. The method of claim 30, wherein the plastic material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylates, polyacrylonitrile, polystyrene, polypropylene, polynaphthalene terephthalate, and mixtures or copolymers thereof.
32. The method of claim 29, wherein the optical interference pattern is formed by embossing a diffraction grating pattern or a holographic image pattern on the first surface of the substrate.
33. The method of claim 29, wherein the color shifting optical coating is formed by depositing an absorber layer on the second surface of the substrate, and depositing a dielectric layer on the absorber layer.
34. The method of claim 33, further comprising the step of depositing a reflector layer on the dielectric layer.
35. The method of claim 34, wherein the absorber layer, the dielectric layer, and the reflector layer are each deposited by physical vapor deposition.
36. The method of claim 29, wherein the color shifting optical coating is formed by applying a color shifting ink comprising a plurality of multilayer optical interference flakes dispersed in a polymeric medium to the second surface of the substrate.
37. The method of claim 29, wherein the color shifting optical coating is formed on the second surface of the substrate by coextruding a color shifting material, comprising a plurality of multilayer optical interference flakes dispersed in a polymeric medium, with a material forming the substrate.
38. The method of claim 29, further comprising the step of forming a release layer on the substrate.
39. The method of claim 38, further comprising the step of hot stamping the security article to an object.
40. The method of claim 29, further comprising the step of attaching the security article to an object.
41. The method of claim 40, wherein the object is selected from the group consisting of security documents, monetary currency, credit cards, and merchandise packaging.
42. A security article comprising:
a light transmissive substrate having a first surface and an opposing second surface, the first surface having a diffraction grating pattern or a holographic image pattern; and a color shifting multilayer optical film on the first surface of the substrate, the optical film comprising:
an absorber layer on the first surface of the substrate; and a dielectric layer on the absorber layer;
wherein the optical film provides an observable color shift as the angle of incident light or viewing angle changes
43. The security article of claim 42, wherein the substrate is composed of a plastic material.
44. The security article of claim 42, wherein the optical film further comprises a reflector layer on the dielectric layer.
45. The security article of claim 42, wherein the absorber layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel, palladium, titanium, vanadium, cobalt, iron, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, ferric oxide, carbon, and combinations or alloys thereof.
46. The security article of claim 42, wherein the wherein the dielectric layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, magnesium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, cerium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, sodium aluminum fluorides, neodymium fluoride, samarium fluoride, barium fluoride, calcium fluoride, lithium fluoride, and combinations thereof.
47. The security article of claim 42, wherein the dielectric layer is composed of an organic material.
48. The security article of claim 42, wherein the dielectric layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon, indium oxide, indium-tin-oxide, tantalum pentoxide, ceric oxide, yttrium oxide, europium oxide, iron oxides, hafnium nitride, hafnium carbide, hafnium oxide, lanthanum oxide, magnesium oxide, neodymium oxide, praseodymium oxide, samarium oxide, antimony trioxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon monoxide, selenium trioxide, tin oxide, tungsten trioxide, and combinations thereof.
49. The security article of claim 44, wherein the reflector layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of aluminum, silver, copper, gold, platinum, palladium, nickel, cobalt, tin, niobium, chromium, and combinations or alloys thereof.
50. The security article of claim 44, wherein the reflector layer is composed of a magnetic material.
51. The security article of claim 42, further comprising a release layer on the second surface of the substrate.
52. The security article of claim 42, further comprising an adhesive layer on the optical film.
CA2378502A 1999-07-08 2000-04-21 Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds Expired - Lifetime CA2378502C (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2599246A CA2599246C (en) 2000-04-21 2000-04-21 Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/351,102 1999-07-08
US09/351,102 US6761959B1 (en) 1999-07-08 1999-07-08 Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds
PCT/US2000/010985 WO2001003945A1 (en) 1999-07-08 2000-04-21 Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2599246A Division CA2599246C (en) 2000-04-21 2000-04-21 Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2378502A1 true CA2378502A1 (en) 2001-01-18
CA2378502C CA2378502C (en) 2010-07-06

Family

ID=23379584

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2378502A Expired - Lifetime CA2378502C (en) 1999-07-08 2000-04-21 Diffractive surfaces with color shifting backgrounds

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (6) US6761959B1 (en)
EP (1) EP1198357B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4722353B2 (en)
KR (1) KR100739895B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1105032C (en)
AT (1) ATE312722T1 (en)
AU (1) AU770682B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2378502C (en)
DE (1) DE60024827T2 (en)
TW (1) TWI280198B (en)
WO (1) WO2001003945A1 (en)

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