CA2446602A1 - Modular storage server architecture with dynamic data management - Google Patents

Modular storage server architecture with dynamic data management Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2446602A1
CA2446602A1 CA002446602A CA2446602A CA2446602A1 CA 2446602 A1 CA2446602 A1 CA 2446602A1 CA 002446602 A CA002446602 A CA 002446602A CA 2446602 A CA2446602 A CA 2446602A CA 2446602 A1 CA2446602 A1 CA 2446602A1
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Prior art keywords
title
data
secondary storage
play track
request
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Granted
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CA002446602A
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French (fr)
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CA2446602C (en
Inventor
Clement G. Taylor
Danny Chin
Jesse S. Lerman
Christopher W. B. Goode
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Comcast IP Holdings I LLC
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Individual
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Priority to CA2701621A priority Critical patent/CA2701621C/en
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/061—Improving I/O performance
    • G06F3/0613—Improving I/O performance in relation to throughput
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    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/432—Content retrieval operation from a local storage medium, e.g. hard-disk
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    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
    • G06F11/20—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements
    • G06F11/2053—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware using active fault-masking, e.g. by switching out faulty elements or by switching in spare elements where persistent mass storage functionality or persistent mass storage control functionality is redundant
    • G06F11/2094—Redundant storage or storage space
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    • G06F16/17—Details of further file system functions
    • G06F16/1727—Details of free space management performed by the file system
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    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0629—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems
    • G06F3/0635—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems by changing the path, e.g. traffic rerouting, path reconfiguration
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
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    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
    • G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
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    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
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    • G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
    • G06F9/5005—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request
    • G06F9/5011—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resources being hardware resources other than CPUs, Servers and Terminals
    • G06F9/5016—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resources being hardware resources other than CPUs, Servers and Terminals the resource being the memory
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    • H04N21/23103—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion using load balancing strategies, e.g. by placing or distributing content on different disks, different memories or different servers
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    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23106—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving caching operations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
    • H04N21/23113—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion involving housekeeping operations for stored content, e.g. prioritizing content for deletion because of storage space restrictions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
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    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
    • H04N21/258—Client or end-user data management, e.g. managing client capabilities, user preferences or demographics, processing of multiple end-users preferences to derive collaborative data
    • H04N21/25866—Management of end-user data
    • H04N21/25891—Management of end-user data being end-user preferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving MPEG packets from an IP network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/65—Transmission of management data between client and server
    • H04N21/658—Transmission by the client directed to the server
    • H04N21/6587—Control parameters, e.g. trick play commands, viewpoint selection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
    • H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
    • H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
    • H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
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    • H04N7/17318—Direct or substantially direct transmission and handling of requests
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04N7/17309—Transmission or handling of upstream communications
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    • H04N7/17345—Control of the passage of the selected programme
    • H04N7/17354—Control of the passage of the selected programme in an intermediate station common to a plurality of user terminals
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
    • G06F11/16—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in hardware
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    • G06F11/1662—Data re-synchronization of a redundant component, or initial sync of replacement, additional or spare unit the resynchronized component or unit being a persistent storage device
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    • G06F2206/1012—Load balancing
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    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
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    • G06F3/0646—Horizontal data movement in storage systems, i.e. moving data in between storage devices or systems
    • G06F3/0647—Migration mechanisms
    • G06F3/0649—Lifecycle management
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    • H04L67/50—Network services
    • H04L67/60—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources
    • H04L67/61—Scheduling or organising the servicing of application requests, e.g. requests for application data transmissions using the analysis and optimisation of the required network resources taking into account QoS or priority requirements

Abstract

The architecture of the present invention employs dynamic data management methods, which determine whether data should reside on disk or secondary storage (130), on which disk drives data should be stored, and how data shou ld be replicated and/or migrated to new disk drives based on observed user (120 ) access patterns. These methods also migrate popular data to faster disk trac ks to reduce average access time and thus improve performance. User access requests are assigned to modules based on the data stored at each module, an d each module's current load (the number of request: waiting to be serviced). If the requested data is not on a disk drived, the data is retrieved from secondary storage (130), and may be stored on the disk drives for rapid subsequent access. When a requested data item on the disk drive is replicate d, load balancing is perfomred by assigning the request to the module holding t he data with the lowest load. In addition, user access requests waiting to retrieve replicated data may be dynamically and seamlessly migrated to anoth er module based on changes in module loads.

Claims (21)

1. A method, comprising:
receiving a request from at least one client for a title not resident in a storage server, said title comprising a play track, said play track comprising a plurality of chapters;

initiating the retrieval from a secondary storage device of play track portions proximate chapter delineation points; and in the case of a client request to begin presentation of said title at one of said chapters, initiating the streaming to said client of retrieved portions of said play track chapter, and initiating the retrieval from said secondary storage device of at least unretrieved portions of said play track chapter and subsequent play track portions.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein said title further comprises at least one trick play track corresponding to said play track, said method further comprising:

initiating the retrieval from said secondary storage device of play track portions supportive of trick play operation; and in the case of a client request to enter a trick play mode, initiating the streaming to said client of retrieved portions of a trick play track beginning at a trick play entry point, and initiating the retrieval from said secondary storage device of at least unretrieved portions of said trick play track.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether said storage module has sufficient storage space to store said requested title; and in the case of insufficient space existing in said storage server, deleting at least a portion of at least one title presently stored in said storage server.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein said at least one deleted title portion is associated with an infrequently used title.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein said infrequently used title has not been bookmarked by a client.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
determining whether promotional assets exist for a new title;

adapting the available space within said storage server to receive any existing promotional assets associated with said new title; and in the case of a high usage new title, transferring at least a portion of the assets associated with said high usage title to said storage server on a space availability basis.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising:
inserting, into a request queue, a request for those assets associated with said high usage title that have not been retrieved, said request queue operating to retrieve queued items on a space availability basis.
8.The method of claim 1, wherein said secondary storage device comprises a second storage server.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein each storage server is used to store the entirety of at least a portion of the available titles to provide a secondary storage functionality.
10. The method of claim 1, where said secondary storage comprises a RAID.
11. The method of claim 1, where said requested title, when retrieved from secondary storage, is stored on disk in one of said modules.
12. The method of claim 11, where storing said title on disk is preceded by deleting at least portions of titles previously stored on said disks.
13. The method of claim 1, where user title requests waiting for service at one of said modules are migrated to another of said modules.
14. The method of claim 13, where said migration is based on the loads of said first and second modules.
15. The method of claim 1, where the degree of replication of a data item is based on the frequency with which said data item is requested.
16. The method of claim 15, where said degree of replication changes dynamically with time.
17. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of migrating data residing on the disks of one of said modules to another of said modules.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein said data is migrated based on the frequency with which said data item is requested.
19. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of migrating data residing on the disks of one of said modules to different tracks in said disks.
20. The method of claim 19, where said data is migrated based on the frequency with which said data item is requested.
21. The method of claim 1, wherein at least an initial portion of said play track is stored in said storage server and at least a remaining portion of said play track is stored in said secondary storage device, said initial portion being provided to said client upon receiving said request for said title.
CA2446602A 2001-05-14 2002-05-09 Modular storage server architecture with dynamic data management Expired - Lifetime CA2446602C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2701621A CA2701621C (en) 2001-05-14 2002-05-09 Modular storage server architecture with dynamic data management

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/854,839 US6721794B2 (en) 1999-04-01 2001-05-14 Method of data management for efficiently storing and retrieving data to respond to user access requests
US09/854,839 2001-05-14
PCT/US2002/014871 WO2002093298A2 (en) 2001-05-14 2002-05-09 Modular storage server architecture with dynamic datamanagement

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CA2446602C CA2446602C (en) 2010-07-20

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US (6) US6721794B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1388079A4 (en)
AU (1) AU2002344329A1 (en)
CA (3) CA2701621C (en)
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US7882260B2 (en) 2011-02-01
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US8875203B2 (en) 2014-10-28
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US20150067750A1 (en) 2015-03-05
US9615125B2 (en) 2017-04-04
US8065431B2 (en) 2011-11-22
US6912585B2 (en) 2005-06-28
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US20050268160A1 (en) 2005-12-01

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