CA2450916A1 - Vacuum dryer - Google Patents

Vacuum dryer Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2450916A1
CA2450916A1 CA002450916A CA2450916A CA2450916A1 CA 2450916 A1 CA2450916 A1 CA 2450916A1 CA 002450916 A CA002450916 A CA 002450916A CA 2450916 A CA2450916 A CA 2450916A CA 2450916 A1 CA2450916 A1 CA 2450916A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
heating
dryer
vacuum
canister
canisters
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002450916A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2450916C (en
Inventor
Stephen B. Maguire
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maguire Products Inc
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of CA2450916A1 publication Critical patent/CA2450916A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2450916C publication Critical patent/CA2450916C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
    • B29B13/06—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying
    • B29B13/065—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by drying of powder or pellets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/45—Closures or doors specially adapted for mixing receptacles; Operating mechanisms therefor
    • B01F35/453—Closures or doors specially adapted for mixing receptacles; Operating mechanisms therefor by moving them perpendicular to the plane of the opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/002—Methods
    • B29B7/005—Methods for mixing in batches
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B9/00—Making granules
    • B29B9/16—Auxiliary treatment of granules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C31/00—Handling, e.g. feeding of the material to be shaped, storage of plastics material before moulding; Automation, i.e. automated handling lines in plastics processing plants, e.g. using manipulators or robots
    • B29C31/04—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity
    • B29C31/06—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting
    • B29C31/061—Feeding of the material to be moulded, e.g. into a mould cavity in measured doses, e.g. by weighting using stationary volumetric measuring chambers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
    • F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
    • F26B17/128—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft with provisions for working under reduced or increased pressure, with or without heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
    • F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
    • F26B5/042—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum for drying articles or discrete batches of material in a continuous or semi-continuous operation, e.g. with locks or other air tight arrangements for charging/discharging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
    • F26B2200/08—Granular materials

Abstract

A low pressure dryer (10) for granular or powdery material includes a plurality of canisters (12) rotatable about a common vertical axis serially among material heating (100), vacuum drying (102) and material inventory discharge (104) positions; pneumatic piston-cylinder means (34, 36, 38) for rotating the canisters (12) about said axis among said heating, vacuum drying and inventory discharge positions; means for heating (82) contents of a canister (12) at said heating position (100); means for sealing (40, 42) and drawing vacuum within a canister (12) at said vacuum drying position (102) and means (20) for selectably permitting downward flow of dried granular or powdery material out of a canister (12) at said discharge position (104) where said canisters move collectively and unitarily one with another.

Claims (46)

1. A vacuum dryer for granular or powdery material including:
a. at least one canister movable serially among at least material heating and vacuum drying positions;
b. means for moving said canister among at least said heating and vacuum drying positions;
c. a blower;
d. a fitting for connecting a canister at the vacuum drying position to a source of vacuum; and e. a manifold for selectably directing air from said blower either to a canister at said heating position or to a delivery device portion of said dryer for pneumatic conveyance of dried granular material from said dryer to a receptacle for molding or extrusion.
2. The dryer of claim 1 wherein said delivery device receives dried granular material via downward flow from a canister.
3. The dryer of claim 2 wherein said canister furnishing said granular material to said delivery service is removed from said material heating and vacuum drying positions.
4. The dryer of claim 1 wherein said canisters are movable serially and sequentially among said heating and vacuum drying positions and a third material management position.
5. The dryer of claim 4 wherein said canisters are emptied of material at said third position.
6. The dryer of claim 4 wherein said canisters are drained of material at said third position.
7. The dryer of claim 4 wherein said canisters are loaded with material at said third position.
8. The dryer of claim 6 wherein said canisters are loaded with material at said third position.
9. The dryer of claim 1 wherein said canisters are cylindrical.
10. The dryer of claim 9 wherein said canisters are oriented with their axes vertical.
11. The dryer of claim 10 wherein said canisters move about a common vertical axis.
12. In a vacuum dryer for granular or powdery material including:

a. a plurality of canisters rotatable about a common vertical axis serially among material heating, vacuum drying and inventory positions;
b. means for moving said canisters about said axis among said heating, vacuum drying and inventory positions;
c. means for heating contents of a canister at the heating position;
d. means for drawing vacuum in a canister at the vacuum drying position;
the improvement by which said moving means further comprises:
e. a carousel rotatable about said axis for carrying said canisters among said heating, vacuum drying and inventory positions, comprising a set of vanes extending radially outwardly from a vertically extending axial shaft, said vanes having upwardly facing vertices for receiving pins extending outwardly from said canisters thereby to vertically support said canisters as said carousel rotates.
13. The dryer of claim 12 wherein said upwardly facing vertices receive first pins extending outwardly from said canisters and said vanes further include:
a. downwardly facing vertices for receiving second pins extending outwardly from said canisters below said first pins; and b. manually actuable latches for retaining said second pins in said downwardly facing vertices.
14. The dryer of claim 13 wherein said latches are rotatable between positions at which said second pins are retained in said downwardly facing vertices and at which said second pins may fall freely out of said downwardly facing vertices.
15. The dryer of claim 14 wherein said latches, in said position at which said second pins are retained in said downwardly facing vertices, bear against said pins with downwardly directed surfaces which are transverse to and radially spaced from a pivotal connection of said latch to an associated vane.
16. The dryer of claim 14 wherein said latches, in said position at which said second pins are retained in said downwardly facing vertices, bear against said pins with downwardly directed surfaces so that force received from said pins due to weight of said canister transfers to said vane along a line passing through pivotal connection of said latch and said latches are precluded from rotation about said pivotal connection.
17. The dryer of claim 12 wherein said canisters have curved exterior surfaces and said dryer further comprises resilient insulative covers fitting around said curved exterior surfaces with said covers including closure means for pulling respective edges of said covers towards one another thereby resiliently retaining said covers in place on said canisters.
18. A plastics material processing system comprising:
a. a dryer for sequentially simultaneously cyclically heating and vacuum drying batch portions of granular plastic resin material and conveying said dried material to a gravimetric blender using air which is available for heating a subsequent batch of said material;
b. a gravimetric blender receiving said dried granular plastic resin material from said dryer, for mixing a predetermined weight of said dried plastic resin material together with predetermined weights of other materials into a homogeneous blend; and c. a molding machine receiving and molding said homogeneous blend into solid plastic products at the rate such blend is received from said blender.
19. A plastics material processing system comprising:
a. a gravimetric blender for mixing predetermined weights of plastic resin material mixed components into a homogeneous blend;
b. a dryer receiving said blend and sequentially simultaneously cyclically heating and vacuum drying batch portions of said blend and pneumatically conveying the dried blend to a molding machine using air which is available for heating additional batch portions of said blend; and c. the molding machine receiving and molding said dried blend into solid plastic products at the rate such material is received from said dryer.
20. A method for molding plastic into finished products comprising the steps of:
a. mixing predetermined weights of plastic resin material components into a homogeneous blend;
b. supplying said blend to a vacuum dryer without moisture-gaining exposure to ambient air;
c. sequentially heating and vacuum drying batch portions of said blend with a next succeeding batch portion being heated while a current batch portion is vacuum dried; and d. feeding said dried batch portions to molding apparatus without moisture-gathering exposure to ambient air;
e. molding plastic products from said blend portions after vacuum drying.
21. The method of claim 20 further comprising performing step b to supply dried material at the rate of material consumption by step c.
22. The method of claim 20 wherein said molding step further comprises molding at least one plastic product from said current portion after vacuum drying while said next succeeding batch portion is being vacuum dried and a second succeeding batch is being heated.
23. Apparatus for drying granular or powdery material comprising:
a. a housing having inlet and outlet ends with material heating and drying zones positioned therebetween;
b. means for supplying granular or powdery material to be dried to said heating zone via said inlet end;
c. means for heating material in said heating zone of said housing;
d. means for selectably sealing said drying zone from said heating zone and permitting material travel from said heating zone into said drying zone;
e. means for drawing vacuum over material in said drying zone; and f. means for evacuating dried material from said drying zone for molding or extrusion.
24. Apparatus of claim 23 wherein said heating and drying zones are adjacent.
25. Apparatus of claim 23 wherein said heating and drying zones are contiguous.
26. A method for drying granular or powdery material comprising:
a. advancing a first portion of said granular or powdery material to be dried from a supply thereof into a heating zone within a housing;
b. heating said first portion of material within said heating zone;
c. advancing said first portion of heated material from said heating zone into a vacuum drying zone of said housing;
d. advancing a second portion of heated material from said supply into said heating zone;
e. drawing a vacuum over said first portion of heated material in said vacuum drying zone to dry said first portion of material while heating said second portion of material in said heating zone;
f. advancing said first portion of material out of said drying zone for inventory or production into a finished product; and g. repeating steps "a" through "f' successively for so long as dried material is required.
27. Apparatus for drying granular or powdery material prior to molding or extrusion, comprising:
a. a first material processing chamber;
b. a second material processing chamber;
c. manifold means, connected to said first and second processing chambers, for selectably furnishing material to be dried to one of said first and second processing chambers;
d. means for heating material within a selected one of said first and second processing chambers;
e. means for drawing vacuum over material in a selected one of said first and second processing chambers having had said material heated therein; and f. means for evacuating material from a selected one of said chambers having dried material therein.
28. Apparatus of claim 27 wherein said manifold means furnishes material to a selected one of said first and second chambers most recently having had dried material evacuated therefrom.
29. Apparatus of claim 27 wherein said means for heating material in said processing chambers comprises separate means for heating material in said first and second processing chambers.
30. A method for drying granular or powdery material prior to molding or extrusion, comprising:
a. feeding a first portion of material via a connecting manifold from a material supply to a first processing chamber;
b. heating said material in said first processing chamber to a preselected temperature;
c. drawing vacuum over said material in said first processing chamber;
d. feeding a second portion of material via said connecting manifold from said material supply to a second processing chamber;
e. heating said material in said second processing chamber while said first portion of material has vacuum drawn thereover;

f. withdrawing material from said first processing chamber when needed for molding or extrusion;
g. drawing vacuum over said heated material in said second processing chamber;
h. withdrawing material from said second processing chamber when needed for molding or extrusion; and i. repeating steps (a) through (h) for so long as said molding or extrusion continues.
31. A low pressure dryer for granular or powdery material, comprising:
a. a plurality of canisters movable serially at least along material heating and vacuum drying positions;
b. means for moving said canisters among at least said heating and vacuum drying positions;
c. means for heating contents of a canister at said heating position;
d. means for connecting a canister to a source of vacuum at said vacuum drying position; and e. said canisters including axially movable valve for selectably permitting downward flow of dried granular or powdery material out of a canister at a selected position.
32. The dryer of claim 31 wherein said valve reciprocates.
33. The dryer of claim 32 wherein said valve moves along the axis of said canister.
34. The dryer of claim 32 wherein said valve moves in a range of motion having one extreme within said canister and a remaining extreme outside said canister.
35. The dryer of claim 32 wherein said valve moves responsively to motion of an axial rod within said canister.
36. The dryer of claim 32 further comprising a pneumatic piston cylinder means for actuating said valve.
37. A low pressure dryer for granular or powdery material comprising:
a. a frame;
b. a cabinet supported by said frame and including an access door;
c. a plurality of canisters carried by said frame within said cabinet and movable among at least material heating and vacuum drying positions; and d. means for sensing when said door is open and responsively thereto disabling said canisters from movement.
38. A low pressure dryer for granular or powdery material comprising:
a. a frame;
b. a plurality of canisters movably carried on said frame at least among material heating and vacuum drying positions;
c. a material fill hopper supported by said frame;
d. a valve supported by said frame controlling downward flow of material from said fill hopper into a movable canister located below said fill hopper; and e. a sensor detecting presence of a canister below said fill hopper and disabling said valve from opening in the absence of a canister thereat.
39. A method for supplying dried granular resin material for processing from a supply of material which is excessively moist, comprising the simultaneously performed steps of:
a. heating a portion of said moist material to a temperature at which moisture evaporates at a preselected vacuum;
b. drawing at least said preselected vacuum over a second portion of said material which has been heated to said temperature for time sufficient to cause said moisture to evaporate therefrom and result in said second portion of material reaching a preselected dryness; and c. introducing hot air into said material having said preselected level of vacuum drawn therefrom to purge moist air from around such material while which is subjected to said vacuum.
40. The method of claim 39 further comprising supplying to granular material processing equipment for molding or extrusion a third portion of said material which has been dried to said preselected dryness by evaporation in said preselected level of vacuum after being heated.
41. A canister for transporting granular plastic resin material in a resin material drying apparatus, comprising:
a. a closeable shell having an open lower end;
b. an valve having an open interior movable through said open lower end from a valve closed position at least partially within said shell to a valve open position at least partially outside said shell for flow downwardly out of said shell;
c. a hood within said shell for blocking entrance to said valve member open interior when said valve member is closed;
d. an actuating rod within said shell, fixedly connected to said valve member and slidably passing through said hood; and e. a spring biasing said actuating rod from said valve to draw said valve against said hood to close said valve.
42. The canister of claim 41 further comprising a tubular member surrounding said rod and being annularly spaced therefrom, connected to said hood at one end, having a perforate wall for introduction therethrough of heated air to the interior of said canister.
43. A plastics resin material dryer comprising:
a. a rotatable carousel including vane means for supporting and moving a manually removable canister among heating and vacuum drying positions;
b. means for rotatably moving said carousel and supported canisters at least among said heating and vacuum drying positions;
c. at least one canister for holding resin material being manually mountable on and removable from said carousel and being moved by carousel rotation at least among said heating and vacuum drying positions; and d. manually deactuable latching means for retaining a canister supported on said carousel in locking engagement therewith.
44. The dryer of claim 43 wherein said carousel comprises:
a. a first set of equi-angularly spaced blades; and b. a plurality of second sets of blades, connected to respective blades of said first set, with the blades of a respective second sets and an associated connected blade of said first set being equi-angularly spaced.
45. A vacuum takeoff assembly for variable rate removal of dried granular resin material from a vacuum dryer, comprising:
a. a downwardly extending granular material intake chute for receiving dried granular material;
b. a granular material takeoff box connected to and positioned below said intake chute for receiving granular material flowing downwardly thereinto;
c. a material takeoff tube rotatably slidably extending through an aperture in a wall of said takeoff box into the interior thereof, a portion of said tube within the takeoff box interior having an axially elongated cutout in the tube wall, said cutout being defined by two straight edges parallel with the tube axis and two parallel arcuate edges formed along lines of circumference, said tube being positioned below said intake chute to receive downward flowing granular material in said takeoff box, a portion of said tube exterior of said takeoff box being adapted for connection to a vacuum line for draw of vacuum through said takeoff box to convey granular material out of said takeoff box and away from said dryer;
d. a vacuum inlet connected to the interior of said takeoff box for supply of air thereto;
e. a baffle in said takeoff box interposed between said air inlet and said takeoff tube cut out;
46. The takeoff assembly of claim 45 wherein said takeoff box has a side defined by a transparent sheet which is pivotally connected to said box for vertically swinging motion relative to said box to provide access to the box interior when swung away from said box and said takeoff box has a closure member pivotally connected to said box on the same side as said transparent sheet and vertically displaced therefrom, for vertically swinging motion relative to said box to overlie said transparent sheet when said sheet is adjacent said box thereby precluding swinging motion of said transparent sheet away from said box and effectuating a seal at the proximate edge of said transparent sheet when in contact therewith.
CA2450916A 2001-06-18 2002-06-18 Vacuum dryer Expired - Lifetime CA2450916C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US09/883,837 2001-06-18
US09/883,837 US7234247B2 (en) 2000-06-16 2001-06-18 Low pressure dryer
PCT/US2002/019294 WO2003004953A1 (en) 2001-06-18 2002-06-18 Vacuum dryer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2450916A1 true CA2450916A1 (en) 2003-01-16
CA2450916C CA2450916C (en) 2011-08-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2450916A Expired - Lifetime CA2450916C (en) 2001-06-18 2002-06-18 Vacuum dryer

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (5) US7234247B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1600715B1 (en)
KR (2) KR100898998B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE302928T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2450916C (en)
DE (1) DE60205747T2 (en)
DK (1) DK1399701T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2248575T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2003004953A1 (en)

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