CA2486235A1 - An automatic control system and method for bottom hole pressure in the underbalance drilling - Google Patents
An automatic control system and method for bottom hole pressure in the underbalance drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CA2486235A1 CA2486235A1 CA002486235A CA2486235A CA2486235A1 CA 2486235 A1 CA2486235 A1 CA 2486235A1 CA 002486235 A CA002486235 A CA 002486235A CA 2486235 A CA2486235 A CA 2486235A CA 2486235 A1 CA2486235 A1 CA 2486235A1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 47
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 37
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 13
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 20
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
- E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure
Abstract
This invention provides an automatic control system and method fox bottom bole pressure (BHP) in the underbalance drilling. It relates to a computer automatic control technology. The automatic control system according to the invention includes a processing module for the BHP based on the mechanisms of hydraulics. The BHP in the underbalance drilling is calculated from the acquired standpipe pressure (SPP), the calculated circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools, drill bit pressure drop and the fluid column pressure in the drill string. The resulting BHP is then compared with the set pressure value of the system. In case that the BHP is higher or lower than the set pressure, an instruction to regulate throttle valve opening will be issued in order to bring the BHP back to the set pressure range and complete BHP monitoring and control, The automatic control system and method according to the invention enable real-time tracking of the changes in BHP and achieve accurate and timely adjustment and control of BHP. The automatic control system and method improve the level of automation in the underbalance drilling process, and also enhance the reliability and safety in the underbalance drilling operation, which have wide foreground for application.
Claims (14)
1. An automatic control system for bottom hole pressure (BHP) in the underbalance drilling (UBD), comprising a data acquisition unit, a data processing unit, a control and execution unit, and a data conversion and transmission unit, characterized by:
(1) the data acquisition unit comprising a dynamic modeling data acquisition module and a static data input module, the dynamic modeling data acquisition module including pressure sensors provided in drilling operation system to collect standpipe pressure and casing pressure, and pump stroke sensors to collect pump strokes of the mud pump, the static data input module for inputting many parameters including borehole structure, drilling tool configuration, mud property and well depth through man-machine interface;
(2) the data processing unit comprising a processing module for the BHP in the underbalance drilling, the module processing the parameters including all the above-mentioned dynamic and static data, and the BHP in the underbalance drilling calculated from the acquired standpipe pressure (SPP), the calculated circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools, drill bit pressure drop and the fluid column pressure in the drill string, then the resulting BHP compared with the set pressure of the system, and an instruction to regulate throttle valve opening issued when the BHP is higher or lower than the set pressure;
(3) the control and execution unit including a throttle valve and throttle valve control module, the throttle valve control module sending a control signal to the throttle valve to control the opening thereof whein receiving an instruction to control throttle valve opening from data processing unit, so as to limit the BHP within the set pressure range in real time;
(4) the data conversion and transmission unit for transmitting the dynamic modeling data and static input data in the underbalance drilling operation acquired in real time by the above mentioned data acquisition unit to data processing unit, or transmitting the instruction of regulating throttle valve opening to the control and execution unit.
(1) the data acquisition unit comprising a dynamic modeling data acquisition module and a static data input module, the dynamic modeling data acquisition module including pressure sensors provided in drilling operation system to collect standpipe pressure and casing pressure, and pump stroke sensors to collect pump strokes of the mud pump, the static data input module for inputting many parameters including borehole structure, drilling tool configuration, mud property and well depth through man-machine interface;
(2) the data processing unit comprising a processing module for the BHP in the underbalance drilling, the module processing the parameters including all the above-mentioned dynamic and static data, and the BHP in the underbalance drilling calculated from the acquired standpipe pressure (SPP), the calculated circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools, drill bit pressure drop and the fluid column pressure in the drill string, then the resulting BHP compared with the set pressure of the system, and an instruction to regulate throttle valve opening issued when the BHP is higher or lower than the set pressure;
(3) the control and execution unit including a throttle valve and throttle valve control module, the throttle valve control module sending a control signal to the throttle valve to control the opening thereof whein receiving an instruction to control throttle valve opening from data processing unit, so as to limit the BHP within the set pressure range in real time;
(4) the data conversion and transmission unit for transmitting the dynamic modeling data and static input data in the underbalance drilling operation acquired in real time by the above mentioned data acquisition unit to data processing unit, or transmitting the instruction of regulating throttle valve opening to the control and execution unit.
2. The automatic control system of claim 1, wherein the value calculated by deducting the circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools and drill bit pressure drop from the sum of the standpipe pressure (SPP) and the fluid column pressure in the drilling tools is regarded as the BHP during drilling operation in the data processing unit.
3. The automatic control. system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition unit includes a H2S concentration detection sensor;
the data processing unit includes an alarm control module for the presence of excessive H2S, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of H2S concentration into the alarm control module for the presence of excessive H2S, which compares the actually detected concentration with the set concentration of the system and sends an instruction to the control and execution unit to trigger the alarm if the actually detected concentration is higher than the set value;
the control and execution unit includes an alarm for the presence of excessive H2S, and the alarm will be triggered upon receipt of such instruction from the data processing unit.
the data processing unit includes an alarm control module for the presence of excessive H2S, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of H2S concentration into the alarm control module for the presence of excessive H2S, which compares the actually detected concentration with the set concentration of the system and sends an instruction to the control and execution unit to trigger the alarm if the actually detected concentration is higher than the set value;
the control and execution unit includes an alarm for the presence of excessive H2S, and the alarm will be triggered upon receipt of such instruction from the data processing unit.
4. The automatic control system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition unit includes flammable gas concentration detection sensor;
the data processing unit includes igniter control module, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of flammable gas concentration into the igniter control module, which compares the actually detected concentration with the set concentration of the system and sends an instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas to the control and execution unit if the actually detected concentration is higher than the set value;
the control and execution unit includes an igniter provided on the igniting pipeline, and the igniter will automatically ignite and burn flammable gas when it receives the instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas from the data processing unit.
the data processing unit includes igniter control module, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of flammable gas concentration into the igniter control module, which compares the actually detected concentration with the set concentration of the system and sends an instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas to the control and execution unit if the actually detected concentration is higher than the set value;
the control and execution unit includes an igniter provided on the igniting pipeline, and the igniter will automatically ignite and burn flammable gas when it receives the instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas from the data processing unit.
5. The automatic control system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition unit includes a liquid level gauge for measuring the liquid level of the skimming tank;
the data processing unit includes mud-dumping pump control module, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of the liquid level of the skimming tank into the mud-dumping pump control module, which compares the actually acquired liquid level data with the set value and sends an instruction to the control and execution unit to start the mud-dumping pump if the actually acquired liquid level is higher than the set value;
the control and execution unit includes the mud-dumping pump provided on the skimming tank, the mud-dumping pump will be started to pump the drilling fluid in the trimming tank into the circulating tank of drilling fluid to maintain the normal operation of the underbalance circulating system of drilling fluid upon receipt of the instruction to start the mud-dumping pump from the data processing unit.
the data processing unit includes mud-dumping pump control module, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of the liquid level of the skimming tank into the mud-dumping pump control module, which compares the actually acquired liquid level data with the set value and sends an instruction to the control and execution unit to start the mud-dumping pump if the actually acquired liquid level is higher than the set value;
the control and execution unit includes the mud-dumping pump provided on the skimming tank, the mud-dumping pump will be started to pump the drilling fluid in the trimming tank into the circulating tank of drilling fluid to maintain the normal operation of the underbalance circulating system of drilling fluid upon receipt of the instruction to start the mud-dumping pump from the data processing unit.
6. The automatic control system of claim 1, wherein the data acquisition unit includes a liquid level gauge for measuring the liquid level of the mud tank;
the data processing unit includes well kick and lost of well alarm control module, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of the liquid level of the mud tank into the well kick and lost of well alarm control module, which compares the actually acquired liquid level with the liquid level for the last time interval and sends an alarm triggering instruction to the control and execution unit if the fluctuation value of the liquid level is higher than the set valve;
the control and execution unit includes well kick and lost of well alarm, which will he triggered upon receipt of such instruction from the data processing unit.
the data processing unit includes well kick and lost of well alarm control module, and the data acquisition unit inputs the dynamic data of the liquid level of the mud tank into the well kick and lost of well alarm control module, which compares the actually acquired liquid level with the liquid level for the last time interval and sends an alarm triggering instruction to the control and execution unit if the fluctuation value of the liquid level is higher than the set valve;
the control and execution unit includes well kick and lost of well alarm, which will he triggered upon receipt of such instruction from the data processing unit.
7. The automatic control system, of claim 1, wherein said automatic control system further includes system configuration display unit, which includes a data display module and a communication module, and the system configuration display unit exchanges data with the data processing unit through communication module, and wherein after the original parameters of the static data are transmitted to the data processing unit through communication module and its connection, the system configuration display unit initializes those static data including borehole structure, drilling tool configuration, mud property and well depth, and transmits updated data including well depth and drilling fluid property to the data processing unit at any time depending on drilling status, while drilling monitoring video, onsite operation data and the resulting data transmitted back from the data processing unit are displayed in a dynamic way and are memorized.
8. An automatic control method for bottoms hole pressure (BHP) in the underbalance drilling, said method comprising a data acquisition process, a data processing process and a control and execution process, wherein, (1) the data acquisition process includes: inputting static data and conducting real-time acquisition of the dynamic modeling data of standpipe pressure (SPP), casing pressure (CP) and mud pump stroke during drilling operation, and transmitting the acquired data to data processing process;
(2) the data processing process includes processing the static data including borehole structure, drilling tool configuration and mud property as well as the dynamic data acquired from data acquisition process, and calculating the BHP in the underbalance drilling upon the acquired standpipe pressure (SPP) and the calculated circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools and drill bit pressure drop as well as the fluid column pressure in the drill string, and issuing an instruction to decrease throttle valve opening to increase casing pressure value when the resulting BHP is lower than (the set pressure value - the error allowance), recalculating the BHP upon the newly changed standpipe pressure (SPP) and the dynamic anal static data mentioned above after a delay period for pressure propagation, then comparing the resulting BHP with the set value to determine if it is necessary to adjust the throttle valve opening again, and then continuing this process until the BHP is within the range of (the set pressure value ~
the error allowance); alternatively, issuing an instruction to increase throttle valve opening to reduce casing pressure value when the BHP is higher than (the set pressure value + the error allowance), recalculating the BHP upon the newly changed standpipe pressure (SPP) and other data after a delay period for pressure propagation, then comparing the resulting BHP with the set pressure value to determine if it is necessary to adjust the throttle valve opening again, and then continuing this process until the BHP is within the range of (the set pressure value ~ the error allowance);
(3) the control and execution process includes: sending control signals to electric control throttle valve and adjusting throttle valve opening upon receipt of the instruction to control throttle valve opening from data processing process, so as to limit the BHP within the set pressure range in real time.
(2) the data processing process includes processing the static data including borehole structure, drilling tool configuration and mud property as well as the dynamic data acquired from data acquisition process, and calculating the BHP in the underbalance drilling upon the acquired standpipe pressure (SPP) and the calculated circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools and drill bit pressure drop as well as the fluid column pressure in the drill string, and issuing an instruction to decrease throttle valve opening to increase casing pressure value when the resulting BHP is lower than (the set pressure value - the error allowance), recalculating the BHP upon the newly changed standpipe pressure (SPP) and the dynamic anal static data mentioned above after a delay period for pressure propagation, then comparing the resulting BHP with the set value to determine if it is necessary to adjust the throttle valve opening again, and then continuing this process until the BHP is within the range of (the set pressure value ~
the error allowance); alternatively, issuing an instruction to increase throttle valve opening to reduce casing pressure value when the BHP is higher than (the set pressure value + the error allowance), recalculating the BHP upon the newly changed standpipe pressure (SPP) and other data after a delay period for pressure propagation, then comparing the resulting BHP with the set pressure value to determine if it is necessary to adjust the throttle valve opening again, and then continuing this process until the BHP is within the range of (the set pressure value ~ the error allowance);
(3) the control and execution process includes: sending control signals to electric control throttle valve and adjusting throttle valve opening upon receipt of the instruction to control throttle valve opening from data processing process, so as to limit the BHP within the set pressure range in real time.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the value calculated by deducting the circulating pressure loss in the drilling tools and drill bit pressure drop from the sum of the standpipe pressure (SPP) and the fluid column pressure in the drilling tools is regarded as the BHP during drilling operation in the data processing process.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the data acquisition process includes the step of collecting the dynamic modeling data of H2S concentration;
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the H2S concentration actually acquired in data acquisition process with the set concentration value, and issuing an alarm triggering instruction of the actually acquired concentration is higher than the set concentration value;
the control and execution process includes the step of triggering an alarm upon receipt of such instruction from data processing process.
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the H2S concentration actually acquired in data acquisition process with the set concentration value, and issuing an alarm triggering instruction of the actually acquired concentration is higher than the set concentration value;
the control and execution process includes the step of triggering an alarm upon receipt of such instruction from data processing process.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the data acquisition process includes the step of collecting the dynamic modeling data of flammable gas concentration;
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the flammable gas concentration actually acquired in data acquisition process with the set concentration value, and issuing an instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas if the actually acquired concentration is higher than the set concentration value;
the control and execution process includes the step of trigging of igniter to burn flammable gas upon receipt of the instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas from data processing process.
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the flammable gas concentration actually acquired in data acquisition process with the set concentration value, and issuing an instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas if the actually acquired concentration is higher than the set concentration value;
the control and execution process includes the step of trigging of igniter to burn flammable gas upon receipt of the instruction of the presence of excessive flammable gas from data processing process.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein the data acquisition process includes the step of collecting the dynamic modeling data of the liquid level of the skimming tank;
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the liquid level of the skimming tank actually acquired in data acquisition process with the set liquid level, and issuing an instruction to start mud-dumping pump if the actually acquired liquid level is higher than the set liquid level;
the control and execution process includes the steps of starting the mud-dumping pump to pump the drilling fluid in the skimming tank into the circulating tank of drilling fluid so as to maintain the normal operation of underbalance drilling fluid circulation system upon receipt of the instruction to start the mud-dumping pump from data processing process.
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the liquid level of the skimming tank actually acquired in data acquisition process with the set liquid level, and issuing an instruction to start mud-dumping pump if the actually acquired liquid level is higher than the set liquid level;
the control and execution process includes the steps of starting the mud-dumping pump to pump the drilling fluid in the skimming tank into the circulating tank of drilling fluid so as to maintain the normal operation of underbalance drilling fluid circulation system upon receipt of the instruction to start the mud-dumping pump from data processing process.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein the data acquisition process includes the step of collecting the dynamic modeling data of the liquid level of the mud tank;
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the actually acquired liquid level data of the mud tank with the liquid level data for the last time interval and issuing an alarm triggering instruction if the fluctuation value of the liquid level is higher than the set value;
the control and execution process includes the step of triggering of well kick and cost of well alarm upon receipt of such instruction from data processing unit.
the data processing process includes the steps of comparing the actually acquired liquid level data of the mud tank with the liquid level data for the last time interval and issuing an alarm triggering instruction if the fluctuation value of the liquid level is higher than the set value;
the control and execution process includes the step of triggering of well kick and cost of well alarm upon receipt of such instruction from data processing unit.
14. The method of claim 8, further comprising a system configuration display process, wherein the static data acquired from data processing process are initialized, and updated data including well depth and drilling fluid property are transmitted to data processing process at any time depending on drilling status, while the resulting data are transmitted back from data processing process and drilling monitoring video and onsite operation data are displayed in a dynamic way.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CNB2003101034331A CN100353027C (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2003-10-31 | Under balance drilling bottom pressure automatic control system and method |
CN200310103433.1 | 2003-10-31 |
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CA2486235A1 true CA2486235A1 (en) | 2005-04-30 |
CA2486235C CA2486235C (en) | 2012-09-25 |
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- 2004-10-29 US US10/976,544 patent/US7158886B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
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US20050096848A1 (en) | 2005-05-05 |
US7158886B2 (en) | 2007-01-02 |
CA2486235C (en) | 2012-09-25 |
CN1611742A (en) | 2005-05-04 |
CN100353027C (en) | 2007-12-05 |
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