CA2502438A1 - Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes - Google Patents

Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA2502438A1
CA2502438A1 CA002502438A CA2502438A CA2502438A1 CA 2502438 A1 CA2502438 A1 CA 2502438A1 CA 002502438 A CA002502438 A CA 002502438A CA 2502438 A CA2502438 A CA 2502438A CA 2502438 A1 CA2502438 A1 CA 2502438A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
layer
active metal
component
material layer
glass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002502438A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2502438C (en
Inventor
Steven J. Visco
Yevgeniy S. Nimon
Bruce D. Katz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polyplus Battery Co Inc
Original Assignee
Polyplus Battery Company
Steven J. Visco
Yevgeniy S. Nimon
Bruce D. Katz
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polyplus Battery Company, Steven J. Visco, Yevgeniy S. Nimon, Bruce D. Katz filed Critical Polyplus Battery Company
Publication of CA2502438A1 publication Critical patent/CA2502438A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2502438C publication Critical patent/CA2502438C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C10/00—Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C4/00—Compositions for glass with special properties
    • C03C4/18—Compositions for glass with special properties for ion-sensitive glass
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0561—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of inorganic materials only
    • H01M10/0562—Solid materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/362—Composites
    • H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
    • H01M4/382—Lithium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
    • H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
    • H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0583—Construction or manufacture of accumulators with folded construction elements except wound ones, i.e. folded positive or negative electrodes or separators, e.g. with "Z"-shaped electrodes or separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0088—Composites
    • H01M2300/0094—Composites in the form of layered products, e.g. coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
    • Y10T29/49112—Electric battery cell making including laminating of indefinite length material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49108—Electric battery cell making
    • Y10T29/49115—Electric battery cell making including coating or impregnating

Abstract

Disclosed are ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes and methods for their fabrication. The composites may be incorporated in active metal negative electrode (anode) structures and battery cells. In accordance with the invention, the properties of different ionic conductors are combined in a composite material that has the desired properties of high overall ionic conductivity and chemical stability towards the anode, the cathode and ambient conditions encountered in battery manufacturing. The composite is capable of protecting an active metal anode from deleterious reaction with other battery components or ambient conditions while providing a high level of ionic conductivity to facilitate manufacture and/or enhance performance of a battery cell in which the composite is incorporated.</SDOAB >

Claims (72)

1. An electrochemical device component, comprising:
an active metal electrode having a first surface and a second surface;
a protective composite separator on the first surface of the electrode, the composite comprising, a first material layer in contact with the electrode, the first material being ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the active metal;
and a second material layer in contact with the first layer, the second material being substantially impervious, ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the first material;
wherein the ionic conductivity of the composite is at least 10 -7 S/cm.
2. The component of claim 1, further comprising a current collector on the second surface of the active metal electrode.
3. The component of claim 1, wherein the second material layer is the sole electrolyte in a subsequently formed battery cell.
4. The component of claim 1, wherein the structure further comprises an electrolyte.
5. The component of claim 1, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is at least 10 -7 S/cm
6. The component of claim 1, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is between about 10 -6 S/cm and 10 -3 S/cm.
7. The component of claim 1, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is about 10 -3 S/cm.
8. The component of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first material layer is about 0.1 to 5 microns.
9. The component of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first material layer is about 0.2 to 1 micron.
10. The component of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the first material layer is about 0.25 micron.
11. The component of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the second material layer is about 0.1 to 1000 microns.
12. The component of claim 1, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is about 10 -7 S/cm and the thickness of the second material layer is about 0.25 to 1 micron.
13. The component of claim 1, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is between about 10 -4 about 10 -3 S/cm and the thickness of the second material layer is about 10 to 500 microns.
14. The component of claim 13, wherein the thickness of the second material layer is about 10 to 100 microns.
15. The component of claim 1, wherein the active metal of the electrode is selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, and transition metals.
16. The component of claim 1, wherein the active metal of the electrode is an alkali metal.
17. The component of claim 1, wherein the active metal of the electrode is lithium or a lithium alloy.
18. The component of claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of active metal nitrides, active metal phosphides, and active metal halides, and active metal phosphorus oxynitride glass.
19. The component of claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Li3N, Li3P and LiI, Liar, LiCl, LiF, and LiPON.
20. The component of claim 1, wherein the second layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-based glass, oxide-based glass, sulpher-based glass, oxide/sulfide based glass, selenide based glass, gallium based glass, germanium based glass, glass-ceramic active metal ion conductors, sodium beta-alumina and lithium beta-alumina.
21. The component of claim 1, wherein the second layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of LiPON, Li3PO4.L12S.S1S2, Li2S.GeS2.Ga2S3, LISICON, NASICON, sodium and lithium beta-alumina.
22. The component of claim 1, wherein the first layer material comprises a complex of an active metal halide and a polymer.
23. The component of claim 23, wherein the polymer is selected from the group consisting of poly(2-vinylpyridine), polyethylene and tetraalkylammonium.
24. The component of claim 23, wherein the complex is LiI-poly(2-vinylpyridine).
25. The component claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises Li3N.
26. The component claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises Li3P.
27. The component claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises LiPON.
28. The component of claim 1, wherein the second layer is an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~mol%
P2O5 ~~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~~0 < 10%
Al2O3 ~~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0 < X<=0.4 and 0 < Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga.
29. The component claim 28, wherein the first layer comprises Li3P.
30. The component claim 28, wherein the first layer comprises Li3N.
31. The component claim 28, wherein the first layer comprises LiI.cndot. poly-vinylpyridine.
32. The component claim 28, wherein the first layer comprises LiPON.
33. The component of claim 1, wherein the second layer is a flexible membrane comprising particles of an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~mol%
P2O5~~~ 26-55%
SiO2 ~~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~~~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~~0 < 10%
Al2O3 ~~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0<X<=0.4 and 0<Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga in a solid polymer electrolyte.
34. A protective composite battery separator, comprising:
an ionically conductive first material layer or precursor that is chemically compatible with an active metal and air; and a second material layer in contact with the first layer, the second material being substantially impervious, ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the first material;
wherein the ionic conductivity of the composite is at least 10 -7 S/cm.
35. The separator of claim 34, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is about 10 -4 to 10 -3 S/cm.
36. The separator of claim 34, wherein the thickness of the first material layer is about 0.1 to 5 microns.
37. The separator of claim 34, wherein the thickness of the second material layer is about 0.1 to 1000 microns.
38. The separator of claim 34, wherein the ionic conductivity of the second material layer is between about 10 -4 about 10 -3 S/cm and the thickness of the second material layer is about 10 to 500 microns.
39. The separator of claim 38, wherein the thickness of the second material layer is about 10 to 100 microns
40. The separator of claim 34, wherein the first layer comprises LiPON.
41. The separator of claim 34, wherein the first layer comprises a metal nitride first layer material precursor.
42. The separator of claim 41, wherein the first layer comprises Cu3N.
43. The separator of claim 34, wherein the second layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of substantially impervious phosphorus-based glass, oxide-based glass, sulpher-based glass, oxide/sulfide based glass, selenide based glass, gallium based glass, germanium based glass, and glass-ceramic active metal ion conductors, sodium beta-alumina and lithium beta-alumina.
44. The separator of claim 34, wherein the second layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of LiPON, Li3PO4.Li2S.SiS2, Li2S.GeS2.Ga2S3, LISICON, NASICON, sodium and lithium beta-alumina.
45. The separator of claim 34, wherein the second layer is an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~mol%
P2O5 ~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~~ 25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~0 < 10%
Al2O3 ~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0<X<=0.4 and 0<Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga.
46. The separator of claim 34, wherein the second layer is a flexible membrane comprising particles of an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~mol%
P2O5 ~~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~~0-15%

G2O2 + TiO2~~~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~~0<10%
Al2O3 ~~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0<X<=0.4 and 0<Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga in a solid polymer electrolyte.
47. A method of fabricating an electrochemical device component, the method comprising:
forming a laminate of an active metal anode, a first material layer adjacent to the active metal anode that is ionically conductive and chemically compatible with an active metal, and a second material layer adjacent to the first layer that is substantially impervious, ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the first material;
wherein the ionic conductivity of the composite is at least 10 -7 S/cm.
48. The method of claim 47, wherein the forming of the laminate comprises:
(a) providing a substrate of one of an active metal anode and a layer of the second material;

(b) forming on the substrate a layer of the first material or a chemical precursor for the first material; and (c) applying the other of the active metal anode and the layer of the second material from (a) to the layer of the first material or precursor on the substrate.
49. The method of claim 48, wherein the active metal of the anode is lithium or a lithium alloy.
50. The method of claim 48, wherein the first material and precursors are selected from the group consisting of active metal nitrides, active metal phosphides, active metal halides, active metal phosphorus oxynitride glass, a complex of an active metal halide and a polymer, metal nitrides, red phosphorus, amines, phosphines, borazine (B3N3H6), triazine (C3N3H3) and halides.
51. The method of claim 48, wherein the second material is selected from the group consisting of substantially impervious phosphorus-based glass, oxide-based glass, sulpher-based glass, oxide/sulfide based glass, selenide based glass, gallium based glass, germanium based glass, glass-ceramic active metal ion conductors, sodium beta-alumina and lithium beta-alumina.
52. The method of claim 48, wherein the second layer is an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~mol%
P2O5 ~~~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~~~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~~~0<10%
Al2O3 ~~~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~~~0-15%

Li2O ~~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0<X<=0.4 and 0 < Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga.
53. The method of claim 48, wherein the second layer is a flexible membrane comprising particles of an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~mol%
P2O5 ~~~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~~~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~~~0 < 10%
Al2O3 ~~~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)X(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0 < X<=0.4 and 0 < Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga in a solid polymer electrolyte.
54. The method of claim 48, wherein the substrate is the second material layer, the first material or precursor layer is a first material layer selected from the group consisting of active metal nitrides, active metal phosphides, active metal halides, and the active metal anode is lithium deposited by evaporation.
55. The method of claim 48, wherein the substrate is the second material layer, the first material or precursor layer is a precursor selected from the group consisting of metal nitrides, red phosphorus, amines, phosphines, borazine (B3N3H6), triazine (C3N3H3) and halides, and the active metal anode is lithium deposited by evaporation, whereby the precursor is converted to its lithiated first layer material analog by reaction with lithium during the evaporation deposition.
56. The method of claim 48, wherein the substrate is the second material layer, the first material or precursor layer is LiPON, and the active metal anode is lithium deposited by evaporation on a transient layer formed on the LiPON prior to lithium deposition, whereby the transient layer prevents reaction between vapor phase lithium and the LiPON.
57. The method of claim 56, wherein the transient layer comprises a metal miscible in lithium.
58. The method of claim 57, wherein the metal is Ag.
59. The method of claim 48, wherein the substrate is the second material layer and the first material or precursor layer is a LiI-poly(2-vinylpyridine) complex formed by application of a poly(2-vinylpyridine) to the second material layer, followed by application of iodine to the poly(2-vinylpyridine), followed by application of lithium as the active metal anode, whereby the LiI-poly(2-vinylpyridine) complex is formed.
60. The method of claim 59, wherein the active metal anode is applied by evaporation of lithium.
61. The method of claim 59, wherein the active metal anode is applied as a lithium foil.
62. A battery cell, comprising:
an active metal negative electrode having a first surface and a second surface;
a composite separator on the first surface of the electrode, the composite comprising, a first material layer in contact with the electrode that is ionically conductive and chemically compatible with an active metal; and a second material layer in contact with the first layer, the second material being, substantially impervious, ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the first material, wherein the ionic conductivity of the composite is at least 10 -7 S/cm; and a positive electrode chosen from a sulfur-based positive electrode, a metal oxide based positive electrode, and a metal sulfide based positive electrode in contact with said second layer.
63. The battery cell of claim 62, further comprising a polymer electrolyte between the two electrodes.
64. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the active metal of the negative electrode is lithium or a lithium alloy.
65. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the first layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of active metal nitrides, active metal phosphides, and active metal halides, and active metal phosphorus oxynitride glass.
66. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the first layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of Li3N, Li3P and LiI, Liar, LiCl, LiF, and LiPON.
67. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the first layer material comprises a complex of an active metal halide and a polymer.
68. The battery cell of claim 67, wherein the complex is LiI-poly(2-vinylpyridine).
69. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the second layer comprises a material selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-based glass, oxide-based glass, sulpher-based glass, oxide/sulfide based glass, selenide based glass, gallium based glass, germanium based glass, glass-ceramic active metal ion conductors, sodium beta-alumina and lithium beta-alumina.
70. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the second layer is an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~mol%

P2O5~~~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~0<10%
Al2O3 ~~~0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0<x<=0.4 and 0<Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga.
71. The battery cell of claim 62, wherein the second layer is a flexible membrane comprising particles of an ion conductive glass-ceramic having the following composition:
Composition ~~~~mol%
P2O5 ~~~~26-55%
SiO2 ~~~~0-15%
GeO2 + TiO2 ~~~25-50%
in which GeO2 ~~~0--50%
TiO2 ~~~~0--50%
ZrO2 ~~~~0-10%
M2O3 ~~~~0<10%

Al2O3 ~~ 0-15%
Ga2O3 ~~~0-15%
Li2O ~~~3-25%
and containing a predominant crystalline phase composed of Li1+x(M,Al,Ga)x(Ge y Ti y)2-x(PO4)3 where X<=0.8 and 0<=Y<=1.0, and where M is an element selected from the group consisting of Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm and Yb and/or and Li1+x+y Q x Ti2-x Si y P3-y O12 where 0<X<=0.4 and 0.<Y<=0.6, and where Q is Al or Ga in a solid polymer electrolyte.
72. A method of making a battery cell, comprising:
forming a laminate of an active metal electrode, a first material layer in contact with the electrode, the first material being ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the active metal, and a second material layer in contact with the first layer, the second material being substantially impervious, ionically conductive and chemically compatible with the first material, wherein the ionic conductivity of the composite is at least 10 -7 S/cm; and applying a positive electrode chosen from a sulfur-based positive electrode, a metal oxide based positive electrode, and a metal sulfide based positive electrode in contact with said second material layer.
CA2502438A 2002-10-15 2003-10-14 Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes Expired - Lifetime CA2502438C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US41889902P 2002-10-15 2002-10-15
US60/418,899 2002-10-15
PCT/US2003/033457 WO2004036669A2 (en) 2002-10-15 2003-10-14 Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2502438A1 true CA2502438A1 (en) 2004-04-29
CA2502438C CA2502438C (en) 2011-11-29

Family

ID=32107991

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2502438A Expired - Lifetime CA2502438C (en) 2002-10-15 2003-10-14 Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (4) US7282296B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1552572A2 (en)
JP (1) JP4781676B2 (en)
KR (4) KR20120118511A (en)
CN (1) CN100380712C (en)
AU (1) AU2003301383B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0315274B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2502438C (en)
MX (1) MX268289B (en)
WO (1) WO2004036669A2 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10566653B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2020-02-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Lithium sulfur nitrogen compound for anode barrier coating or solid electrolyte

Families Citing this family (259)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7247408B2 (en) 1999-11-23 2007-07-24 Sion Power Corporation Lithium anodes for electrochemical cells
US7771870B2 (en) 2006-03-22 2010-08-10 Sion Power Corporation Electrode protection in both aqueous and non-aqueous electrochemical cells, including rechargeable lithium batteries
US6911280B1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2005-06-28 Polyplus Battery Company Chemical protection of a lithium surface
US7645543B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2010-01-12 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal/aqueous electrochemical cells and systems
US7282302B2 (en) 2002-10-15 2007-10-16 Polyplus Battery Company Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes
CN100380712C (en) * 2002-10-15 2008-04-09 波利普拉斯电池有限公司 Ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes
US20080057386A1 (en) 2002-10-15 2008-03-06 Polyplus Battery Company Ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes and battery cells
DE10255122A1 (en) * 2002-11-26 2004-06-03 Creavis Gesellschaft Für Technologie Und Innovation Mbh Long-term stable separator for an electrochemical cell
JP2004206942A (en) * 2002-12-24 2004-07-22 Ion Engineering Research Institute Corp All solid lithium battery
KR100522694B1 (en) * 2003-08-23 2005-10-19 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Lithium-sulfur battery
US7491458B2 (en) 2003-11-10 2009-02-17 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal fuel cells
US10629947B2 (en) 2008-08-05 2020-04-21 Sion Power Corporation Electrochemical cell
US9368775B2 (en) 2004-02-06 2016-06-14 Polyplus Battery Company Protected lithium electrodes having porous ceramic separators, including an integrated structure of porous and dense Li ion conducting garnet solid electrolyte layers
US7282295B2 (en) * 2004-02-06 2007-10-16 Polyplus Battery Company Protected active metal electrode and battery cell structures with non-aqueous interlayer architecture
US10566669B2 (en) 2004-02-20 2020-02-18 Johnson Ip Holding, Llc Lithium oxygen batteries having a carbon cloth current collector and method of producing same
US20080070087A1 (en) * 2004-02-20 2008-03-20 Excellatron Solid State, Llc Non-volatile cathodes for lithium oxygen batteries and method of producing same
US7691536B2 (en) * 2004-02-20 2010-04-06 Excellatron Solid State, Llc Lithium oxygen batteries and method of producing same
US20080274411A1 (en) * 2004-05-14 2008-11-06 Junji Nakajima Lithium Ion Secondary Battery
JPWO2006082846A1 (en) * 2005-02-02 2008-06-26 ジオマテック株式会社 Thin film solid secondary battery
CA2612639C (en) * 2005-06-24 2014-08-26 Samvel Avakovich Kazaryan Current collector for double electric layer electrochemical capacitors and method of manufacture thereof
JP2009502011A (en) 2005-07-15 2009-01-22 シンベット・コーポレイション Thin film battery and method with soft and hard electrolyte layers
US7776478B2 (en) 2005-07-15 2010-08-17 Cymbet Corporation Thin-film batteries with polymer and LiPON electrolyte layers and method
US8404388B2 (en) 2005-08-09 2013-03-26 Polyplus Battery Company Compliant seal structures for protected active metal anodes
AU2006280097A1 (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-02-22 Polyplus Battery Company Compliant seal structures for protected active metal anodes
US8129052B2 (en) * 2005-09-02 2012-03-06 Polyplus Battery Company Polymer adhesive seals for protected anode architectures
US8048570B2 (en) * 2005-08-09 2011-11-01 Polyplus Battery Company Compliant seal structures for protected active metal anodes
JP5153065B2 (en) * 2005-08-31 2013-02-27 株式会社オハラ Lithium ion secondary battery and solid electrolyte
JP4873925B2 (en) * 2005-10-28 2012-02-08 株式会社オハラ Lithium ion secondary battery and manufacturing method thereof
WO2007062220A2 (en) 2005-11-23 2007-05-31 Polyplus Battery Company Li/air non-aqueous batteries
WO2007075867A2 (en) 2005-12-19 2007-07-05 Polyplus Battery Company Composite solid electrolyte for protection of active metal anodes
JP5629461B2 (en) * 2006-03-22 2014-11-19 シオン・パワー・コーポレーション Electrode protection in non-aqueous electrochemical cells, including rechargeable lithium batteries
CA2552282A1 (en) 2006-07-18 2008-01-18 Hydro Quebec Multi-layered live lithium-based material, preparation processes and applications in electrochemical generators
US7776385B2 (en) * 2006-09-19 2010-08-17 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Method of chemical protection of metal surface
EP2087540A4 (en) * 2006-10-13 2014-01-22 Ceramatec Inc Advanced metal-air battery having a ceramic membrane electrolyte
CN101689427B (en) 2006-11-27 2013-03-13 通用超级电容器公司 Electrode for use with double electric layer electrochemical capacitors having high specific parameters
US8332028B2 (en) * 2006-11-28 2012-12-11 Polyplus Battery Company Protected lithium electrodes for electro-transport drug delivery
EP2102924B1 (en) 2006-12-04 2018-03-28 Sion Power Corporation Separation of electrolytes in lithium batteries
US8472163B2 (en) * 2007-02-19 2013-06-25 Universal Supercapacitors Llc Negative electrode current collector for heterogeneous electrochemical capacitor and method of manufacture thereof
US8673477B2 (en) 2008-06-16 2014-03-18 Polyplus Battery Company High energy density aqueous lithium/air-battery cells
WO2009006349A2 (en) * 2007-06-29 2009-01-08 Polyplus Battery Company Electrotransport devices, methods and drug electrode assemblies
WO2009032313A1 (en) 2007-09-05 2009-03-12 Ceramatec, Inc. Lithium-sulfur battery with a substantially non- porous membrane and enhanced cathode utilization
US20090069740A1 (en) * 2007-09-07 2009-03-12 Polyplus Battery Company Protected donor electrodes for electro-transport drug delivery
US8012621B2 (en) * 2007-11-26 2011-09-06 Ceramatec, Inc. Nickel-metal hydride battery using alkali ion conducting separator
US9209445B2 (en) 2007-11-26 2015-12-08 Ceramatec, Inc. Nickel-metal hydride/hydrogen hybrid battery using alkali ion conducting separator
CA2705270C (en) * 2007-11-27 2016-07-26 Ceramatec, Inc. Process for recovering alkali metals and sulfur from alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides
US8216722B2 (en) 2007-11-27 2012-07-10 Ceramatec, Inc. Solid electrolyte for alkali-metal-ion batteries
JP5277859B2 (en) * 2007-12-03 2013-08-28 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Sulfide-based lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte glass and all-solid lithium secondary battery
US9722275B2 (en) * 2007-12-14 2017-08-01 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Anode protective layer compositions for lithium metal batteries
US20090189567A1 (en) * 2008-01-30 2009-07-30 Joshi Ashok V Zinc Anode Battery Using Alkali Ion Conducting Separator
US10320033B2 (en) 2008-01-30 2019-06-11 Enlighten Innovations Inc. Alkali metal ion battery using alkali metal conductive ceramic separator
JP5288816B2 (en) 2008-01-31 2013-09-11 株式会社オハラ Solid battery
JP5305678B2 (en) * 2008-02-07 2013-10-02 株式会社東芝 Non-aqueous electrolyte battery and battery pack
JP2009193803A (en) * 2008-02-14 2009-08-27 Toyota Motor Corp All-solid lithium secondary battery
JP5616002B2 (en) * 2008-03-19 2014-10-29 株式会社オハラ Lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte and method for producing the same
US8940443B2 (en) 2008-08-13 2015-01-27 Greatbatch Ltd. Polyvinylpyridine additives for nonaqueous electrolytes activating lithium rechargeable electrochemical cells
JP5207883B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2013-06-12 株式会社オハラ Lithium battery separator and lithium battery.
US8323817B2 (en) * 2008-09-12 2012-12-04 Ceramatec, Inc. Alkali metal seawater battery
US9475998B2 (en) 2008-10-09 2016-10-25 Ceramatec, Inc. Process for recovering alkali metals and sulfur from alkali metal sulfides and polysulfides
KR101013785B1 (en) 2008-12-22 2011-02-14 주식회사 효성 Electrode-separator complex and method for preparing the same
US8709659B2 (en) * 2009-02-27 2014-04-29 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Electrode composition with enhanced performance characteristics
US8703333B2 (en) * 2009-02-27 2014-04-22 Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. Electrode compositions and processes
JP5287739B2 (en) 2009-05-01 2013-09-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Solid electrolyte material
EP3671908B1 (en) 2009-08-24 2023-10-18 Sion Power Corporation Release system for electrochemical cells
WO2011031455A2 (en) * 2009-08-25 2011-03-17 Polyplus Battery Company Implantable electrode assembly, implantable electrochemical power cells and implantable medical device assemblies
FR2950737B1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2012-01-20 Electricite De France RIGID NEGATIVE COMPARTMENT FOR METAL-AIR BATTERY AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING THE SAME
US8236452B2 (en) * 2009-11-02 2012-08-07 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Nano-structured anode compositions for lithium metal and lithium metal-air secondary batteries
JP5753852B2 (en) 2009-11-05 2015-07-22 セラマテック・インク Solid sodium secondary battery with sodium ion conductive ceramic separator
US9112240B2 (en) * 2010-01-04 2015-08-18 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Lithium metal-sulfur and lithium ion-sulfur secondary batteries containing a nano-structured cathode and processes for producing same
US8962188B2 (en) 2010-01-07 2015-02-24 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Anode compositions for lithium secondary batteries
US8481195B1 (en) 2010-04-14 2013-07-09 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Lithium battery structures
US9252455B1 (en) 2010-04-14 2016-02-02 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Lithium battery structures employing composite layers, and fabrication methods to produce composite layers
FR2961635B1 (en) * 2010-06-17 2012-08-17 Commissariat Energie Atomique LITHIUM ELECTROCHEMICAL BATTERY WITH BIPOLAR ARCHITECTURE OPERATING ON THE BASIS OF A COUPLE OF ELECTRODES LITHIUM-SULFUR COMPOUND
CN102315420B (en) 2010-07-05 2014-09-10 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Metal cathode structure with protection layer and preparation method thereof
WO2012021323A2 (en) 2010-08-11 2012-02-16 Ceramatec, Inc. Alkali metal aqueous battery
EP2609646A1 (en) 2010-08-24 2013-07-03 Basf Se Electrolyte materials for use in electrochemical cells
JP5349427B2 (en) * 2010-08-26 2013-11-20 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Sulfide solid electrolyte material, positive electrode body and lithium solid state battery
WO2012034042A2 (en) 2010-09-09 2012-03-15 California Institute Of Technology Electrochemical energy storage systems and methods
FR2965106B1 (en) 2010-09-17 2015-04-03 Commissariat Energie Atomique ELECTRODE FOR AN ALL SOLID LITHIUM BATTERY AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SUCH ELECTRODE
EP2625148A2 (en) * 2010-10-07 2013-08-14 Schott AG Electrochemical energy accumulator and use of a glass-based material for producing a separator for said accumulator
KR20120036589A (en) * 2010-10-08 2012-04-18 삼성전자주식회사 Lithium ion conductor, method of preparing the same and lithium air battery including the same
EP2630684A4 (en) 2010-10-22 2015-12-23 Amprius Inc Composite structures containing high capacity porous active materials constrained in shells
CN102479974A (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-05-30 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Method for preparing anti-corrosion protective film for metal lithium battery
CN102479936A (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-05-30 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Preparation method for anticorrosion protection film for lithium metal battery
EP2647080B8 (en) 2010-12-01 2019-05-22 Field Upgrading USA, Inc. Moderate temperature sodium battery
WO2012115635A1 (en) * 2011-02-23 2012-08-30 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Illinois Direct nanoscale patterning of surfaces by electrochemical imprinting
US9525165B2 (en) 2011-03-07 2016-12-20 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Electrode for rechargeable lithium battery and rechargeable lithium battery including the same
EP2721665B1 (en) 2011-06-17 2021-10-27 Sion Power Corporation Plating technique for electrode
US9853325B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2017-12-26 Space Charge, LLC Rugged, gel-free, lithium-free, high energy density solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices
US10601074B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2020-03-24 Space Charge, LLC Rugged, gel-free, lithium-free, high energy density solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices
US11527774B2 (en) 2011-06-29 2022-12-13 Space Charge, LLC Electrochemical energy storage devices
US10158110B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2018-12-18 California Institute Of Technology Separators for electrochemical systems
US9379368B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2016-06-28 California Institute Of Technology Electrochemical systems with electronically conductive layers
CN102881862B (en) 2011-07-12 2015-03-25 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 Protective metal anode structure and preparation method thereof
DE102011079662A1 (en) 2011-07-22 2013-01-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Separator for an energy storage and energy storage
US9660311B2 (en) 2011-08-19 2017-05-23 Polyplus Battery Company Aqueous lithium air batteries
EP2752932B1 (en) * 2011-08-31 2018-03-14 Asahi Glass Company, Limited Method for producing lithium-ion conductive solid electrolyte, and lithium-ion secondary battery
WO2013055573A1 (en) 2011-10-13 2013-04-18 Sion Power Corporation Electrode structure and method for making the same
KR101851564B1 (en) * 2011-10-27 2018-04-25 삼성전자주식회사 Electrolyte for lithium air battery and lithium air battery including the same
US9660265B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2017-05-23 Polyplus Battery Company Lithium sulfur batteries and electrolytes and sulfur cathodes thereof
US8828574B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 Polyplus Battery Company Electrolyte compositions for aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
US8828573B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 Polyplus Battery Company Electrode structures for aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
US8828575B2 (en) 2011-11-15 2014-09-09 PolyPlus Batter Company Aqueous electrolyte lithium sulfur batteries
US20150364787A1 (en) * 2011-12-06 2015-12-17 Hui Zhang Composite Electrolytes for Low Temperature Sodium Batteries
DE102011088910A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Robert Bosch Gmbh Lithium sulfur cell separator with polysulfide barrier
DE102012003594A1 (en) * 2012-02-27 2013-08-29 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Method for depositing a LiPON layer on a substrate
US8932764B2 (en) 2012-02-28 2015-01-13 Sila Nanotechnologies, Inc. Core-shell composites for sulfur-based cathodes in metal-ion batteries
CN102655250B (en) * 2012-04-16 2014-09-17 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 Solid electrolyte for lithium air cells and preparation method thereof
US8932771B2 (en) 2012-05-03 2015-01-13 Polyplus Battery Company Cathode architectures for alkali metal / oxygen batteries
CN103531847B (en) * 2012-07-06 2015-12-16 微宏动力系统（湖州）有限公司 Lithium ion solid battery and synthetic method thereof and synthesizer
US9912014B2 (en) * 2012-08-28 2018-03-06 Applied Materials, Inc. Solid state battery fabrication
US10854929B2 (en) 2012-09-06 2020-12-01 Field Upgrading Usa, Inc. Sodium-halogen secondary cell
WO2014071160A1 (en) 2012-11-02 2014-05-08 Sion Power Corporation Electrode active surface pretreatment
US9577289B2 (en) 2012-12-17 2017-02-21 Sion Power Corporation Lithium-ion electrochemical cell, components thereof, and methods of making and using same
US9812706B2 (en) 2012-12-28 2017-11-07 Industrial Technology Research Institute Protected active metal electrode and device with the electrode
TWI481102B (en) * 2012-12-28 2015-04-11 Ind Tech Res Inst Protected active metal electrode and device with the electrode
US10164231B2 (en) 2013-02-05 2018-12-25 Hrl Laboratories, Llc Separators for lithium-sulfur batteries
KR102026508B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-09-27 시온 파워 코퍼레이션 Protected electrode structures and methods
US10862105B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-12-08 Sion Power Corporation Protected electrode structures
US20140272594A1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2014-09-18 Sion Power Corporation Protective structures for electrodes
KR102073451B1 (en) * 2013-03-15 2020-02-04 시온 파워 코퍼레이션 Protective structures for electrodes
US9917303B2 (en) 2013-04-22 2018-03-13 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Rechargeable lithium-sulfur battery having a high capacity and long cycle life
US9882238B2 (en) * 2013-05-16 2018-01-30 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Lithium-sulfur secondary battery containing gradient electrolyte
US9190696B2 (en) 2013-05-16 2015-11-17 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Lithium secondary batteries containing lithium salt-ionic liquid solvent electrolyte
US9368831B2 (en) 2013-06-10 2016-06-14 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Lithium secondary batteries containing non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte
US9705167B2 (en) * 2013-06-19 2017-07-11 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Lithium ion conducting protective film and method of use
CA2820635A1 (en) 2013-06-21 2014-12-21 Hydro-Quebec All-solid state polymer li-s electrochemical cells and their manufacturing processes
US9905860B2 (en) 2013-06-28 2018-02-27 Polyplus Battery Company Water activated battery system having enhanced start-up behavior
US9601803B2 (en) 2013-07-22 2017-03-21 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte-separator layer product for lithium battery applications
US9601805B2 (en) 2013-07-22 2017-03-21 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Process for producing non-flammable quasi-solid electrolyte and electrolyte-separator for lithium battery applications
KR102059238B1 (en) * 2013-08-08 2019-12-24 시온 파워 코퍼레이션 Self-healing electrode protection in electrochemical cells
PL3043411T3 (en) * 2013-09-02 2019-08-30 Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. Solid-state battery
US9373829B2 (en) * 2013-10-11 2016-06-21 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Porous interlayer for a lithium-sulfur battery
US20150171398A1 (en) 2013-11-18 2015-06-18 California Institute Of Technology Electrochemical separators with inserted conductive layers
US10714724B2 (en) 2013-11-18 2020-07-14 California Institute Of Technology Membranes for electrochemical cells
DE102013224302A1 (en) * 2013-11-27 2015-06-11 Robert Bosch Gmbh Electrochemical cell and method for producing an electrochemical cell
CN104681870A (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-03 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Method for treating microcrystal glass ceramic electrolyte surface
CN104681883A (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-03 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Preparation method for high-reliability water system metal lithium battery
WO2015086759A1 (en) * 2013-12-13 2015-06-18 Basf Se Alkali-ion conducting composite membranes for electronic applications
WO2015110333A1 (en) * 2014-01-23 2015-07-30 Basf Se Electrochemical cells comprising alkali-ion conducting composite membranes
WO2015126885A1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-27 Basf Se Electrode protection using a composite comprising an electrolyte-inhibiting ion conductor
WO2015126379A1 (en) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-27 Sion Power Corporation Electrode protection using electrolyte-inhibiting ion conductor
US10490796B2 (en) 2014-02-19 2019-11-26 Sion Power Corporation Electrode protection using electrolyte-inhibiting ion conductor
US9520627B2 (en) 2014-03-06 2016-12-13 International Business Machines Corporation Ion conducting hybrid membranes
EP3143657B1 (en) 2014-05-12 2019-07-10 Amprius, Inc. Structurally controlled deposition of silicon onto nanowires
CN107078277B (en) 2014-09-09 2022-07-22 赛昂能源有限公司 Protective layer in lithium-ion electrochemical cells and related electrodes and methods
WO2016057426A1 (en) 2014-10-06 2016-04-14 University Of Maryland, College Park Protection layers for metal anodes
KR101984719B1 (en) * 2014-10-23 2019-05-31 주식회사 엘지화학 Li metal electrode with multi-layer and forming method thereof
JP6800844B2 (en) 2014-10-23 2020-12-16 シオン・パワー・コーポレーション Ion conductive composite for electrochemical cells
US10164289B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2018-12-25 Polyplus Battery Company Vitreous solid electrolyte sheets of Li ion conducting sulfur-based glass and associated structures, cells and methods
US10147968B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2018-12-04 Polyplus Battery Company Standalone sulfide based lithium ion-conducting glass solid electrolyte and associated structures, cells and methods
US11749834B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2023-09-05 Polyplus Battery Company Methods of making lithium ion conducting sulfide glass
US10601071B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2020-03-24 Polyplus Battery Company Methods of making and inspecting a web of vitreous lithium sulfide separator sheet and lithium electrode assemblies
US10476065B2 (en) * 2015-01-09 2019-11-12 Applied Materials, Inc. Lithium metal coating on battery separators
US9508976B2 (en) 2015-01-09 2016-11-29 Applied Materials, Inc. Battery separator with dielectric coating
WO2016160703A1 (en) 2015-03-27 2016-10-06 Harrup Mason K All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes
CN111662560B (en) 2015-04-20 2022-08-19 德雷塞尔大学 Having nominal cell composition M' 2 M” n X n+1 Two-dimensional ordered double transition metal carbide of
KR102307909B1 (en) 2015-05-08 2021-10-01 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 lithium battery
US10461372B2 (en) 2015-05-20 2019-10-29 Sion Power Corporation Protective layers for electrochemical cells
EP3298643B1 (en) * 2015-05-21 2019-06-12 Basf Se Glass-ceramic electrolytes for lithium-sulfur batteries
DE102015209981A1 (en) 2015-05-29 2016-12-01 Robert Bosch Gmbh Solid electrolyte separator for lithium conversion cell
CN112599927B (en) * 2015-06-05 2023-01-13 应用材料公司 Battery separator with dielectric coating
CN106252589A (en) * 2015-06-12 2016-12-21 联想(北京)有限公司 A kind of flexible battery and flexible battery group
CN107925081B (en) * 2015-08-11 2021-07-13 日本电气硝子株式会社 Negative electrode active material for electricity storage device
KR101747402B1 (en) 2015-10-12 2017-06-14 주식회사 엘지화학 Composite electrode for electrochemical device, method for manufacturing the same, and electrochemical device including the same
CN105470567B (en) * 2015-11-18 2018-02-09 何整风 A kind of solid electrolyte material and preparation method thereof, solid electrolyte, lithium battery
WO2017091341A1 (en) 2015-11-24 2017-06-01 Sion Power Corporation Ionically conductive compounds and related uses
US10340528B2 (en) 2015-12-02 2019-07-02 California Institute Of Technology Three-dimensional ion transport networks and current collectors for electrochemical cells
WO2017160967A2 (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-21 3M Innovative Properties Company Membrane assemblies, electrode assemblies, membrane-electrode assemblies and electrochemical cells and liquid flow batteries therefrom
US10734642B2 (en) 2016-03-30 2020-08-04 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Elastomer-encapsulated particles of high-capacity anode active materials for lithium batteries
WO2017197039A1 (en) 2016-05-10 2017-11-16 Polyplus Battery Company Solid-state laminate electrode assemblies and methods of making
KR102349772B1 (en) 2016-05-20 2022-01-10 시온 파워 코퍼레이션 Electrode and electrochemical cell protective layer
DE102016212050A1 (en) * 2016-07-01 2018-01-04 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Composite cathode layer construction for lithium-based solid-state batteries and a method for its production
DE102016212736A1 (en) 2016-07-13 2018-01-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Process for producing a solid electrolyte, solid electrolyte and lithium ion battery
US10707531B1 (en) 2016-09-27 2020-07-07 New Dominion Enterprises Inc. All-inorganic solvents for electrolytes
DE102016226291A1 (en) * 2016-12-29 2018-07-05 Robert Bosch Gmbh Protective layer with improved contacting for lithium cells and / or lithium batteries
US11495792B2 (en) 2017-02-16 2022-11-08 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of manufacturing a lithium secondary battery having a protected high-capacity anode active material
US10211455B2 (en) 2017-02-20 2019-02-19 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Lithium secondary batteries containing protected particles of anode active materials and method of manufacturing
US10084182B2 (en) 2017-02-23 2018-09-25 Nanotek Instruments, Inc. Alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery containing a protected sulfur cathode and manufacturing method
US10840502B2 (en) 2017-02-24 2020-11-17 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Polymer binder for lithium battery and method of manufacturing
US10411264B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2019-09-10 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Cathode active material layer for lithium secondary battery and method of manufacturing
US10985373B2 (en) 2017-02-27 2021-04-20 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium battery cathode and method of manufacturing
KR102126251B1 (en) * 2017-03-22 2020-06-24 주식회사 엘지화학 Negative electrode comprising multi passivation layers and Sodium secondary battery comprising the same
US11742475B2 (en) 2017-04-03 2023-08-29 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Encapsulated anode active material particles, lithium secondary batteries containing same, and method of manufacturing
US10916766B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2021-02-09 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery containing a polymer-encapsulated sulfur cathode and manufacturing method
US10770721B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2020-09-08 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery containing anode-protecting polymer layer and manufacturing method
US10483533B2 (en) 2017-04-10 2019-11-19 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Encapsulated cathode active material particles, lithium secondary batteries containing same, and method of manufacturing
US10862129B2 (en) 2017-04-12 2020-12-08 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium anode-protecting polymer layer for a lithium metal secondary battery and manufacturing method
US10559398B2 (en) 2017-05-15 2020-02-11 International Business Machines Corporation Composite solid electrolytes for rechargeable energy storage devices
US11251501B2 (en) 2017-05-24 2022-02-15 Sion Power Corporation Lithium metal sulfide and lithium metal sulfide argyrodite ionically conductive compounds and related uses
CN107180949A (en) * 2017-06-21 2017-09-19 桑顿新能源科技有限公司 A kind of ternary system lithium battery anode and preparation method thereof
US10629950B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2020-04-21 Polyplus Battery Company Encapsulated sulfide glass solid electrolytes and solid-state laminate electrode assemblies
US10868293B2 (en) 2017-07-07 2020-12-15 Polyplus Battery Company Treating sulfide glass surfaces and making solid state laminate electrode assemblies
KR102244904B1 (en) 2017-07-13 2021-04-26 주식회사 엘지화학 Anode comprising electrode protective layer and lithium secondary battery comprising the same
US10862171B2 (en) 2017-07-19 2020-12-08 Polyplus Battery Company Solid-state laminate electrode assembly fabrication and making thin extruded lithium metal foils
US20190036158A1 (en) * 2017-07-28 2019-01-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Battery having a single-ion conducting layer
US11278862B2 (en) 2017-08-01 2022-03-22 Drexel University Mxene sorbent for removal of small molecules from dialysate
US10700357B2 (en) * 2017-08-14 2020-06-30 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery containing a protected sulfur cathode material and manufacturing method
US10804537B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2020-10-13 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Protected particles of anode active materials, lithium secondary batteries containing same and method of manufacturing
US10964951B2 (en) 2017-08-14 2021-03-30 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Anode-protecting layer for a lithium metal secondary battery and manufacturing method
CN109659474A (en) * 2017-10-12 2019-04-19 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Rigid diaphragm and solid-state lithium metal battery
CN111712941A (en) * 2017-12-22 2020-09-25 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Guiding growth of solid electrolyte interface by gradient composition
US10573894B2 (en) 2018-02-21 2020-02-25 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Protected particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
US10601034B2 (en) 2018-02-21 2020-03-24 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of producing protected particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
US11721832B2 (en) 2018-02-23 2023-08-08 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Elastomer composite-encapsulated particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
US10964936B2 (en) 2018-03-02 2021-03-30 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Conducting elastomer composite-encapsulated particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
US10971722B2 (en) 2018-03-02 2021-04-06 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of manufacturing conducting elastomer composite-encapsulated particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
WO2019173626A1 (en) 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Space Charge, LLC Thin-film solid-state energy-storage devices
US10818926B2 (en) 2018-03-07 2020-10-27 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of producing electrochemically stable elastomer-encapsulated particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
US11005094B2 (en) 2018-03-07 2021-05-11 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Electrochemically stable elastomer-encapsulated particles of anode active materials for lithium batteries
KR102507012B1 (en) * 2018-03-14 2023-03-06 현대자동차주식회사 All solid cell for vehicle
US11043694B2 (en) 2018-04-16 2021-06-22 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Alkali metal-selenium secondary battery containing a cathode of encapsulated selenium particles
US10971723B2 (en) 2018-04-16 2021-04-06 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Process for alkali metal-selenium secondary battery containing a cathode of encapsulated selenium particles
FR3080862B1 (en) * 2018-05-07 2022-12-30 I Ten METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING ANODES FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES
US10978698B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2021-04-13 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of protecting sulfur cathode materials for alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery
US11121398B2 (en) 2018-06-15 2021-09-14 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery containing cathode material particulates
US10978744B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2021-04-13 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of protecting anode of a lithium-sulfur battery
US10957912B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2021-03-23 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of extending cycle-life of a lithium-sulfur battery
US10985365B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2021-04-20 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium-sulfur battery containing two anode-protecting layers
US10854927B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2020-12-01 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of improving cycle-life of alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery
US10862157B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2020-12-08 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Alkali metal-sulfur secondary battery containing a conductive electrode-protecting layer
US10985376B2 (en) 2018-06-18 2021-04-20 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium-sulfur battery containing an electrode-protecting layer
US10734646B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2020-08-04 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery containing an electrochemically stable anode-protecting layer
US11276852B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2022-03-15 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery containing an elastic anode-protecting layer
US10784509B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2020-09-22 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery containing two anode-protecting layers
US10777810B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2020-09-15 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery containing a protected lithium anode
US10727531B2 (en) 2018-06-21 2020-07-28 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery featuring an anode-protecting layer
US10873088B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2020-12-22 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium-selenium battery containing an electrode-protecting layer and method of improving cycle-life
US10770748B2 (en) 2018-06-25 2020-09-08 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium-selenium battery containing an electrode-protecting layer and method for improving cycle-life
CN109088095B (en) * 2018-08-20 2020-06-16 中南大学 All-solid-state lithium battery and preparation method thereof
US11239460B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2022-02-01 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of producing electrochemically stable elastomer-encapsulated particles of cathode active materials for lithium batteries
US11043662B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2021-06-22 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Electrochemically stable elastomer-encapsulated particles of cathode active materials for lithium batteries
US11223049B2 (en) 2018-08-24 2022-01-11 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of producing protected particles of cathode active materials for lithium batteries
US10886528B2 (en) 2018-08-24 2021-01-05 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Protected particles of cathode active materials for lithium batteries
WO2020054549A1 (en) * 2018-09-14 2020-03-19 株式会社村田製作所 Solid-state battery and solid-state battery group
US10629899B1 (en) 2018-10-15 2020-04-21 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Production method for electrochemically stable anode particulates for lithium secondary batteries
US10971724B2 (en) 2018-10-15 2021-04-06 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of producing electrochemically stable anode particulates for lithium secondary batteries
US11791450B2 (en) 2019-01-24 2023-10-17 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Method of improving cycle life of a rechargeable lithium metal battery
US10971725B2 (en) 2019-01-24 2021-04-06 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium metal secondary battery containing elastic polymer foam as an anode-protecting layer
US11424454B2 (en) 2019-06-16 2022-08-23 Applied Materials, Inc. Protection interfaces for Li-ion battery anodes
US11404703B2 (en) * 2019-06-26 2022-08-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Conductive, anti-corrosive material
CN110993945B (en) * 2019-11-13 2021-08-27 宁德新能源科技有限公司 Negative electrode protection material and negative electrode plate for lithium metal battery and preparation method thereof
CN110801844B (en) * 2019-11-28 2022-06-07 江西理工大学 Method for preparing demercuration catalyst by using waste anode material and application of demercuration catalyst
EP3852171A1 (en) 2020-01-14 2021-07-21 EMPA Eidgenössische Materialprüfungs- und Forschungsanstalt Lithium metal anode coating
US11631889B2 (en) 2020-01-15 2023-04-18 Polyplus Battery Company Methods and materials for protection of sulfide glass solid electrolytes
CN111261934B (en) * 2020-01-21 2021-11-16 北京理工大学 Multilayer solid electrolyte, preparation method thereof and lithium battery formed by multilayer solid electrolyte
CN111403734B (en) * 2020-02-28 2022-08-05 浙江锋锂新能源科技有限公司 Lithium metal stable organic-inorganic composite film, preparation and application in inhibiting growth of lithium dendrite
CN111987287B (en) * 2020-08-26 2022-02-11 北京工业大学 Lithium metal electrode and preparation method and application thereof
US11637291B2 (en) 2020-11-04 2023-04-25 Global Graphene Group, Inc. Lithium-protecting polymer layer for an anode-less lithium metal secondary battery and manufacturing method
CN112531284B (en) * 2020-12-14 2022-10-14 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 Lithium supplement diaphragm, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery
CN112635917A (en) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-09 浙江大学 High-strength functional diaphragm for alkali metal-based battery, preparation method of high-strength functional diaphragm and alkali metal-based battery
US11677101B2 (en) 2021-01-12 2023-06-13 Global Graphene Group, Inc. High-elasticity polymer for lithium metal protection, lithium secondary battery and manufacturing method
US11637329B2 (en) 2021-02-08 2023-04-25 Global Graphene Group, Inc. High-elasticity phosphazene polymer for lithium metal protection, lithium secondary battery and manufacturing method
CN113140785A (en) * 2021-04-20 2021-07-20 惠州亿纬锂能股份有限公司 Modified solid electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof
US11955639B2 (en) * 2021-05-04 2024-04-09 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Composite interlayer for lithium metal based solid state batteries and the method of making the same
US20230059842A1 (en) * 2021-08-17 2023-02-23 Nissan North America, Inc. Anode Interlayer for All-Solid-State Batteries and Method of Manufacturing the All-Solid-State Batteries
WO2023129500A2 (en) * 2021-12-30 2023-07-06 Hyzon Motors Inc. Method of making all solid state lithium ion batteries
CN114583256B (en) * 2022-03-08 2023-05-23 中国地质大学（武汉） PEO-LiSS-PIL all-solid electrolyte membrane and preparation method and application thereof
CN114682575B (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-23 宜宾锂宝新材料有限公司 Method for reducing residual alkali on surface of high-nickel anode material, obtained material and application
CN116960349B (en) * 2023-09-20 2024-03-29 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 Negative plate, preparation method thereof, battery and electric equipment

Family Cites Families (115)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US722302A (en) * 1902-02-03 1903-03-10 Holley Heat Regulator Company Automatic gas-regulating valve.
US3528856A (en) * 1966-08-29 1970-09-15 Energy Conversion Devices Inc Thermoelectric device and method of manufacture
US3607417A (en) * 1967-12-04 1971-09-21 Ionics Battery cell
US3615835A (en) * 1969-01-16 1971-10-26 Energy Conversion Devices Inc Generation of dc voltage
US3625769A (en) * 1969-03-21 1971-12-07 Gulton Ind Inc Fuel cell
US3666560A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-05-30 Atomic Energy Commission Electrochemical power-producing cell
US3912536A (en) * 1971-03-27 1975-10-14 Montedison Spa Negative electrode for solid electrolyte cells
US3703415A (en) * 1971-06-01 1972-11-21 Gen Electric Primary sodium-water battery
US3979509A (en) * 1974-09-03 1976-09-07 General Electric Company Opaque layer method for detecting biological particles
US3976509A (en) 1975-04-04 1976-08-24 Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. Electrolyte compositions
US4007057A (en) * 1975-12-29 1977-02-08 Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. Cell comprising an alkali metal and aqueous electrolyte
US4091182A (en) * 1976-03-01 1978-05-23 General Electric Company Sealed lithium electrochemical cell with sodium beta-alumina electrolyte
US4162202A (en) * 1976-03-08 1979-07-24 P. R. Mallory & Co. Inc. Means for improving contact between Li and the anode current collector
DE2829031C3 (en) * 1977-07-07 1982-05-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma, Osaka Galvanic cell with a solid electrolyte made of lithium iodide
DE2849294C3 (en) * 1977-11-22 1982-03-04 Asahi Kasei Kogyo K.K., Osaka Thin metal halide cell and process for its manufacture
US4163084A (en) * 1978-07-27 1979-07-31 Lockheed Missiles & Space Company, Inc. Electrochemically stable cathode
US4210707A (en) * 1978-11-20 1980-07-01 General Electric Company Sealed lithium-type electrochemical cell
US4405416A (en) * 1980-07-18 1983-09-20 Raistrick Ian D Molten salt lithium cells
US4402995A (en) * 1982-01-28 1983-09-06 Ray-O-Vac Corporation Treatment of lithium anodes
JPS5931573A (en) 1982-08-16 1984-02-20 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> Negative electrode for lithium battery
US4414293A (en) * 1982-09-20 1983-11-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Parasitic corrosion resistant anode for use in metal/air or metal/O2 cells
DE3244824C2 (en) 1982-12-03 1985-10-24 Chamotte- u. Tonwerk Kurt Hagenburger, 6719 Hettenleidelheim Pouring device for pouring molten metal and method for pouring the same
US4440836A (en) 1982-12-14 1984-04-03 Union Carbide Corporation Nonaqueous cell employing an anode having a boron-containing surface film
US4981672A (en) * 1983-06-27 1991-01-01 Voltaix, Inc. Composite coating for electrochemical electrode and method
US4833048A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-05-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Metal-sulfur type cell having improved positive electrode
US4985317A (en) * 1988-11-30 1991-01-15 Japan Synthetic Rubber Co., Ltd. Lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte containing lithium titanium phosphate
US5108856A (en) * 1989-03-13 1992-04-28 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electrolyte compositions and methods
US4917974A (en) * 1989-04-14 1990-04-17 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Lithium/organosulfur redox cell having protective solid electrolyte barrier formed on anode and method of making same
US5162175A (en) * 1989-10-13 1992-11-10 Visco Steven J Cell for making secondary batteries
US5525442A (en) * 1990-09-14 1996-06-11 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Alkali metal battery
US5427873A (en) * 1990-09-14 1995-06-27 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Lithium-water battery
US5166011A (en) * 1990-11-07 1992-11-24 Alupower, Inc. Process for forming an argentic oxide containing bipolar electrode and product produced thereby and deferred actuated battery assembly employing same
US5100523A (en) * 1990-12-17 1992-03-31 Ford Motor Company Use of amorphous carbon to promote adhesion between electroactive polymer films and conductive substrates
JP2535748B2 (en) * 1991-03-04 1996-09-18 工業技術院長 Lithium recovery method
US5213908A (en) * 1991-09-26 1993-05-25 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Alkali metal carbon dioxide electrochemical system for energy storage and/or conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen
US5336384A (en) * 1991-11-14 1994-08-09 The Dow Chemical Company Membrane-electrode structure for electrochemical cells
US5696201A (en) * 1992-04-06 1997-12-09 Matec Holding Ag Sound and heat insulation having little odor
US5338625A (en) * 1992-07-29 1994-08-16 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Thin film battery and method for making same
CA2110097C (en) * 1992-11-30 2002-07-09 Soichiro Kawakami Secondary battery
US5409786A (en) * 1993-02-05 1995-04-25 Eveready Battery Company, Inc. Inactive electrochemical cell having an ionically nonconductive polymeric composition activated by electrolyte salt solution
EP0614239A3 (en) 1993-03-01 1996-10-16 Tadiran Ltd Non-aqueous safe secondary cell.
US5342710A (en) * 1993-03-30 1994-08-30 Valence Technology, Inc. Lakyer for stabilization of lithium anode
US5387479A (en) * 1993-06-16 1995-02-07 Valence Technology, Inc. Electrodes for rechargeable lithium batteries
US5314765A (en) * 1993-10-14 1994-05-24 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Protective lithium ion conducting ceramic coating for lithium metal anodes and associate method
US5569520A (en) * 1994-01-12 1996-10-29 Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. Rechargeable lithium battery for use in applications requiring a low to high power output
US5961672A (en) * 1994-02-16 1999-10-05 Moltech Corporation Stabilized anode for lithium-polymer batteries
US5648187A (en) * 1994-02-16 1997-07-15 Moltech Corporation Stabilized anode for lithium-polymer batteries
IL109845A (en) 1994-06-01 1998-08-16 Tadiran Ltd Rechargeable electrochemical cell
US5516598A (en) * 1994-07-28 1996-05-14 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Secondary cell using organosulfur/metal charge transfer materials as positive electrode
US6017651A (en) 1994-11-23 2000-01-25 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Methods and reagents for enhancing the cycling efficiency of lithium polymer batteries
US6376123B1 (en) * 1994-11-23 2002-04-23 Polyplus Battery Company Rechargeable positive electrodes
US5686201A (en) * 1994-11-23 1997-11-11 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Rechargeable positive electrodes
US6025094A (en) * 1994-11-23 2000-02-15 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Protective coatings for negative electrodes
US6358643B1 (en) 1994-11-23 2002-03-19 Polyplus Battery Company Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries
US5814420A (en) * 1994-11-23 1998-09-29 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Rechargeable positive electrodes
US5582623A (en) 1994-11-23 1996-12-10 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Methods of fabricating rechargeable positive electrodes
US5523179A (en) * 1994-11-23 1996-06-04 Polyplus Battery Company Rechargeable positive electrode
US6030720A (en) * 1994-11-23 2000-02-29 Polyplus Battery Co., Inc. Liquid electrolyte lithium-sulfur batteries
US5510209A (en) * 1995-01-05 1996-04-23 Eic Laboratories, Inc. Solid polymer electrolyte-based oxygen batteries
US5792335A (en) * 1995-03-13 1998-08-11 Magnesium Technology Limited Anodization of magnesium and magnesium based alloys
GB2304654B (en) * 1995-08-24 1999-03-24 Renthal Ltd Adjustable handlebar and handebar assembly
US5652068A (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-07-29 Northrop Grumman Corporation Metal-air battery with improved air supply
US5665481A (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-09-09 Northrop Grumman Corporation Metal-air battery
US6315881B1 (en) * 1995-11-15 2001-11-13 Kabushiki Kaisha Ohara Electric cells and gas sensors using alkali ion conductive glass ceramic
US5702995A (en) * 1995-11-15 1997-12-30 Kabushiki Kaisha Ohara Lithium ion conductive glass-ceramics
US7211532B2 (en) * 1995-11-15 2007-05-01 Kabushiki Kaisha Ohara Alkali ion conductive glass-ceramics and electric cells and gas sensors using the same
DE69720640T2 (en) * 1996-10-28 2004-03-18 Kabushiki Kaisha Ohara, Sagamihara Lithium-ion conductive glass ceramics and electrical cells and glass sensors manufactured with them
US5882812A (en) 1997-01-14 1999-03-16 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Overcharge protection systems for rechargeable batteries
JPH10302794A (en) 1997-04-30 1998-11-13 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Lithium secondary battery
US6096447A (en) * 1997-11-05 2000-08-01 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Phosphonate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte in alkali metal electrochemical cells
US6068950A (en) * 1997-11-19 2000-05-30 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Organic phosphate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte in alkali metal electrochemical cells
US6402795B1 (en) 1998-02-18 2002-06-11 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Plating metal negative electrodes under protective coatings
US6214061B1 (en) * 1998-05-01 2001-04-10 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Method for forming encapsulated lithium electrodes having glass protective layers
JP4745472B2 (en) * 1998-07-16 2011-08-10 株式会社オハラ Lithium ion conductive glass ceramic, battery using the same, and gas sensor
US6200704B1 (en) 1998-09-01 2001-03-13 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. High capacity/high discharge rate rechargeable positive electrode
US6210832B1 (en) * 1998-09-01 2001-04-03 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Mixed ionic electronic conductor coatings for redox electrodes
US6955866B2 (en) 1998-09-03 2005-10-18 Polyplus Battery Company Coated lithium electrodes
US6537701B1 (en) * 1998-09-03 2003-03-25 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Coated lithium electrodes
US6198701B1 (en) * 1998-09-03 2001-03-06 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Electrochemical timer
US6110236A (en) * 1998-09-11 2000-08-29 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Method of preparing electrodes having evenly distributed component mixtures
US6203942B1 (en) * 1998-10-22 2001-03-20 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Phosphate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable electrochemical cells
US6146787A (en) * 1998-11-11 2000-11-14 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Solid polymer battery electrolyte and reactive metal-water battery
US6194098B1 (en) * 1998-12-17 2001-02-27 Moltech Corporation Protective coating for separators for electrochemical cells
US6200701B1 (en) * 1999-01-25 2001-03-13 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Phosphonate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte in rechargeable cells
US6495285B2 (en) * 1999-01-25 2002-12-17 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Phosphonate additives for nonaqueous electrolyte in rechargeable electrochemical cells
US6225002B1 (en) * 1999-02-05 2001-05-01 Polyplus Battery Company, Inc. Dioxolane as a proctector for lithium electrodes
US6358651B1 (en) * 1999-02-26 2002-03-19 Reveo, Inc. Solid gel membrane separator in rechargeable electrochemical cells
US6228527B1 (en) * 1999-03-02 2001-05-08 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Magnesium solution phase catholyte seawater electrochemical system
JP3643289B2 (en) * 1999-04-30 2005-04-27 株式会社オハラ Glass ceramic composite electrolyte and lithium secondary battery
US6489055B1 (en) * 1999-06-25 2002-12-03 Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Lithium secondary battery
DE19940069A1 (en) * 1999-08-24 2001-03-08 Basf Ag Process for the electrochemical production of an alkali metal from an aqueous solution
US6413284B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2002-07-02 Polyplus Battery Company Encapsulated lithium alloy electrodes having barrier layers
US6413285B1 (en) * 1999-11-01 2002-07-02 Polyplus Battery Company Layered arrangements of lithium electrodes
US6797428B1 (en) * 1999-11-23 2004-09-28 Moltech Corporation Lithium anodes for electrochemical cells
WO2001039303A1 (en) * 1999-11-23 2001-05-31 Moltech Corporation Lithium anodes for electrochemical cells
US7247408B2 (en) * 1999-11-23 2007-07-24 Sion Power Corporation Lithium anodes for electrochemical cells
KR100366346B1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2002-12-31 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Negative active material for lithium secondary battery and method of preparing same
US6511772B2 (en) * 2001-01-17 2003-01-28 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Electrochemical cell having an electrode with a phosphate additive in the electrode active mixture
US6632573B1 (en) 2001-02-20 2003-10-14 Polyplus Battery Company Electrolytes with strong oxidizing additives for lithium/sulfur batteries
US6537698B2 (en) * 2001-03-21 2003-03-25 Wilson Greatbatch Ltd. Electrochemical cell having an electrode with a phosphonate additive in the electrode active mixture
US7070632B1 (en) * 2001-07-25 2006-07-04 Polyplus Battery Company Electrochemical device separator structures with barrier layer on non-swelling membrane
US6991662B2 (en) 2001-09-10 2006-01-31 Polyplus Battery Company Encapsulated alloy electrodes
US6911280B1 (en) * 2001-12-21 2005-06-28 Polyplus Battery Company Chemical protection of a lithium surface
US7390591B2 (en) * 2002-10-15 2008-06-24 Polyplus Battery Company Ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes and battery cells
US7645543B2 (en) * 2002-10-15 2010-01-12 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal/aqueous electrochemical cells and systems
CN100380712C (en) * 2002-10-15 2008-04-09 波利普拉斯电池有限公司 Ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes
ITTV20030019A1 (en) * 2003-02-07 2004-08-08 Habasit Italiana Spa PROCEDURE AND EQUIPMENT FOR CONTINUOUS SHAPING A PLASTIC MATERIAL ACCORDING TO A CORRUGATED PROFILE.
US7211351B2 (en) * 2003-10-16 2007-05-01 Cymbet Corporation Lithium/air batteries with LiPON as separator and protective barrier and method
US7608178B2 (en) * 2003-11-10 2009-10-27 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal electrolyzer
US7491458B2 (en) * 2003-11-10 2009-02-17 Polyplus Battery Company Active metal fuel cells
US7691536B2 (en) * 2004-02-20 2010-04-06 Excellatron Solid State, Llc Lithium oxygen batteries and method of producing same
US20060063051A1 (en) * 2004-09-20 2006-03-23 Jang Bor Z Metal-air battery with ion-conducting inorganic glass electrolyte
US20060078790A1 (en) * 2004-10-05 2006-04-13 Polyplus Battery Company Solid electrolytes based on lithium hafnium phosphate for active metal anode protection
US9580320B2 (en) * 2005-10-13 2017-02-28 Ohara Inc. Lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte and method for manufacturing the same
US7771880B2 (en) * 2005-11-21 2010-08-10 University Of Dayton Solid composite electrolyte membrane and method of making

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10566653B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2020-02-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Lithium sulfur nitrogen compound for anode barrier coating or solid electrolyte
US11335949B2 (en) 2015-08-14 2022-05-17 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Battery including a sulfide barrier coating

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2502438C (en) 2011-11-29
WO2004036669A3 (en) 2005-03-24
BR0315274A (en) 2005-08-23
KR20130105729A (en) 2013-09-25
US7282296B2 (en) 2007-10-16
AU2003301383A1 (en) 2004-05-04
KR20120118511A (en) 2012-10-26
JP4781676B2 (en) 2011-09-28
CN100380712C (en) 2008-04-09
CN1726608A (en) 2006-01-25
JP2006503416A (en) 2006-01-26
US20080057399A1 (en) 2008-03-06
WO2004036669A2 (en) 2004-04-29
US20040131944A1 (en) 2004-07-08
BR0315274B1 (en) 2012-04-03
MX268289B (en) 2009-07-14
EP1552572A2 (en) 2005-07-13
KR101528897B1 (en) 2015-06-16
US7432017B2 (en) 2008-10-07
KR20050070053A (en) 2005-07-05
AU2003301383B2 (en) 2009-12-10
KR20110131278A (en) 2011-12-06
MXPA05003971A (en) 2005-10-05
US20040126653A1 (en) 2004-07-01
US20080318132A1 (en) 2008-12-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CA2502438A1 (en) Ionically conductive composites for protection of active metal anodes
US9362538B2 (en) Advanced lithium ion batteries based on solid state protected lithium electrodes
US7491458B2 (en) Active metal fuel cells
US7390591B2 (en) Ionically conductive membranes for protection of active metal anodes and battery cells
US7858223B2 (en) Electrochemical device component with protected alkali metal electrode
US20160351878A1 (en) Advanced lithium ion batteries based on solid state protected lithium electrodes
US20080113261A1 (en) Chemical protection of a lithium surface
MXPA00010743A (en) Encapsulated lithium electrodes having glass protective layers and method for their preparation
MXPA02004310A (en) Layered arrangements of lithium electrodes.
CA2618635A1 (en) Compliant seal structures for protected active metal anodes

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request