CA2507177A1 - Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator - Google Patents

Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2507177A1
CA2507177A1 CA002507177A CA2507177A CA2507177A1 CA 2507177 A1 CA2507177 A1 CA 2507177A1 CA 002507177 A CA002507177 A CA 002507177A CA 2507177 A CA2507177 A CA 2507177A CA 2507177 A1 CA2507177 A1 CA 2507177A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
fram
optics
variable
image projector
light intensity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002507177A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2507177C (en
Inventor
Michel Doucet
Maxime Savard
Fancis Picard
Keith Niall
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Minister of National Defence of Canada
Institut National dOptique
Original Assignee
Minister of National Defence of Canada
Institut National dOptique
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Minister of National Defence of Canada, Institut National dOptique filed Critical Minister of National Defence of Canada
Priority to CA2507177A priority Critical patent/CA2507177C/en
Priority to PCT/CA2006/000774 priority patent/WO2006119640A1/en
Priority to US11/433,647 priority patent/US7835056B2/en
Publication of CA2507177A1 publication Critical patent/CA2507177A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2507177C publication Critical patent/CA2507177C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/005Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/005Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto
    • G03B21/008Projectors using an electronic spatial light modulator but not peculiar thereto using micromirror devices
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • G03B21/20Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3129Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM] scanning a light beam on the display screen

Abstract

An image projector comprises a plurality of flexible reflective analog modulators (FRAMs), an illumination optics for focusing at least one light source thereon, a conversion optics for converting the variations in divergence of the beams reflected therefrom into variations in intensity, and a scanning mechanism coupled to a projection optics for displaying an image, constructed of intensity modulated light dots or pixels, on a screen.
FRAM curvatures, responsible for determining the divergence of the reflected beams, and ultimately the intensity of each pixel, are varied by an actuation voltage that can be modulated using waveforms that minimize the FRAM response times. For multicolour images, three laser light sources operating at different wavelengths are used in conjunction with three linear FRAM arrays.

Claims (48)

1. An optical apparatus comprising at least one light source generating at least one input beam, at least one Flexible Reflective Analog Modulator (FRAM), said FRAM generally comprising a flexible reflective member attached to a substrate by at least one leg extending outwardly therefrom, an electrode on said substrate and an electrode on said flexible reflective member thus forming a set of electrodes for applying an actuation voltage thereon, the optical apparatus further comprising an illumination optics comprising at least one lens, said lens focusing said input beam to produce at least one focused beam, said focused beam comprising a beam waist, said FRAM having a FRAM position either in front of, behind or at said beam waist and a FRAM orientation such that said focused beam is divergently reflected by said flexible reflective member of said FRAM to produce at least one reflected beam therefrom.
2. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said light source comprises a laser.
3. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said FRAM has a FRAM position in front of said beam waist.
4. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said FRAM has a FRAM position behind said beam waist.
5. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said FRAM has a FRAM position at said beam waist.
6. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said FRAM, having a flexible reflective member, includes a natural FRAM
curvature in the absence of an applied actuation voltage defined by a natural curvature of said flexible reflective member.
7. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said FRAM has a variable FRAM curvature adjusted about said natural FRAM
curvature by a range of actuation voltages applied thereon.
8. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein said reflected beam from said FRAM has a variable reflected beam divergence which depends on said variable FRAM curvature thereof, and thus on said range of actuation voltages applied thereon.
9. The optical apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein said range of actuation voltages can be determined and applied to each said FRAM individually, each said FRAM thus operating independently.
10. A light intensity modulator comprising:

an optical apparatus for variably modifying a divergence of at least one reflected beam comprising at least one light source generating at least one input beam, at least one Flexible Reflective Analog Modulator (FRAM), said FRAM generally comprising a flexible reflective member attached to a substrate by at least one leg extending outwardly therefrom, an electrode on said substrate and an electrode on said flexible reflective member thus forming a set of electrodes for applying an actuation voltage thereon, said FRAM
having a natural FRAM curvature in the absence of an actuation voltage applied thereon defined by a natural curvature of said flexible reflective member, and a variable FRAM curvature adjusted by a range of actuation voltages applied thereon, said optical apparatus further comprising an illumination optics comprising at least one lens, said lens focusing said input beam to produce at least one focused beam, said focused beam comprising a beam waist, said FRAM having a FRAM position either in front of, behind or at said beam waist and a FRAM
orientation such that said focused beam is reflected by said flexible reflective member of said FRAM to produce at least one reflected beam therefrom, said reflected beam reflected by said FRAM
having a variable reflected beam divergence dependent on the FRAM position and the variable FRAM curvature of said FRAM, and thus on the range of actuation voltages applied thereon;

a conversion optics for converting the variable reflected beam divergence of said reflected beam into a variable reflected beam intensity.
11. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein said light source comprises a laser.
12. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein said FRAM has a FRAM position in front of said beam waist.
13. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein said FRAM has a FRAM position behind said beam waist.
14. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein said FRAM has a FRAM position at said beam waist.
15. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein said range of actuation voltages can be determined and applied to each said FRAM individually, each said FRAM thus being an independently operated FRAM.
16. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, wherein said conversion optics comprises either Cassegrain optics, Schlieren optics, mask arrangements combined with optics, or any combination thereof.
17. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, comprising an electronic driver performing all FRAM driving functions required for the proper operation of said FRAM.
18. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 17, wherein said FRAM driving functions comprise light modulation data processing.
19. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 17, wherein said FRAM driving functions comprise digital-to-analog data conversion.
20. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 17, wherein said FRAM driving functions comprise actuation voltage amplification.
21. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 17, wherein said FRAM driving functions comprise coarse and fine offset generation.
22. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 17, wherein said range of actuation voltages are applied using at least one actuation voltage waveform constructed to minimize the response time of said FRAM.
23. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 22, wherein said actuation voltage waveform comprises either an exponentially varying voltage waveform, a decreasing or increasing electrostatic pressure ramp waveform, a two-step function actuation waveform, an accelerated two-step actuation waveform, a filtered step function waveform, or any combination thereof.
24. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 22, wherein said FRAM driving functions comprise actuation voltage waveform shaping.
25. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 10, comprising a plurality of FRAMs organized in at least one FRAM array, said FRAM
array comprising at least two FRAMs.
26. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 25, wherein said FRAM array comprises at least one linear FRAM array.
27 27. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 26, wherein said illumination optics is configured to address said linear FRAM array.
28. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 27, wherein said illumination optics comprise either a microlens array, a diffraction grating, an optics for generating a focused beam comprising cylindrical wavefronts, or any combination thereof.
29. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 27, wherein said range of actuation voltages can be determined and applied to each said FRAM individually, each said FRAM thus being an independently operated FRAM.
30. The light intensity modulator as claimed in claim 29, wherein each linear FRAM array of independently operated FRAMs produces at least one line of variable intensity light dots.
31. An image projector comprising:

an optical apparatus for variably modifying the divergence of at least one reflected beam comprising at least one light source generating at least one input beam, a plurality of independently operated Flexible Reflective Analog Modulators (FRAMs) organized in at least one linear FRAM array, said linear FRAM array comprising at least one FRAM, each said FRAM generally comprising a flexible reflective member attached to a flat substrate by at least one leg extending outwardly therefrom, an electrode on said substrate and an electrode on said flexible reflective member thus forming a set of electrodes for applying an actuation voltage thereon, each said FRAM having a natural FRAM curvature in the absence of an actuation voltage applied thereon defined by a natural curvature of said respective flexible reflective member and a variable FRAM
curvature adjusted by a range of actuation voltages applied thereon, said optical apparatus further comprising an illumination optics configured to address said linear FRAM array, said illumination optics focusing said input beam to produce at least one focused beam, said focused beam comprising a beam waist, said FRAM array having a FRAM array position either in front of, behind or at said beam waist and a FRAM array orientation such that said focused beam is reflected by said flexible reflective members of said FRAMs of said FRAM array to produce a plurality of reflected beams therefrom, each said reflected beam reflected by a respective FRAM of said FRAM array having a variable reflected beam divergence dependent on the respective FRAM position and the variable FRAM curvature of said respective FRAM, and thus on the range of actuation voltages applied thereon;

a conversion optics for converting the variable reflected beam divergence of each said reflected beam into a variable reflected beam intensity, said linear FRAM array of independently operated FRAMs thus producing at least one line of variable intensity light dots;

a scanning mechanism coupled to a projection optics, said scanning mechanism scanning through said at least one line of variable intensity light dots in a scanning direction perpendicular thereto, thus projecting, in conjunction with said projection optics, a bidimensional image.
32. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein said light source comprises a laser.
33. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein each said FRAM has a FRAM position in front of said beam waist.
34. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein each said FRAM has a FRAM position behind said beam waist.
35. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein each said FRAM has a FRAM position at said beam waist.
36. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein said illumination optics comprises either a microlens array, a diffraction grating, an optics for generating a focused beam comprising cylindrical wavefronts, or any combination thereof.
37. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein said conversion optics comprises either Cassegrain optics, Schlieren optics, mask arrangements combined with optics, or any combination thereof.
38. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, comprising an electronic driver performing all FRAM driving functions required for the proper operation of said FRAMs.
39. The image projector as claimed in claim 46, wherein said FRAM
driving functions comprise light modulation data processing.
40. The image projector as claimed in claim 46, wherein said FRAM
driving functions comprise digital-to-analog data conversion.
41. The image projector as claimed in claim 46, wherein said FRAM
driving functions comprise actuation voltage amplification.
42. The image projector as claimed in claim 46, wherein said FRAM
driving functions comprise coarse and fine offset generation.
43. The image projector as claimed in claim 46, wherein said range of voltages is applied using at least one actuation voltage waveform constructed to minimize the response time of said FRAMs.
44. The image projector as claimed in claim 51, wherein said actuation voltage waveform comprises either an exponentially varying voltage waveform, a decreasing or increasing electrostatic pressure ramp waveform, a two-step function actuation waveform, an accelerated two-step actuation waveform, a filtered step function waveform, or any combination thereof.
45. The image projector as claimed in claim 51, wherein said FRAM
driving functions also comprise actuation voltage waveform shaping.
46. The image projector as claimed in claim 39, wherein said at least one light source comprises at least two laser light sources, said laser light sources operating at different wavelengths, each said laser light source illuminating a respective said linear FRAM array, each said respective linear FRAM array generating a respective line of said variable intensity light dots, said lines of variable intensity light dots being combined to form a multicoloured line of variable intensity light dots to be directed toward said scanning mechanism and said projection optics to produce a bidimensional multicolour image.
47. The image projector as claimed in claim 54, wherein said wavelengths represent additive colours.
48. The image projector as claimed in claim 54, wherein said additive colours comprise red, green and blue.
CA2507177A 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator Expired - Fee Related CA2507177C (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2507177A CA2507177C (en) 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator
PCT/CA2006/000774 WO2006119640A1 (en) 2005-05-13 2006-05-12 Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator
US11/433,647 US7835056B2 (en) 2005-05-13 2006-05-12 Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA2507177A CA2507177C (en) 2005-05-13 2005-05-13 Image projector with flexible reflective analog modulator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2507177A1 true CA2507177A1 (en) 2006-11-13
CA2507177C CA2507177C (en) 2012-04-24

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Country Status (3)

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US (1) US7835056B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2507177C (en)
WO (1) WO2006119640A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7835056B2 (en) 2010-11-16
WO2006119640A1 (en) 2006-11-16
US20060291269A1 (en) 2006-12-28
CA2507177C (en) 2012-04-24

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