CA2507254A1 - Apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient - Google Patents

Apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2507254A1
CA2507254A1 CA002507254A CA2507254A CA2507254A1 CA 2507254 A1 CA2507254 A1 CA 2507254A1 CA 002507254 A CA002507254 A CA 002507254A CA 2507254 A CA2507254 A CA 2507254A CA 2507254 A1 CA2507254 A1 CA 2507254A1
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CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
patient
pressure
flow
processing means
delivered
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002507254A
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French (fr)
Other versions
CA2507254C (en
Inventor
Heather Ressler
Jeff Kepler
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Philips RS North America LLC
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Individual
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Publication of CA2507254A1 publication Critical patent/CA2507254A1/en
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Publication of CA2507254C publication Critical patent/CA2507254C/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0051—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes with alarm devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
    • A61M16/0069—Blowers or centrifugal pumps the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
    • A61M16/022—Control means therefor
    • A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
    • A61M16/203—Proportional
    • A61M16/204—Proportional used for inhalation control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/20—Valves specially adapted to medical respiratory devices
    • A61M16/201—Controlled valves
    • A61M16/202—Controlled valves electrically actuated
    • A61M16/203—Proportional
    • A61M16/205—Proportional used for exhalation control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
    • A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
    • A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
    • A61M2016/0021—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0027—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure pressure meter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0036—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the breathing tube and used in both inspiratory and expiratory phase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
    • A61M2016/0033—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical
    • A61M2016/0039—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter electrical in the inspiratory circuit

Abstract

A system including methods and apparatus for treatment of a medical disorder such as obstructive sleep apnea or congestive heart failure. The system involves applying a gain to flow rate of pressurized gas delivered to a patient during inspiratory and/or expiratory phases of a respiratory cycle to deliver the pressurized gas in proportion to the respective gains during inspiration and/or expiration. A base pressure may be applied in addition to the gain-modified pressures and an elevated pressure profile may be employed to assist or control inspiration. The system may be utilized in connection with conventional continuous positive airway pressure treatments, such as CPAP
or bi-level positive airway pressure equipment to effect various beneficial treatment applications.

Claims (10)

1. An apparatus for delivering pressurized breathing gas to an airway of a patient, that includes: a gas flow generator, a patient interface coupled to the gas flow generator to communicate a flow of breathing gas from the gas flow generator with an airway of a patient, a sensor associated with the gas flow generator or the patient interface that detects a fluid characteristic associated with the flow of breathing gas within the patient interface and outputs a signal corresponding to the fluid characteristic, a pressure controller associated with the gas flow generator or the patient interface to control a pressure of the flow of breathing gas delivered to a patient, an input device, and a processing means, adapted to receive the signal output from the sensor, and a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and an expiratory gain Gain Exp from the input device, characterized in that:
the processing means determinines a pressure to be delivered to a patient during inhalation (Pinhalation) as:
Pinhalation = CPAP, and determining a pressure to be delivered to such a patient during exhalation (Pexhalation) as:
Pexhalation = CPAP + Gain Exp * (Flow - FlowOffset), where "Flow" is the current patient flow measured by the sensor, where "FlowOffset"
corresponds to a final value of patient flow during inspiration responsive to the final value being positive, otherwise FlowOffest is set to zero, and wherein the processing means controls the pressure controller so as to deliver a pressure corresponding to Pinhalation during an inspiratory phase of a breathing cycle and corresponding to Pexhalation during an expiatory phase of a breathing cycle.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the patient interface includes a conduit, and wherein the pressure controller is a valve associated with the conduit that exhausts gas from the conduit to control the pressure of the flow of breathing gas delivered to such a patient.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the CPAP level is set via the input device.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the CPAP level is determined by the processing means based on an output of the sensor.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing means controls the pressure controller so as to prevent pressure oscillations during expiration.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the processing means controls the pressure controller to prevent oscillations by causing the pressure controller to provide a pressure to a patient during expiration after a maximum pressure reduction has been met at a greater of (1) Pexhalation and (2) a current pressure being provided to such a patient.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the processing means also limits a rate of change for the pressure of the flow of breathing gas to be delivered to such a patient.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the processing means sets a first rate of change limit for an increase in the pressure to be delivered to a patient and sets second rate of change limit for a decrease in the pressure to be delivered to a patient.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising means for smoothing transitions between changes in a pressure of the flow of breathing gas to be delivered to a patient.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the means for smoothing comprises a filter for filtering a signal provided by the processing means to the pressure controller, wherein the signal corresponds to Pexhalation or Pinhalation determined by the processing means.
CA2507254A 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient Expired - Lifetime CA2507254C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/304,590 2002-11-26
US10/304,590 US6932084B2 (en) 1994-06-03 2002-11-26 Method and apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient
PCT/US2003/037697 WO2004047621A2 (en) 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2507254A1 true CA2507254A1 (en) 2004-06-10
CA2507254C CA2507254C (en) 2011-08-09

Family

ID=32392433

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2507254A Expired - Lifetime CA2507254C (en) 2002-11-26 2003-11-25 Apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (6) US6932084B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1565224B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4426462B2 (en)
AU (1) AU2003295925B2 (en)
BR (1) BR0316705B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2507254C (en)
WO (1) WO2004047621A2 (en)

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