CA2514158A1 - Enhanced production of clotting factors by cryoprecipitation - Google Patents
Enhanced production of clotting factors by cryoprecipitation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2514158A1 CA2514158A1 CA002514158A CA2514158A CA2514158A1 CA 2514158 A1 CA2514158 A1 CA 2514158A1 CA 002514158 A CA002514158 A CA 002514158A CA 2514158 A CA2514158 A CA 2514158A CA 2514158 A1 CA2514158 A1 CA 2514158A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- cryoprecipitate
- plasma
- extraction solution
- trisodium citrate
- separating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims 4
- 102000015081 Blood Coagulation Factors Human genes 0.000 title abstract 2
- 108010039209 Blood Coagulation Factors Proteins 0.000 title abstract 2
- 239000003114 blood coagulation factor Substances 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 32
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 19
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract 15
- HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium citrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O HRXKRNGNAMMEHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 229940038773 trisodium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract 15
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 102000009123 Fibrin Human genes 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 108010073385 Fibrin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract 3
- BWGVNKXGVNDBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fibrin monomer Chemical compound CNC(=O)CNC(=O)CN BWGVNKXGVNDBDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 229950003499 fibrin Drugs 0.000 claims abstract 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 8
- 239000003686 blood clotting factor concentrate Substances 0.000 claims 8
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 6
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000002616 plasmapheresis Methods 0.000 claims 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 102000004506 Blood Proteins Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 108010017384 Blood Proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 210000000601 blood cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012503 blood component Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K1/00—General methods for the preparation of peptides, i.e. processes for the organic chemical preparation of peptides or proteins of any length
- C07K1/14—Extraction; Separation; Purification
- C07K1/30—Extraction; Separation; Purification by precipitation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N1/00—Preservation of bodies of humans or animals, or parts thereof
- A01N1/02—Preservation of living parts
- A01N1/0205—Chemical aspects
- A01N1/021—Preservation or perfusion media, liquids, solids or gases used in the preservation of cells, tissue, organs or bodily fluids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/13—Amines
- A61K31/135—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline
- A61K31/136—Amines having aromatic rings, e.g. ketamine, nortriptyline having the amino group directly attached to the aromatic ring, e.g. benzeneamine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/185—Acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof, e.g. sulfur acids, imidic, hydrazonic or hydroximic acids
- A61K31/19—Carboxylic acids, e.g. valproic acid
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/54—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/56—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids
- A61K31/57—Compounds containing cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene ring systems; Derivatives thereof, e.g. steroids substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane or progesterone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/74—Synthetic polymeric materials
- A61K31/785—Polymers containing nitrogen
- A61K31/787—Polymers containing nitrogen containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom
- A61K31/79—Polymers of vinyl pyrrolidone
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/14—Blood; Artificial blood
- A61K35/16—Blood plasma; Blood serum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
- A61K47/08—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite containing oxygen, e.g. ethers, acetals, ketones, quinones, aldehydes, peroxides
- A61K47/12—Carboxylic acids; Salts or anhydrides thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/0005—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
- A61L2/0011—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using physical methods
- A61L2/0023—Heat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/0005—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts
- A61L2/0082—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor for pharmaceuticals, biologicals or living parts using chemical substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L24/00—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices
- A61L24/04—Surgical adhesives or cements; Adhesives for colostomy devices containing macromolecular materials
- A61L24/10—Polypeptides; Proteins
- A61L24/106—Fibrin; Fibrinogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/745—Blood coagulation or fibrinolysis factors
Abstract
The blood collection, processing and transfer by separation of discrete components containing additional citrate (at least about trisodium citrate 9%
w/v) in one or other of collection or processing bag provides for enhanced yield and purity of cryoprecipitate. Inhibiting the activation or denaturation of blood components including blood cells and plasma proteins and with the removal of the activated and denatured components thereby improving safety and efficacy of end products. The inventive process is particularly suited to an improved extraction process to yield concentrated clotting factors from single donors or limited pools without use of chromatography. Following extraction the remaining cryoprecipitate can advantageously be formed into a fibrin fabric used in surgeries and in the treatment of wounds.
w/v) in one or other of collection or processing bag provides for enhanced yield and purity of cryoprecipitate. Inhibiting the activation or denaturation of blood components including blood cells and plasma proteins and with the removal of the activated and denatured components thereby improving safety and efficacy of end products. The inventive process is particularly suited to an improved extraction process to yield concentrated clotting factors from single donors or limited pools without use of chromatography. Following extraction the remaining cryoprecipitate can advantageously be formed into a fibrin fabric used in surgeries and in the treatment of wounds.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing a clotting factor concentrate without using chromatography comprising the steps of:
adding trisodium citrate to plasma to yield a concentration of trisodium citrate of at least about 9% weight by volume;
allowing cryoprecipitate to form in the plasma;
separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma;
extracting the cryoprecipitate at a low temperature with a cold extraction solution containing calcium chloride; and separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution wherein the separated extraction solution is the clotting factor concentrate.
adding trisodium citrate to plasma to yield a concentration of trisodium citrate of at least about 9% weight by volume;
allowing cryoprecipitate to form in the plasma;
separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma;
extracting the cryoprecipitate at a low temperature with a cold extraction solution containing calcium chloride; and separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution wherein the separated extraction solution is the clotting factor concentrate.
2. The method according to Claim 1, wherein forming cryoprecipitate does not involve freezing the plasma.
3. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the concentration of the trisodium citrate is between about 10% and about 15% weight by volume.
4. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the step of separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma employs centrifugation.
5. The method according Claim 1, wherein the step of extracting takes place at a temperature below about 10°C.
6. The method according Claim 1 further comprising the step of removing citrate from the clotting factor concentrate.
7. The method according Claim 1 further comprising the step of removing calcium from the clotting factor concentrate.
8. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the step of separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution employs centrifugation.
9. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the extraction solution contains about 0.9% sodium chloride, weight by volume and about 0.3M
calcium chloride.
calcium chloride.
10. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the extraction solution has a pH between about 5.0 and about 7Ø
1 1. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the step of adding trisodium citrate is accomplished by collecting the plasma directly into a container holding the trisodium citrate.
12. The method of Claim 11, wherein the plasma is collected by plasmapheresis.
13. ~A method for producing a clotting factor concentrate without using chromatography comprising the steps of:
adding trisodium citrate to plasma to yield a concentration of trisodium citrate of about 12% weight by volume;
allowing cryoprecipitate to form in the plasma;
separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma by centrifugation;
extracting the cryoprecipitate at a low temperature with a cold extraction solution containing sodium chloride and calcium chloride; and separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution by centrifugation wherein the separated extraction solution is the clotting factor concentrate.
14. ~The method according to Claim 13, wherein forming cryoprecipitate does not involve freezing the plasma.
15. ~The method according Claim 13, wherein the step of extracting takes place at a temperature below about 10 °C.
16. ~The method according Claim 13 further comprising the step of removing citrate from the clotting factor concentrate.
17. ~The method according Claim 13 further comprising the step of removing calcium from the clotting factor concentrate.
18. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the extraction solution contains about 0.9% sodium chloride, weight by volume and about 0.3M
calcium chloride.
19. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the extraction solution has a pH between about 5.0 and about 7Ø
20. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the extraction solution has a pH of about 5.5.
21. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the step of adding trisodium citrate is accomplished by collecting the plasma directly into a container holding the trisodium citrate.
22. The method of Claim 21, wherein the plasma is collected by plasmapheresis.
23. A method for producing a fibrin membrane without using chromatography comprising the steps of:
adding trisodium citrate to plasma to yield a concentration of trisodium citrate of at least about 9% weight by volume;
allowing cryoprecipitate to form in the plasma;
separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma;
extracting the cryoprecipitate at a low temperature with a cold extraction solution containing calcium chloride;
separating the extraction solution from the cryoprecipitate;
molding the cryoprecipitate into a sheet; and treating the molded cryoprecipitate to form a fibrin membrane.
24. The method according to Claim 23, wherein treating the molded cryoprecipitate involves heating the molded cryoprecipitate.
25. The method according to Claim 23 further comprising a step of embedding a mess within the cryoprecipitate prior to the step of treating the molded cryoprecipitate.
26. The method according to Claim 23, wherein forming cryoprecipitate does not involve freezing the plasma.
27. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the concentration of the trisodium citrate is between about 10% and about 15% weight by volume.
28. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the step of separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma employs centrifugation.
29. The method according Claim 23, wherein the step of extracting takes place at a temperature below about 10°C.
30. The method according. to Claim 23, wherein the step of separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution employs centrifugation.
31. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the extraction solution contains about 0.9% sodium chloride, weight by volume and about 0.3M
calcium chloride.
32. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the extraction solution has a pH between about 5.0 and about 7Ø
33. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the step of adding trisodium citrate is accomplished by collecting the plasma directly into a container holding the trisodium citrate.
34. The method of Claim 33, wherein the plasma is collected by plasmapheresis.
1 1. The method according to Claim 1, wherein the step of adding trisodium citrate is accomplished by collecting the plasma directly into a container holding the trisodium citrate.
12. The method of Claim 11, wherein the plasma is collected by plasmapheresis.
13. ~A method for producing a clotting factor concentrate without using chromatography comprising the steps of:
adding trisodium citrate to plasma to yield a concentration of trisodium citrate of about 12% weight by volume;
allowing cryoprecipitate to form in the plasma;
separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma by centrifugation;
extracting the cryoprecipitate at a low temperature with a cold extraction solution containing sodium chloride and calcium chloride; and separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution by centrifugation wherein the separated extraction solution is the clotting factor concentrate.
14. ~The method according to Claim 13, wherein forming cryoprecipitate does not involve freezing the plasma.
15. ~The method according Claim 13, wherein the step of extracting takes place at a temperature below about 10 °C.
16. ~The method according Claim 13 further comprising the step of removing citrate from the clotting factor concentrate.
17. ~The method according Claim 13 further comprising the step of removing calcium from the clotting factor concentrate.
18. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the extraction solution contains about 0.9% sodium chloride, weight by volume and about 0.3M
calcium chloride.
19. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the extraction solution has a pH between about 5.0 and about 7Ø
20. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the extraction solution has a pH of about 5.5.
21. The method according to Claim 13, wherein the step of adding trisodium citrate is accomplished by collecting the plasma directly into a container holding the trisodium citrate.
22. The method of Claim 21, wherein the plasma is collected by plasmapheresis.
23. A method for producing a fibrin membrane without using chromatography comprising the steps of:
adding trisodium citrate to plasma to yield a concentration of trisodium citrate of at least about 9% weight by volume;
allowing cryoprecipitate to form in the plasma;
separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma;
extracting the cryoprecipitate at a low temperature with a cold extraction solution containing calcium chloride;
separating the extraction solution from the cryoprecipitate;
molding the cryoprecipitate into a sheet; and treating the molded cryoprecipitate to form a fibrin membrane.
24. The method according to Claim 23, wherein treating the molded cryoprecipitate involves heating the molded cryoprecipitate.
25. The method according to Claim 23 further comprising a step of embedding a mess within the cryoprecipitate prior to the step of treating the molded cryoprecipitate.
26. The method according to Claim 23, wherein forming cryoprecipitate does not involve freezing the plasma.
27. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the concentration of the trisodium citrate is between about 10% and about 15% weight by volume.
28. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the step of separating the cryoprecipitate from the plasma employs centrifugation.
29. The method according Claim 23, wherein the step of extracting takes place at a temperature below about 10°C.
30. The method according. to Claim 23, wherein the step of separating the cryoprecipitate from the extraction solution employs centrifugation.
31. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the extraction solution contains about 0.9% sodium chloride, weight by volume and about 0.3M
calcium chloride.
32. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the extraction solution has a pH between about 5.0 and about 7Ø
33. The method according to Claim 23, wherein the step of adding trisodium citrate is accomplished by collecting the plasma directly into a container holding the trisodium citrate.
34. The method of Claim 33, wherein the plasma is collected by plasmapheresis.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/280,501 US7297716B2 (en) | 2000-10-23 | 2002-10-25 | Enhanced production of blood components, blood cells and plasma without freezing |
US10/280,501 | 2002-10-25 | ||
US10/459,804 US7411006B2 (en) | 2000-10-23 | 2003-06-12 | Enhanced production of blood clotting factors and fibrin fabric |
US10/459,804 | 2003-06-12 | ||
PCT/US2003/033646 WO2004039382A1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Enhanced production of clotting factors by cryoprecipitation |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA2514158A1 true CA2514158A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
CA2514158C CA2514158C (en) | 2010-05-04 |
Family
ID=32233083
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA2514158A Expired - Fee Related CA2514158C (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Enhanced production of clotting factors by cryoprecipitation |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US7411006B2 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003295354B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2514158C (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004039382A1 (en) |
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-
2003
- 2003-06-12 US US10/459,804 patent/US7411006B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-23 CA CA2514158A patent/CA2514158C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-23 WO PCT/US2003/033646 patent/WO2004039382A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-23 AU AU2003295354A patent/AU2003295354B2/en not_active Ceased
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2008
- 2008-07-28 US US12/181,151 patent/US8003706B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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AU2003295354A1 (en) | 2004-05-25 |
CA2514158C (en) | 2010-05-04 |
WO2004039382A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
AU2003295354B2 (en) | 2008-04-03 |
US7411006B2 (en) | 2008-08-12 |
US20090018313A1 (en) | 2009-01-15 |
US20050196393A1 (en) | 2005-09-08 |
US8003706B2 (en) | 2011-08-23 |
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