CA2520032C - Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield - Google Patents

Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CA2520032C
CA2520032C CA2520032A CA2520032A CA2520032C CA 2520032 C CA2520032 C CA 2520032C CA 2520032 A CA2520032 A CA 2520032A CA 2520032 A CA2520032 A CA 2520032A CA 2520032 C CA2520032 C CA 2520032C
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
chamber
end section
pharmaceutical formulation
capsule
shield
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CA2520032A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2520032A1 (en
Inventor
Michael John Dunkley
Jonathan David Tuckwell
Edward William Vernon-Harcourt
Sameer Shirgaonkar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BGP Products Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Novartis AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=33299853&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=CA2520032(C) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Novartis AG filed Critical Novartis AG
Publication of CA2520032A1 publication Critical patent/CA2520032A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2520032C publication Critical patent/CA2520032C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M11/00Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
    • A61M11/02Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes operated by air or other gas pressure applied to the liquid or other product to be sprayed or atomised
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/003Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/003Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using capsules, e.g. to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0033Details of the piercing or cutting means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06Solids
    • A61M2202/064Powder
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2206/00Characteristics of a physical parameter; associated device therefor
    • A61M2206/10Flow characteristics
    • A61M2206/16Rotating swirling helical flow, e.g. by tangential inflows

Abstract

An aerosolization apparatus (100) comprises a housing (105) defining a chamber (110) having a plurality of air inlets (115). The chamber (110) contains an aersolizable pharmaceutical formulation or is sized to receive a receptacle (125) which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation. A shield (170) covers at least one of the air inlets (115) or a portion of at least one of the air inlets (115). The shield (170) prevents blockage of the air inlet (115) by a user grasping the apparatus (100) and inadvertently covering the air inlet (115). An end section (140) is associated with the housing (105). The end section (140) is sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section (140) to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle (125).

Description

AEROSOLIZATION APPARATUS WITH AIR INLET SHIELD
BACKGROUND
The need for effective therapeutic treatment of patients has resulted in the development of a variety of techniques for delivering a pharmaceutical formulation to a patient. One traditional technique involves the oral delivery of a pharmaceutical formulation in the form of a pill, capsule, or the like.
Inhaleable drug delivery, where an aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation is orally or nasally inhaled by a patient to deliver the formulation to the patient's respiratory tract, has also proven to be an effective manner of delivery. In one inhalation technique, a pharmaceutical formulation is delivered deep within a patient's lungs where it may be absorbed into the blood stream. In another inhalation technique, a pharmaceutical formulation is delivered locally to a particular site, such as an infected lung. Many types of inhalation devices exist including devices that aerosolize a dry powder pharmaceutical formulation.
One type of inhalation device aerosolizes a pharmaceutical formulation that is stored in a capsule. For example, a dose or a portion of a dose of a dry powder pharmaceutical formulation may be stored in a capsule, and the capsule may be inserted into an aerosolization device which is capable of aerosolizing the pharmaceutical formulation. The aerosolization may be accomplished by causing the capsule to move within a chamber, for example by flowing air through the chamber using a user's inhalation pressure to generate the airflow. As the capsule moves within the chamber, the pharmaceutical formulation exits the capsule though one or more openings in the capsule, and the pharmaceutical formulation is entrained by the flowing air in an aerosolized form.
The aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation may then be inhaled by the user, and a dose or portion of a dose of the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation may be delivered to the user's respiratory tract.
-2-The size and quality of the dose delivered to the user is dependent on the amount and condition. of aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation that exits the capsule. However, in conventional aerosolization devices, the amount and condition of the aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation may vary from use to use and/or from user to user. For example, sometimes it is difficult to cause large amounts of the pharmaceutical formulation to exit the capsule when a user is unable to generate a high flow rate of air through the device. The inefficient release of pharmaceutical formulation can be costly and can result in the necessity for numerous operations of the device in order to achieve a desire dosage. In some circumstances, the pharmaceutical formulation exits the capsule in agglomerated form, the agglomerations being undesirably large for inhalation therapy.
Therefore, it is desirable to be able to aerosolize a pharmaceutical formulation in a consistent manner. It is further desirable to be able to aerosolize a pharmaceutical formulation in a manner that extracts an increased amount of the pharmaceutical formulation from a receptacle. It is also desirable to be able to aerosolize a pharmaceutical formulation in a more deagglomerated form.
SUMMARY
The present invention satisfies these needs. In one aspect of the invention, an aerosolization apparatus comprises a chamber that receives a receptacle, the chamber having a plurality of air inlets wherein at least one, but preferably not all, of the air inlets is shielded by a shielding member.
In another aspect of the invention, a handheld aerosolization apparatus comprises a housing defining a chamber having a plurality of air inlets, the chamber being sized to receive a receptacle which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation; a shield which covers at least one but not all of the air inlets, whereby the shield prevents blockage of the at least one air inlet by a user grasping the apparatus; and an end section associated with the housing, the end section sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle.
-3-In another aspect of the invention, a handheld aerosolization apparatus comprises a housing defining a chamber having a plurality of air inlets, the chamber being sized to receive a receptacle which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation; a shield which covers a portion of but not all of at least one of the air inlets; and an end section associated with the housing, the end section sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle.
In another aspect of the invention, a handheld aerosolization apparatus comprises a housing defining a chamber having one or more air inlets, the chamber being sized to receive a receptacle which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation; a shield extending around only a portion of transverse circumference of the housing, the shield covering at least one air inlets, whereby the shield prevents blockage of the at least one air inlet by a user grasping the apparatus; and an end section associated with the housing, the end section sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle.
In another aspect of the invention, a method of aerosolizing a pharmaceutical formulation comprises providing an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation in a chamber, the chamber having a plurality of air inlets;
shielding at least one but not all of the air inlets from being blocked by a user grasping the chamber; aerosolizing the pharmaceutical formulation by flowing air through the chamber; and administering the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation to the respiratory tract of a user during the user's inhalation.
In another aspect of the invention, a method of aerosolizing a pharmaceutical formulation comprises providing an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation in a chamber, the chamber having one or more air inlets; shielding only a portion of at least one of the air inlets from being blocked by a user grasping the chamber; aerosolizing the pharmaceutical formulation by flowing air through the chamber; and administering the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation to the respiratory tract of a user during the user's inhalation.
-4-DRAWINGS
These features, aspects, and advantages of the present invention will become better understood with regard to the following description, appended claims, and accompanying drawings which illustrate exemplary features of the invention. However, it is to be understood that each of the features can be used in the invention in general, not merely in the context of the particular drawings, and the invention includes any combination of these features, where:
Figure IA is a schematic sectional side view of a version of an aerosolization apparatus according to the invention in an initial position;
Figure 1B is a schematic sectional side view of the version of an aerosolization apparatus shown in Figure lA at the beginning of an aerosolization process;
Figure 1C is a schematic sectional side view of the version of an aerosolization apparatus shown in Figure 1A during an aerosolization process;
Figure 2 is a schematic sectional end view of a version of an aerosolization apparatus having an air inlet shield;
Figure 3A is a schematic sectional side view of a version of an aerosolization apparatus in a rest position;
Figure 3B is a schematic sectional side view of the version of an aerosolization apparatus shown in Figure 3A just before capsule puncture;
Figure 3C is a schematic sectional side view of the version of an aerosolization apparatus shown in Figure 3A as the capsule is being punctured;
Figure 3D is a schematic sectional side view of the version of an aerosolization apparatus shown in Figure 3A just after capsule puncture;
Figure 3E is a schematic sectional side view of the version of an aerosolization apparatus shown in Figure 3A in use;
Figure 4 is a schematic side view of a version of an aerosolization apparatus;
Figure 5 is a schematic side view of a version of an inlet shield for use with an aerosolization apparatus;
5 PCT/US2004/010928 Figure 6 is a schematic side view of another version of an inlet shield for use with an aerosolization apparatus; and Figure 7 is a schematic side view of another version of an inlet shield for use with an aerosolization apparatus.
DESCRIPTION
The present invention relates to an aerosolization apparatus. In particular, the invention relates to an aerosolization apparatus capable of aerosolizing a pharmaceutical formulation contained in a receptacle, such as a capsule. Although the process is illustrated in the context of aerosolizing a dry powder pharmaceutical formulation for inhalation, the present invention can be used in other processes and should not be limited to the examples provided herein.
An aerosolization apparatus 100 according to the present invention is shown schematically in Figure 1A. The aerosolization apparatus 100 comprises a housing 105 defining a chamber 110 having one or more air inlets 115 and one or more air outlets 120. The chamber 110 is sized to receive a receptacle 125 which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation. The receptacle 125 has an opening 130 thereinto that provides a communication between the chamber 110 and the pharmaceutical formulation within the receptacle 125. Near or adjacent the outlet 120 is an end section 140 that may be sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through an opening 145 in the end section 140 that is in communication with the chamber outlet 120.
The aerosolization apparatus 100 utilizes air flowing through the chamber 110 to aerosolize the pharmaceutical formulation in the receptacle 125.
For example, Figures 1A through 1C illustrate the operation of a version of an aerosolization apparatus 100 where air flowing through the inlet 115 is used to cause aerosolization of the pharmaceutical formulation and the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation flows through the outlet 120 so that it may be delivered to the user through the opening 145 in the end section 140. The aerosolization apparatus 100 is shown in its initial condition in Figure IA. The receptacle 125 is positioned within the chamber 110 and the pharmaceutical formulation is secured
-6-within the receptacle 125. In the version shown, a partition 150 blocks the forward end of the chamber 110, and the partition 150 has the one or more outlets 120 extending therethrough.
Air or other gas is then caused to flow through an inlet 115, as shown by arrows 155 in Figure 1B. For example, the airflow 155 may be generated by a user inhaling 160 through the opening 145 in the end section 140. The airflow 155 initially draws the receptacle toward the partition 150. Continued airflow 155, as shown in Figure 1C, causes the receptacle 125 to move within the chamber 110.
In the configuration shown, the receptacle 125 may contact the partition 150 at its forward end and then move about the sidewall 165 of the capsule with its rearward end contacting the sidewall 165. For example, the rearward end of the receptacle 125 may rotate and/or slide around the sidewall 165 of the chamber 110. This movement causes the pharmaceutical formulation in the receptacle 125 to exit through the opening 130 and become aerosolized in the airflow 155. The aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation is then delivered to the user's respiratory tract during the user's inhalation 160. In another version, compressed air or other gas may be ejected into an inlet 115 to cause the aerosolizing air flow 155, and the aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation is then inhaled by the user.
The aerosolization apparatus 100 also comprises an air inlet shielding member 170. As shown in Figure IA, the air inlet shielding member comprises a covering portion 175 that at least partially covers one or more of the inlets 115. The shielding member 170 prevents blockage of the air flow by preventing at least one of the inlets 115 from being blocked by a user's fingers or hand during use. Accordingly, if a user inadvertently grasps the apparatus in the area of the inlets 115, the user will the shielding member 170 rather than one or more of the inlets 115 and air will still flow through into the chamber 110.
As can be seen in Figure 1B and 1C, the air flow 155 takes a more tortuous path in the region of the shielding member 170. Accordingly, in one version, it is preferred that the shielding member not cover all of the inlets 115 in that such coverage will increase the flow resistance within the apparatus. In another version, it is desirable to increase the flow resistance through the apparatus and coverage of all or a plurality of the inlets is desirable. The cross-section of a version of an
-7-aerosolization apparatus 100 is shown in Figure 2. In this version, the shielding member 170 covers less than half of the inlets 115. In this configuration, adequate air flow through the device is assured independent of user finger positioning.
By cover it is meant overlap in the radial or outward direction.
A version of an aerosolization apparatus 100 comprising a shielding member 170 is shown in Figures 3A through 3E. In this version, the housing 105 of the aerosolization apparatus 100 comprises a body 205 and a removable endpiece 210. The endpiece 210 may be removed from the body 205 to insert a receptacle 125 in the chamber 110 which is formed when the body 205 and the endpiece 210 are connected together. The endpiece 210 comprises a partition 150 that is dome-shaped 215 and that blocks the forward end of the chamber 110, and the partition 215 has the one or more outlets 120 extending therethrough. Examples of aerosolization apparatus with a partition 150 and chamber configuration are described in U.S. Patent 4,069,819 and in U.S. Patent 4,995,385.
The inlets 115 comprise a plurality of tangentially oriented slots 220. When a user inhales 160 through the endpiece 210, outside air is caused to flow through the tangential slots 220 as shown by arrows 225 in Figure 3E. This airflow 225 creates a swirling airflow within the chamber 110. The swirling airflow causes the receptacle 125 to contact the partition 150 and then to move within the chamber 110 in a manner that causes the pharmaceutical formulation to exit the receptacle 125 and become entrained within the swirling airflow. In one specific version, the chamber 110 comprises a tapered section 230 that terminates at an edge 235. During the flow of swirling air in the chamber 110, the forward end of the receptacle 125 contacts and rests on the partition 150 and a sidewall of the receptacle 125 contacts the edge 235 and slides and/or rotates along the edge 235. This motion of the capsule is particularly effective in forcing a large amount of the pharmaceutical formulation through one or more openings 130 in the rear of the receptacle 125.
The one or more openings 130 in the rear of the receptacle 125 in the version of Figures 3A through 3E are created by a puncturing mechanism 250 that is slidable within the body 205. The puncturing mechanism 250, shown in its rest position in Figure 3A, comprises a plunger 255 attached at its forward end 260 to a
-8-puncture member 265, which in the version shown is a U-shaped staple 270 having two sharpened tips 275. The puncturing mechanism 250 further comprises a seating member 280 which contacts the plunger 255 and/or the puncture member 265 and is slidable relative to the plunger 255 and the puncture member 265.
To create the openings 130 in the receptacle 125, the user applies a force 285 to the plunger 255, as shown in Figure 3B, such as by pressing against an end surface of the plunger 255 with the user's finger or thumb. The force 285 causes the plunger to slide within the body 205. A slight frictional contact between the plunger 255 the a rear section 295 of the seating member 280 causes the seating member 280 to also slide within the body 205 until a forward seating surface 300 of the seating member 280 contacts the receptacle 125, as shown in Figure 3B. The forward seating surface 300, which may be shaped to generally match the shape of the receptacle 125, secures the receptacle 125 between the seating member 280 and the partition 150. The continued application of force 285 causes the plunger and the puncture member 265 to slide relative to the seating member 280, as shown in Figure 3C, to advance the puncture member 135 through openings 305 in the forward seating surface 300 and into the receptacle 125. Upon the removal of the force 285, a spring 310 or other biasing member urges the puncturing mechanism 250 back to its rest position. For example, the spring 310 may contact a shoulder 315 in the body 205 and press a flange 320 on the plunger 255 toward a rim 325 in the body 205. The frictional engagement between the plunger 355 and the seating member 280 also returns the seating member 280 to its retracted position when the plunger is returned to its retracted position.
In the version of Figures 3A through 3E, the shielding member 170 is an integral portion of the endpiece 210. Accordingly, in this version, if the user installs the endpiece 210 and then uses the aerosolization apparatus 100 without adjusting his or her grip on the endpiece 210, none of the inlets 220 will be covered by the user. The provision of the shielding member 170 on the endpiece 210 has additional advantages. For example, the shielding member 170 can serve to lengthen and/or widen the endpiece 210 thereby reducing the risk of a 'user choking on the endpiece 210 if the endpiece 210 were to become inadvertently disconnected from the body of the apparatus.
-9-In one version, the receptacle 125 comprises a capsule. The capsule may be of a suitable shape, size, and material to contain the pharmaceutical formulation and to provide the pharmaceutical formulation in a usable condition.
For example, the capsule may comprise a wall which comprises a material that does not adversely react with the pharmaceutical formulation. In addition, the wall may comprise a material that allows the capsule to be opened to allow the pharmaceutical formulation to be aerosolized. In one version, the wall comprises one or more of gelatin, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), polyethyleneglycol-compounded HPMC, hydroxyproplycellulose, agar, or the like.
Alternatively or additionally, the capsule wall may comprise a polymeric material, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC). In one version, the capsule may comprise telescopically ajoined sections, as described for example in U.S. Patent 4,247,066.
The interior of the capsule may be filled with a suitable amount of the pharmaceutical formulation, and the size of the capsule may be selected to adequately contain a desired amount of the pharmaceutical formulation. The sizes generally range from size 5 to size 000 with the outer diameters ranging from about 4.91 mm to 9.97 mm, the heights ranging from about 11.10 mm to about 26.14 mm, and the volumes ranging from about 0.13 ml to about 1.37 ml, respectively. Suitable capsules are available commercially from, for example, Shionogi Qualicaps Co. in Nara, Japan and Capsugel in Greenwood, South Carolina. After filling, a top portion may be placed over the bottom portion to form the a capsule shape and to contain the powder within the capsule, as described in U.S. Patent 4,846,876, U.S. Patent 6,357,490, and in the PCT application WO 00/07572 published on February 17, 2000.
In another version, the aerosolization apparatus 100 maybe configured differently than as shown in Figures 1A through 1C and 3A through 3E.
For example, the chamber 100 may be sized and shaped to receive the receptacle 125 so that the receptacle 125 is orthogonal to the inhalation direction, as described in U.S. Patent 3,991,761. As also described in U.S. Patent 3,991,761, the puncturing mechanism 250 may puncture both ends of the receptacle 125. In such version, the non-circular cross-section may be provided along a sidewall that
-10-contacts the ends of the capsule. In another version, the chamber may receive the receptacle in a manner where air flows through the receptacle as described for example in U.S. Patent 4,338,931 and in U.S. Patent 5,619,985. In another version;
the aerosolization of the pharmaceutical formulation may be accomplished by pressurized gas flowing through the inlets, as described for example in US Patent 5,458,135, U.S. Patent 5,785,049, and U.S. Patent 6,257,233, or propellant, as described in PCT Publication WO 00/72904 and U.S. Patent 4,114,615.

A version of an aerosolization apparatus 100 having an endpiece 210 comprising an air inlet shielding member 170 is shown in Figure 4. In this version, the shielding member 170 comprises two covering portions 175 (only one shown in the view of Figure 4) and two open portions 180 between the diametrically opposed covering portions 175. Alternatively, there could be three, four, or more covering portions 175 separated by open portions 180. In the version shown, the user would grasp the apparatus by contacting the covering portions 175 and would therefore not block the air inlets 115. In one version, space would be provided between the covering portion 175 and the outer surface of the inlets 115 under the covering portion 175 in order to create a manifold airflow portion below the covering portion 175.
Other versions of an endpiece 210 which comprises a shielding member 170 are shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7. These versions show different arrangements for the covering portions 175 and the open portions 180 associated with the shielding member 170. In the version of Figure 5 a series of longitudinal open portions 180 is provided. In the version of Figure 6, one or more circumferentially extending open portions 180 are provided. In the version of Figure 6, an open portion is also provided that extends circumferentially around the base 185 of and under the endpiece 210. While such open portion at the base may be used in combination with one or more additional open portions 180, it has been discovered that it may be disadvantageous to provide the open portion at the base 185 as the only open portion 180. A user can easily occlude all or a portion of an open portion at the base 185 which can lead to inconsistent air flow through the
- 11 -device. In addition, air flowing through an open portion at the base 185 can encourage endpiece disconnection from the body.
In a preferred version, the invention provides a system and method for aerosolizing a pharmaceutical formulation and delivering the pharmaceutical formulation to the respiratory tract of the user, and in particular to the lungs of the user. The pharmaceutical formulation may comprise powdered medicaments, liquid solutions or suspensions, and the like, and may include an active agent.
The active agent described herein includes an agent, drug, compound, composition of matter or mixture thereof which provides some pharmacologic, often beneficial, effect. This includes foods, food supplements, nutrients, drugs, vaccines, vitamins, and other beneficial agents. As used herein, the terms further include any physiologically or pharmacologically active substance that produces a localized or systemic effect in a patient. An active agent for incorporation in the pharmaceutical formulation described herein may be an inorganic or an organic compound, including, without limitation, drugs which act on: the peripheral nerves, adrenergic receptors, cholinergic receptors, the skeletal muscles, the cardiovascular system, smooth muscles, the blood circulatory system, synoptic sites, neuroeffector junctional sites, endocrine and hormone systems, the immunological system, the reproductive system, the skeletal system, autacoid systems, the alimentary and excretory systems, the histamine system, and the central nervous system. Suitable active agents may be selected from, for example, hypnotics and sedatives, psychic energizers, tranquilizers, respiratory drugs, anticonvulsants, muscle relaxants, antiparkinson agents (dopamine antagnonists), analgesics, anti-inflammatories, antianxiety drugs (anxiolytics), appetite suppressants, antimigraine agents, muscle contractants, anti-infectives (antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, vaccines) antiarthritics, antimalarials, antiemetics, anepileptics, bronchodilators, cytokines, growth factors, anti-cancer agents, antithrombotic agents, antihypertensives, cardiovascular drugs, antiarrhythmics, antioxicants, anti-asthma agents, hormonal agents including contraceptives, sympathomimetics, diuretics, lipid regulating agents, antiandrogenic agents, antiparasitics, anticoagulants, neoplastics, antineoplastics, hypoglycemics, nutritional agents and supplements, growth supplements, antienteritis agents,
-12-vaccines, antibodies, diagnostic agents, and contrasting agents. The active agent, when administered by inhalation, may act locally or systemically.
The active agent may fall into one of a number of structural classes, including but not limited to small molecules, peptides, polypeptides, proteins, polysaccharides, steroids, proteins capable of eliciting physiological effects, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, polynucleotides, fats, electrolytes, and the like.
Examples of active agents suitable for use in this invention include but are not limited to one or more of calcitonin, amphotericin B, erythropoietin (EPO), Factor VIII, Factor IX, ceredase, cerezyme, cyclosporin, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), thrombopoietin (TPO), alpha-1 proteinase inhibitor, elcatonin, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GMCSF), growth hormone, human growth hormone (HGH), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH), heparin, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), interferon alpha, interferon beta, interferon gamma, interleukin-1 receptor, interleukin-2, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, interleukin-3, interleukin-4, interleukin-6, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH), factor IX, insulin, pro-insulin, insulin analogues (e.g., mono-acylated insulin as described in U.S. Patent No.
5,922,675).
amylin, C-peptide, somatostatin, somatostatin analogs including octreotide, vasopressin, follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), insulintropin, macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF), nerve growth factor (NGF), tissue growth factors, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF), glial growth factor (GGF), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), endothelial growth factors, parathyroid hormone (PTH), glucagon-like peptide thymosin alpha 1, lIb/IHa inhibitor, alpha-I
antitrypsin, phosphodiesterase (PDE) compounds, VLA-4 inhibitors, bisphosponates, respiratory syncytial virus antibody, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) gene, deoxyreibonuclease (Dnase), bactericidal/permeability increasing protein (BPI), anti-CMV antibody, 13-cis retinoic acid, macrolides such as erythromycin, oleandomycin, troleandomycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin, davercin, azithromycin, flurithromycin, dirithromycin, josamycin, spiromycin, midecamycin, leucomycin, miocamycin, rokitamycin, andazithromycin, and swinolide A; fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin,
-13-trovafloxacin, alatrofloxacin, moxifloxicin, norfioxacin, enoxacin, grepafloxacin, gatifloxacin, lomefloxacin, sparfloxacin, temafloxacin, pefloxacin, amifloxacin, fleroxacin, tosufloxacin, prulifloxacin, irloxacin, pazufloxacin, clinafloxacin, and sitafloxacin, aminoglycosides such as gentamicin, netilmicin, paramecin, tobramycin, amikacin, kanamycin, neomycin, and streptomycin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, rampolanin, mideplanin, colistin, daptomycin, gramicidin, colistimethate, polymixins such as polymixin B, capreomycin, bacitracin, penems;
penicillins including penicllinase-sensitive agents like penicillin G, penicillin V, penicillinase-resistant agents like methicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, dicloxacillin, floxacillin, nafcillin; gram negative microorganism active agents like ampicillin, amoxicillin, and hetacillin, cillin, and galampicillin; antipseudomonal penicillins like carbenicillin, ticarcillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, and piperacillin;
cephalosporins like cefpodoxime, cefprozil, ceftbuten, ceftizoxime, ceftriaxone, cephalothin, cephapirin, cephalexin, cephradrine, cefoxitin, cefamandole, cefazolin, cephaloridine, cefaclor, cefadroxil, cephaloglycin, cefuroxime, ceforanide, cefotaxime, cefatrizine, cephacetrile, cefepime, cefixime, cefonicid, cefoperazone, cefotetan, cefmetazole, ceftazidime, loracarbef, and moxalactam, monobactams like aztreonam; and carbapenems such as imipenem, meropenem, pentamidine isethiouate, albuterol sulfate, lidocaine, metaproterenol sulfate, beclomethasone diprepionate, triamcinolone acetamide, budesonide acetonide, fluticasone, ipratropium bromide, flunisolide, cromolyn sodium, ergotamine tartrate and where applicable, analogues, agonists, antagonists, inhibitors, and pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms of the above. In reference to peptides and proteins, the invention is intended to encompass synthetic, native, glycosylated, unglycosylated, pegylated forms, and biologically active fragments and analogs thereof.
Active agents for use in the invention further include nucleic acids, as bare nucleic acid molecules, vectors, associated viral particles, plasmid DNA or RNA or other nucleic acid constructions of a type suitable for transfection or transformation of cells, i.e., suitable for gene therapy including antisense.
Further, an active agent may comprise live attenuated or killed viruses suitable for use as vaccines. Other useful drugs include those listed within the Physician's Desk Reference (most recent edition).
-14- PCT/US2004/010928 The amount of active agent in the pharmaceutical formulation will be that amount necessary to deliver a therapeutically effective amount of the active agent per unit dose to achieve the desired result. In practice, this will vary widely depending upon the particular agent, its activity, the severity of the condition to be treated, the patient population, dosing requirements, and the desired therapeutic effect. The composition will generally contain anywhere from about 1% by weight to about 99% by weight active agent, typically from about 2% to about 95% by weight active agent, and more typically from about 5% to 85% by weight active agent, and will also depend upon the relative amounts of additives contained in the composition. The compositions of the invention are particularly useful for active agents that are delivered in doses of from 0.001 mg/day to 100 mg/day, preferably in doses from 0.01 mg/day to 75 mg/day, and more preferably in doses from 0.10 mg/day to 50 mg/day. It is to be understood that more than one active agent may be incorporated into the formulations described herein and that the use of the term.
"agent" in no way excludes the use of two or more such agents.
The pharmaceutical formulation may comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier which may be taken into the lungs with no significant adverse toxicological effects to the subject, and particularly to the lungs of the subject. In addition to the active agent, a pharmaceutical formulation may optionally include one or more pharmaceutical excipients which are suitable for pulmonary administration. These excipients, if present, are generally present in the composition in amounts ranging from about 0.01 % to about 95% percent by weight, preferably from about 0.5 to about 80%, and more preferably from about to about 60% by weight. Preferably, such excipients will, in part, serve to further improve the features of the active agent composition, for example by providing more efficient and reproducible delivery of the active agent, improving the handling characteristics of powders, such as flowability and consistency, and/or facilitating manufacturing and filling of unit dosage forms. In particular, excipient materials can often function to further improve the physical and chemical stability of the active agent, minimize the residual moisture content and hinder moisture uptake, and to enhance particle size, degree of aggregation, particle surface properties, such as rugosity, ease of inhalation, and the targeting of particles to the
-15-lung. One or more excipients may also be provided to serve as bulking agents when it is desired to reduce the concentration of active agent in the formulation.
Pharmaceutical excipients and additives useful in the present pharmaceutical formulation include but are not limited to amino acids, peptides, proteins, non-biological polymers, biological polymers, carbohydrates, such as sugars, derivatized sugars such as alditols, aldonic acids, esterified sugars, and sugar polymers, which may be present singly or in combination. Suitable excipients are those provided in WO 96/32096.
The excipient may have a glass transition temperatures (Tg) above about 35 C, preferably above about 40 C, more preferably above 45 C, most preferably above about 55 T.
Exemplary protein excipients include albumins such as human serum albumin (HSA), recombinant human albumin (rHA), gelatin, casein, hemoglobin, and the like. Suitable amino acids (outside of the dileucyl-peptides of the invention), which may also function in a buffering capacity, include alanine, glycine, arginine, betaine, histidine, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, cysteine, lysine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, aspartame, tyrosine, tryptophan, and the like. Preferred are amino acids and polypeptides that function as dispersing agents. Amino acids falling into this category include hydrophobic amino acids such as leucine, valine, isoleucine, tryptophan, alanine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, histidine, and proline. Dispersibility- enhancing peptide excipients include dimers, trimers, tetramers, and pentamers comprising one or more hydrophobic amino acid components such as those described above.
Carbohydrate excipients suitable for use in the invention include, for example, monosaccharides such as fructose, maltose, galactose, glucose, D-mannose, sorbose, and the like; disaccharides, such as lactose, sucrose, trehalose, cellobiose, and the like; polysaccharides, such as raffinose, melezitose, maltodextrins, dextrans, starches, and the like; and alditols, such as mannitol, xylitol, maltitol, lactitol, xylitol sorbitol (glucitol), pyranosyl sorbitol, myoinositol and the like.
-16-The pharmaceutical formulation may also include a buffer or a pH
adjusting agent, typically a salt prepared from an organic acid or base.
Representative buffers include organic acid salts of citric acid, ascorbic acid, gluconic acid, carbonic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, or phthalic acid, Tris, tromethamine hydrochloride, or phosphate buffers.
The pharmaceutical formulation may also include polymeric excipients/additives, e.g., polyvinylpyrrolidones, derivatized celluloses such as hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Ficolls (a polymeric sugar), hydroxyethylstarch, dextrates (e.g., cyclodextrins, such as 2-hydroxypropyl-(3-cyclodextrin and sulfobutylether-(3-cyclodextrin), polyethylene glycols, and pectin.
The pharmaceutical formulation may further include flavoring agents, taste-masking agents, inorganic salts (for example sodium chloride), antimicrobial agents (for example benzalkonium chloride), sweeteners, -antioxidants, antistatic agents, surfactants (for example polysorbates such as "TWEEN 20" and "TWEEN 80"), sorbitan esters, lipids (for example phospholipids such as lecithin and other phosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylethanolaniines), fatty acids and fatty esters, steroids (for example cholesterol), and chelating agents (for example EDTA, zinc and other such suitable cations). Other pharmaceutical excipients and/or additives suitable for use in the compositions according to the invention are listed in "Remington: The Science &
Practice of Pharmacy", 19th ed., Williams & Williams, (1995), and in the "Physician's Desk Reference", 52nd ed., Medical Economics, Montvale, NJ
(1998).

"Mass median diameter" or "MMD" is a measure of mean particle size, since the powders of the invention are generally polydisperse (i.e., consist of a range of particle sizes). MMD values as reported herein are determined by centrifugal sedimentation, although any number of commonly employed techniques can be used for measuring mean particle size. "Mass median aerodynamic diameter" or "MMAD" is a measure of the aerodynamic size of a dispersed particle.
The aerodynamic diameter is used to describe an aerosolized powder in terms of its settling behavior, and is the diameter of a unit density sphere having the same
-17-settling velocity, generally in air, as the particle. The aerodynamic diameter encompasses particle shape, density and physical size of a particle. As used herein, MMAD refers to the midpoint or median of the aerodynamic particle size distribution of an aerosolized powder determined by cascade impaction.
In one version, the powdered formulation for use in the present invention includes a dry powder having a particle size selected to permit penetration into the alveoli of the lungs, that is, preferably 10 gm mass median diameter (1VB4D), preferably less than 7.5 gm, and most preferably less than 5 gm, and usually being in the range of 0.1 gm to 5 pm in diameter. The delivered dose efficiency (DDE) of these powders may be greater than 30%, more preferably greater than 40%, more preferably greater than 50% and most preferably greater than 60% and the aerosol particle size distribution is about 1.0 - 5.0 gm mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD), usually 1.5 - 4.5 gm MMAD and preferably 1.5 - 4.0 gm MvIAD. These dry powders have a moisture content below about 10% by weight, usually below about 5% by weight, and preferably below -about 3% by weight. Such powders are described in WO 95124183, WO 96/32149, WO 99/16419, and WO 99/16422.

Although the present invention has been described in considerable detail with regard to certain preferred versions thereof, other versions are possible, and alterations, permutations and equivalents of the version shown will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon a reading of the specification and study of the drawings. For example, the cooperating components may be reversed or provided in additional or fewer number. Also, the various features of the versions herein can be combined in various ways to provide additional versions of the present invention. Furthermore, certain terminology has been used for the purposes of descriptive clarity, and not to limit the present invention. Therefore, any appended claims should not be limited to the description of the preferred versions contained herein and should include all such alterations, permutations, and equivalents as fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (28)

What is claimed is:
1. A handheld aerosolization apparatus comprising:
a housing defining a chamber having a plurality of air inlets, the inlets configured and dimensioned to produce a swirling airflow;
the chamber being sized to receive a receptacle which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation;
a shield which covers at least one but not all of the air inlets, whereby the shield prevents blockage of the at least one air inlet by a user grasping the apparatus; and an end section associated with the housing, the end section sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the shield is a portion of the end section.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the end section is removably connected to the housing and wherein the end section may be removed from the housing to provide access to the chamber.
4. An apparatus according to claim 3 wherein the shield is a portion of the end section.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the shield comprises at least two covering portions, each covering portion covering at least one inlet.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5 wherein there are two covering portions and wherein the two covering portions are diametrically opposed.
7. An apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the at least two covering portions are separated by open portions.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the open portions provide direct access to at least one inlet.
9. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the shield extends longitudinally along the apparatus.
10. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the receptacle is a capsule and further comprising a puncturing mechanism in the housing for creating one or more openings in the capsule.
11. An apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the puncture member is adapted to puncture only one end of the capsule.
12. An apparatus according to claim 10 wherein the chamber is elongated and wherein the capsule is received lengthwise within the elongated chamber.
13. A handheld aerosolization apparatus comprising:
a housing defining a chamber having a plurality of air inlets, the chamber being sized to receive a capsule which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation;
a puncturing mechanism in the housing for creating one or more openings in the capsule;
a shield which covers a portion of but not all of the air inlets; and an end section associated with the housing, the end section sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle.
14. An apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the shield is a portion of the end section.
15 . An apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the end section is removably connected to the housing and wherein the end section may be removed from the housing to provide access to the chamber.
16. An apparatus according to claim 15 wherein the shield is a portion of the end section.
17. An apparatus according to claim 13 wherein the inlet is shaped to create a swirling airflow within the chamber.
18. A handheld aerosolization apparatus comprising:
a housing defining a chamber having one or more air inlets, the chamber being sized to receive a receptacle which contains an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation;
a puncturing mechanism disposed within the housing for creating one or more openings in the capsule, the puncturing mechanism comprising an alignment guide and a puncture member, wherein the alignment guide comprises a surface which advances to contact and align the capsule while the alignment guide and puncture member are advanced into the capsule to create an opening in the capsule, and wherein the surface comprises one or more protrusions for contacting the capsule;
a shield extending around only a portion of transverse circumference of the housing, the shield covering at least one air inlets, whereby the shield prevents blockage of the at least one air inlet by a user grasping the apparatus; and an end section associated with the housing, the end section sized and shaped to be received in a user's mouth or nose so that the user may inhale through the end section to inhale aerosolized pharmaceutical formulation that has exited the receptacle.
19. An apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the shield is a portion of the end section.
20. An apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the end section is removably connected to the housing and wherein the end section may be removed from the housing to provide access to the chamber.
21. An apparatus according to claim 20 wherein the shield is a portion of the end section.
22. An apparatus according to claim 18 wherein the inlet is shaped to create a swirling airflow within the chamber.
23. A method of aerosolizing a pharmaceutical formulation, the method comprising:
providing an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation in a chamber, the chamber having a plurality of air inlets;
inserting a capsule in the chamber, and puncturing the capsule;
shielding at least one but not all of the air inlets from being blocked by a user grasping the chamber; and aerosolizing the pharmaceutical formulation by flowing air through the chamber, wherein the airflow swirls within the chamber
24. A method according to claim 23 wherein a user's inhalation causes the air to flow through the chamber.
25. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein there are four covering portions intermediate to four open portions.
26. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the puncturing mechanism comprises a seating member.
27. An apparatus according to claim 26 wherein the seating member comprises a seating surface which is shaped to generally match the shape of the receptacle.
28. An apparatus according to claim 1 wherein the end section comprises a dome-shaped partition.
CA2520032A 2003-04-09 2004-04-09 Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield Active CA2520032C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US46167903P 2003-04-09 2003-04-09
US60/461,679 2003-04-09
PCT/US2004/010928 WO2004091705A1 (en) 2003-04-09 2004-04-09 Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2520032A1 CA2520032A1 (en) 2004-10-28
CA2520032C true CA2520032C (en) 2012-10-16

Family

ID=33299853

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2520032A Active CA2520032C (en) 2003-04-09 2004-04-09 Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (3) US7559325B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1610850B2 (en)
JP (1) JP4943838B2 (en)
KR (1) KR101066788B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE549051T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2004229446B2 (en)
CA (1) CA2520032C (en)
CY (1) CY1113859T1 (en)
DK (1) DK1610850T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2383367T5 (en)
MX (1) MXPA05010842A (en)
PL (1) PL1610850T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1610850E (en)
SI (1) SI1610850T2 (en)
WO (1) WO2004091705A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (55)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040206350A1 (en) * 2002-12-19 2004-10-21 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with non-circular aerosolization chamber
CA2520265C (en) * 2003-04-09 2015-02-17 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncture alignment guide
CA2520032C (en) * 2003-04-09 2012-10-16 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield
US8869794B1 (en) * 2003-04-09 2014-10-28 Novartis Pharma Ag Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncturing member
CA2553392A1 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-11 Biodel Inc Sublingual drug delivery device
BRPI0509348A (en) 2004-04-21 2007-09-11 Innovata Biomed Ltd inhaler
CA2563365A1 (en) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-03 Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Multiple unit dose drug delivery system
PL370286A1 (en) * 2004-09-23 2006-04-03 Glaxosmithkline Pharmaceuticals Spółka Akcyjna Powder inhaler - capsules opening and emptying system
GB0503738D0 (en) * 2005-02-23 2005-03-30 Optinose As Powder delivery devices
DE102005038619A1 (en) 2005-08-16 2007-02-22 Pari GmbH Spezialisten für effektive Inhalation An inhalation therapy device with an ampoule for storing a medicament to be nebulised
US20090032427A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2009-02-05 Nektar Therapeutics Receptacles and Kits, Such as for Dry Powder Packaging
NL1033047C2 (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-16 Pharmachemie Bv Capsule filled with a medicine, in particular an inhalable medicine.
EP2109475B1 (en) 2007-01-09 2019-11-27 Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Intranasal cartridge devices
US9248076B2 (en) 2007-05-16 2016-02-02 Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dose dispensing containers
US8683995B2 (en) 2007-05-16 2014-04-01 Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Dose dispensing containers
JP5352583B2 (en) * 2007-05-16 2013-11-27 ミスティック ファーマシューティカルズ, インコーポレイテッド Linkage container for unit dose administration
WO2008156586A2 (en) * 2007-06-12 2008-12-24 Alkermes, Inc. Inhalation device for powdered substances
CA2699634C (en) * 2007-09-14 2015-06-09 Mystic Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Deep draw container forming method
DE102007056462B4 (en) 2007-11-23 2011-10-27 Pari Pharma Gmbh Disposable ampoule for a device for generating aerosols
MX2010012452A (en) 2008-05-15 2011-03-15 Novartis Ag Star Pulmonary delivery of a fluoroquinolone.
US20130047985A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-02-28 3M Innovative Properties Company Dry powder inhaler assembly and containers
CA2841390C (en) * 2011-07-13 2019-08-27 Pharmaxis Ltd Medicament delivery device having improved powder emission and deagglomeration
US8327610B1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2012-12-11 JCDS Holdings, LLC Capsule opener and emptier
US20150367366A1 (en) * 2012-12-06 2015-12-24 Aerodesigns, Inc. Aerosol dispenser with edible cartridge
US9757395B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2017-09-12 Otitopic Inc. Dry powder inhaler and methods of use
US9757529B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2017-09-12 Otitopic Inc. Dry powder inhaler and methods of use
US9452139B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-09-27 Novartis Ag Respirable agglomerates of porous carrier particles and micronized drug
EP2968110A1 (en) 2013-03-14 2016-01-20 Novartis AG Deamorphization of spray-dried formulations via spray-blending
EP2991634A1 (en) 2013-04-30 2016-03-09 Otitopic Inc. Dry powder formulations and methods of use
WO2015012758A1 (en) * 2013-07-22 2015-01-29 Inhalation Sciences Sweden Ab Apparatus and method for generating an aerosol
MY186800A (en) * 2013-09-19 2021-08-21 Philip Morris Products Sa Aerosol-generating system for generating nicotine salt particles
AU2014375222B2 (en) * 2014-01-02 2018-08-09 Philip Morris Products S.A. Aerosol-generating system comprising a cylindrical polymeric capsule
CN112656780A (en) 2014-02-20 2021-04-16 奥迪托皮克股份有限公司 Dry powder formulations for inhalation
NO2709641T3 (en) * 2014-03-10 2018-05-12
US10744098B2 (en) 2014-03-27 2020-08-18 Novartis Ag Spray-dried solid-in-oil-in-water dispersions for inhalation of active pharmaceutical ingredients
WO2016145192A1 (en) 2015-03-11 2016-09-15 University Of Cincinnati Compositions and methods for treating bacterial infection
MX2017013259A (en) * 2015-04-15 2019-03-28 Philip Morris Products Sa Dry powder inhalers with partial dosage delivery.
WO2017042701A1 (en) 2015-09-09 2017-03-16 Novartis Ag Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp)-binding antibodies and methods of using the antibodies
JP7077219B2 (en) 2015-09-09 2022-05-30 ノバルティス アーゲー Targeted delivery of spray-dried product to the lungs
PT3347377T (en) 2015-09-09 2021-04-30 Novartis Ag Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (tslp)-binding antibodies and methods of using the antibodies
GB201615602D0 (en) * 2016-09-14 2016-10-26 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Receptacle Section
GB201615601D0 (en) 2016-09-14 2016-10-26 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Receptacle section
CN109922851B (en) 2016-11-30 2022-05-27 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 Inhaler with sized cavity
KR102494208B1 (en) 2016-11-30 2023-02-02 필립모리스 프로덕츠 에스.에이. Inhalers with Swirl End Plugs
GB201700136D0 (en) 2017-01-05 2017-02-22 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Aerosol generating device and article
GB201700620D0 (en) 2017-01-13 2017-03-01 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Aerosol generating device and article
US10786456B2 (en) 2017-09-22 2020-09-29 Otitopic Inc. Inhaled aspirin and magnesium to treat inflammation
CA3076353A1 (en) 2017-09-22 2019-03-28 Otitopic Inc. Dry powder compositions with magnesium stearate
CN107715264B (en) * 2017-10-12 2021-01-29 上海新黄河制药有限公司 Dispersion/depolymerization device of powder agglomeration of powder aerosol device preparation
CN107737393B (en) * 2017-10-12 2020-08-28 上海新黄河制药有限公司 Preparation atomization flow passage for powder aerosol inhalation device
GB201720338D0 (en) 2017-12-06 2018-01-17 British American Tobacco Investments Ltd Component for an aerosol-generating apparatus
US11744960B2 (en) 2017-12-28 2023-09-05 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler with vortex tunnel
CN111801026A (en) * 2018-03-26 2020-10-20 菲利普莫里斯生产公司 Inhaler with perforated porous support element
WO2020251983A1 (en) 2019-06-10 2020-12-17 Respira Therapeutics, Inc. Carrier-based formulations and related methods
EP4308207A1 (en) * 2021-03-16 2024-01-24 Philip Morris Products S.A. Inhaler article holder for high dose delivery

Family Cites Families (81)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3012694A (en) * 1958-10-22 1961-12-12 Johnston William Derrick Gas dispensing device
US3809084A (en) 1970-02-16 1974-05-07 American Cyanamid Co Pressurized portable dispenser
US3888253A (en) 1972-08-04 1975-06-10 Beecham Group Ltd Device for administration of medicines
FR2224175B1 (en) 1973-04-04 1978-04-14 Isf Spa
US4069819A (en) * 1973-04-13 1978-01-24 Societa Farmaceutici S.P.A. Inhalation device
DE2346914C3 (en) * 1973-09-18 1980-10-16 Paul Ritzau Pari-Werk, Gmbh & Co, 8130 Starnberg Powdered substance inhaler
IT1016489B (en) 1974-03-18 1977-05-30 Isf Spa INHALER
SE408265B (en) 1975-12-12 1979-06-05 Draco Ab DEVICE FOR CARBON DIOXIDE POWERED ENDOSAEROSOL, INTENDED FOR INHALATION
GB1562732A (en) * 1976-02-10 1980-03-12 Allen & Hanburys Ltd Device for dispensing medicaments
US4247066A (en) 1978-02-21 1981-01-27 General Dynamics Corporation Airfoil variable cambering device and method
US4238931A (en) * 1979-01-25 1980-12-16 Energy Conservation Unlimited, Inc. Waste heat recovery system controller
IT1116047B (en) 1979-04-27 1986-02-10 Sigma Tau Ind Farmaceuti DEVICE FOR THE QUICK INHALATION OF POWDER DRUGS BY PERSONS SUFFERING FROM ASTHMA
US4265236A (en) 1980-03-31 1981-05-05 Pacella Angelo M Portable inhalator device
DE3345722A1 (en) 1983-12-17 1985-06-27 Boehringer Ingelheim KG, 6507 Ingelheim INHALATOR
DE3634952A1 (en) 1986-10-14 1988-04-21 Bayer Ag IMIDAZO-PYRROLO-PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
IT1222509B (en) 1987-08-17 1990-09-05 Miat Spa INSUFFLATOR FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF DRUGS IN THE FORM OF PRE-DOSED POWDER IN OPERATIONS
IT1228459B (en) * 1989-02-23 1991-06-19 Phidea S R L INHALER WITH REGULAR AND COMPLETE EMPTYING OF THE CAPSULE.
IT1228460B (en) 1989-02-23 1991-06-19 Phidea S R L DISPOSABLE INHALER WITH PRE-PERFORATED CAPSULE
US5201308A (en) * 1990-02-14 1993-04-13 Newhouse Michael T Powder inhaler
AU650953B2 (en) 1991-03-21 1994-07-07 Novartis Ag Inhaler
JP3230056B2 (en) 1991-07-02 2001-11-19 インヘイル・インコーポレーテッド Device for forming an aerosolized dose of a drug
US6681767B1 (en) 1991-07-02 2004-01-27 Nektar Therapeutics Method and device for delivering aerosolized medicaments
US5287850A (en) * 1991-08-20 1994-02-22 Habley Medical Technology Corporation Timing and velocity controlled powered pharmaceutical inhaler
DE4211475A1 (en) * 1991-12-14 1993-06-17 Asta Medica Ag POWDER INHALATOR
US5785049A (en) 1994-09-21 1998-07-28 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Method and apparatus for dispersion of dry powder medicaments
US6582728B1 (en) 1992-07-08 2003-06-24 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Spray drying of macromolecules to produce inhaleable dry powders
GB9216038D0 (en) 1992-07-28 1992-09-09 Bespak Plc Dispensing apparatus for powdered medicaments
JP3553599B2 (en) * 1993-06-29 2004-08-11 インジェット ディジタル エアロソルズ リミテッド dispenser
SE9302550D0 (en) 1993-07-30 1993-07-30 Ernst Hoerlin POWDER INHALES
PL179443B1 (en) 1994-03-07 2000-09-29 Inhale Therapeutic Syst Methods of and compositions for administering insulin into lungs
JP3372105B2 (en) * 1994-05-26 2003-01-27 株式会社日立ユニシアオートモティブ Inhalation type dispenser
JP3388896B2 (en) * 1994-08-08 2003-03-24 株式会社日立ユニシアオートモティブ Inhalation type dispenser
WO1996009085A1 (en) 1994-09-21 1996-03-28 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Apparatus and methods for dispersing dry powder medicaments
US5693609A (en) 1994-11-17 1997-12-02 Eli Lilly And Company Acylated insulin analogs
JP3308425B2 (en) 1995-03-10 2002-07-29 株式会社ユニシアジェックス Nasal administration device
ATE287703T1 (en) 1995-04-14 2005-02-15 Nektar Therapeutics POWDERED PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATIONS WITH IMPROVED DISPERSIBILITY
DE19523516C1 (en) 1995-06-30 1996-10-31 Asta Medica Ag Inhaler for administering medication from blister packs
AUPN976496A0 (en) 1996-05-10 1996-05-30 Glaxo Wellcome Australia Ltd Unit dose dispensing device
US5985309A (en) 1996-05-24 1999-11-16 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Preparation of particles for inhalation
US5874064A (en) 1996-05-24 1999-02-23 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Aerodynamically light particles for pulmonary drug delivery
US6503480B1 (en) 1997-05-23 2003-01-07 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Aerodynamically light particles for pulmonary drug delivery
GB2318737B (en) * 1996-10-30 2000-06-14 Bespak Plc Improved inhalers
GB9626233D0 (en) 1996-12-18 1997-02-05 Chawla Brinda P S Medicament packaging and deliveery device
EP1019020A1 (en) 1997-09-29 2000-07-19 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Stabilized bioactive preparations and methods of use
BR9814431A (en) 1997-12-22 2000-10-10 Astrazeneca Ab Suction tube for administering powder containing medicine from an ampoule comprising a cavity sealed by a covering film, and an inhaler for administering dry powder through inhalation.
EP1066074A1 (en) 1998-03-16 2001-01-10 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Aerosolized active agent delivery
SE9800897D0 (en) 1998-03-17 1998-03-17 Astra Ab Inhalation device
US6257233B1 (en) 1998-06-04 2001-07-10 Inhale Therapeutic Systems Dry powder dispersing apparatus and methods for their use
DE19835346A1 (en) 1998-08-05 2000-02-10 Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Two-part capsule for pharmaceutical preparations for powder inhalers
US5992675A (en) 1998-09-15 1999-11-30 Browne & Co. Inc./Cie Ltee Splatter screen
JP2000217917A (en) 1999-01-27 2000-08-08 Unisia Jecs Corp Inhaler type medicine administration tool
PT1181069E (en) 1999-05-28 2006-11-30 Nektar Therapeutics Apparatus and method for aerosolising a powder pharmaceutical composition
DK1221955T3 (en) * 1999-09-25 2006-01-30 Univ Iowa Res Found Immune-stimulating nucleic acid
US20010029947A1 (en) 1999-12-17 2001-10-18 Steve Paboojian Receptacles to facilitate the extraction of powders
US6427688B1 (en) 2000-02-01 2002-08-06 Dura Pharmaceuticals, Icn. Dry powder inhaler
SE0000935D0 (en) 2000-03-21 2000-03-21 Astrazeneca Ab An inhalation device
US20020000225A1 (en) 2000-06-02 2002-01-03 Carlos Schuler Lockout mechanism for aerosol drug delivery devices
GB2364919A (en) 2000-07-21 2002-02-13 Cambridge Consultants Inhalers
WO2002011802A2 (en) * 2000-07-24 2002-02-14 Clinical Designs Limited Dispenser
US6357490B1 (en) 2000-08-22 2002-03-19 Advanced Inhalation Research, Inc. System, method and apparatus for filling containers
US6766799B2 (en) 2001-04-16 2004-07-27 Advanced Inhalation Research, Inc. Inhalation device
US7905230B2 (en) 2001-05-09 2011-03-15 Novartis Ag Metered dose inhaler with lockout
TW553752B (en) * 2001-06-20 2003-09-21 Inhale Therapeutic Syst Powder aerosolization apparatus and method
WO2003041777A1 (en) 2001-11-14 2003-05-22 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization device with improved endpiece connection
KR100954002B1 (en) 2001-11-14 2010-04-20 노바르티스 아게 Aerosolization apparatus comprising connectable body and endpiece
US20030168057A1 (en) 2001-12-14 2003-09-11 Inhale Therapeutic Systems, Inc. Electronically controllable aerosol delivery
ITMI20020078A1 (en) 2002-01-16 2003-07-16 Fabrizio Niccolai DEVICE USABLE IN THE TREATMENT OF RESPIRATORY TRACT AFFECTIONS
US7185651B2 (en) 2002-06-18 2007-03-06 Nektar Therapeutics Flow regulator for aerosol drug delivery and methods
EP1567217A2 (en) 2002-10-30 2005-08-31 Nektar Therapeutics Increased dosage metered dose inhaler
US7516741B2 (en) 2002-12-06 2009-04-14 Novartis Ag Aerosolization apparatus with feedback mechanism
US20040206350A1 (en) 2002-12-19 2004-10-21 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with non-circular aerosolization chamber
US20050081852A1 (en) 2002-12-30 2005-04-21 Nektar Therapeutics (Formely Inhale Therapeutic System Inc.) Package for an aerosolization apparatus and pharmaceutical formulation receptacle
US20050056280A1 (en) 2002-12-31 2005-03-17 Nektar Therapeutics Receptacle for an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation
US7669596B2 (en) 2002-12-31 2010-03-02 Novartis Pharma Ag Aerosolization apparatus with rotating capsule
WO2004082750A1 (en) 2003-03-20 2004-09-30 Galephar M/F Improved dry powder inhaler system
CA2520032C (en) 2003-04-09 2012-10-16 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield
CA2520265C (en) 2003-04-09 2015-02-17 Nektar Therapeutics Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncture alignment guide
US7954491B2 (en) 2003-06-13 2011-06-07 Civitas Therapeutics, Inc. Low dose pharmaceutical powders for inhalations
US7046799B2 (en) * 2003-09-12 2006-05-16 Motorola, Inc. Communication headset and method
DE10350555A1 (en) 2003-10-29 2005-06-09 Hugo Kern Und Liebers Gmbh & Co. Platinen- Und Federnfabrik inhaler
JP2011505905A (en) 2007-12-05 2011-03-03 ノバルティス アーゲー Aerosolable drug product receptacle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US7559325B2 (en) 2009-07-14
SI1610850T1 (en) 2012-09-28
CA2520032A1 (en) 2004-10-28
SI1610850T2 (en) 2020-11-30
EP1610850B2 (en) 2020-08-05
AU2004229446B2 (en) 2010-02-25
AU2004229446A1 (en) 2004-10-28
ES2383367T3 (en) 2012-06-20
US20050150492A1 (en) 2005-07-14
US20090260623A1 (en) 2009-10-22
JP4943838B2 (en) 2012-05-30
DK1610850T3 (en) 2012-06-25
MXPA05010842A (en) 2006-03-30
JP2006522663A (en) 2006-10-05
ES2383367T5 (en) 2021-03-31
PL1610850T3 (en) 2012-11-30
USRE47526E1 (en) 2019-07-23
WO2004091705A1 (en) 2004-10-28
KR20050114720A (en) 2005-12-06
US8069851B2 (en) 2011-12-06
EP1610850A1 (en) 2006-01-04
EP1610850B1 (en) 2012-03-14
CY1113859T1 (en) 2016-07-27
ATE549051T1 (en) 2012-03-15
PT1610850E (en) 2012-06-15
KR101066788B1 (en) 2011-09-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11484671B2 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncture alignment guide
USRE47526E1 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with air inlet shield
US7669596B2 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with rotating capsule
US7516741B2 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with feedback mechanism
US20040206350A1 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with non-circular aerosolization chamber
AU2008335821B2 (en) Receptacle for an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation
US20050056280A1 (en) Receptacle for an aerosolizable pharmaceutical formulation
US20190060588A1 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with removable mouthpiece
US20050081852A1 (en) Package for an aerosolization apparatus and pharmaceutical formulation receptacle
US20030094173A1 (en) Aerosolization device with improved endpiece connection
AU2002340481A1 (en) Aerosolization apparatus comprising connectable body and endpiece
US8869794B1 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncturing member
US20050236296A1 (en) Carry case for aerosolization apparatus
AU2004229512B2 (en) Aerosolization apparatus with capsule puncture alignment guide

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
EEER Examination request