CA2536290A1 - Method and apparatus for alarm volume control using pulse width modulation - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for alarm volume control using pulse width modulation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2536290A1 CA2536290A1 CA002536290A CA2536290A CA2536290A1 CA 2536290 A1 CA2536290 A1 CA 2536290A1 CA 002536290 A CA002536290 A CA 002536290A CA 2536290 A CA2536290 A CA 2536290A CA 2536290 A1 CA2536290 A1 CA 2536290A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- alarm
- speaker
- duty cycle
- patient monitor
- series
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/18—Status alarms
- G08B21/22—Status alarms responsive to presence or absence of persons
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B3/00—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems
- G08B3/10—Audible signalling systems; Audible personal calling systems using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
Abstract
There is provided herein a first preferred arrangement of the instant invention, wherein an electronic patient monitor utilizes a computer CPU as an alarm signal generator, which CPU is preferably directly connected to a power amplifier and/or a speaker without an intervening (or subsequent) conventional volume control. The alarm signal is preferably expressed as a series of square waves. The volume of the alarm signal as heard through the speaker is controlled by varying the width of the square waves that represent the alarm signal with the duty cycle of the square waves being shortened to reduce the output alarm volume and lengthened to increase it.
Claims (24)
1. An electronic patient monitor for use in monitoring a patient, comprising:
(a) a speaker;
(b) an amplifier in electronic communication with said speaker, said amplifier at least for driving said speaker;
(c) a sensor responsive to a status of the patient;
(d) a CPU in electronic communication with said amplifier and with said sensor, wherein said CPU is at least for monitoring said status of the patient and sounding an alarm in response thereto; and, (e) computer storage in electronic communication with said CPU, said computer storage containing therein at least a plurality of computer instructions executable by said CPU, said plurality of computer instructions comprising the steps of:
(i) selecting a volume level, (ii) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected volume level, (iii) determining an alarm type, (iv) obtaining alarm tone data corresponding to said alarm type, (v) pulse width modulating said alarm tone data with a series of square waves generated according to said duty cycle function, thereby producing a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker, and, (vi) transmitting said series of audio waves to said amplifier for broadcast through said speaker.
(a) a speaker;
(b) an amplifier in electronic communication with said speaker, said amplifier at least for driving said speaker;
(c) a sensor responsive to a status of the patient;
(d) a CPU in electronic communication with said amplifier and with said sensor, wherein said CPU is at least for monitoring said status of the patient and sounding an alarm in response thereto; and, (e) computer storage in electronic communication with said CPU, said computer storage containing therein at least a plurality of computer instructions executable by said CPU, said plurality of computer instructions comprising the steps of:
(i) selecting a volume level, (ii) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected volume level, (iii) determining an alarm type, (iv) obtaining alarm tone data corresponding to said alarm type, (v) pulse width modulating said alarm tone data with a series of square waves generated according to said duty cycle function, thereby producing a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker, and, (vi) transmitting said series of audio waves to said amplifier for broadcast through said speaker.
2. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein said sensor is a pressure sensitive switch.
3. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein said CPU is chosen from a group consisting of a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a PLD, a CPLD, an EPLD, a SPLD, a PAL, an FPLA, an FPLS, a GAL, a PLA, an FPAA, a PSoC, a SoC, a CSoC, and an ASIC.
4. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein said CPU
comprises:
(d1) a microprocessor, and, (d2) a sound generation chip, said sound generation chip being in electronic communication with said microprocessor and responsive thereto, said sound generation chip at least for providing in response to said CPU said alarm tone data according to said determined alarm type.
comprises:
(d1) a microprocessor, and, (d2) a sound generation chip, said sound generation chip being in electronic communication with said microprocessor and responsive thereto, said sound generation chip at least for providing in response to said CPU said alarm tone data according to said determined alarm type.
5. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein said computer storage is selected from a group consisting of ROM, RAM, flash RAM, PROM, EPROM, magnetic disk, optical disk, and magneto-optical disk.
6. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein step (e)(iii) comprises the steps of:
(1) providing to a user a plurality of predefined alarm types, and, (2) reading from the user a selection of one of said plurality of predefined alarm types, thereby determining an alarm type.
(1) providing to a user a plurality of predefined alarm types, and, (2) reading from the user a selection of one of said plurality of predefined alarm types, thereby determining an alarm type.
7. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein said duty cycle function is a constant 50% duty cycle.
8. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 1, wherein step e(vi) comprises the steps of filtering said series of audio waves and transmitting said series of audio waves to said amplifier for broadcast through said speaker.
9. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 8, wherein the step of filtering said series of audio waves comprises the step of filtering said series of audio waves with a band-pass filter.
10. A method of generated an alarm sound in an electronic patient monitor at a predetermined volume level, comprising the steps of:
(a) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said predetermined volume level;
(b) determining an alarm type;
(c) obtaining alarm tone data corresponding to said alarm type;
(d) pulse width modulating said alarm tone data with a square wave series formed according to said selected duty cycle function, thereby creating a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through a speaker; and, (e) broadcasting said series of audio waves through said speaker, thereby generating said alarm sound at approximately said predetermined volume level.
(a) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said predetermined volume level;
(b) determining an alarm type;
(c) obtaining alarm tone data corresponding to said alarm type;
(d) pulse width modulating said alarm tone data with a square wave series formed according to said selected duty cycle function, thereby creating a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through a speaker; and, (e) broadcasting said series of audio waves through said speaker, thereby generating said alarm sound at approximately said predetermined volume level.
11. A method of generating an alarm sound in an electronic patient monitor according to Claim 10, wherein the step of selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said predetermined alarm volume level, comprises the step of selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said predetermined alarm volume level, wherein said duty cycle function varies logarithmically with said selected alarm volume level.
12. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 10, wherein said duty cycle function is a constant 50% duty cycle.
13. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 10, wherein said series of audio waves is a series of square waves.
14. An electronic patient monitor for use in monitoring a patient, comprising:
(a) a speaker;
(b) a sensor positionable to be proximate to the patient and responsive to a status of the patient when so positioned;
(c) a CPU in electronic communication with said sensor and with said speaker, said CPU being at least for (c1) monitoring said status of the patient via said sensor, and, (c2) generating at least one alarm in response to a change in said patient status;
(d) computer storage in electronic communication with said CPU, said computer storage containing therein at least a plurality of computer instructions readable by said CPU and executable thereby, said plurality of computer instructions at least comprising the steps of:
(i) using said sensor to determine that a change in the patient's status has occurred;
(ii) selecting a volume level, (iii) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected volume level, (iv) determining an alarm type, (v) obtaining alarm tone data corresponding to said alarm type, (vi) generating a series of audio waves according to said duty cycle function, said alarm type and said tone data, said series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker, and, (vi) transmitting said series of audio wave to said speaker, thereby creating an audible representation of said determined alarm type.
(a) a speaker;
(b) a sensor positionable to be proximate to the patient and responsive to a status of the patient when so positioned;
(c) a CPU in electronic communication with said sensor and with said speaker, said CPU being at least for (c1) monitoring said status of the patient via said sensor, and, (c2) generating at least one alarm in response to a change in said patient status;
(d) computer storage in electronic communication with said CPU, said computer storage containing therein at least a plurality of computer instructions readable by said CPU and executable thereby, said plurality of computer instructions at least comprising the steps of:
(i) using said sensor to determine that a change in the patient's status has occurred;
(ii) selecting a volume level, (iii) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected volume level, (iv) determining an alarm type, (v) obtaining alarm tone data corresponding to said alarm type, (vi) generating a series of audio waves according to said duty cycle function, said alarm type and said tone data, said series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker, and, (vi) transmitting said series of audio wave to said speaker, thereby creating an audible representation of said determined alarm type.
15. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, wherein said sensor is a pressure sensitive switch.
16. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, further comprising:
(e) an amplifier in electronic communication with said speaker and with said CPU, said amplifier at least for receiving said audio waves and driving said speaker with said audio waves.
(e) an amplifier in electronic communication with said speaker and with said CPU, said amplifier at least for receiving said audio waves and driving said speaker with said audio waves.
17. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, wherein said CPU
comprises:
(c1) a programmable microprocessor, and, (c2) a sound generation module in electronic communication with said microprocessor, said sound generation module at least for providing said alarm tone data of step (v) to said microprocessor.
comprises:
(c1) a programmable microprocessor, and, (c2) a sound generation module in electronic communication with said microprocessor, said sound generation module at least for providing said alarm tone data of step (v) to said microprocessor.
18. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, wherein said duty cycle function is a constant 50% duty cycle.
19. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, wherein said CPU is a microprocessor and wherein said computer storage is located within said microprocessor.
20. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, wherein step d(vi) comprises the steps of:
(v1) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected volume level, said duty cycle function specifying at least one square wave width and at least one pulse separation interval, and, (v2) calculating a square wave representation of at least a portion of said tone data from said at least one square wave width and said at least one infra-pulse interval, thereby generating a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker.
(v1) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected volume level, said duty cycle function specifying at least one square wave width and at least one pulse separation interval, and, (v2) calculating a square wave representation of at least a portion of said tone data from said at least one square wave width and said at least one infra-pulse interval, thereby generating a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker.
21. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 14, wherein step d(vi) comprises the steps of:
(v1) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected.
volume level, said duty cycle function specifying at least one square wave width and at least one pulse separation interval, and, (v2) gating said tone data according to said duty cycle function, thereby generating a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker.
(v1) selecting a duty cycle function corresponding to said selected.
volume level, said duty cycle function specifying at least one square wave width and at least one pulse separation interval, and, (v2) gating said tone data according to said duty cycle function, thereby generating a series of audio waves at least approximately representing said selected alarm type when broadcast through said speaker.
22. An electronic patient monitor for use in monitoring a patient, comprising:
(a) a patient sensor, said patient sensor being positionable to be proximate to the patient and responsive to a state of the patient when so positioned;
(b) a speaker;
(c) sound circuitry, said sound circuitry at least for creating at Ieast one audio alarm signal;
(d) a control logic circuit in electronic communication with said speaker, said patient sensor, and said sound circuitry, said control logic circuit being at least for (d1) responding to a predetermined change in the state of the patient to sound an alarm, (d2) receiving said one of said audio signals from said sound circuitry when said alarm is to be sounded, (d3) pulse width modulating said received audio signal, thereby setting a volume level of said audio alarm signal, and (d4) transmitting said pulse width modulated signal to said speaker.
(a) a patient sensor, said patient sensor being positionable to be proximate to the patient and responsive to a state of the patient when so positioned;
(b) a speaker;
(c) sound circuitry, said sound circuitry at least for creating at Ieast one audio alarm signal;
(d) a control logic circuit in electronic communication with said speaker, said patient sensor, and said sound circuitry, said control logic circuit being at least for (d1) responding to a predetermined change in the state of the patient to sound an alarm, (d2) receiving said one of said audio signals from said sound circuitry when said alarm is to be sounded, (d3) pulse width modulating said received audio signal, thereby setting a volume level of said audio alarm signal, and (d4) transmitting said pulse width modulated signal to said speaker.
23. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 22, wherein said patient sensor is a pressure sensitive switch.
24. An electronic patient monitor according to Claim 22, wherein said control logic circuit is a microprocessor.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US49650103P | 2003-08-20 | 2003-08-20 | |
| US60/496,501 | 2003-08-20 | ||
| US10/876,012 US7079036B2 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2004-06-24 | Method and apparatus for alarm volume control using pulse width modulation |
| US10/876,012 | 2004-06-24 | ||
| PCT/US2004/027230 WO2005020176A1 (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Method and apparatus for alarm volume control using pulse width modulation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2536290A1 true CA2536290A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
| CA2536290C CA2536290C (en) | 2010-11-16 |
Family
ID=34221412
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2536290A Expired - Fee Related CA2536290C (en) | 2003-08-20 | 2004-08-20 | Method and apparatus for alarm volume control using pulse width modulation |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7079036B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2536290C (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2005020176A1 (en) |
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-
2004
- 2004-06-24 US US10/876,012 patent/US7079036B2/en active Active
- 2004-08-20 WO PCT/US2004/027230 patent/WO2005020176A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-08-20 CA CA2536290A patent/CA2536290C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2536290C (en) | 2010-11-16 |
| US7079036B2 (en) | 2006-07-18 |
| US20050046575A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
| WO2005020176A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
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| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20150820 |