CA2552190A1 - Toner preparation processes - Google Patents
Toner preparation processes Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2552190A1 CA2552190A1 CA002552190A CA2552190A CA2552190A1 CA 2552190 A1 CA2552190 A1 CA 2552190A1 CA 002552190 A CA002552190 A CA 002552190A CA 2552190 A CA2552190 A CA 2552190A CA 2552190 A1 CA2552190 A1 CA 2552190A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- slurry
- reactors
- toner particles
- different
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/14—Treatment of polymer emulsions
- C08F6/18—Increasing the size of the dispersed particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/50—Mixing liquids with solids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/14—Treatment of polymer emulsions
- C08F6/22—Coagulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0804—Preparation methods whereby the components are brought together in a liquid dispersing medium
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0815—Post-treatment
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/0802—Preparation methods
- G03G9/0817—Separation; Classifying
Abstract
A method of making toner particles, includes: mixing a latex emulsion, a colorant emulsion, an optional wax emulsion, and optional additives in a first reactor to form a slurry; discharging the slurry from the first reactor to a second reactor through a homogenizes; heating the slurry in the second reactor to form aggregated particles in said slurry; discharging the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a third reactor; heating the aggregated particles and slurry in the third reactor to coalesce the aggregated particles into toner particles; discharging the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to a fourth reactor; cooling the toner particles; optionally classifying said toner particles to remove coarse particles; and optionally washing and drying said toner particles, wherein the first reactor, second reactor, third reactor, and fourth reactor are at least two different reactors.
Claims (22)
1. A method of making toner particles, comprising:
mixing a latex emulsion, a colorant emulsion, an optional wax emulsion, and optional additives in a first reactor to form a slurry;
discharging the slurry from the first reactor to a second reactor through a homogenizer;
heating the slurry in the second reactor to form aggregated particles in said slurry;
discharging the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a third reactor;
heating the aggregated particles and slurry in the third reactor to coalesce the aggregated particles into toner particles;
discharging the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to a fourth reactor;
cooling the toner particles;
optionally classifying said toner particles to remove coarse particles; and optionally washing and drying said toner particles, wherein the first reactor, second reactor, third reactor, and fourth reactor comprise at least two different reactors.
mixing a latex emulsion, a colorant emulsion, an optional wax emulsion, and optional additives in a first reactor to form a slurry;
discharging the slurry from the first reactor to a second reactor through a homogenizer;
heating the slurry in the second reactor to form aggregated particles in said slurry;
discharging the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a third reactor;
heating the aggregated particles and slurry in the third reactor to coalesce the aggregated particles into toner particles;
discharging the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to a fourth reactor;
cooling the toner particles;
optionally classifying said toner particles to remove coarse particles; and optionally washing and drying said toner particles, wherein the first reactor, second reactor, third reactor, and fourth reactor comprise at least two different reactors.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein said first, second, third, and fourth reactors comprise at least two different reactors, such that said first and second reactors are different, said second and third reactors are different, and said third and fourth reactors are different.
3. The process of claim 1, wherein said first, second, third, and fourth reactors comprise at least three different reactors, such that said first and second reactors are different, said second and third reactors are different, and said third and fourth reactors are different.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein said first, second, third, and fourth reactors comprise four different reactors.
5. The process of claim 1, wherein said second reactor is charged with an amount of deionized water and is preheated to an aggregation temperature of said slurry prior to said slurry being charged into said second reactor.
6. The process of claim 1, further comprising heating the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a coalescence temperature prior to introduction into the third reactor using a heating means located between said second reactor and said third reactor.
7. The process of claim 6, wherein said heating means is a heat exchanger.
8. The process of claim 1, further comprising cooling the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to below a coalescence temperature prior to introduction into the fourth reactor using a cooling means located between said third reactor and said fourth reactor.
9. The process of claim 8, wherein said cooling means is a heat exchanger.
10. The process of claim 8, wherein said slurry further comprises said wax emulsion, and said cooling means cools the toner particles and slurry to below a melting point of said wax and below a glass transition temperature of a resin of said latex emulsion.
11. The process of claim 1, wherein said slurry further comprises a coagulant.
12. The process of claim 1, wherein said process does not comprise said optional classifying step.
13. The process of claim 1, wherein:
the first reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 30°C;
the second reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 35 to about 60°C;
the third reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 60 to about 120°C; and the fourth reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 65°C.
the first reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 30°C;
the second reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 35 to about 60°C;
the third reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 60 to about 120°C; and the fourth reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 65°C.
14 A method of making toner particles, comprising:
providing a slurry comprising a latex emulsion, a colorant emulsion, a wax emulsion, and optional additives in a first reactor;
homogenizing said slurry;
discharging the slurry from the first reactor to a second reactor preheated to an aggregation temperature;
aggregating particles in said slurry in the second reactor to form aggregated particles in said slurry;
discharging the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a third reactor through a heating means, wherein said heating means heats the aggregated particles and slurry to a coalescence temperature;
coalescing the aggregated particles in said slurry in the third reactor to form toner particles;
discharging the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to a fourth reactor through a cooling means, wherein said cooling means cools the toner particles and slurry to a temperature below a melting point of the wax;
optionally classifying said toner particles to remove coarse particles; and optionally washing and drying said toner particles.
providing a slurry comprising a latex emulsion, a colorant emulsion, a wax emulsion, and optional additives in a first reactor;
homogenizing said slurry;
discharging the slurry from the first reactor to a second reactor preheated to an aggregation temperature;
aggregating particles in said slurry in the second reactor to form aggregated particles in said slurry;
discharging the aggregated particles and slurry from the second reactor to a third reactor through a heating means, wherein said heating means heats the aggregated particles and slurry to a coalescence temperature;
coalescing the aggregated particles in said slurry in the third reactor to form toner particles;
discharging the toner particles and slurry from the third reactor to a fourth reactor through a cooling means, wherein said cooling means cools the toner particles and slurry to a temperature below a melting point of the wax;
optionally classifying said toner particles to remove coarse particles; and optionally washing and drying said toner particles.
15. The process of claim 14, wherein said homogenizing is conducted in said first reactor.
16. The process of claim 14, wherein said homogenizing is conducted in a homogenizer interposed between said first reactor and said second reactor.
17. The process of claim 14, wherein said first, second, third, and fourth reactors comprise at least two different reactors, such that said first and second reactors are different, said second and third reactors are different, and said third and fourth reactors are different.
18. The process of claim 14, wherein said heating means is a heat exchanger.
19. The process of claim 14, wherein said cooling means is a heat exchanger.
20. The process of claim 14, wherein said slurry further comprises a coagulant.
21. The process of claim 14, wherein said process does not comprise said optional classifying step.
22. The process of claim 14, wherein:
the first reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 30°C;
the second reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 35 to about 60°C;
the third reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 60 to about 120°C; and the fourth reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 65°C.
the first reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 30°C;
the second reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 35 to about 60°C;
the third reactor is maintained at a temperature of from about 60 to about 120°C; and the fourth reactor is maintained at a temperature less than about 65°C.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/187,030 US8080360B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2005-07-22 | Toner preparation processes |
| US11/187,030 | 2005-07-22 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2552190A1 true CA2552190A1 (en) | 2007-01-22 |
| CA2552190C CA2552190C (en) | 2010-10-26 |
Family
ID=37025213
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2552190A Expired - Fee Related CA2552190C (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2006-07-14 | Toner preparation processes |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8080360B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1752830B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5122096B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101287390B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1900831B (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0602882B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2552190C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE602006002935D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4256439B2 (en) * | 2006-08-01 | 2009-04-22 | シャープ株式会社 | Method for producing aggregated particles |
| JP4268179B2 (en) * | 2006-09-08 | 2009-05-27 | シャープ株式会社 | Functional particles and method for producing the same |
| DE102006044270A1 (en) | 2006-09-20 | 2008-04-03 | Lanxess Deutschland Gmbh | Process for the preparation of polymer powders |
| JP4983321B2 (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Production apparatus for electrostatic charge developing toner |
| JP4423316B2 (en) * | 2007-08-08 | 2010-03-03 | シャープ株式会社 | Method for producing toner particles |
| KR20090031016A (en) | 2007-09-21 | 2009-03-25 | 삼성정밀화학 주식회사 | Method for preparing toner |
| JP4693876B2 (en) * | 2008-07-25 | 2011-06-01 | シャープ株式会社 | Method for producing coalesced resin particles |
| US8685612B2 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2014-04-01 | Xerox Corporation | Continuous emulsification-aggregation process for the production of particles |
| US8663565B2 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2014-03-04 | Xerox Corporation | Continuous emulsification—aggregation process for the production of particles |
| US8916098B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2014-12-23 | Xerox Corporation | Continuous emulsification-aggregation process for the production of particles |
| JP5831063B2 (en) * | 2011-09-09 | 2015-12-09 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Method and apparatus for producing toner for developing electrostatic image |
| US9329508B2 (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2016-05-03 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation process |
| US20150104742A1 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2015-04-16 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation toners |
| US9182691B2 (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2015-11-10 | Xerox Corporation | Continuous toner coalescence processes |
| JP6452108B2 (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2019-01-16 | キヤノン株式会社 | Method for producing toner particles |
| US9890284B2 (en) * | 2014-04-16 | 2018-02-13 | Xerox Corporation | Process and apparatus for preparing pigment and wax dual dispersions |
| CN110785440B (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2023-06-27 | 英力士苯领集团股份公司 | Improved process for producing ABS graft copolymers |
| US10989472B2 (en) | 2017-04-27 | 2021-04-27 | Xerox Corporation | Method, apparatus and system for fluid cooling of toner dryer |
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| US4113796A (en) * | 1969-11-21 | 1978-09-12 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Process for working up dispersions of elastic-thermoplastic or thermoplastic plastics |
| US3847604A (en) * | 1971-06-10 | 1974-11-12 | Xerox Corp | Electrostatic imaging process using nodular carriers |
| US4338390A (en) * | 1980-12-04 | 1982-07-06 | Xerox Corporation | Quarternary ammonium sulfate or sulfonate charge control agents for electrophotographic developers compatible with viton fuser |
| US4937166A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1990-06-26 | Xerox Corporation | Polymer coated carrier particles for electrophotographic developers |
| US4935326A (en) * | 1985-10-30 | 1990-06-19 | Xerox Corporation | Electrophotographic carrier particles coated with polymer mixture |
| US4803054A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1989-02-07 | Vertech Treatment Systems, Inc. | Asymmetric heat-exchange reaction apparatus for effecting chemical reactions |
| US5290654A (en) * | 1992-07-29 | 1994-03-01 | Xerox Corporation | Microsuspension processes for toner compositions |
| US5278020A (en) * | 1992-08-28 | 1994-01-11 | Xerox Corporation | Toner composition and processes thereof |
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| US5827633A (en) * | 1997-07-31 | 1998-10-27 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes |
| US5766818A (en) * | 1997-10-29 | 1998-06-16 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes with hydrolyzable surfactant |
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| US5840462A (en) * | 1998-01-13 | 1998-11-24 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes |
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| JP4239434B2 (en) * | 2001-05-31 | 2009-03-18 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | Toner production method |
| US6627373B1 (en) * | 2002-03-25 | 2003-09-30 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes |
| EP1497700B2 (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2013-10-09 | FUJIFILM Imaging Colorants Limited | Chemically produced toner and process therefor |
| US6808851B2 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-10-26 | Xerox Corporation | Emulsion aggregation toner containing a mixture of waxes incorporating an improved process to prevent wax protrusions and coarse particles |
| US7186494B2 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2007-03-06 | Xerox Corporation | Toner processes |
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| DE602004023161D1 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2009-10-29 | Canon Kk | toner |
-
2005
- 2005-07-22 US US11/187,030 patent/US8080360B2/en active Active
-
2006
- 2006-07-14 CA CA2552190A patent/CA2552190C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-07-14 DE DE602006002935T patent/DE602006002935D1/en active Active
- 2006-07-14 EP EP06117271A patent/EP1752830B1/en active Active
- 2006-07-18 JP JP2006195285A patent/JP5122096B2/en active Active
- 2006-07-21 BR BRPI0602882-9A patent/BRPI0602882B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-07-21 KR KR1020060068500A patent/KR101287390B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-07-21 CN CN2006101077909A patent/CN1900831B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5122096B2 (en) | 2013-01-16 |
| CA2552190C (en) | 2010-10-26 |
| US20070020553A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| EP1752830A1 (en) | 2007-02-14 |
| KR20070012260A (en) | 2007-01-25 |
| CN1900831B (en) | 2010-12-08 |
| US8080360B2 (en) | 2011-12-20 |
| EP1752830B1 (en) | 2008-10-01 |
| CN1900831A (en) | 2007-01-24 |
| JP2007034290A (en) | 2007-02-08 |
| KR101287390B1 (en) | 2013-07-18 |
| BRPI0602882B1 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
| DE602006002935D1 (en) | 2008-11-13 |
| BRPI0602882A (en) | 2007-03-13 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20210714 |