CA2580092A1 - Single-use pneumatic safety syringe with retractable needle - Google Patents

Single-use pneumatic safety syringe with retractable needle Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2580092A1
CA2580092A1 CA002580092A CA2580092A CA2580092A1 CA 2580092 A1 CA2580092 A1 CA 2580092A1 CA 002580092 A CA002580092 A CA 002580092A CA 2580092 A CA2580092 A CA 2580092A CA 2580092 A1 CA2580092 A1 CA 2580092A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
needle
plunger
syringe
downstream
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002580092A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2580092C (en
Inventor
John Klippenstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lom Laboratories Inc
Original Assignee
L.O.M. Laboratories Inc.
John Klippenstein
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by L.O.M. Laboratories Inc., John Klippenstein filed Critical L.O.M. Laboratories Inc.
Publication of CA2580092A1 publication Critical patent/CA2580092A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2580092C publication Critical patent/CA2580092C/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M5/2046—Media being expelled from injector by gas generation, e.g. explosive charge
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31501—Means for blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston
    • A61M5/31505—Integral with the syringe barrel, i.e. connected to the barrel so as to make up a single complete piece or unit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/315—Pistons; Piston-rods; Guiding, blocking or restricting the movement of the rod or piston; Appliances on the rod for facilitating dosing ; Dosing mechanisms
    • A61M5/31565—Administration mechanisms, i.e. constructional features, modes of administering a dose
    • A61M5/3159—Dose expelling manners
    • A61M5/31591—Single dose, i.e. individually set dose administered only once from the same medicament reservoir, e.g. including single stroke limiting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234—Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3293—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles characterised by features of the needle hub
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/5013—Means for blocking the piston or the fluid passageway to prevent illegal refilling of a syringe
    • A61M5/502—Means for blocking the piston or the fluid passageway to prevent illegal refilling of a syringe for blocking the piston
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/50—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for preventing re-use, or for indicating if defective, used, tampered with or unsterile
    • A61M5/508—Means for preventing re-use by disrupting the piston seal, e.g. by puncturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/20—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically
    • A61M2005/2073—Automatic syringes, e.g. with automatically actuated piston rod, with automatic needle injection, filling automatically preventing premature release, e.g. by making use of a safety lock
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M2005/3123—Details having air entrapping or venting means, e.g. purging channels in pistons
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234—Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A61M2005/3241—Needle retraction energy is accumulated inside of a hollow plunger rod
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/178—Syringes
    • A61M5/31—Details
    • A61M5/32—Needles; Details of needles pertaining to their connection with syringe or hub; Accessories for bringing the needle into, or holding the needle on, the body; Devices for protection of needles
    • A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
    • A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
    • A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
    • A61M5/3234—Fully automatic needle retraction, i.e. in which triggering of the needle does not require a deliberate action by the user
    • A61M2005/3241—Needle retraction energy is accumulated inside of a hollow plunger rod
    • A61M2005/3242—Needle retraction by vacuum

Abstract

A pneumatic retractable syringe has a plunger having an interior retraction lumen. The plunger and syringe barrel have cooperating locking elements so that the plunger is locked after use within the syringe barrel. After injection of medicament is completed, the needle is retracted into the lumen by compressed gas that is released from a gas cell within the syringe when the gas cell is ruptured just before the plunger reaches the end of its downstream path of travel.

Claims (18)

1. A safety syringe of the type for use with a hypodermic needle in which, following use of the syringe to inject medicament from its barrel, the needle is detached from the distal end of the syringe and retracted within the barrel of the syringe, thereby preventing accidental stabbing after use, comprising a. a plunger axially movable within the barrel and having therewithin a retraction lumen open at its distal end to receive the needle after use of the syringe;
b. a gas release cell located within the assembled syringe distally of the plunger, intact and inoperative prior to substantial completion of injection of medicament by downstream motion of the plunger;
c. gas release trigger means located within the assembled syringe between the distal end of the plunger and the gas release cell, and operable in response to downstream motion of the plunger as it approaches its downstream limit of travel to cause the gas release cell to release gas into the interior of the syringe;
and d. a needle carrier for engaging the needle in the vicinity of its proximal end and carrying the needle into the lumen during retraction of the needle, the needle carrier having a distal bearing surface against which gas under pressure may bear, and movable into the plunger lumen under gas pressure so as to retract the needle into the lumen;
wherein e. the lumen is dimensioned to receive sufficient of the combined length of the needle and the needle carrier that, after retraction, the needle is entirely within the syringe, and the needle thereafter remains in retracted position.
2. A syringe as defined in Claim 1, additionally having a plunger lock for impeding or preventing unwanted re-extension of the plunger out of the barrel after use of the syringe, the plunger lock comprising a. a plunger lock engagement element fixed to the plunger; and b. a cooperating lock-mate engagement element fixed to the barrel;
wherein c. the engagement elements are located so as to make engaging contact with one another near the downstream limit of travel of the plunger; and d. downstream motion of the plunger past the point of engaging contact causes the locking of the plunger within the barrel at or near the downstream limit of travel of the plunger.
3. A syringe as defined in Claim 2, wherein the plunger lock is structured to lock the plunger to the barrel at a point in the downstream path of travel of the plunger coincident or approximately coincident with the point at which the gas release trigger means operates to cause the gas release cell to release gas.
4. A syringe as defined in Claim 3, wherein the plunger lock is structured to lock the plunger to the barrel at a point in the downstream path of travel of the plunger slightly upstream of the point at which the gas release trigger means operates to cause the gas release cell to release gas.
5. A syringe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 4, additionally having a needle re-emergence barrier that after retraction of the needle into th lumen is located downstream of the tip of the needle and operable after the needle has been retracted into the plunger lumen to prevent or impede downstream movement of the needle out of the lumen.
6. A syringe as defined in Claim 5 , wherein the needle re-emergence barrier comprises needle port closure means located within the barrel between the distal end of the plunger and the proximal end of the needle aperture when the needle has been assembled into the syringe and the plunger extends proximally outward from the barrel, the needle port closure means being operable as the plunger approaches the downstream limit of its path of travel to block the proximal end of the needle aperture.
7. A syringe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 6, additionally having a gas barrier for preventing or impeding downstream escape of gas out of the syringe from the gas release cell.
8. A syringe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 7, wherein the gas release cell is a closed cell containing a suitable substantially non-toxic non-corrosive compressed gas.
9. A syringe as defined in Claim 8, wherein the gas release cell is of overall toroidal shape, so that the opening in the torus may accommodate passage therethrough of the needle.
10. A syringe as defined in Claim 8 or 9, wherein the gas release trigger means comprises a perforator for rupturing the gas release cell.
11. A syringe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 10, wherein the needle carrier is provided with a circumferentially disposed seal for providing a sealing contact between the needle carrier and the interior surfaces of the syringe through which the needle carrier passes.
12. A syringe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 11, whose barrel is divided internally into a smaller downstream chamber for housing the gas release cell and gas release trigger means, and an upstream chamber for containing medicament to be injected, the said chambers being separated by a radial chamber separator wall having an axial opening therein for discharge of medicament from the upstream chamber into the needle and for receiving the needle into the plunger lumen after injection.
13. A syringe as defined in Claim 12, wherein the plunger has a body and a distal end of diameter smaller than that of the body.
14. A syringe as defined in Claim 13, wherein nearing the downstream limit of travel of the plunger, the distal end thereof penetrates the chamber separator wall through the axial opening therein, and downstream movement of the distal end of the plunger beyond the chamber separator wall causes the gas release trigger means to operate.
15. A syringe as defined in Claim 14, additionally comprising within the downstream chamber an engagement ring slidably but with friction engaging the interior circumferential wall of the downstream chamber and axially movable therein, the engagement ring being located between the gas release cell and the radial separator wall and having a central aperture through which medicament from the upstream chamber into the needle may flow and for passage of the needle into the plunger lumen after injection, the engagement ring providing a buffer against which the gas cell is constrained so as to facilitate rupture of the gas cell by the perforator.
16. A syringe as defined in Claim 15, wherein distal end of the plunger engages the upstream end of the engagement ring near the downstream limit of travel of the plunger, forcing the gas release cell into rupturing contact with the perforator upon completion of downstream movement of the plunger.
17. For use with a needle having a needle header, a syringe as defined in Claim 15 or 16, wherein the engagement ring engages the needle header to provide support thereto and facilitates alignment of the needle and the needle header within the downstream chamber.
18. A syringe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 17, wherein the needle carrier includes a needle port seal for blocking escape of gas and medicament through the needle and that is mounted within the distal end of the plunger for frictional but sliding engagement with the inner surface of the plunger, and wherein at least the outermost circumferential portion of the needle port seal is made of resilient material so that the needle port seal may expand in diameter to fill the full cross-section of the plunger lumen within the plunger body during the needle-retraction phase of syringe operation.
CA2580092A 2004-09-03 2005-09-02 Single-use pneumatic safety syringe with retractable needle Active CA2580092C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60689104P 2004-09-03 2004-09-03
US60/606,891 2004-09-03
PCT/CA2005/001341 WO2006024172A1 (en) 2004-09-03 2005-09-02 Gas-actuated retractable syringe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2580092A1 true CA2580092A1 (en) 2006-03-09
CA2580092C CA2580092C (en) 2011-03-22

Family

ID=35999682

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2580092A Active CA2580092C (en) 2004-09-03 2005-09-02 Single-use pneumatic safety syringe with retractable needle

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (7) US7811259B2 (en)
EP (2) EP1786496B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4917538B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0514909B8 (en)
CA (1) CA2580092C (en)
ES (1) ES2533878T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1098084A1 (en)
MX (1) MX2007002678A (en)
PL (2) PL1786496T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2006024172A1 (en)

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