CA2597149A1 - Toner composition - Google Patents

Toner composition Download PDF

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Publication number
CA2597149A1
CA2597149A1 CA002597149A CA2597149A CA2597149A1 CA 2597149 A1 CA2597149 A1 CA 2597149A1 CA 002597149 A CA002597149 A CA 002597149A CA 2597149 A CA2597149 A CA 2597149A CA 2597149 A1 CA2597149 A1 CA 2597149A1
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
styrene
latex
weight
toner
butyl acrylate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CA002597149A
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
CA2597149C (en
Inventor
Vincenzo G. Marcello
Dennis A. Mattison, Jr.
Steven A. Vanscott
Nancy S. Hunt
Cuong Vong
Vladislav Skorokhod
Richard P.N. Veregin
Michael S. Hawkins
Tie Hwee Ng
Daryl W. Vanbesien
Christine Deborah Anderson
Liam S. Cummings
Louis V. Isganitis
Allan K. Chen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xerox Corp
Original Assignee
Xerox Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xerox Corp filed Critical Xerox Corp
Publication of CA2597149A1 publication Critical patent/CA2597149A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA2597149C publication Critical patent/CA2597149C/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/09392—Preparation thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/0821—Developers with toner particles characterised by physical parameters
    • G03G9/0823—Electric parameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
    • G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
    • G03G9/08795—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their chemical properties, e.g. acidity, molecular weight, sensitivity to reactants
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/087—Binders for toner particles
    • G03G9/08784—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775
    • G03G9/08797—Macromolecular material not specially provided for in a single one of groups G03G9/08702 - G03G9/08775 characterised by their physical properties, e.g. viscosity, solubility, melting temperature, softening temperature, glass transition temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/09307—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the shell material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/09307—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the shell material
    • G03G9/09314—Macromolecular compounds
    • G03G9/09321—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/09307—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the shell material
    • G03G9/09335—Non-macromolecular organic compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/09307—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the shell material
    • G03G9/09342—Inorganic compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/0935—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the core material
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G9/00—Developers
    • G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
    • G03G9/093—Encapsulated toner particles
    • G03G9/0935—Encapsulated toner particles specified by the core material
    • G03G9/09357—Macromolecular compounds
    • G03G9/09364—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Abstract

A toner having a core with a first latex having a specific glass transition temperature, and further having a shell surrounding the core with a second latex having a specific glass transition temperature, and processes for producing the same.

Claims (20)

1. A toner comprising:

a core comprising a first latex having a glass transition temperature from about 45° C to about 54° C; and a shell surrounding said core comprising a second latex having a glass transition temperature from about 55° C to about 65° C.
2. The toner of claim 1, wherein the first latex has a glass transition temperature from about 49° C to about 53° C, and the latex in the shell has a glass transition temperature from about 57° C to about 61° C.
3. The toner composition according to claim 1, wherein the first latex is selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates, and combinations thereof, and the second latex in the shell is selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates, and combinations thereof.
4. The toner composition according to claim 1, wherein the toner further comprises a colorant and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of surfactants, coagulants, surface additives, and mixtures thereof.
5. The toner composition according to claim 4, wherein the toner comprises an emulsion aggregation toner and the at least one additive is from about one to about twenty additives selected from the group consisting of metal salts, metal salts of fatty acids, colloidal silicas, metal oxides, strontium titanates, and combinations thereof.
6. The toner of claim 1, wherein the first latex comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 70% by weight to about 78% by weight styrene and from about 22% by weight to about 30% by weight butyl acrylate, and the second latex comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 79% by weight to about 85% by weight styrene and from about 15% by weight to about 21% by weight butyl acrylate.
7. The toner of claim 1, wherein the first latex comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 74% by weight to about 77% by weight styrene and from about 21% to about 25% by weight butyl acrylate, and the second latex comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 81%
by weight to about 83% by weight styrene, and from about 17% to about 19% by weight butyl acrylate.
8. The toner of claim 1, wherein the toner possesses a gloss from about 20 GGU to about 120 GGU.
9. A process comprising:

contacting a latex having a glass transition temperature from about 45°C
to about 54° C, an aqueous colorant dispersion, and a wax dispersion having a melting point of from about 70°C to about 95°C to form a blend;

mixing the blend with a coagulant;

heating the mixture to form toner aggregates;

adding a second latex having a glass transition temperature from about 55°
C to about 65° C to the toner aggregates, wherein the second latex forms a shell over said toner aggregates;

adding a base to increase the pH to a value of from about 4 to about 7;
heating the toner aggregates with the shell above the glass transition temperature of the first latex and the second latex; and recovering a resulting toner.
10. The process of claim 9, wherein the first latex is selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates, and combinations thereof, and the second latex is selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates, and combinations thereof.
11. The process of claim 9, wherein the first latex utilized to form the core comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 74% by weight to about 77% by weight styrene and from about 21% to about 25% by weight butyl acrylate, and the second latex utilized to form the shell comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 81% by weight to about 83% by weight styrene, and from about 17% to about 19% by weight butyl acrylate.
12. The process of claim 9, wherein the first latex has a glass transition temperature from about 49°C to about 53°C, and the second latex has a glass transition temperature from about 57°C to about 61°C, the wax has a melting point of from about 75°C to about 93°C, and the coagulant comprises a polyaluminum chloride or a polymetal silicate.
13. The process of claim 9, further comprising adding an organic sequestering agent after adding the base, the organic sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of organic acids, salts of organic acids, esters of organic acids, substituted pyranones, water soluble polymers including polyelectrolytes that contain both carboxylic acid and hydroxyl functionalities, and combinations thereof.
14. The process of claim 13, wherein the organic sequestering agent is selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, L-glutamic acid in combination with N,N diacetic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid, peta-acetic acid, tetra-acetic acid, salts of methylglycine diacetic acid, salts of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, sodium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, potassium gluconate, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, nitrotriacetate salt, maltol, ethyl-maltol, and combinations thereof.
15. A developer composition comprising the toner formed by the process of claim 9 and a carrier.
16.A process comprising:

contacting a latex selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates, and combinations thereof having a glass transition temperature from about 45° C to about 54° C, an aqueous colorant dispersion, and a wax dispersion having a melting point of from about 70°C to about 85°C to form a blend;

mixing the blend with a coagulant;

heating the mixture to form toner aggregates;

adding a second latex selected from the group consisting of styrene acrylates, styrene butadienes, styrene methacrylates, and combinations thereof having a glass transition temperature from about 55° C to about 65° C to the toner aggregates, wherein the second latex forms a shell over said toner aggregates;

adding a base to increase the pH to a value of from about 4 to about 7;
heating the toner aggregates with the shell above the glass transition temperature of the first latex and the second latex;

adding an organic sequestering agent selected from the group consisting of organic acids, salts of organic acids, esters of organic acids, substituted pyranones, polyelectrolytes possessing carboxylic acid and hydroxyl functionalities, and combinations thereof; and recovering a resulting toner.
17. The process of claim 16, wherein the first latex utilized to form the core comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 74% by weight to about 77% by weight styrene and from about 21% to about 25% by weight butyl acrylate, and the second latex utilized to form the shell comprises a styrene/butyl acrylate copolymer comprising from about 81% by weight to about 83% by weight styrene, and from about 17% to about 19% by weight butyl acrylate.
18. The process of claim 16, wherein the first latex has a glass transition temperature from about 49°C to about 53°C, and the second latex has a glass transition temperature from about 57°C to about 61°C, and the wax has a melting point of from about 75°C to about 93°C and the coagulant comprises a polyaluminum chloride or a polymetal silicate.
19. The process of claim 16, wherein the organic sequestering agent is selected from the group consisting of ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid, L-glutamic acid in combination with N,N diacetic acid, humic acid, fulvic acid, peta-acetic acid, tetra-acetic acid, salts of methylglycine diacetic acid, salts of ethylenediamine disuccinic acid, sodium gluconate, magnesium gluconate, potassium gluconate, potassium citrate, sodium citrate, nitrotriacetate salt, maltol, ethyl-maltol, and combinations thereof.
20.A developer composition comprising the toner formed by the process of claim 16 and a carrier.
CA2597149A 2006-08-15 2007-08-10 Toner composition Expired - Fee Related CA2597149C (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US11/504,322 2006-08-15
US11/504,322 US7691552B2 (en) 2006-08-15 2006-08-15 Toner composition

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA2597149A1 true CA2597149A1 (en) 2008-02-15
CA2597149C CA2597149C (en) 2012-01-03

Family

ID=38704848

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA2597149A Expired - Fee Related CA2597149C (en) 2006-08-15 2007-08-10 Toner composition

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7691552B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1890196B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4987620B2 (en)
BR (1) BRPI0703317B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2597149C (en)
MX (1) MX2007009622A (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2008046640A (en) 2008-02-28
MX2007009622A (en) 2008-10-29
EP1890196A3 (en) 2009-08-12
BRPI0703317A (en) 2008-04-01
BRPI0703317B1 (en) 2019-08-06
JP4987620B2 (en) 2012-07-25
CA2597149C (en) 2012-01-03
EP1890196B1 (en) 2016-04-13
EP1890196A2 (en) 2008-02-20
US20080044754A1 (en) 2008-02-21
US7691552B2 (en) 2010-04-06

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