CA2708971C - Vascular hole closure device - Google Patents
Vascular hole closure device Download PDFInfo
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- CA2708971C CA2708971C CA2708971A CA2708971A CA2708971C CA 2708971 C CA2708971 C CA 2708971C CA 2708971 A CA2708971 A CA 2708971A CA 2708971 A CA2708971 A CA 2708971A CA 2708971 C CA2708971 C CA 2708971C
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- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 title description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 210000001105 femoral artery Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 238000002399 angioplasty Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013152 interventional procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactide Chemical compound CC1OC(=O)C(C)OC1=O JJTUDXZGHPGLLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001692 polycarbonate urethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003356 suture material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007631 vascular surgery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/0057—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B2017/00004—(bio)absorbable, (bio)resorbable, resorptive
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/0057—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
- A61B2017/00575—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
- A61B2017/00615—Implements with an occluder on one side of the opening and holding means therefor on the other
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/0057—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
- A61B2017/00575—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect for closure at remote site, e.g. closing atrial septum defects
- A61B2017/00623—Introducing or retrieving devices therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/0057—Implements for plugging an opening in the wall of a hollow or tubular organ, e.g. for sealing a vessel puncture or closing a cardiac septal defect
- A61B2017/00646—Type of implements
- A61B2017/00659—Type of implements located only on one side of the opening
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
A device (10) for closing an aperture in a vessel wall comprising a covering member (40) having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture and a first spherical retainer (20, 22) positionable external of the vessel. The covering member has a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture.
Description
VASCULAR HOLE CLOSURE DEVICE
BACKGROUND
Technical Field This application relates to a vascular device and more particularly to a device for closing openings in vessel walls.
Background of Related Art During certain types of vascular surgery, catheters are inserted through an incision in the skin and underlying tissue to access the femoral artery in the patient's leg. The catheter is then inserted through the access opening made in the wall of the femoral artery and guided through the artery to the desired site to perform surgical procedures such as angioplasty or plaque removal. After the surgical procedure is completed and the catheter is removed from the patient, the access hole must be closed. This is quite difficult not only because of the high blood flow from the artery, but also because there =
are many layers of tissue that must be penetrated to reach the femoral artery.
Several approaches to date have been used to close femoral access holes. In one approach, manual compression by hand over the puncture site is augmented by a sandbag or weight until the blood coagulates. With this approach, it can take up to six hours for the vessel hole to close and for the patient to be able to ambulate. This inefficiency increases the surgical procedure time as well as the overall cost of the procedure since the hospital staff must physically maintain pressure and the patient's discharge is delayed because of the inability to ambulate.
In another approach to close the vessel puncture site, a clamp is attached to the operating table and the patient's leg. The clamp applies pressure to the vessel opening.
The patient, however, must still be monitored to ensure the blood is coagulating, requiring additional time of the hospital staff and increasing the cost of the procedure.
To avoid the foregoing disadvantages of manual pressure approaches, suturing devices have been developed. One such suturing device, referred to as "the Closer" and sold by Perclose, advances needles adjacent the vessel wall opening and pulls suture material outwardly through the wall adjacent the opening. The surgeon then ties a knot in the suture, closing the opening. One difficulty with the procedure involves the number of steps required by the surgeon to deploy the needles, capture the suture, withdraw the suture, and tie the knot and secure the suture. Moreover, the surgeon cannot easily visualize the suture because of the depth of the femoral artery (relative to the skin) and essentially ties the suture knot blindly or blindly slips a pre-tied knot into position.
Additionally, the ability to tie the knot varies among surgeons; therefore success and accuracy of the hole closure can be dependent on the skill of the surgeon. Yet another disadvantage of this suturing instrument is that the vessel opening is widened for insertion of the instrument, thus creating a bigger opening to close in the case of failure to deliver the closure system. It is also difficult to pass the needle through calcified vessels.
U.S. Patent No. 4,744,364 discloses another approach for sealing a vessel puncture in the form of a device having an expandable closure member with a filament for pulling it against the vessel wall. The closure member is held in place by a strip of tape placed on the skin to hold the filament in place. However, the closure device is still subject to movement which can cause leakage through the puncture.
Additionally, if the suture becomes loose, the closure member is not retained and can flow downstream in the vessel. Moreover, since the suture extends through the skin, a potential pathway for infection is created. The closure device in U.S. Patent No. 5,545,178 includes a resorbable collagen foam plug located within the puncture tract. However, since coagulation typically takes up to twenty minutes and blood can leak in between the plug and tissue tract, manual pressure must be applied to the puncture for a period of time, until the collagen plug expands within the tract.
It would therefore be advantageous to provide a device which would more quickly and effectively close openings (punctures) in vessel walls. Such device would advantageously avoid the aforementioned time and expense of applying manual pressure to the opening, simplify the steps required to close the opening, avoid widening of the opening, and more effectively retain the closure device in the vessel.
Commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 7,662,161, discloses effective vascular hole closure devices which have the foregoing
BACKGROUND
Technical Field This application relates to a vascular device and more particularly to a device for closing openings in vessel walls.
Background of Related Art During certain types of vascular surgery, catheters are inserted through an incision in the skin and underlying tissue to access the femoral artery in the patient's leg. The catheter is then inserted through the access opening made in the wall of the femoral artery and guided through the artery to the desired site to perform surgical procedures such as angioplasty or plaque removal. After the surgical procedure is completed and the catheter is removed from the patient, the access hole must be closed. This is quite difficult not only because of the high blood flow from the artery, but also because there =
are many layers of tissue that must be penetrated to reach the femoral artery.
Several approaches to date have been used to close femoral access holes. In one approach, manual compression by hand over the puncture site is augmented by a sandbag or weight until the blood coagulates. With this approach, it can take up to six hours for the vessel hole to close and for the patient to be able to ambulate. This inefficiency increases the surgical procedure time as well as the overall cost of the procedure since the hospital staff must physically maintain pressure and the patient's discharge is delayed because of the inability to ambulate.
In another approach to close the vessel puncture site, a clamp is attached to the operating table and the patient's leg. The clamp applies pressure to the vessel opening.
The patient, however, must still be monitored to ensure the blood is coagulating, requiring additional time of the hospital staff and increasing the cost of the procedure.
To avoid the foregoing disadvantages of manual pressure approaches, suturing devices have been developed. One such suturing device, referred to as "the Closer" and sold by Perclose, advances needles adjacent the vessel wall opening and pulls suture material outwardly through the wall adjacent the opening. The surgeon then ties a knot in the suture, closing the opening. One difficulty with the procedure involves the number of steps required by the surgeon to deploy the needles, capture the suture, withdraw the suture, and tie the knot and secure the suture. Moreover, the surgeon cannot easily visualize the suture because of the depth of the femoral artery (relative to the skin) and essentially ties the suture knot blindly or blindly slips a pre-tied knot into position.
Additionally, the ability to tie the knot varies among surgeons; therefore success and accuracy of the hole closure can be dependent on the skill of the surgeon. Yet another disadvantage of this suturing instrument is that the vessel opening is widened for insertion of the instrument, thus creating a bigger opening to close in the case of failure to deliver the closure system. It is also difficult to pass the needle through calcified vessels.
U.S. Patent No. 4,744,364 discloses another approach for sealing a vessel puncture in the form of a device having an expandable closure member with a filament for pulling it against the vessel wall. The closure member is held in place by a strip of tape placed on the skin to hold the filament in place. However, the closure device is still subject to movement which can cause leakage through the puncture.
Additionally, if the suture becomes loose, the closure member is not retained and can flow downstream in the vessel. Moreover, since the suture extends through the skin, a potential pathway for infection is created. The closure device in U.S. Patent No. 5,545,178 includes a resorbable collagen foam plug located within the puncture tract. However, since coagulation typically takes up to twenty minutes and blood can leak in between the plug and tissue tract, manual pressure must be applied to the puncture for a period of time, until the collagen plug expands within the tract.
It would therefore be advantageous to provide a device which would more quickly and effectively close openings (punctures) in vessel walls. Such device would advantageously avoid the aforementioned time and expense of applying manual pressure to the opening, simplify the steps required to close the opening, avoid widening of the opening, and more effectively retain the closure device in the vessel.
Commonly assigned U.S. Patent No. 7,662,161, discloses effective vascular hole closure devices which have the foregoing
2 Commonly assigned co-pending patent application no 10/847,141, filed May 17, 2004, discloses effective vascular hole closure devices which have the foregoing advantages. It would be further advantageous to provide a vascular hole closure device which is adjustable to accommodate different tissue thicknesses and applies a more constant clamping/retaining force between the intravascular and extravascular components of the device irrespective of tissue thickness.
SUMMARY
The present invention overcomes the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention provides a device for closing an aperture in a vessel wall, the aperture having an external opening in an external region of the vessel wall and an internal opening in an internal region of the vessel wall. The device comprises a covering member having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture and a first spherical retainer positionable external of the vessel.
The covering member has a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture.
The device preferably includes a second spherical member and first and second sutures attached to respective spherical members. Preferably, pulling of the first suture moves the first retainer toward the covering member and pulling of the second suture moves the second retainer toward the covering member.
Preferably the covering member is composed of a resorbable material. In a preferred embodiment, the retainers and sutures are also composed of a resorbable material.
In a preferred embodiment, the retainers in a placement position are positioned in a substantially side by side relationship and in the delivery position are positioned in stacked relationship.
The present invention also provides a method of closing an aperture in a vessel wall, the aperture having an external opening in an external region of the vessel wall and an internal opening in an internal region of the vessel wall. The method comprises inserting a covering member inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture, the covering member having a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture,
SUMMARY
The present invention overcomes the disadvantages and deficiencies of the prior art. The present invention provides a device for closing an aperture in a vessel wall, the aperture having an external opening in an external region of the vessel wall and an internal opening in an internal region of the vessel wall. The device comprises a covering member having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture and a first spherical retainer positionable external of the vessel.
The covering member has a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture.
The device preferably includes a second spherical member and first and second sutures attached to respective spherical members. Preferably, pulling of the first suture moves the first retainer toward the covering member and pulling of the second suture moves the second retainer toward the covering member.
Preferably the covering member is composed of a resorbable material. In a preferred embodiment, the retainers and sutures are also composed of a resorbable material.
In a preferred embodiment, the retainers in a placement position are positioned in a substantially side by side relationship and in the delivery position are positioned in stacked relationship.
The present invention also provides a method of closing an aperture in a vessel wall, the aperture having an external opening in an external region of the vessel wall and an internal opening in an internal region of the vessel wall. The method comprises inserting a covering member inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture, the covering member having a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture,
3 inserting a first spherical retainer external of the vessel, and advancing the first retainer toward the covering member.
Preferably, the step of advancing the first retainer comprises the step of moving a suture, wherein the first retainer is fixedly attached to the suture. The method also preferably includes the step of inserting a second spherical retainer external of the vessel and advancing the second retainer toward the covering member by suture movement.
Preferably, the first and second retainers are placed in side by side relationship and left in the body to resorb over a period of time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the closure device of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a side perspective view of the covering member of the closure device of Figure 1 shown within the delivery sheath;
Figure 3 is a side perspective view illustrating the covering member of Figure deployed from the delivery sheath;
Figure 4 is a side view illustrating one of the spherical retainers of the closure device deployed from the sheath (the vessel wall shown in cross-section);
Figure 5 illustrates both spherical retainers deployed from the sheath;
Figure 6 illustrates the sutures pulled to move the spherical retainers toward the covering member for positioning in a side by side relationship against the outer surface of the vessel wall;
Figure 7 is a perspective view illustrating the retainers in the placement position;
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the covering member and sutures of an alternate embodiment of the closure device of the present invention showing the sutures attached to the covering member via a looped suture; and Figure 9 is a perspective view illustrating an alternate orientation of the retainers in the placement position.
Preferably, the step of advancing the first retainer comprises the step of moving a suture, wherein the first retainer is fixedly attached to the suture. The method also preferably includes the step of inserting a second spherical retainer external of the vessel and advancing the second retainer toward the covering member by suture movement.
Preferably, the first and second retainers are placed in side by side relationship and left in the body to resorb over a period of time.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Preferred embodiment(s) of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the drawings wherein:
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the closure device of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a side perspective view of the covering member of the closure device of Figure 1 shown within the delivery sheath;
Figure 3 is a side perspective view illustrating the covering member of Figure deployed from the delivery sheath;
Figure 4 is a side view illustrating one of the spherical retainers of the closure device deployed from the sheath (the vessel wall shown in cross-section);
Figure 5 illustrates both spherical retainers deployed from the sheath;
Figure 6 illustrates the sutures pulled to move the spherical retainers toward the covering member for positioning in a side by side relationship against the outer surface of the vessel wall;
Figure 7 is a perspective view illustrating the retainers in the placement position;
Figure 8 is a perspective view of the covering member and sutures of an alternate embodiment of the closure device of the present invention showing the sutures attached to the covering member via a looped suture; and Figure 9 is a perspective view illustrating an alternate orientation of the retainers in the placement position.
4 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
Referring now in detail to the drawings where like reference numerals identify similar or like components throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the vascular hole (aperture) closure device of the present invention. The device is intended to close an aperture in the vessel wall, typically formed after removal of a catheter previously inserted through the vessel wall into the vessel lumen for performing angioplasty or other interventional procedures. The aperture extends through the patient's skin and underlying tissue, through the external wall of the vessel, through the wall of the vessel, and through the internal wall of the vessel to communicate with the internal lumen of the vessel. The closure device of the present invention has an intravascular component to block blood flow and an extravascular component to retain the intravascular component.
More specifically, the closure device includes a covering member or patch positioned within the vessel against the internal wall of the vessel to block blood flow and two spherical retainers positioned external of the vessel wall to retain the covering member in its blocking position. Each retainer is fixedly attached to a suture such that pulling of the suture advances the attached retainer toward the covering member to ultimately position the retainers in a side by side relationship either against or adjacent the external surface of the vessel wall.
Turning to Figures 1-7, a first embodiment of the closure device of the present invention is illustrated. Hole (aperture) closure device 10 has a covering member or patch 40 and a first spherical retainer or ball 20 and a second spherical retainer or ball 22.
The covering member 40 is dimensioned and configured for positioning inside the vessel on the internal side of the vessel aperture against the internal wall of the vessel; the retainers 20, 22 are configured to be positioned outside the vessel wall adjacent or contiguous the external side of the vessel aperture.
Covering member 40, preferably elongated in configuration as shown, is retained in a delivery sheath in a longitudinal position for delivery to the vessel, and then pivots to a transverse position within the vessel lumen (substantially perpendicular to an axis extending through the aperture), for orientation to cover (patch) the vessel aperture on the internal side. This movement is illustrated in Figures 37A-37D of commonly assigned co-pending patent application serial no. 10/847,141, filed May 17, 2004, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference (hereinafter the '141 application).
The spherical retainers are preferably held in the delivery tube in a stacked relationship (not shown), with retainer 22 atop retainer 20 (or vice versa).
The elongated covering member 40 functions to cover (patch) the internal opening in the vessel wall to prevent the egress of blood. With reference to Figures 1 and 4, the covering member 40 is preferably somewhat oval shaped with elongated substantially parallel side walls 42a, 42b and end walls 44a, 44b connecting the side walls 42a, 42b. Other shapes of the covering member are also contemplated. Although the ends preferably have substantially straight wall portions 44a, 44b, curved walls are also contemplated. Covering member preferably has a thicker region 43 in the central region than the first and second end regions 45, 47. Other dimensions are also contemplated.
The longitudinal axis of covering member 40 defines a lengthwise dimension and transverse axes define a shorter widthwise dimensions. The widthwise dimension of the covering member 40 can be about 2.5 mm (for a 6 Fr device). In a preferred embodiment, the covering member 40 is about 3.3 mm in widthwise dimension.
Other dimensions are also contemplated. The width preferably is at least substantially equal to the dimension of the internal opening in the vessel wall to effectively cover the opening.
In a preferred embodiment, the covering member 40 has a length of about 8mm (in a 6 French system).
It should be appreciated that alternatively the covering member could be provided with an enlarged width region as illustrated in the embodiment of Figure 1 of the '141 application. The covering member could also be configured asymmetrically so that the enlarged region is off-centered to accommodate widening of the aperture as the member is pulled at an angle. The covering member could also be configured in a paddle shaped with a narrowed region adjacent a wider region as in Figures 9B-9E of the '141 application. Other covering member configurations including those disclosed in the '141 application could be utilized with the retainers of this present application.
The elongated covering member can be composed of materials such as polycarbonate or polyurethane. Preferably it is composed of resorbable materials such as lactide/glycolide copolymers that after a period of time resorb in the body.
If composed of resorbable material, the covering member could optionally have regions of varying resorbability. Varying degrees of resorbability can be achieved for example by utilizing different materials having differing resorbable characteristics or by varying the mass of the covering member (increased mass increases resorbtion time).
Spherical retainers 20 and 22 are preferably composed of resorbable material.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of each retainer 20, 22 is about .095 inches, although other dimensions are contemplated. Although shown as spheres, other rounded shapes are also contemplated. The retainers could alternatively be made of non-absorbable polymeric or metallic material.
When the retainers 20 and 22 are released from the delivery instrument, they are spaced further from the covering member 40. They are then configured to be advanced toward the covering member 40. More specifically, each retainer 20, 22 is fixedly secured to a respective suture 30, 32. Sutures 30, 32 are preferably made of polymeric material and are preferably resorbable, composed of a material such as polydioxanome.
It is also contemplated that alternatively a metallic material could be utilized.
As shown, suture 30 has a free end 30a and an opposite end 30b secured to retainer 20 by molding, gluing, forming a knot, or other methods. Similarly, suture 32 has a free end 32a and an opposite end 32b secured to retainer 22 in a similar manner.
The suture is shown in the embodiment of Figure 1 looped through the covering member.
Other methods of attachment are also contemplated. For example, in the alternative embodiment of Figure 8, sutures 150, 152 are attached to covering member 140 by a loop of suture 160. Loop 160 extends upwardly (proximally) from the covering member and the sutures 150, 152 are looped through suture loop 160.
To advance the retainers 20, 22 toward the vessel wall (and covering member), the free end of each suture is pulled proximally (in a direction of the arrow of Figure 4, thereby moving the respective retainer in the opposite direction closer to the aperture A
and vessel wall W. Once tightened against the tissue, a sufficient retention force is maintained, i.e. a proximal pulling force on the covering member 40 to pull it slightly upwardly (proximally) against the vessel wall. The retainers 20, 22 therefore help to prevent the covering member 40 from separating from the vessel wall (e.g.
moving in the direction toward the opposing vessel wall) which could create an unwanted gap between the covering member 40 and the vessel opening to allow blood flow. The extent to which the retainers 20, 22 move toward the wall (and thus their distance from the vessel wall in their final placement position) will depend on the tissue thickness. Thus, the closure device can adjust for different tissue thicknesses and apply a constant retention force regardless of tissue thickness.
The delivery instrument for inserting the closure device extends through an opening in the skin, through the tissue tract to the vessel, through an external opening in the vessel wall, through the aperture in the vessel wall, and through an internal opening on the internal side of the vessel wall into the vessel lumen.
The covering member 40 in Figure 2 is outside retainer tube 50 and within delivery sheath 60 in a tilted position. The covering member 40 emerges from the sheath 60 and moves from a tilted and preferably a somewhat straightened positioned, (substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the sheath) to a transverse position within the vessel (see Figure 3). (Note the vessel wall is shown in Figure 3 but the rest of the vessel and tissue are removed for clarity.) The retainers 20, 22 remain within tube 50.
Note the covering member 40 can be ejected by a pusher (not shown) contacting the side or top wall.
As shown in Figure 4 covering member 40 is pulled proximally to abut the internal opening on the internal side of the vessel W to cover (patch) the opening and the suture extends through the opening A in the vessel wall. The first retainer 20 is shown ejected from the sheath S in Figure 4 either by advancing the retainer, retracting the sheath or relative movement of both. The second retainer 22 is still within tube 50. The second retainer 22 is then deployed in a similar manner as retainer 20 and is shown outside sheath 60 in Figure 5. Note that in the delivery position, the retainers 20 and 22 are preferably in a stacked relationship (not shown) to minimize the transverse dimension of the delivery system.
Then, to retain the covering member 40 in position against the vessel wall to block blood flow therethrough, sutures 30 and 32 are pulled proximally from their free ends in the direction of arrows B of Figure 6, thereby advancing the retainers 20, 22 distally in the direction of arrows C toward the vessel wall V and covering member 40.
As shown, the retainers 20, 22 can be moved to a position contiguous to the vessel wall, or depending on tissue thickness, may be adjacent the wall with some tissue interposed between the retainers and vessel wall. The retainers 20, 22 in this position apply a proximal (upward) force on the elongated covering member 40 to limit movement of the covering member into the vessel. The retainers in this placement position are preferably in a substantially side by side relationship as shown in Figure 7.
As shown in Figure 7, in the side by side relationship, the retainers 20 and 22 are alongside in a transverse orientation with respect to covering member 40. That is, they are positioned along the width of the covering member 40. However it is also contemplated that the retainers in the placement position can be in a lengthwise orientation (substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the covering member) as shown in Figure 9 where corresponding components to Figure 7 have prime designations.
The retainers could also be in other side by side arrangements at angles to the longitudinal axis.
While the above description contains many specifics, those specifics should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments thereof. The scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth herein, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.
Referring now in detail to the drawings where like reference numerals identify similar or like components throughout the several views, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the vascular hole (aperture) closure device of the present invention. The device is intended to close an aperture in the vessel wall, typically formed after removal of a catheter previously inserted through the vessel wall into the vessel lumen for performing angioplasty or other interventional procedures. The aperture extends through the patient's skin and underlying tissue, through the external wall of the vessel, through the wall of the vessel, and through the internal wall of the vessel to communicate with the internal lumen of the vessel. The closure device of the present invention has an intravascular component to block blood flow and an extravascular component to retain the intravascular component.
More specifically, the closure device includes a covering member or patch positioned within the vessel against the internal wall of the vessel to block blood flow and two spherical retainers positioned external of the vessel wall to retain the covering member in its blocking position. Each retainer is fixedly attached to a suture such that pulling of the suture advances the attached retainer toward the covering member to ultimately position the retainers in a side by side relationship either against or adjacent the external surface of the vessel wall.
Turning to Figures 1-7, a first embodiment of the closure device of the present invention is illustrated. Hole (aperture) closure device 10 has a covering member or patch 40 and a first spherical retainer or ball 20 and a second spherical retainer or ball 22.
The covering member 40 is dimensioned and configured for positioning inside the vessel on the internal side of the vessel aperture against the internal wall of the vessel; the retainers 20, 22 are configured to be positioned outside the vessel wall adjacent or contiguous the external side of the vessel aperture.
Covering member 40, preferably elongated in configuration as shown, is retained in a delivery sheath in a longitudinal position for delivery to the vessel, and then pivots to a transverse position within the vessel lumen (substantially perpendicular to an axis extending through the aperture), for orientation to cover (patch) the vessel aperture on the internal side. This movement is illustrated in Figures 37A-37D of commonly assigned co-pending patent application serial no. 10/847,141, filed May 17, 2004, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference (hereinafter the '141 application).
The spherical retainers are preferably held in the delivery tube in a stacked relationship (not shown), with retainer 22 atop retainer 20 (or vice versa).
The elongated covering member 40 functions to cover (patch) the internal opening in the vessel wall to prevent the egress of blood. With reference to Figures 1 and 4, the covering member 40 is preferably somewhat oval shaped with elongated substantially parallel side walls 42a, 42b and end walls 44a, 44b connecting the side walls 42a, 42b. Other shapes of the covering member are also contemplated. Although the ends preferably have substantially straight wall portions 44a, 44b, curved walls are also contemplated. Covering member preferably has a thicker region 43 in the central region than the first and second end regions 45, 47. Other dimensions are also contemplated.
The longitudinal axis of covering member 40 defines a lengthwise dimension and transverse axes define a shorter widthwise dimensions. The widthwise dimension of the covering member 40 can be about 2.5 mm (for a 6 Fr device). In a preferred embodiment, the covering member 40 is about 3.3 mm in widthwise dimension.
Other dimensions are also contemplated. The width preferably is at least substantially equal to the dimension of the internal opening in the vessel wall to effectively cover the opening.
In a preferred embodiment, the covering member 40 has a length of about 8mm (in a 6 French system).
It should be appreciated that alternatively the covering member could be provided with an enlarged width region as illustrated in the embodiment of Figure 1 of the '141 application. The covering member could also be configured asymmetrically so that the enlarged region is off-centered to accommodate widening of the aperture as the member is pulled at an angle. The covering member could also be configured in a paddle shaped with a narrowed region adjacent a wider region as in Figures 9B-9E of the '141 application. Other covering member configurations including those disclosed in the '141 application could be utilized with the retainers of this present application.
The elongated covering member can be composed of materials such as polycarbonate or polyurethane. Preferably it is composed of resorbable materials such as lactide/glycolide copolymers that after a period of time resorb in the body.
If composed of resorbable material, the covering member could optionally have regions of varying resorbability. Varying degrees of resorbability can be achieved for example by utilizing different materials having differing resorbable characteristics or by varying the mass of the covering member (increased mass increases resorbtion time).
Spherical retainers 20 and 22 are preferably composed of resorbable material.
In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of each retainer 20, 22 is about .095 inches, although other dimensions are contemplated. Although shown as spheres, other rounded shapes are also contemplated. The retainers could alternatively be made of non-absorbable polymeric or metallic material.
When the retainers 20 and 22 are released from the delivery instrument, they are spaced further from the covering member 40. They are then configured to be advanced toward the covering member 40. More specifically, each retainer 20, 22 is fixedly secured to a respective suture 30, 32. Sutures 30, 32 are preferably made of polymeric material and are preferably resorbable, composed of a material such as polydioxanome.
It is also contemplated that alternatively a metallic material could be utilized.
As shown, suture 30 has a free end 30a and an opposite end 30b secured to retainer 20 by molding, gluing, forming a knot, or other methods. Similarly, suture 32 has a free end 32a and an opposite end 32b secured to retainer 22 in a similar manner.
The suture is shown in the embodiment of Figure 1 looped through the covering member.
Other methods of attachment are also contemplated. For example, in the alternative embodiment of Figure 8, sutures 150, 152 are attached to covering member 140 by a loop of suture 160. Loop 160 extends upwardly (proximally) from the covering member and the sutures 150, 152 are looped through suture loop 160.
To advance the retainers 20, 22 toward the vessel wall (and covering member), the free end of each suture is pulled proximally (in a direction of the arrow of Figure 4, thereby moving the respective retainer in the opposite direction closer to the aperture A
and vessel wall W. Once tightened against the tissue, a sufficient retention force is maintained, i.e. a proximal pulling force on the covering member 40 to pull it slightly upwardly (proximally) against the vessel wall. The retainers 20, 22 therefore help to prevent the covering member 40 from separating from the vessel wall (e.g.
moving in the direction toward the opposing vessel wall) which could create an unwanted gap between the covering member 40 and the vessel opening to allow blood flow. The extent to which the retainers 20, 22 move toward the wall (and thus their distance from the vessel wall in their final placement position) will depend on the tissue thickness. Thus, the closure device can adjust for different tissue thicknesses and apply a constant retention force regardless of tissue thickness.
The delivery instrument for inserting the closure device extends through an opening in the skin, through the tissue tract to the vessel, through an external opening in the vessel wall, through the aperture in the vessel wall, and through an internal opening on the internal side of the vessel wall into the vessel lumen.
The covering member 40 in Figure 2 is outside retainer tube 50 and within delivery sheath 60 in a tilted position. The covering member 40 emerges from the sheath 60 and moves from a tilted and preferably a somewhat straightened positioned, (substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the sheath) to a transverse position within the vessel (see Figure 3). (Note the vessel wall is shown in Figure 3 but the rest of the vessel and tissue are removed for clarity.) The retainers 20, 22 remain within tube 50.
Note the covering member 40 can be ejected by a pusher (not shown) contacting the side or top wall.
As shown in Figure 4 covering member 40 is pulled proximally to abut the internal opening on the internal side of the vessel W to cover (patch) the opening and the suture extends through the opening A in the vessel wall. The first retainer 20 is shown ejected from the sheath S in Figure 4 either by advancing the retainer, retracting the sheath or relative movement of both. The second retainer 22 is still within tube 50. The second retainer 22 is then deployed in a similar manner as retainer 20 and is shown outside sheath 60 in Figure 5. Note that in the delivery position, the retainers 20 and 22 are preferably in a stacked relationship (not shown) to minimize the transverse dimension of the delivery system.
Then, to retain the covering member 40 in position against the vessel wall to block blood flow therethrough, sutures 30 and 32 are pulled proximally from their free ends in the direction of arrows B of Figure 6, thereby advancing the retainers 20, 22 distally in the direction of arrows C toward the vessel wall V and covering member 40.
As shown, the retainers 20, 22 can be moved to a position contiguous to the vessel wall, or depending on tissue thickness, may be adjacent the wall with some tissue interposed between the retainers and vessel wall. The retainers 20, 22 in this position apply a proximal (upward) force on the elongated covering member 40 to limit movement of the covering member into the vessel. The retainers in this placement position are preferably in a substantially side by side relationship as shown in Figure 7.
As shown in Figure 7, in the side by side relationship, the retainers 20 and 22 are alongside in a transverse orientation with respect to covering member 40. That is, they are positioned along the width of the covering member 40. However it is also contemplated that the retainers in the placement position can be in a lengthwise orientation (substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the covering member) as shown in Figure 9 where corresponding components to Figure 7 have prime designations.
The retainers could also be in other side by side arrangements at angles to the longitudinal axis.
While the above description contains many specifics, those specifics should not be construed as limitations on the scope of the disclosure, but merely as exemplifications of preferred embodiments thereof. The scope of the claims should not be limited by the preferred embodiments set forth herein, but should be given the broadest interpretation consistent with the description as a whole.
Claims (19)
1. A device for closing an aperture in a vessel wall, the aperture having an external opening in an external region of the vessel wall and an internal opening in an internal region of the vessel wall, the device comprising:
a covering member having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture, the covering member having a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture;
a first spherical retainer positionable external of the vessel;
a first suture, wherein the first spherical retainer is attached to the first suture and pulling of the first suture moves the first retainer toward the covering member;
a second spherical retainer positionable external of the vessel; and a second suture, the second spherical retainer attached to the second suture and pulling of the second suture moves the second retainer toward the covering member.
a covering member having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture, the covering member having a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture;
a first spherical retainer positionable external of the vessel;
a first suture, wherein the first spherical retainer is attached to the first suture and pulling of the first suture moves the first retainer toward the covering member;
a second spherical retainer positionable external of the vessel; and a second suture, the second spherical retainer attached to the second suture and pulling of the second suture moves the second retainer toward the covering member.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the covering member is composed of a polymeric material.
3. The device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the covering member is composed of a resorbable material.
4. The device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first retainer is composed of a resorbable material.
5. The device of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first and second retainers and the first and second sutures are composed of a resorbable material.
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the first and second retainers in a placement position are positioned in a substantially side by side relationship.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the first and second retainers are positioned in a stacked relationship in a delivery position.
8. The device of claim 6, wherein the first and second retainers are in a transverse orientation with respect to the covering member in a placement position.
9. The device of claim 1, further comprising a looped suture extending from the covering member, and the first and second sutures are attached to the looped suture.
10. A device for closing an aperture in a vessel wall, the aperture having an external opening in an external region of the vessel wall and an internal opening in an internal region of the vessel wall, the device comprising:
a covering member having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture, the covering member having a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture;
a first suture extending from the covering member;
a first retainer positionable external of the vessel and fixedly secured to the first suture, wherein pulling the first suture advances the first retainer toward the covering member;
a second retainer movable toward the covering member; and a second suture extending from the covering member, the second retainer positionable external of the vessel and fixedly secured to the second suture, wherein pulling the second suture advances the second retainer toward the covering member.
a covering member having a longitudinal axis and positionable inside the vessel against the internal opening of the aperture, the covering member having a dimension to prevent egress of fluid through the aperture;
a first suture extending from the covering member;
a first retainer positionable external of the vessel and fixedly secured to the first suture, wherein pulling the first suture advances the first retainer toward the covering member;
a second retainer movable toward the covering member; and a second suture extending from the covering member, the second retainer positionable external of the vessel and fixedly secured to the second suture, wherein pulling the second suture advances the second retainer toward the covering member.
11. The device of claim 10, wherein pulling of the first suture proximally advances the first retainer toward the covering member.
12. The device of claim 10 or 11, wherein pulling of the second suture proximally advances the second retainer toward the covering member.
13. The device of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the covering member is composed of a polymeric material.
14. The device of any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein the covering member is composed of a resorbable material.
15. The device of any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the first and second retainers are composed of a resorbable material.
16. The device of claim 15, wherein the first and second sutures are composed of a resorbable material.
17. The device of any one of claims 10 to 16, wherein the first and second retainers in a placement position are positioned in a substantially side by side relationship.
18. The device of any one of claims 10 to 17, wherein the first and second retainers are positioned in a stacked relationship in a delivery position.
19. The device of any one of claims 10 to 18, wherein the first and second retainers are in a transverse orientation with respect to the covering member in the placement position.
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US12/358,411 US8070772B2 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-01-23 | Vascular hole closure device |
US12/358,411 | 2009-01-23 | ||
PCT/US2009/033339 WO2009102627A1 (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-06 | Vascular hole closure device |
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CA2708971C true CA2708971C (en) | 2015-12-15 |
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CA2708971A Active CA2708971C (en) | 2008-02-15 | 2009-02-06 | Vascular hole closure device |
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2009
- 2009-01-23 US US12/358,411 patent/US8070772B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-02-06 EP EP09711116.5A patent/EP2242427B1/en active Active
- 2009-02-06 JP JP2010546839A patent/JP5608101B2/en active Active
- 2009-02-06 WO PCT/US2009/033339 patent/WO2009102627A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-02-06 CA CA2708971A patent/CA2708971C/en active Active
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AU2009214990A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
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JP5608101B2 (en) | 2014-10-15 |
EP2242427B1 (en) | 2013-12-25 |
US10390807B2 (en) | 2019-08-27 |
WO2009102627A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
CA2708971A1 (en) | 2009-08-20 |
US8968361B2 (en) | 2015-03-03 |
US8070772B2 (en) | 2011-12-06 |
US9924930B2 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
US20120046673A1 (en) | 2012-02-23 |
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