CN100334499C - Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method thereof - Google Patents
Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100334499C CN100334499C CNB031540724A CN03154072A CN100334499C CN 100334499 C CN100334499 C CN 100334499C CN B031540724 A CNB031540724 A CN B031540724A CN 03154072 A CN03154072 A CN 03154072A CN 100334499 C CN100334499 C CN 100334499C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- shutter
- mechanical shutter
- image
- signal
- exposure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Images
Abstract
The present invention discloses an image shooting device which mainly comprises a CMOS image sensor, a lens module, a control device and a shutter button, wherein the CMOS image sensor has an electronic shutter function; the lens module is provided with a mechanical shutter. Exposure control comprises the following steps: the mechanical shutter is firstly started before shooting images; an instruction is sent to the control device by pressing the shutter button, a synchronous signal is provided for starting a first electronic shutter and clearing signal charges of residual images; a mechanical shutter closing control signal is provided for controlling the closing action of the mechanical shutter; the first electronic shutter is finished so as to start an exposure; before starting the mechanical shutter, a synchronous signal is provided for starting a second electronic shutter and finishing the exposure; after the mechanical shutter is completely closed, obtained image signals are sequentially transferred to a read region of the CMOS image sensor and are output.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the image-pickup device and the exposal control method thereof of relevant a kind of use CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) (CMOS) sensor, especially relevant a kind of image-pickup device and exposal control method thereof that cooperates the cmos image sensor electronic shutter to use with the opening and closing time of simple and easy mechanical shutter.
Background technology
Early stage digital camera is to adopt an electric charge lotus root to attach together to put (CCD) sensor replacement conventional film sensor light signal mostly, and its exposure control still relies on the keying of mechanical shutter to realize fully.For example, the United States Patent (USP) of announcing in March 20 nineteen ninety the 4th, 910, No. 606 and on June 16th, 1998 bulletin United States Patent (USP) the 5th, in 767, No. 904, all disclosing has the keying that similarly relies on mechanical shutter fully to control the digital camera design of time shutter.
At United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 910, in No. 606 disclosed digital camera exposure controlling Design, the electronic shutter time shutter of ccd sensor is about 1/60 second, and the time shutter of this camera is actually by the keying of mechanical shutter and controls, but because mechanical shutter normally just begins to close when the electronic shutter vertical synchronizing signal of ccd sensor produces, so the delay operation because of mechanical shutter causes ccd sensor disturbed by extraneous light when the picture signal electric charge is read easily, thereby produce the stain phenomenon, influence image quality.
In addition, at United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 767, in No. 904 disclosed digital camera exposure controlling Design, though require when the user presses shutter release button, just to produce immediately a synchronous signal driving tool shutter, to avoid the stain phenomenon occurring owing to operating delay, but in fact, the mechanical shutter speed that satisfies above-mentioned exposure control requirement must be very fast and accurate, so manufacture difficulty is higher relatively, and also expensive.
For this reason, industry was used mechanical shutter combines the control that exposes with electronic shutter mode afterwards instead, to simplify mechanical shutter mechanism, produced the stain phenomenon in the time of also can preventing to take simultaneously.For example, in No. the 5th, 140,426, the United States Patent (USP) of on August 18th, 1992 bulletin, just disclose to have and a kind ofly adopt simple and easy mechanical shutter to cooperate full frame transmission type (FIT) ccd sensor to realize the digital camera of exposure control.Wherein, this FIT-CCD sensor has electronic shutter function, and the time that the exposure zero-time of this camera is removed fully by residue signal electric charge in the FIT-CCD sensor is controlled, that is to say, after treating that the residue signal electric charge of the first figure field and the second figure field is eliminated in regular turn in the FIT-CCD sensor, two figure fields will begin to expose successively.In whole exposure process, the picture signal of the first figure field will be sent to fast earlier and be stored in the buffer, produce to prevent stain; Subsequently, again the picture signal of the second figure field is sent to the vertical electric charge lotus root and closes array, so far mechanical shutter begins to close, and disturbed by stain with the picture signal of avoiding the second figure field.Yet; when practical operation, for the time shutter that makes two figure field picture signals identical, the exposure zero-time of the second figure field picture signal usually can be done suitable delay; therefore will cause the exposure moment difference of two figure field picture signals, and then be difficult to realize the short electron exposure time.
In addition, for satisfying semiconductor image capturing apparatus high yield, needs cheaply, industry is released the another kind of image-pickup device exposure controlling Design that adopts transmission type in the ranks (IT) ccd sensor of the staggered read functions of tool again.For example, the United States Patent (USP) of announcing on May 14th, 1996 the 5th, 517, disclosed digital camera in No. 243, be to adopt mechanical shutter to combine the mode of exposing and controlling with the electronic shutter of IT-CCD sensor,, avoid the stain phenomenon to produce simultaneously to improve the degree of accuracy of time shutter.In the photographic images process, after residue signal electric charge in this IT-CCD sensor is transferred to vertical lotus root and closed array and remove, just begin immediately to expose, end exposure is then controlled by the shut-in time of mechanical shutter; After mechanical shutter was closed fully, the picture signal electric charge just began to close array to vertical lotus root and transmits, and then is read out.If adopt a figure screening-mode, then the picture signal electric charge of the first figure field will be sent to vertical lotus root and close array after mechanical shutter is closed fully, shift out in two recurrence intervals then; Subsequently, in a manner described the picture signal electric charge of the second figure field is shifted out again, and merge into the picture signal of same light sensitivity with the picture signal of the first figure field; Again these picture signals are read one by one at last.If adopt the picture frame screening-mode, then the picture signal of the first figure field will be sent to vertical lotus root and close array after mechanical shutter is closed, and then be read; Subsequently, the picture signal of the second figure field is also closed array with being sent to vertical lotus root earlier, and then is read.
The composite design of control decreases to the performance requirement of mechanical shutter though above-mentioned employing IT-CCD sensor electronics shutter cooperative mechanical shutter exposes, but because the restriction of lens design, still need enough fast mechanical shutter mechanism to control, to obtain preferable exposure range, therefore be necessary to design a kind of digital camera that relies on electronic shutter to realize exposure control fully and solve the problems referred to above.For example, disclosed digital camera in No. the 6th, 292,220, the United States Patent (USP) of September 18 calendar year 2001 bulletin is to adopt the expose design of control of a kind of electronic shutter that transmits (IT) CCD in the ranks by gradual sweep type.Wherein, the exposure zero-time is to control by overflowing control wave, and the end exposure time depends on that then the picture signal electric charge is sent to the time that the vertical lotus root of sensor is closed array fully.After treating that signal charge is sent fully, mechanical shutter is closed immediately.Because when mechanical shutter is closed, though signal charge has been stored into vertical lotus root and has closed array, but still the generation that may have a stain, therefore other is increased a special control timing and when mechanical shutter is closed, slowly shift vertical lotus root and close signal charge in the array, produce thereby reduce stain.Yet, these class methods only are applicable to the progressive scan formula CCD design that a mega pixel is following, and have both made the control timing that adopts complexity like this, also only are to reduce stain to produce, and the phenomenon that can't eliminate blemishes fully, therefore above-mentioned exposure controlling Design still is not suitable for most of digital cameras.
In addition, the existing electronic shutter of IT-CCD sensor that adopts also can be further with reference to Figure 11 in conjunction with the exposure control technology of mechanical shutter, wherein the electronic shutter of sensor is accurately controlled the exposure zero-time, and the end exposure time is then by the accurate control of closing of mechanical shutter.As shown in figure 11, the entire image capture process is to be controlled by the vertical sync pulse signal VD that the time clock generation unit sends, and each pulse signal waits with V1, V2, V3...V6 respectively to be represented.In addition, the IT-CCD sensor can provide a SUB pulse to be stored in residue signal electric charge in the sensor light electric diode with removing, and the picture signal of accumulating in its photodiode array mode with the first figure field (FIELD 1) and the second figure field (FIELD 2) of can dividing transmits respectively, wherein the first figure field is made up of the photodiode that is positioned at odd column, and the second figure field then is made up of the photodiode that is positioned at even column.Under preview mode (shown in vertical synchronizing signal section V1, V2 and V6 correspondence among the figure), mechanical shutter is opening, sensor will be collected partly view data and continuous output to carry out the follow-up data processing, owing to expend the time less that closes array vertical lotus root in this process, so stain phenomenon and not obvious.In (shown in vertical synchronizing signal section V3, V4 and V5 correspondence among the figure) under the still image intake mode, can provide a SUB pulse to be stored in residue signal electric charge in the sensor light electric diode earlier with removing; Work as end-of-pulsing, the residue signal electric charge just begins to expose after removing and finishing immediately; So far, the signal charge that lodges in the sensor light electric diode is the picture signal electric charge.Picture signal obtains identical exposure in the two figure fields in order to make, and mechanical shutter will begin to close when the V3 period finishes, at this moment end exposure.After treating that mechanical shutter is closed fully, provide a gate signal TG3 that the first figure field picture signal charge FIELD 1 is sent to again and be read out again after vertical lotus root is closed array.Then, when the V4 period finishes, provide a gate signal TG4 that the second figure field picture signal charge FIELD 2 is sent to and be read out again after vertical lotus root is closed array.After the second figure field picture signal charge FIELD 2 was read fully, mechanical shutter was just opened once more to carry out image capture next time.Be transferred into before vertical lotus root closes array at the first figure field picture signal charge FIELD 1, will carry out a high speed signal electric charge clear program and close residue signal electric charge on the array because light leak is accumulated in these vertical lotus roots, thereby eliminate or the generation of minimizing stain to remove.Yet, because existing this class adopts the exposure controlling Design of the electronic shutter of IT-CCD sensor in conjunction with mechanical shutter, its minimum exposure time that can reach still depends on the closing velocity of this mechanical shutter, so make that the short exposure time design of mechanical shutter is complicated, thereby increase the manufacturing cost of image-pickup device.
In addition, growing along with semiconductor fabrication, cmos image sensor relies on also more and more many appearing in all kinds of digital image products of characteristics of its low cost and low power consuming, and the trend that replaces ccd sensor gradually in main product market is arranged.The general image-pickup device of cmos image sensor that uses possesses electronics scrolling shutter (rolling shutter) usually, and when reading data, each row image document is behind end exposure in the sensor, just sends immediately.See also Figure 12, a kind of cmos image sensor of tool electronics scrolling shutter, wherein the image document of the sensor first row L1 is just to read after going through one period time shutter, and the image document of secondary series L2 begins to read when then need read at the image document of the first row L1 and finishing immediately; Design concept is analogized according to this, and the image document of N row LN is that the image document at N-1 row LN-1 reads and begins immediately to read when finishing.Therefore, each row (L1, L2 ... LN) terminal point of time shutter need depend on the reading speed of previous column image document, and is to make whole array all possess identical exposure, and the exposure initial point of each row all need be adjusted.But when actual operation, then easy exposure initial point and each exposure moment difference that is listed as inequality and feasible, that is each row shooting time difference because of each row image document, thus cause image to tear up and down or twist, during object, this phenomenon is particularly serious in taking moving.
Other sees also Figure 13, for the exposure initial point that makes whole array all identical, prior art proposes following method, after soon the whole array of cmos image sensor will be reset, make each row (L1, L2 ... LN) begin exposure constantly simultaneously at T0, and then according to the controlling Design of aforementioned electronic scrolling shutter, the image document of each row of reading images sensor.Because the electron exposure terminal point of each row is still inequality, therefore a mechanical shutter is set again, after a period of time (T0-T1), promptly close this mechanical shutter with the control end exposure time, and then make the exposure of whole array all identical.But thus, the minimum exposure time that can reach depends on the closing velocity of this mechanical shutter, thus make the mechanical shutter complex structural designsization, and increase the manufacturing cost of image-pickup device.
Recently, the design that existing figure frame (Frame) exposure technique combines with electronics scrolling shutter, for example a kind of asynchronous random access metal oxide semiconductor sensor.This sensor is different from the line style Exposure mode that the traditional cmos imageing sensor is adopted, but allows whole C mos image sensor array expose at one time, and the gained image document then is temporary on each picture element, reads by row more subsequently.Though this type of design need not to be provided with the mechanical type shade, but still need be equipped with complicated integrated circuit layout design, thus the complexity that has increased design and made, and be difficult for reaching fully purpose of design.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of exposal control method of image-pickup device, solve the image document inconsistent problem of exposure moment of existing cmos image sensor with easy means.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a kind of image-pickup device, control by simple and easy mechanical shutter, and in conjunction with the electronic shutter function of cmos image sensor, realize preferable exposure control, thereby avoid stain to produce, image quality is promoted, can simplify the lens design complexity simultaneously, reduce the manufacturing cost of relevant digital audio and video products.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of image-pickup device, need not too much to consider the designing requirement of mechanical shutter degree of accuracy and closing velocity during design, thereby the degree of freedom of its whole optical system design is significantly promoted.
The exposal control method of image-pickup device of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: it mainly is to rely on mechanical shutter to cooperate the electronic shutter function of cmos image sensor to realize, roughly comprise following steps: before the electronic shutter exposure of cmos image sensor, finish the unlatching of mechanical shutter; Send the signal of removing the residual image signal, the electronic shutter that starts cmos image sensor exposes; Before the electronic shutter end exposure of cmos image sensor, start the out code of mechanical shutter; Behind the electronic shutter end exposure of cmos image sensor, mechanical shutter begins to close; After mechanical shutter is closed fully, begin to read in the image document that is absorbed between the electronic shutter exposure period of cmos image sensor.
Image-pickup device of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: it mainly comprises a cmos image sensor, a camera lens module, a control device and a shutter release button, wherein this cmos image sensor further comprises the mechanism of a tool electronic shutter function, and it can provide whole array identical exposure moment; This camera lens module is arranged at this cmos image sensor the place ahead, and it further includes a mechanical shutter, and this mechanical shutter is arranged at before the camera lens module or is arranged between camera lens module and the cmos image sensor; This control device is used to control the mechanism and the mechanical shutter of this tool electronic shutter function, carrying out correct exposure according to above-mentioned exposal control method, and the picture signal output that is obtained is handled and store operation to carry out successive image; This shutter release button is connected with control device, is used to indicate this control device to open machinery and opens the door.
Realization by technique scheme, the present invention can easy means solve the image document inconsistent problem of exposure moment that has cmos image sensor now, can prevent simultaneously the generation of stain, obtain preferable image quality, and the present invention can also significantly promote the degree of freedom of design of Optical System, and simplify the lens design complexity, thereby reduce manufacturing cost.
Brief Description Of Drawings
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of image-pickup device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the exposure control timing figure of the image-pickup device of the present invention's first preferred embodiment.
Fig. 3 a and 3b control schematic flow sheet for the difference of image-pickup device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 controls schematic flow sheet for another of image-pickup device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic flow sheet of controlling according to the image-pickup device exposure control timing of the present invention's first preferred embodiment shown in Figure 2.
Fig. 6 is the exposure control timing figure of the image-pickup device of the present invention's second preferred embodiment.
Fig. 7 is the schematic flow sheet of controlling according to the image-pickup device exposure control timing of the present invention's second preferred embodiment shown in Figure 6.
Fig. 8 is the exposure control timing figure of the image-pickup device of the present invention's the 3rd preferred embodiment.
Fig. 9 is the schematic flow sheet of controlling according to the image-pickup device exposure control timing of the present invention's the 3rd preferred embodiment shown in Figure 8.
Figure 10 a-10d adopts different camera lens module and the mechanical shutter structural representations of arranging for disclosing image-pickup device of the present invention.
The image-pickup device exposure control timing figure that Figure 11 uses for disclosing existing ccd image sensor collocation mechanical shutter.
Figure 12 is for disclosing the image-pickup device exposure control timing figure of existing cmos image sensor electronics scrolling shutter.
Figure 13 is for disclosing the image-pickup device exposure control timing figure that another existing cmos image sensor collocation mechanical shutter uses.
1 camera lens module among the figure, 2CMOS imageing sensor, 3 processing units, 4 lens driving apparatus, 5 power switch devices, 6 display devices, 7 data apparatus for temporary storage, 8 image mediums, 9 other user interfaces, 11 mirror groups, 21 mechanical shutters, 22 apertures, 23 aperture driving circuits, 24 fast gate drive circuits.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, realized purpose and effect, below be elaborated especially exemplified by embodiment and conjunction with figs..
See also Fig. 1, image-pickup device of the present invention comprises camera lens module 1, cmos image sensor 2, processing unit 3, lens driving apparatus 4, power switch device 5, display device 6, data apparatus for temporary storage 7, image medium 8 and other user interface 9.This camera lens module 1 is located at this cmos image sensor 2 the place aheads, and it mainly comprises mirror group, aperture, mechanical shutter, focusing and zoom control gear etc. automatically, and can be moved along optical axis direction by a driving device controls.This cmos image sensor 2 has electronic shutter function, and can be used to produce picture signal, and it mainly comprises photodiode array (claiming picture element again), related clock circuit and analog-digital commutator etc.When image capture, receive in these cmos image sensor 2 photodiodes and the picture signal electric charge of accumulation will be transferred to the district that reads of this cmos image sensor 2, and setting such as the vertical electric charge transmission line through reading the district, store charge transmission line and horizontal charge transfer line read successively after corresponding conversion be that digital signal is exported to carry out subsequent treatment.In addition, this cmos image sensor 2 can be selected passive type picture element imageing sensor (Passive-Pixel Sensor) or active picture element imageing sensor (Active-Pixel Sensor) for use, but be preferably active picture element imageing sensor, to promote signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and image quality.This processing unit 3 has functions such as system's control, Flame Image Process, compression, decompression, demonstration and storage, and comprise one and be connected to this cmos image sensor 2 or directly be integrated in control device on this cmos image sensor 2, to realize synchronous operation,, the gained picture signal handles thereby being sent to this processing unit 3.This lens driving apparatus 4 comprises mechanical shutter, aperture, focusing and zoom drive control gear etc., and wherein this aperture drive controlling mechanism comprises an aperture driving circuit of adjustment that is used for the drive controlling stop opening; This mechanical shutter drive controlling mechanism further comprises fast gate drive circuit and a solenoid valve or a step motor, or combine with other mechanical transmission mechanism, by special circuit or digital signal processing unit 3 or both are in conjunction with controlling, in driving device shutter opening or close opportune moment, and, select to enter view state or prepare image picked-up state or view data reading state according to the system design and the operator scheme of image-pickup device.This power switch device 5 is used to start image-pickup device, in case processing unit 3 is obtained the enabling signal of power switch device 5, just enters the preparatory stage of image taking.This display device 6 is generally chromatic liquid crystal screen, and can have the TV Presentation Function, is mainly used in view or image replaying.When this data apparatus for temporary storage 7 is used for step such as temporary transient stores processor, compression and decompression and the coherent signal of delivering to the view data before the permanent storage.This image medium 8 is generally non-volatile mnemon, and can be designed to in-building type or drawing out type, is used for the control program of store images data and this image-pickup device.9 at other user interface is meant various buttons, button such as shutter release button, or other such as light emitting diode, signalling means or acoustical generator etc., wherein this shutter release button is connected with the control device of processing unit 3, operation by shutter release button can be sent instruction to this control device, thereby controls the keying of this mechanical shutter.
Adopt said structure, the exposure control of image-pickup device of the present invention mainly is to rely on mechanical shutter to cooperate the electronic shutter function of cmos image sensor 2 to realize that it roughly comprises following steps: open mechanical shutter before image taking; Send instruction by the pressure button of tripping to control device, provide a synchronous signal, remove the residual image signal charge to start first electronic shutter; Provide a mechanical shutter closing control signal, with the closing motion of control mechanical shutter; Finish first electronic shutter, expose so that begin; Begin to close prerequisite at mechanical shutter and supply a synchronous signal, finish exposure to start second electronic shutter; Treat that after mechanical shutter is closed fully the picture signal that obtains being transferred to cmos image sensor in regular turn reads the output of back, district.
In addition, image-pickup device of the present invention also can adopt another kind of exposal control method, and it mainly comprises following steps: press the button of tripping, open mechanical shutter; After removing the residue signal electric charge that accumulates in the cmos image sensor photodiode array, just begin to receive and the accumulative image signal charge; Close mechanical shutter after a while immediately; After treating that mechanical shutter is closed fully, read after the first figure field picture signal charge in the store charge transmission line is sent to horizontal charge transfer line, and convert the output of the first figure field picture digital signal to being temporary in; Subsequently the second figure field picture signal charge is sent from adjacent vertical electric charge transmission line, after the store charge transmission line is sent to horizontal charge transfer line, read, and convert the output of the second figure field picture digital signal to.
In addition, image-pickup device of the present invention adopts the automatic exposure mode usually, and presses the shutter release button post-exposure the user and promptly determined automatically.Shown in Fig. 3 a, S1 after power switch device 5 starts, just the system firmware of image-pickup device comes into operation, mechanical shutter S2 opens in mechanical shutter drive controlling mechanism, and waits for that the user presses the button S3 that trips; S4 after the user presses shutter release button, processing unit 3 will keep mechanical shutter to be opening and picked-up part sample image document, carry out automatic exposure calculation S5 and will determine time shutter S6 according to the scrolling Exposure mode then; Promptly begin to carry out image capture S7 subsequently; Treat image document read finish after, just begin to prepare picked-up next record image document S8.
Other sees also the flow process of controlling shown in Fig. 3 b, and they are slightly different with flow process shown in Fig. 3 a, but the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention is after understanding design of the present invention, and Ying Junke requires to expect easily and make similar change scheme according to practical operation.Shown in Fig. 3 b, for preventing cmos image sensor 2 because of the unfortunate impaired situation of excessive high light, S9 after power switch device 5 starts waits for that the user presses the button S10 that trips; S11 after the user presses shutter release button, mechanical shutter just open S12; Flow process subsequently is then identical with Fig. 3 a, promptly carries out automatic exposure calculation S13 and determines time shutter S14 according to the scrolling Exposure mode, just begins to carry out image capture S15 subsequently, and image document read finish after, prepare picked-up next record image document S16.
See also Fig. 4 again, a kind of flow process of controlling according to image-pickup device of the invention process of announcement is also arranged.As shown in Figure 4, S17 after power switch device 5 starts, mechanical shutter is opened S18, and carry out automatic exposure calculation S21 simultaneously and finish required time to strive for the automatic exposure calculation, and wait for that the user presses and trip button S19 after tripper is pressed S20, carry out automatic exposure operation S22 and definite time shutter S23 once more, begin to carry out image capture S24 subsequently, and image document read finish after, prepare picked-up next record image document S25.
As previously mentioned, the unlatching of mechanical shutter is by mechanical shutter drive controlling mechanism controls.If this mechanical shutter drive controlling mechanism is a bistable electromagnetic valve, when the energising of this solenoid valve and solenoid control signal condition during for " opening ", mechanical shutter is opened, light is by camera lens module 1 and make the photoreceiving surface of cmos image sensor 2, after the solenoid valve energising finishes, then can keep its existing opening.When the solenoid control signal condition was made as " pass " and give this solenoid valve energising, mechanical shutter was closed to intercept light, makes cmos image sensor 2 surfaces no longer be subjected to light, after the solenoid valve energising finishes, then can keep its existing closed condition.In the present embodiment, the inventor is made as the high levels signal to close mechanical shutter with the closed electromagnetic valve signal, and after solenoid valve accumulates enough energy, mechanical shutter will be closed, and after mechanical shutter is closed fully, again shutdown signal is transferred to the low level signal to finish this shutter close signal.Generally speaking, bistable electromagnetic valve accumulates enough energy required times and is approximately 3 to 50 milliseconds, and actual the use generally is about 15 milliseconds.
Exposure control timing and correspondence as the image-pickup device of Fig. 2 and the present invention shown in Figure 5 first preferred embodiment are controlled flow process, when carrying out image capture, cmos image sensor 2 produces high levels signal removal (RESET) signal S26 constantly at T0 earlier, continue to T2 moment side and transfer low level signal removal signal S28 to, T0 generally is about several microseconds to several milliseconds to T2, during this period, the picture element of cmos image sensor 2 all arrays all is eliminated, so the stored charge that drops on sensor because of light promptly is eliminated.After high levels residual image signal removal signal produces constantly T0 through one period suitable time delay, produce a high levels shutter close (SHUTTER CLOSE) signal S27 constantly at T1, continue to T7 and transfer the low level shutter close signal constantly to, this suitable T0 time delay is that calculated in advance or measurement get to T1.
The electronic shutter time shutter of this cmos image sensor 2 is set to T2 to T3, promptly from T2, finish in T3, and constantly (EXPOSURE FINISH) signal is finished in exposure at T3 and be made as high levels S29, constantly transfer exposure completion signal to low level S30 at T4 after a while.Generally, T2 is about several microseconds to tens of millisecond to T3, can reach the several seconds in case of necessity, and T3 only needs the number microsecond to T4, but can reach tens of microseconds during actual use.At T5 constantly,, promptly begin to close mechanical shutter S31, and constantly close S32 fully, postpone about 1 to 5 millisecond then, close fully, constantly transfer shutter close signal to low level S33 at T7 again to determine mechanical shutter in T6 because solenoid valve fully charges.Cmos image sensor 2 begins reading images data S34 constantly in T8, and this moment can be before or after the mechanical shutter shutdown signal transfers low level to, but must be after mechanical shutter is closed fully.After all processed unit 3 of all images data reads S35, can open mechanical shutter constantly again at T9, to prepare the picked-up of next record view data, simultaneously the view data of this exposure acquisition is carried out subsequent treatment and store operation S36.
If required electronic shutter time shutter of cmos image sensor 2 is shorter, because the solenoid valve charging is longer to close the mechanical shutter required time, so need adjustment residual image signal charge checkout time.See also Figure 6 and Figure 7, at first produce a high levels shutter close signal S37 constantly at T0, because the time T 0 to T5 of the enough energy of solenoid valve charging accumulation is to measure gained through in advance, therefore machine is that T1 produces a high levels residual image signal removal signal S38 constantly in due course, continues to T2 and transfers low level residual image signal removal signal S39 constantly again to.T1 generally is about several microseconds to T2, but can reach several milliseconds during actual the use.Treat that the residue signal electric charge just begins to carry out the electronic shutter exposure after removing, the subsequent control sequential is then identical with the exposure control timing that Fig. 2 is taken off, be that the electronic shutter exposure is from T2, end exposure during to T3, T3 is that exposure completion signal is in order to finish the electronic shutter exposure to T4, at T5 to T6 period mechanical shutter close thereafter, then after T7 produces the low level shutter close signal constantly, cmos image sensor 2 begins the reading images data constantly at T8, this moment can be before or after the mechanical shutter shutdown signal transfers low level to, but must be after mechanical shutter is closed fully.After all processed unit 3 of all images data reads, can open mechanical shutter constantly again at T9, to prepare the picked-up of next record view data, simultaneously the view data of this exposure acquisition is carried out subsequent treatment and store operation.
If the 2 required electron exposure times of cmos image sensor are longer,, therefore also need to adjust the time of removing the residual image signal charge because the solenoid valve charging is fixed to close the mechanical shutter required time.See also Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, at first produce a high levels residual image signal removal signal S48 constantly at T0, and transfer low level clear signal S49 constantly in T1, T0 generally is about several microseconds to T1, but can reach several milliseconds during actual the use.Owing to the enough energy time T2 of solenoid valve charging accumulation fix and get for measuring in advance to T5, thus need in due course machine be that T2 produces a high levels shutter close signal S50 constantly.Afterwards, as previously mentioned, treat that the residue signal electric charge just begins to carry out the electronic shutter exposure after removing, from T1, finish in T3, and T3 is made as high levels to the T4 period earlier with exposure completion signal and transfers low level again to finish the electronic shutter exposure, then close to T6 period mechanical shutter at T5, then after T7 produces the low level shutter close signal constantly, cmos image sensor 2 begins the reading images data constantly at T8, this moment can be before or after the mechanical shutter shutdown signal transfers low level to, but must be after mechanical shutter is closed fully.After all processed unit 3 of all images data reads, can open mechanical shutter constantly again at T9, to prepare the picked-up of next record view data.
In sum, the present invention utilizes mechanical shutter to realize the purpose of complete shading, and image document just begins to read after mechanical shutter is closed fully, so can prevent the generation of stain, obtains the image of better quality.And, the electronic shutter control function of cmos image sensor is depended in the exposure of image document, and mechanical shutter is the ability Close All behind the electronic shutter end exposure, therefore this image-pickup device is when design, need not too to consider the degree of accuracy and the closing velocity of mechanical shutter, thereby make the design of its camera lens module more flexible.For example, mechanical shutter can be arranged at before the camera lens module or be arranged between camera lens module and the cmos image sensor.In addition, this camera lens module also can comprise single aperture or several apertures.Therefore, when mechanical shutter is arranged at camera lens module the place ahead and this camera lens module when only comprising single aperture, this aperture can place before the mechanical shutter, perhaps places between mechanical shutter and the camera lens module, perhaps places in the camera lens module or places between camera lens module and the cmos image sensor.When mechanical shutter places between camera lens module and the cmos image sensor and this camera lens module when only comprising single aperture, this aperture must place before the camera lens module, perhaps place in the camera lens module, perhaps place between camera lens module and the mechanical shutter or place between mechanical shutter and the cmos image sensor.Shown in Figure 10 a to Figure 10 d, be above-mentioned wherein four kinds of image-pickup device embodiment that adopt different mechanical shutter deploying designs, wherein 11 represent the mirror group, 21 represent mechanical shutter, 22 represent aperture, and 23 represent aperture driving circuit and the fast gate drive circuit of 24 representatives.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of exposal control method of image-pickup device, rely on mechanical shutter to cooperate the electronic shutter function of cmos image sensor to realize, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: before the electronic shutter exposure beginning of cmos image sensor, finish the unlatching of mechanical shutter; Send the signal of removing the residual image signal, the electronic shutter that starts cmos image sensor exposes; Before the electronic shutter end exposure of cmos image sensor, start the out code of mechanical shutter; Behind the electronic shutter end exposure of cmos image sensor, mechanical shutter begins to close; After mechanical shutter is closed fully, begin to read in the image document that is absorbed between the electronic shutter exposure period of cmos image sensor.
2, the exposal control method of image-pickup device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the signal of described removing residual image signal is to send before the mechanical shutter out code starts.
3, the exposal control method of image-pickup device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the signal of described removing residual image signal is to send after the mechanical shutter out code starts.
4, the exposal control method of image-pickup device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the signal of described removing residual image signal is to finish before the mechanical shutter out code starts.
5, the exposal control method of image-pickup device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: time that described mechanical shutter is closed fully and beginning reads between time of the image document that is absorbed between the electronic shutter exposure period of cmos image sensor and has a time delay.
6, the exposal control method of image-pickup device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described time that begins to read in the image document that is absorbed between the electronic shutter exposure period of cmos image sensor is after the mechanical shutter shutdown signal transfers low level to.
7, the exposal control method of image-pickup device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described time that begins to read in the image document that is absorbed between the electronic shutter exposure period of cmos image sensor is before the mechanical shutter shutdown signal transfers low level to.
8, a kind of image-pickup device, it comprises a cmos image sensor, one camera lens module and a shutter release button, wherein said cmos image sensor further comprises a mechanism that the tool electronic shutter function of whole array identical exposure moment can be provided, described camera lens module further includes a mechanical shutter, and be arranged at described cmos image sensor the place ahead, it is characterized in that: this image-pickup device also comprises a control device that is connected with described shutter release button, to control the mechanism of described mechanical shutter and tool electronic shutter function simultaneously, carry out correct exposure according to the described exposal control method of claim 1.
9, image-pickup device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described mechanical shutter is arranged at before the camera lens module.
10, image-pickup device as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that: described mechanical shutter is arranged between described camera lens module and the described cmos image sensor.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031540724A CN100334499C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-08-13 | Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN02156102.8 | 2002-12-03 | ||
| CN02156102 | 2002-12-03 | ||
| CNB031540724A CN100334499C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-08-13 | Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1504824A CN1504824A (en) | 2004-06-16 |
| CN100334499C true CN100334499C (en) | 2007-08-29 |
Family
ID=34276109
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031540724A Expired - Fee Related CN100334499C (en) | 2002-12-03 | 2003-08-13 | Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100334499C (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8720785B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2014-05-13 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US8720784B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2014-05-13 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Digital picture taking optical reader having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US8720781B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2014-05-13 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader having image sensor array |
| US8978985B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2015-03-17 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5163935B2 (en) * | 2007-05-17 | 2013-03-13 | ソニー株式会社 | Image sensor |
| JP5520214B2 (en) * | 2008-05-16 | 2014-06-11 | パナソニック株式会社 | Camera system |
| JP4692586B2 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2011-06-01 | ソニー株式会社 | Imaging apparatus and imaging method |
| KR100966969B1 (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2010-06-30 | 삼성전기주식회사 | Method of controlling mechanical shutter |
| CN103439847B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2016-04-20 | 北京国科虹谱光电技术有限公司 | A kind of bistable state mechanical shutter driving circuit of low-power consumption |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5517243A (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1996-05-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image sensing apparatus with control of charge storage time |
| JP2000032346A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-28 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Image pickup device |
| CN1310547A (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-29 | 阿苏拉布股份有限公司 | Method for operating CMOS image sensor |
| CN1311533A (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-09-05 | 株式会社东芝 | Solid camera head |
-
2003
- 2003-08-13 CN CNB031540724A patent/CN100334499C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5517243A (en) * | 1990-10-04 | 1996-05-14 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image sensing apparatus with control of charge storage time |
| JP2000032346A (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2000-01-28 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Image pickup device |
| CN1311533A (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-09-05 | 株式会社东芝 | Solid camera head |
| CN1310547A (en) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-29 | 阿苏拉布股份有限公司 | Method for operating CMOS image sensor |
Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10958863B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2021-03-23 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US10735684B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2020-08-04 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US10171767B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2019-01-01 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US8978985B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2015-03-17 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US11323649B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2022-05-03 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US11323650B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2022-05-03 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US9305199B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2016-04-05 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader having image sensor array |
| US11317050B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2022-04-26 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US10721429B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2020-07-21 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US9465970B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2016-10-11 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US9576169B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2017-02-21 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader having image sensor array |
| US9578269B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2017-02-21 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US8720781B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2014-05-13 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader having image sensor array |
| US11863897B2 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2024-01-02 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Image reader comprising CMOS based image sensor array |
| US9438867B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2016-09-06 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Digital picture taking optical reader having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US9454686B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2016-09-27 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US8720784B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2014-05-13 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Digital picture taking optical reader having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US10949634B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2021-03-16 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US8720785B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2014-05-13 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US11238251B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2022-02-01 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US11238252B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2022-02-01 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US10691907B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2020-06-23 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US9092654B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2015-07-28 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Digital picture taking optical reader having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US9058527B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2015-06-16 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US11604933B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2023-03-14 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US11625550B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2023-04-11 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
| US10002272B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2018-06-19 | Hand Held Products, Inc. | Apparatus having hybrid monochrome and color image sensor array |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1504824A (en) | 2004-06-16 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100574384C (en) | Camera head and image capture method | |
| CN101981918B (en) | Driving method for solid-state imaging apparatus, and imaging system | |
| CN101521750B (en) | Image capturing apparatus and image capturing apparatus control method | |
| US20040212723A1 (en) | Image pickup apparatus and operating method | |
| JPH1141523A (en) | Image pickup device | |
| CN100334499C (en) | Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method thereof | |
| US20050128324A1 (en) | Image sensing apparatus and method of controlling same | |
| JPH10191170A (en) | Image pickup device | |
| US5339162A (en) | Driving apparatus of image pick-up device for preventing leakage of accumulated electrical charges | |
| JPH09247556A (en) | Image pickup device provided with solid-state image pickup part | |
| JPH02101878A (en) | Solid-state image pickup device | |
| US20030136980A1 (en) | Image pickup apparatus and exposure control method therefor | |
| US8111313B2 (en) | Image sensor driving unit and imaging apparatus | |
| EP0898839B1 (en) | Synchronously gated high speed ccd imager system | |
| JPH0744663B2 (en) | Solid-state imaging device | |
| JPH10136251A (en) | Image pickup device | |
| JPH0898093A (en) | Timing generation circuit, solid-state image pickup device using the circuit, video camera equipped with the device and driving method for solid-state image pickup element | |
| TWI224466B (en) | Image pickup apparatus and operating method therefor | |
| JP2001268449A (en) | Image pickup device | |
| EP0238111B1 (en) | Camera for recording television, photographic or cinematographic images, including an automatic focus-setting device | |
| JP2658062B2 (en) | Still video camera imaging method | |
| JPS63101811A (en) | Automatic focusing device for electronic camera | |
| JPH04360478A (en) | Solid-state image pickup element | |
| JP2647549B2 (en) | Imaging device and solid-state imaging device driving device | |
| JP2713194B2 (en) | CCD TV camera with external trigger function |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |