CN100427979C - Laser power integrated device and its implement method - Google Patents
Laser power integrated device and its implement method Download PDFInfo
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- CN100427979C CN100427979C CNB2007100000317A CN200710000031A CN100427979C CN 100427979 C CN100427979 C CN 100427979C CN B2007100000317 A CNB2007100000317 A CN B2007100000317A CN 200710000031 A CN200710000031 A CN 200710000031A CN 100427979 C CN100427979 C CN 100427979C
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Abstract
The laser power integrator applies optical fiber laser and amplifier comprises two parts, one made of fiber beams with certain diameter, the other made of dual wrapping layer specific structure optical fiber, with one end evenly stretching coning to an integral with certain diameter tightly through heating. Treated one end of the optical beam and said dual wrapping layer optical fiber's one end fused together. The stretch coning zone needs to be controlled to proper length. In the stretching process, optical fiber needs to bear certain force of strain. The other structure it relates having the dual wrapping optical fiber surrounding evenly attached with multi mold optical beam through stretch coning, several beams of pumping light transmitted to the dual wrapping optical fiber through multi mold optical fibers.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of laser power integrator, particularly be applied to structure and its implementation of the multiplex laser power integrator of fiber laser and amplifier or laser.
Background technology
Fiber laser is one of focus of paying close attention to of laser field people in recent years, particularly be applied to the optical fiber communication window 1.55 mum wavelengths fiber laser and be applied to the military and the development of the 1.08um wavelength high-capacity optical fiber laser of industrial processes more swift and violent.
Current, industry grows to even greater heights to the development and the application enthusiasm of fiber-to-the-home front yard (FTTH) technology both at home and abroad, FTTH is the dream of the continuous pursuit of people over 20 years and the technique direction of exploration, but because the obstacle of aspects such as cost, technology, demand does not also obtain large-scale promotion and development so far.But the FTTH net wants to contend with the DSL of present widespread adoption, and its Costco Wholesale is very crucial.Exploitation super large laser power coupling assembly and supporting high-power fiber amplifier descend than adopting the common multistage amplification cost of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) in market to have significantly at FTTH entire system cost.The technical scheme that the super high power fiber amplifier is commonly used is to adopt the double clad erbium-ytterbium co-doped fiber to add laser power coupling assembly and doubly clad optical fiber grating at present.
The optical fiber directional coupler of using as the optical communication fiber passive device both at home and abroad is mainly used in the light shunt or closes path connector at present, adopt comparatively ripe pyrometric cone method to produce, its technology is comparatively simple, and fabrication cycle is short, is suitable for realizing micro-processor controlled semi-automatic production.But this single-mode fiber directional coupler that is used for communicating by letter is that the light signal that Jiang Yilu and one road above input optical signal require to be assigned to two-way or multichannel output by a certain percentage goes.Its principle determines it can only carry out input signal light power is distributed, and therefore the signal light power of output must be less than the luminous power of input peak signal, thereby can't be used to realize the expansion of luminous power.In doubly clad optical fiber profile pump coupling technique, the covering removal of multimode pumping optical fiber need be exposed fibre core in the tapered zone coupled section, the surrounding layer of doubly clad optical fiber also will be removed and expose inner cladding simultaneously, and will enable to merge.Therefore, the manufacture craft and the single-mode optical-fibre coupler of this double clad pyrometric cone side power integrator have a great difference.If the size of doubly clad optical fiber becomes big (for example diameter is 400 and 650 microns) then bigger variation will take place its technology.Draw the awl back will mate with doubly clad optical fiber, thereby guarantee lower loss in the cross section in awl district.The making apparatus of this power integrator is compared also and will be improved with the making apparatus of conventional single-mode optical-fibre coupler.
Chinese patent 1 * N plastic optical fibre coupler (application number 200510025264.3, Shanghai University) relates to a kind of 1 * N plastic optical fibre coupler.It comprises main plastic optical fiber and N branch's plastic optical fiber, and N is the natural number greater than 2, and main plastic optical fiber is connected with N branch's plastic optical fiber by an infundibulate wave guide member.This plastic optical fibre coupler splitting ratio is even, and it is low, simple in structure to insert loss, and preparation cost is low, is fit to do channel-splitting filter or wave multiplexer in the plastic optical fiber network.The patented product all not as good as the quartz substrate material, has certain limitation to high-capacity optical fiber laser and amplifier application owing to adopt plastic matrix on loss and thermotolerance.
What the basic patent US5864644 that Lucent was authorized in 1999 related to is cladding pumping coupled apparatus melting cone fiber bundle, thinks that reducing device loss mainly draws the awl process by the control pyrometric cone.The relevant patent of upgrading is patent US 2005/0031266 A1 of the relevant company of the U.S., and what relate to is mould multiplexed optical coupled apparatus.But be not easy to the effective control in preparation technology, be unfavorable for realizing high-transmission efficient and low insertion loss.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of laser power integrator and its implementation, and this laser power integrator has high transfer efficiency, can be applicable to collect as the multichannel pump power in the fiber laser and amplifier of all optical fibre structure.Also can be used for optical maser wavelength in all kinds of laser instrument laser output shunt of 400nm to 2000nm.
The present invention relates generally to a kind of laser power integrator, be used for the transmission of laser optical power, described laser power integrator is a kind of all optical fibre structure, form by two parts: fibre bundle 1, optical fiber by some certain diameters is formed, wherein one in the centre, and other several even solid matters are distributed in around it; Doubly clad optical fiber 2; Wherein fibre bundle 1 one ends evenly draw the integral body of combining closely of boring into certain diameter by type of heating, and and an end of described doubly clad optical fiber 2 be welded together, the bare fibre position of weld applies with low-refraction coating.
The invention still further relates to another kind of laser power integrator, be used for the transmission of laser optical power, wherein the fibre bundle 1 be made up of some optical fiber of this laser integrator constitutes, the optical fiber in fibre bundle center is doubly clad optical fiber, even on every side solid matter distribution multimode optical fiber, after fibre bundle 1 draws and bores certain diameter, form the structure that closely merges and have awl to distinguish in the middle of the fibre bundle, melt away the multimode optical fiber that the diameter stable region of drawing awl and this fibre bundle that is connected with this diameter stable region do not draw the intersection of wimble fraction by laser instrument, keep the doubly clad optical fiber in fibre bundle centre.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method that realizes above-mentioned two kinds of laser power integrators, wherein draw the awl machine to draw awl that fibre bundle 1 is drawn awl by major diameter, the described awl process of drawing can be softened fibre bundle by the type of heating of inflammable gas flame, electrode discharge, plasma or laser instrument
Beneficial effect of the present invention has:
1. the laser power integrator that provides the fiber laser that is applied to all optical fibre structure and amplifier to use;
2. the structure of laser power integrator helps making pump light mode stable in integrator, and bottom line reduces the cladding mode loss, realizes high transfer efficiency and low insertion loss;
3. the easy relatively method that realizes that the laser power integrator is made is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is according to 7 * 1 laser power integrator structural representations of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is according to (6+1) * 1 of the present invention laser power integrator structural representation;
Fig. 3 is according to another laser power integrator structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is according to all optical fibre structure pulsed laser of the present invention or amplifier architecture synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is applied to all optical fibre structure pulsed laser or amplifier synoptic diagram for laser power integrator according to the present invention.
Embodiment
At first describe ultimate principle of the present invention in detail:
The full fiber type laser instrument adopts the wide luminous zone of the wall scroll of lower powered long-life low price multimode pump laser to substitute high power multimode pump laser, reduces active area optical power density, current density and active area working temperature to reducing the crash rate significance.Advance in the active doubly clad optical fiber a plurality of lower powered pump lasers are integrated by the laser power integrator, substitute the bulk optics eyeglass with the doubly clad optical fiber grating and between active doubly clad optical fiber, constitute optical resonator.Another adopts main oscillations to amplify mode (MOPA), and promptly fiber amplifier amplification principle commonly used can strictly carry out original shape with seed source light and amplify, and does not but change optical maser wavelength, repetition frequency, pulsewidth and pulse waveform.General pulsed laser adopts the MOPA mode, both can obtain good laser characteristics, can improve the brightness of output laser again greatly.Concerning high-capacity optical fiber laser, more than two kinds of technology all must adopt a plurality of high power LD single tubes to replace the LD integrated arrays to make pumping source, help improving the output mode of light source, the heat radiation that is easy to pumping source improves the life-span and is convenient to maintain and replace, all can be applied to laser power integrator of the present invention.
The technology of laser power integrator most critical is how to improve the transfer efficiency of laser power, at first satisfies following relation:
D′·NA
out≤∑D
i·NA
in
∑D
i≈N
1/2·D
i
In the formula, D is the output optical fibre diameter of power integrator, NA
OutBe the numerical aperture of output optical fibre, D
iBe input optical fibre diameter, NA
InBe the input optical fibre numerical aperture, N is the number of optical fiber in the fibre bundle.Draw the awl process effectively to control, making draws the awl process to be heated evenly, avoid occurring the uneven texture fluctuation, it is the important means that improves laser power integrator transfer efficiency, the present invention adopts and to draw fibre bundle rotation in the awl process, and the optical fiber in the fibre bundle to bear certain force of strain all be for this purpose.
Fibre bundle draws awl to divide into vary in diameter district and diameter stable region.The vary in diameter district is too short, can cause the pump light mold leakage, causes and inserts the loss increase, and cause the minimizing in serviceable life of laser power integrator, so need to guarantee the vary in diameter district of appropriate length, reduces modal loss to minimum as far as possible.Select suitable diameter stable region, help further keeping the pump light mode stable, and make the splice loss, splice attenuation of fibre bundle and output optical fibre reduce.
In order to illustrate in greater detail the present invention, will on the basis of accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the invention be described below.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail, wherein the Digital ID of accompanying drawing is unified in institute's drawings attached.
Be first embodiment of laser power integrator of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawing 1, be power integrator structural representation.Fibre bundle 1 is made up of 7 multimode stepped-index optical fibers 01, and middle one, evenly distribute on every side 6,4A is 7 root multimode fiber beam profiles in the accompanying drawing 4.The core diameter of multimode optical fiber is 105um, cladding diameter is 125um, after fibre bundle is drawn awl, not doping with rare-earth ions doubly clad optical fiber 2 (the following not doping double-cladding optical fiber that all is called for short) welding, the core diameter of doping double-cladding optical fiber is not 10um, the inner cladding diameter is 200um, and the inner cladding numerical aperture is 0.46.
Fibre bundle draws wimble fraction evenly to draw the integral body of combining closely of boring into the 200um diameter by the flame heat mode.The length in vary in diameter district 11 approximately is controlled at 5mm in the 10mm scope, diameter stable region 12 length approximately are controlled at 2mm in the 5mm scope, block and do the end face processing in diameter stable region 12 appropriate length, by optical fiber splicer, with itself and above-mentioned specification not doping double-cladding optical fiber be welded together.Fibre bundle and not doping double-cladding optical fiber welding point 3 usefulness refractive indexes be that 1.37 optical fiber coatings applies, guarantee that pump light is limited in the optical fiber inner cladding.
Draw fibre bundle rotation in the awl process, be heated evenly to guarantee fibre bundle.Draw before the awl or draw that fibre bundle reverses in the awl process, combine closely to guarantee fibre bundle.Simultaneously the optical fiber in the fibre bundle need bear certain force of strain and controls fibre bundle and draw awl back diameter, and optical fiber avoids instability to draw awl to cause the added losses of integrator in drawing the awl process.
The transfer efficiency of the laser power integrator that the foregoing description obtains reaches more than 95%.
Be second embodiment of laser power integrator of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawing 2,4B is embodiment two fibre bundle sectional views in the accompanying drawing 4.Fibre bundle 1 is made up of 7 optical fiber, and middle one is single-mode fiber 010,6 multimode stepped-index optical fibers 01 that evenly distribute on every side, and multimode optical fiber is used to transmit pump light, and single-mode fiber is used to transmit seed light.Wherein the core diameter of multimode optical fiber is 105um, cladding diameter is 125um, the core diameter of single-mode fiber is 9um, cladding diameter is 125um, fibre bundle is drawn behind the awl and not doping double-cladding optical fiber welding, and the core diameter of doping double-cladding optical fiber is not 10um, the inner cladding diameter is 200um, and the inner cladding numerical aperture is 0.46.
Fibre bundle draws wimble fraction evenly to draw the integral body of combining closely of boring into the 200um diameter by the flame heat mode.The length in vary in diameter district 11 approximately is controlled at 5mm in the 10mm scope, diameter stable region 12 length approximately are controlled at 2mm in the 5mm scope, block and do the end face processing in diameter stable region 12 appropriate length, by optical fiber splicer, with itself and above-mentioned specification not doping double-cladding optical fiber be welded together.Fibre bundle and not doping double-cladding optical fiber welding point be that 1.37 optical fiber coatings applies with refractive index, guarantee that pump light is limited in the optical fiber inner cladding.
Draw fibre bundle rotation in the awl process, be heated evenly to guarantee fibre bundle.Draw before the awl or draw that fibre bundle reverses in the awl process, combine closely to guarantee fibre bundle.Simultaneously the optical fiber in the fibre bundle need bear certain force of strain and controls fibre bundle and draw awl back diameter, and optical fiber avoids instability to draw awl to cause the added losses of integrator in drawing the awl process.
The transfer efficiency of the laser power integrator pump light that the foregoing description obtains reaches more than 95%.The transfer efficiency of seed light reaches more than 85%.
Accompanying drawing 3 is depicted as the 3rd embodiment of laser power integrator of the present invention, the method that adopts is attached to the doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding with multimode optical fiber, pump light passes through multimode optical fiber coupled into double-clad fiber from the side, realize that the laser power integrator does not have slot coupling, omit the influence of fused fiber splice loss, can greatly improve output power.4C in the accompanying drawing 4 is embodiment three fibre bundle diagrammatic cross-sections, and in the present embodiment, fibre bundle is made up of 9 optical fiber, and middle one is doping double-cladding optical fiber 2 not, 8 multimode stepped-index optical fibers 01 that evenly distribute on every side, and multimode optical fiber is used to transmit pump light.Wherein the core diameter of multimode optical fiber is 105um, and cladding diameter is 125um, and the core diameter of doping double-cladding optical fiber is not 10um, and the inner cladding diameter is 200um, and the inner cladding numerical aperture is 0.46.After fibre bundle was drawn awl, drawing the diameter stable region diameter of awl was 300um, drew the diameter stable region length of awl to be controlled at the position of about 20mm.Aim at the end of the diameter stable region of drawing awl and the intersection that this coupled fibre bundle does not draw wimble fraction with accurate single mode high power laser, melt carefully and remove multimode optical fiber, merge fully in multimode optical fiber fusing place and doubly clad optical fiber, multimode optical fiber beyond this fibre bundle intersection keeps, and the optical fiber of formation as shown in Figure 3.
Drawing the position, tapering is that 1.37 optical fiber coatings applies with refractive index, guarantees that pump light is limited in the optical fiber inner cladding.
Draw fibre bundle rotation in the awl process, be heated evenly to guarantee fibre bundle.Draw before the awl or draw that fibre bundle reverses in the awl process, combine closely to guarantee fibre bundle.Simultaneously the optical fiber in the fibre bundle need bear certain force of strain and controls fibre bundle and draw awl back diameter, and optical fiber avoids instability to draw awl to cause the added losses of integrator in drawing the awl process.
The transfer efficiency of the laser power integrator pump light that the foregoing description obtains reaches more than 93%.
In these three embodiment, doping double-cladding optical fiber can not replace with and mix the rare earth doubly clad optical fiber.
In the foregoing description, the covering of multimode optical fiber and sandwich layer are quartzy material or plastic material; The sandwich layer of mixing the rare earth doubly clad optical fiber is lanthanide metal ions such as erbium doped, ytterbium, thulium, neodymium, praseodymium; The covering of doping double-cladding optical fiber and sandwich layer are not quartzy material or plastic material.Fibre bundle draws the awl machine to draw awl to draw awl by major diameter, draws the awl process to soften fibre bundle by type of heating such as inflammable gas flame, electrode discharge, plasma or laser instruments.
Accompanying drawing 5 also can be applicable in jointed fiber laser instrument and the fiber amplifier for the laser power integrator of making according to the present invention is applied to synoptic diagram in the pulse optical fiber.
Though in conjunction with think the most practical at present and illustrated embodiments invention has been described, but the invention is not restricted to the disclosed embodiments, also comprised amplification implication and variation that the claims spirit and scope are included.
Claims (6)
1, a kind of laser power integrator is used for the transmission of laser optical power, and described laser power integrator is a kind of all optical fibre structure, is made up of two parts:
Fibre bundle (1) is made up of the optical fiber of some certain diameters, and wherein one in the centre, and other several even solid matters are distributed in around it;
Doubly clad optical fiber (2);
Fibre bundle (1) one end evenly draws the integral body of combining closely of boring into certain diameter by type of heating, and and an end of described doubly clad optical fiber (2) be welded together, the bare fibre position of weld applies with low-refraction coating;
The optical fiber in centre in the described fibre bundle (1) is multimode optical fiber or single-mode fiber, and described doubly clad optical fiber (2) is a doping double-cladding optical fiber or mix the rare earth doubly clad optical fiber not;
It is characterized in that the optical fiber gap, awl district of drawing of described fibre bundle (1) is the class triangle, the length of vary in diameter district (11) is not less than 10 times of fibre bundle maximum inscribed circle diameter, and diameter stable region (12) length is not less than 5 times of fibre bundle maximum inscribed circle diameter.
2, a kind of laser power integrator, be used for the transmission of laser optical power, wherein the fibre bundle (1) be made up of some optical fiber of this laser integrator constitutes, the optical fiber in fibre bundle center is doubly clad optical fiber, even on every side solid matter distribution multimode optical fiber, after fibre bundle (1) draws and bores certain diameter, form the structure that closely merges and have awl to distinguish in the middle of the fibre bundle, melt away the multimode optical fiber that terminal and this coupled fibre bundle in the diameter stable region of drawing awl does not draw the intersection of wimble fraction, the doubly clad optical fiber in reservation fibre bundle centre by laser instrument;
Described doubly clad optical fiber is a doping double-cladding optical fiber or mix the rare earth doubly clad optical fiber not.
3, laser power integrator as claimed in claim 2, the intersection of wherein said fusing does not need the optical fiber splicer welding, draws the awl district to be wrapped in the low-refraction coating.
4, laser power integrator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, the covering of wherein said multimode optical fiber and sandwich layer are quartzy material or plastic material; The sandwich layer of mixing the rare earth doubly clad optical fiber is the lanthanide metal ion of erbium doped, ytterbium, thulium, neodymium, praseodymium; The covering of doping double-cladding optical fiber and sandwich layer are not quartzy material or plastic material.
5, a kind of method that realizes laser power integrator as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein draw the awl machine to draw awl that fibre bundle (1) is drawn awl by major diameter, the described awl process of drawing can be softened fibre bundle by the type of heating of inflammable gas flame, electrode discharge, plasma or laser instrument;
Wherein also be included in the described spin fiber bundle (1) in the awl process that draws, be heated evenly to guarantee fibre bundle, and the optical fiber in the fibre bundle (1) need bear certain force of strain, required tension force is greater than 1N.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 wherein also comprises drawing before the awl and drawing all needing twisted fiber bundle (1) in the awl process, combines closely to guarantee fibre bundle.
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| CNB2007100000317A CN100427979C (en) | 2007-01-05 | 2007-01-05 | Laser power integrated device and its implement method |
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| US5864644A (en) * | 1997-07-21 | 1999-01-26 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Tapered fiber bundles for coupling light into and out of cladding-pumped fiber devices |
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