CN100439093C - Pre-processed workpiece having a surface deposition of absorber dye rendering the workpiece weld-enabled - Google Patents

Pre-processed workpiece having a surface deposition of absorber dye rendering the workpiece weld-enabled Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100439093C
CN100439093C CNB038022605A CN03802260A CN100439093C CN 100439093 C CN100439093 C CN 100439093C CN B038022605 A CNB038022605 A CN B038022605A CN 03802260 A CN03802260 A CN 03802260A CN 100439093 C CN100439093 C CN 100439093C
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China
Prior art keywords
welding
reflecting surface
polymer
workpiece
work pieces
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB038022605A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1652928A (en
Inventor
S·M·哈特利
R·A·萨拉范蒂
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Gentex Corp
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Gentex Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1677—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier
    • B29C65/168—Laser beams making use of an absorber or impact modifier placed at the interface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4342—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/43421—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/04—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the partial melting of at least one layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1609—Visible light radiation, e.g. by visible light lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1603—Laser beams characterised by the type of electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C65/1612—Infrared [IR] radiation, e.g. by infrared lasers
    • B29C65/1616—Near infrared radiation [NIR], e.g. by YAG lasers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1635—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface at least passing through one of the parts to be joined, i.e. laser transmission welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1654—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface scanning at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/16—Laser beams
    • B29C65/1629—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1674—Laser beams characterised by the way of heating the interface making use of laser diodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/026—Chemical pre-treatments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/301—Three-dimensional joints, i.e. the joined area being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/273—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified weight per unit area [e.g., gms/sq cm, lbs/sq ft, etc.] of coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31551—Of polyamidoester [polyurethane, polyisocyanate, polycarbamate, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31786—Of polyester [e.g., alkyd, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31931—Polyene monomer-containing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31935—Ester, halide or nitrile of addition polymer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31855—Of addition polymer from unsaturated monomers
    • Y10T428/31938—Polymer of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

A weldable workpiece (16) prepared by depositing on a surface of the workpiece, an absorber dye (20) possessing strong absorption and a high extinction coefficient. The dye is deposited at a uniform density and thereby has the capacity to convert inbound radiant energy over about 0.1 J per square millimeter into thermal energy via vibronic relaxation and exothermic decomposition. In optical applications, the workpiece forms welds of high photopic and optical transmission. A method for preprocessing the workpiece describes steps for selecting polymers, dyes and vehicles.

Description

Pre-treated workpiece with the surface deposits that makes the welding absorber dye of workpiece
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pre-treated workpiece with surface deposits of absorber dye, this absorber dye is used for having a definite purpose that following welding process consumes.More particularly, the present invention relates to design and make machinery and the chemical characteristic that is used at the workpiece of the good energy conversion efficiency of radiative process.
Background technology
For example from United States Patent (USP) 5893959, know by penetrating the conduction laser weld and engage plastic components.Use pigment improves the absorbent properties along welding region in the United States Patent (USP) 5893959.But because disclosed pigment remains after welding process, they have influenced the outward appearance of contact with being out of favour.This patent is by before engaging and afterwards pigment is added the aesthetic property that compensates reduction in the integral body of lower substrate.Last matrix is described to have the pigment concentration less than 1%, and it can provide the conductivity greater than 60% under welding optical maser wavelength.Lower substrate receives the pigment concentration of 1-2%, produces insignificant conductivity.
But the scope that therefore can need to limit the design standard of welding work pieces and make characteristic, it can: provide minimum obstruction at contact, can further have at contact visual, or even the transparency of optics; Only selectively absorbent is deposited on the welding region, thereby eliminates the obstruction that in whole residue, causes by absorbent; Add dyestuff by this way, make them resolve into inertia, soluble invisible byproduct; Use the absorber dye of the conductivity of main influence under the welding wavelength; Use in number the wavelength of opening with the welding wavelength interval to influence the absorber dye of conductivity minimum down; Use influences the absorber dye of conductivity minimum in visible spectrum; In certain embodiments, in visible spectrum, conductivity do not influenced even useful influence arranged.
The name of Russek be called Laser Beam Welding of Polymers with HighPower Diode Lasers:Joining Innovation for Micro and MacroTechnologies (LASER BEAM WELDING of the polymer that carries out with the high energy diode laser: the combination of microcosmic and macroscopical technological innovation " paper in will use the relationship description between the application of carbon ink pigment and absorber dye to be the function of heat input.This paper proposed the to design a model three-dimensional that solves welding process intermediate gap bridge joint problem, three-dimensional heat power technology.A remarkable shortcoming of this mode is that as shown in Figure 6, weld seam must be complete and cross-sectioned obtains energy density distribution.Russek is the dye density on single workpiece not, does not also advise the per unit area energy range corresponding to the intrinsic capacity of surface dye deposition.International application no is that the openly PCT application of PCT/GB99/03241 discloses a kind of technology, is used to weld the welding assembly that clips the infrared absorbing agents dyestuff therebetween.
Summary of the invention
Therefore need to determine the basic demand of preparation polymer workpieces, thereby can it be welded on another free alternative pack neatly.
Therefore an object of the present invention is to propose the minimum mechanical and the chemical requirement of this polymer workpieces.
Another object of the present invention is to propose the optics transport properties of this workpiece under ideal conditions.
Another purpose of the present invention is the method that proposes to form the electromagnetic radiation energy director on workpiece.
According to the present invention, these and other relevant purpose realizes that by its first embodiment it relates to machinery and the chemical requirement that is used for workpiece.
But a kind of welding work pieces, it has at least one first reflecting surface of being made by first polymer, described first polymer softens when heating (or back) and is suitable for being fused on the cooperation workpiece of being made by a kind of material with second reflecting surface, described material is softening when heating (or back) also can freely be selected from second polymer, described second polymer and described first polymer are same or similar, or be easy at least and the local different polymer that mix mutually of described first reflecting surface of described first polymer, wherein said first polymer and described second polymer that can freely select have overlapping fusion temperature scope, but described welding work pieces comprises (a) but described welding work pieces has first part in bulk, and described first part in bulk is crossed in described first reflecting surface extension; (b) absorber dye, described absorber dye have stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of radiant energy source than in the zone except described welding wavelength; Described absorber dye is deposited on described first reflecting surface or the top, thereby limits welding region by means of carrier, and described carrier has necessary viscosity, and can avoid with described welding region unsuitable interference or obstruction taking place; Wherein, described deposit comprises the every square millimeter about 5 roughly uniform density to about 3000 nanogram dyestuffs, providing predictable and heating self-consistentency, thereby but described welding work pieces can be welded; And (c) described welding region has such capacity, can be by means of in that described absorber dye exothermic decomposition becomes the electronic vibration that follows closely after the invisible byproduct of inertia loose and will the internal radiation power conversion of about 0.1 Jiao/square millimeter become heat energy under described welding wavelength with at least a portion, wherein, described cooperation workpiece has second part in bulk, described second part in bulk is crossed in described second reflecting surface extension, and described emittance is suitable for but described first reflecting surface of described welding work pieces is welded on described second reflecting surface of described cooperation workpiece, strengthen the zone to form conduction, described conduction strengthens the zone and has two parts in bulk optically fused together; Described first reflecting surface that wherein said absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first polymer are made all can mix mutually.
In other respects, but described welding work pieces make by first thermoplastic polymer.Described carrier comprises film.Described carrier comprises thermoplastic material.Described film comprises thermoplastic material.Described absorber dye is to select from comprise following group: visible absorption dyestuff, hear-infrared absorption dye, infrared absorbing dye and their composition.Described carrier comprises the liquid flux that dissolves described absorber dye.Described carrier is discharged into the enough little degree of depth with the described absorber dye of a part below described first reflecting surface, foams in welding process avoiding.Described absorber dye is with every milliliters of liquid solvent about 1 * 10 -2To about 1 * 10 -4The concentration of gram exists, thereby discharges the described first reflecting surface settled density.Described absorber dye has stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of selecting from comprise following group: visible spectrum welding wavelength, NIR welds wavelength, IR welding wavelength and their combination.Described conduction strengthens the regional photoconductivity that presents greater than the conductivity of only passing through two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces in limit of visible spectrum.It is approximately big by 10% than the conductivity of only passing through two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces that described conduction strengthens the photoconductivity that presents under the wavelength through selecting of zone in limit of visible spectrum.It is approximately big 1.1 times than the conductivity of only passing through two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces that described conduction strengthens the photoconductivity that presents under the wavelength through selecting of zone in limit of visible spectrum.Described conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity and resemble conductivity greater than the light by two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces only.Described conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity approximately to resemble conductivity than the light by two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces only big by 10%.Described conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity approximately to resemble conductivity than the light by two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces only big 1.1 times.Combination comprises the digital approximation of the Hansen solubility parameter of described absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first reflecting surface mutually.The Hansen solubility factor of described digital approximation can make described conduction strengthen the obstruction minimum of the light conduction in the zone.
Above-mentioned workpiece and any film can be made by the thermoplastic polymer.If carrier is a liquid flux, it must dissolve absorber dye so that uniform superficial density to be provided.If liquid-carrier discharges absorber dye in surface underneath, it should arrive the enough little degree of depth, foams in welding process avoiding.In liquid flux, absorber dye is present in about 1 * 10 -2To about 1-10 -4Restrain in every milliliter the concentration, thus in the described surface deposits density range in solvent evaporation back released dye.
According to the present invention, these and other relevant purpose realizes that by its second embodiment it relates to the optical characteristics of workpiece.
A kind of conduction strengthens preparation (or prescription), and said preparation is arranged at first reflecting surface of first emittance conduction workpiece with first part in bulk and has between second reflecting surface of second workpiece of second part in bulk.Two reflecting surfaces during all by heating softening polymeric material make, wherein the welding wavelength with radiant energy source is lower than the optics conductivity of only passing part in bulk and reflecting surface along the conductivity of passing the light path of preparation and part in bulk and reflecting surface.First and second reflecting surfaces are made by the polymer with overlapping fusion temperature scope, and this conduction strengthens preparation and comprises a material system that comprises the emittance absorbing dye, and this dyestuff has the absorption band that the welding wavelength with radiant energy source is complementary.The above-mentioned material system can be by continuous electricity-Re and chemistry-thermal transition activity and the above-mentioned lower photoconductivity that will belong to preparation is directed to heat energy, and wherein above-mentioned heat energy can be sent in the reflecting surface that is arranged in the light path identical with the above-mentioned material system.Above-mentioned heat energy transmission conduction can being reduced reflecting surface is welded to a conduction together to be strengthened in the zone, and this conduction strengthens the zone and has part in bulk optically fused together.
This conduction strengthens the regional photoconductivity that presents greater than the conductivity of only passing through these parts and reflecting surface in limit of visible spectrum.It is approximately big by 10%, perhaps big 1.1 times than the conductivity of only passing through these parts and reflecting surface that this conduction strengthens the photoconductivity that presents under the wavelength through selecting of zone in limit of visible spectrum.
This conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity to resemble conductivity than the light by these parts and reflecting surface only about 10%, perhaps big 1.1 times.The photoconductivity that passes preparation along light path approximately hangs down 10% than the photoconductivity by these parts in bulk and reflecting surface, perhaps low 0.9 times.This material system can mix mutually with above-mentioned reflecting surface, strengthens the zone thereby avoid blocking conduction.Combination is to be measured by the digital approximation of the Hansen solubility parameter of above-mentioned dyestuff, above-mentioned carrier, above-mentioned byproduct and above-mentioned reflecting surface mutually.The Hansen solubility factor of above-mentioned digital approximation can make conduction strengthen the obstruction minimum of light conduction in the zone.
According to the present invention, these and other relevant purpose realizes that by its 3rd embodiment it relates to formation emittance director on workpiece.
A kind of the workpiece of being made by first polymer with at least one first reflecting surface is carried out pretreated method, be used for a sole purpose that efficiently penetrates the welding operation of conduct radiation energy in order to prepare described workpiece, described operation is fused to described workpiece on the cooperation workpiece of being made by a kind of material with second reflecting surface, described material is softening when heating also can freely be selected from second polymer, described second polymer and described first polymer are same or similar, or be easy at least and the local different polymer that mix mutually of first reflecting surface of described first polymer, described workpiece has first part in bulk, described first part in bulk is crossed in described first reflecting surface extension, and described cooperation workpiece has second part in bulk, described second part in bulk is crossed in described second reflecting surface extension, wherein, described first polymer and described second polymer that can freely select have overlapping fusion temperature scope, described method comprises the following steps to form one basically with the emittance director of stratiform welding region form, comprise the following steps: that (I) selects described first polymer, described first polymer is softening when heating, and comprise first part in bulk and extend and cross described first reflecting surface of described first part in bulk, (II) select a kind of absorber dye, described absorber dye has stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of radiant energy source than in the zone except described welding wavelength, (III) select carrier, thereby described carrier has the edge that enough viscosity limits welding region, and avoid interfering inadequately welding operation or block the part of final fusion, and (IV) by described carrier the scope of every square millimeter 5 to 3000 nanogram on described first reflecting surface or above form deposit; Wherein, the capacity of described emittance director can be finished in the welding operation process according to the following step, chemistry transforms with machinery: (1) will the internal radiation power conversion of about 0.1 Jiao/square millimeter become heat energy by means of electronic vibration is loose under described welding wavelength, and (2) become the invisible byproduct of inertia with the described absorber dye exothermic decomposition of at least a portion after following described step of converting closely, wherein, described emittance is suitable for described first reflecting surface of described workpiece is welded on described second reflecting surface of described cooperation workpiece, strengthen the zone to form conduction, described conduction strengthens the zone and has two parts in bulk optically fused together; Described first reflecting surface that wherein said absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first polymer are made all can mix mutually.
In other respects, described workpiece is made by first thermoplastic polymer.Described carrier comprises film.Described carrier comprises thermoplastic material.Described film comprises thermoplastic material.Described absorber dye is to select from comprise following group: visible absorption dyestuff, hear-infrared absorption dye, infrared absorbing dye and their combination.Described absorber dye has stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of selecting from comprise following group: visible light welding wavelength, NIR welds wavelength, IR welding wavelength and their combination.Described carrier comprises the liquid flux that dissolves described absorber dye.Described carrier is transported to the enough little degree of depth with the described absorber dye of a part below described first reflecting surface, to avoid welding post-foaming.Described absorber dye is with every milliliters of liquid solvent about 1 * 10 -2To about 1 * 10 -4The concentration of gram occurs, thereby carries the described first reflecting surface settled density.Combination comprises the digital approximation of the Hansen solubility parameter of described absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first reflecting surface mutually.The Hansen solubility factor of described digital approximation can make described conduction strengthen the obstruction minimum of light conduction in the zone.
From the detailed description of doing below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, other objects and features of the present invention will become apparent.But be appreciated that the design accompanying drawing only is the purpose in order to illustrate, rather than the definition of limitation of the present invention, the present invention should be with reference to appended claims.It is also understood that these accompanying drawings are not proportionally to draw, unless and prompting is arranged in addition, they only are in conceptive expression structure and program described here.
Description of drawings
In whole views in the accompanying drawings, identical Reference numeral is represented similar parts:
Fig. 1 is the perspective view according to pre-treated workpiece of the present invention, has an absorber dye surface deposition along the one side;
Fig. 2 A is the amplification view of the surface deposition got along Fig. 1 center line II-II;
Fig. 2 B is the amplification view of another embodiment of surface deposition of being got along the line II-II among Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a chart, is illustrated in the conductivity profile in each stage in the workpiece preprocessing process, and the conductivity profile after electromagnetic radiation; And
Fig. 4 is the multi-part cutaway view of the workpiece and the material that matches, and expression is corresponding to the condition of each curve among Fig. 3.
The specific embodiment
Referring now to accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 particularly illustrates the workpiece 10 of a preparation, and this workpiece 10 is designed in any following time and is welded to clear and definite and final purpose on the material of being made by the polymer of compatibility.In other words, workpiece 10 can be thought to process in the flow process, wherein workpiece is carried out some initial manufacture, and can be retained in one period long period among the stock, the processing of products for further.Present patent application will cover the design and the engineering characteristics of workpiece, and it is suitable for by superficial layer being heated to jointly their fusion temperature scopes separately up to the fusing of these parts and fuse together and be bonded on a kind of material.Though be not the application's specific part, welding process constitutes by penetrating the welding of conduct radiation energy.This emittance can be provided by a large amount of energy sources, is included in the laser instrument of visible, near-infrared and infrared spectrum work, and infrared lamp and infrared emitter.Although the bandwidth of laser instrument generally is narrower than infrared lamp, term used herein " welding wavelength " expression absorber and radiant energy source are for discharging one or more wavelength that the thermal weld energy has jointly.
The workpiece and the match materials that matches
In general, workpiece according to the present invention is to be made by the thermosetting plastic of thermoplastic material or group.Also comprise by plastics or plastic optical fibre or have the fabric tissue that other fiber of plastic coating is made.Workpiece design of the present invention can be fused to its surface on the matching surface, at each the aspect effect some polymeric layers adjacent with this surface.Principal character is that the surface of workpiece is softening when heating at least, rather than decomposes.Similarly, matching surface should be softening when heating.Workpiece and the material that matches that is suitable for being welded on it should be the polymer that easily mixes mutually, and should have overlapping fusion temperature scope.
Workpiece, dye well related chemical constituents compatibility
Although absorber dye can place on the surface of the work as the band or the solid-state form of film, special effect is smeared and is obtained owing to liquid form.Although application process is not a part of the present invention, the workpiece that is produced should not be limited by any way owing to the application process of mentioning limited quantity, because the feature of being given by application process can be realized by multiple application process.For example, for kinds of surface, shape, workpiece type, intended use and combination thereof, liquid distributes or inkjet printing provides pliability, the cost efficiency of different aspect respectively and smears uniformity.
For applications in liquid form, need a kind of dissolving dye basically and form the solvent of printing ink.Engine request comprises correct viscosity, surface tension and the printing and dyeing time of printing ink, and they all can influence the edge that how well limits welding region.After the solvent evaporation, dyestuff and compound, solvent residues and pollutant keep from the teeth outwards together.Similarly, for smearing of solid-state form, dyestuff is provided with from the teeth outwards with other formation thing that constitutes film or band.As described in more detail below, dyestuff can decompose in welding process.Therefore require other byproduct of compound, residue, pollutant, other formation thing, dyestuff, analytical product and application process, in the surface aggregate thing that all is easy to be blended in workpiece and match material.Which also requires not have in these compositions for example owing to heat sink or the fusion temperature that do not match are disturbed welding process, perhaps block final welding.
These dyestuffs are that the visible absorption, the near-infrared (NIR) that have higher absorption and big extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength absorb or infrared (IR) absorbing dye.Meanwhile, dyestuff particularly in visible spectrum, should have lower absorption and lower dyeing in the scope beyond the optical maser wavelength.
In one embodiment of the invention, the visible light conduction laser instrument of a visible absorption dyestuff with coupling used.Replacedly, the NIR absorbing dye is used with the NIR laser instrument.Can use also that other is visible, NIR or IR emittance.Although laser instrument is worked under single wavelength, IR lamp and IR emitter can be worked under a plurality of wavelength.Can use the combination of dyestuff to cross over to comprise these a plurality of wavelength a bandwidth absorb.In addition, the heating energy of the available a kind of dyestuff decomposition of starting second dyestuff.Though use be a kind of or more than a kind of dyestuff, crucial key element is the efficient conversion of energy, and the light of welding conducts debatable low obstruction.
Referring again to Fig. 1 and 2 A, workpiece 10 comprises a surface 16 of representing the interactive surfaces layer.Workpiece 10 also has a part 14 in bulk, and it is the bulk material below the surface 16, represents a non-active portion of workpiece 10.Workpiece 10 design and make and be used to be welded to the unique and final purpose that matches on the material 12.
Absorber dye 20 is 16 depositions along the surface.The existence of dyestuff 20 defines a welding region 22.In other words, welding region 22 is the zones that can weld on surface 16.All can be in any following time by correctly compatible polymers 12 being placed to contact surface 16 and welding region 22 being exposed to the certain laser energy in the scope of the invention and obtaining welding along welding region 22.Fig. 2 A represents to be present in the absorber dye of surface on 16 with independent molecular forms, has the thickness of some molecular layers.Absorber dye is dissolved in the suitable coupling solvent, and is applied on the surface 16.According to the aggressivity of solvent with respect to workpiece material, solvent can cause the some molecular layers of dyestuff to immerse more deeply in the surface 16.When these superficial layers melt in welding process, the dyestuff of immersion will run into melt flow at engaging zones.Surprisingly, the applicant finds that slight immersion is an acceptable, and these immerse dye molecule as long as melt flow region is arrived soon after.If but dyestuff further immerses in the surface, then it can cause foaming away from the heating of melt flow region, and this can block welded contact.
In the embodiment of Fig. 2 B, owing at first absorber dye is added in the film, then film is put on the surface 16, avoided immersion fully.Thereby this embodiment has also avoided and the edge sharpness relevant any problem of dye/solvent along surface operation having weakened welding region.But the edge of welding region represent surface 16 welding portion and can not welding portion between the border.
The preliminary treatment example
Fig. 3 illustrates the conduction figure, and wherein curve 40 is to pass the match conduction figure of material 12 of the sample that is positioned over sample workpiece 10 tops.Two samples are all made by Merlon.The solution that next will contain every milliliter of absorber dye of 1 gram is applied on the workpiece 10, forms a welding region thereon.Curve 50 is the conduction figures that pass the material that matches that is positioned over workpiece 10 tops of containing absorber dye.
Fig. 4 material 12 of representing to match is positioned at the cutaway view that left side workpiece 10 is positioned at the plate relation on right side.Cross section 44 is corresponding to curve 40.Cross section 55 is corresponding to curve 50, and wherein workpiece 10 can weld, and the lowest conduction value of representative in near-infrared (NIR) and infrared (IR) scope.
Post processing example example
Referring again to Fig. 3, curve 60 is the conduction figures that pass two plates after laser emission, and wherein these plates are not sandwiched in together, and causing does not have weld seam.Curve 70 is the conduction figures that pass two plates after the laser emission, wherein welding region towards outside, cause there is not weld seam.Curve 80 is the conduction figures that pass two plates after the laser emission, and wherein these plates are properly oriented and clamped, and produces successful weld seam.
Among Fig. 4, cross section 66 is corresponding to curve 60, and cross section 77 is corresponding to curve 70.Notice that absorber dye 20 is partially or completely decomposed, but does not produce weld seam.Test data shows that the incorrect workpiece that is clamped on the material 66 that matches is equal to the incorrect location of workpiece 77.In another test, preparation Cyrolite acrylic acid is welded on the polyolefin.Because the fusion temperature scope of polymer is not overlapping, workpiece can not be welded on the material that matches, thereby prevents the generation of mixing mutually.Cross section 88 is corresponding to curve 80, and wherein dyestuff decomposes, and workpiece 10 and the reflecting boundary that matches between the material 12 fuse together.As shown in curve 80, the elimination that conduction reduces the reflecting boundary causes the high conduction value for successful welded section 88.
Among Fig. 3, under the exemplary diode laser welding wavelength of 940 nanometers, the conductivity of passing two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces is 81.9%, corresponding to curve 40.Identical measured value behind the introducing preparation is 71.8%, corresponding to curve 50.This difference is low approximately by 10%, perhaps hangs down 0.9 times approximately.Mistake welding corresponding to curve 60 and 70 has about 78.4% conductivity, and has 86.6% conductivity corresponding to the correct welding of curve 80.
With the laser weld wavelength is the neodymium of 1064 nanometers: yttrium-aluminium-garnet is an example, and the conductivity of passing two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces is 81.7%, corresponding to curve 40.Identical measured value behind the introducing preparation is 69.1%, corresponding to curve 50.This difference is low approximately by 10%, more specifically hangs down 12.6% approximately.Low 0.9 times approximately of this difference, more specifically low 0.8 times.Mistake welding corresponding to curve 60 and 70 has about 77.5% conductivity, and has 86.1% conductivity corresponding to the correct welding of curve 80.
It is 550 nanometers that exemplary visible spectrum is measured wavelength, and it is being similar to as the light elephant also.All curve 40,50,60 and 70 is grouped in 0.3% scope of 75.3% conductivity, is illustrated in the minimum effect of introducing and decomposing after the wrong welding on the visible spectrum.Correct welding produces 83.4% conductivity.This is for resembling approximate high about 10% and high 1.1 times in the absolute measurement of 550 nanometers and for light.Down
These percentage conductance values have been summarized in the table 1.
Table 1
Wavelength Curve 40 cross sections 44 Curve 50 cross sections 55 Curve 60 cross sections 66 Curve 70 cross sections 77 Curve 80 cross sections 88
1064 nanometers 81.7 69.1 77.5 77.5 86.1
940 nanometers 81.9 71.8 78.4 78.4 86.6
550 nanometers 75.3 75.3 75.3 75.3 83.4
Use different polymer, different dyestuff, different carrier will have different results with the different dye density and the radiation of varying level.In optical application, these values are typical.Also can use other laser instrument, be included in the laser instrument of work under the visible spectrum.
Be listed in another example of 7 times of dye strengths measuring under the liquid-carrier state in the table 2.Confirmed the existence of additional dye at the low value of upper wavelength lower section 55.All other coefficients keep identical.After the welding, attention is compared with the identical measurement in the table 1, although there is other wavelength in cross section 88, has the good conductivity of 550 nanometers in the cross section 88.Therefore, in fact this example display part exothermic decomposition resembles not influence of conduction for visible or light.Under this dye strength, there is additional capacity, thereby under parameter of the present invention, in welding process, uses more substantial heat energy.
Table 2
Wavelength Cross section 44 Cross section 55 Cross section 88
1064 nanometers 82.7 34.0 75.4
940 nanometers 82.9 36.4 74.5
550 nanometers 77.9 76.0 84.0
In another series of tests, be welded on the Merlon by particular dye is sprayed to polyurethane, and spray to PVC in another case and go up and be welded on the PVC, under high concentration, this particular dye is tested.Change laser energy and speed of welding welding energy, but do not weld with the adjusting per surface area.The dye well spraying technology of believing high concentration produces inhomogeneous and/or exceeds the superficial density of prescribed limit of the present invention.When the concentration with the present invention's regulation is loaded into identical dyestuff in the film equably, at the dye strength of crossing over 10 times of concentration, cross over the film thickness of 3 times of scopes, cross over the laser energy of 2.5 times of scopes and cross under the speed of welding of 6.6 times of scopes, at an easy rate the PMMA plate is welded together.Aspect per surface area welding energy, this scope expands to 11.4 Jiao/square millimeters from 0.7 Jiao/square millimeter, greater than 16 times of scopes, and promptly 6.6 2.5 times.
Other test of carrying out in parameter area of the present invention successfully welds together following paired material:
The workpiece material that matches
The cardboard of MDPE thin film coated LDPE
Polypropylene film ABA
Copolyether PEN
The copolyether polypropylene
To be welded to easier finishing on the material that matches by the workpiece that same polymer is made, comprise: Merlon, polypropylene, PMMA, HDPE, acetal, TPE, polyetherimide, PEEK, polystyrene, nylon and ABS.Because some nylon has and is lower than 50%, even is lower than 10% conductivity, the change of measuring conductivity on 10% order of magnitude is unpractiaca.Therefore, even because the behavior predicted under the low conductivity of non-transparent parts is also taking place, 1.1 times and 0.9 times of conductivity have changed the work aspect measurement performance well in parameter area of the present invention.Successful welding for example is to finish with the laser of working in the frequency spectrum below: neodymium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet doubles the visible spectrum of 532 nanometers, ruby laser 694 nanometers and visible diode laser 670 nanometers; Near-infrared GaAs laser instrument; Infrared diode laser under 808 nanometers, 940 nanometers and 980 nanometers; And neodymium: yttrium-aluminium-garnet 1064 nanometers.
As can seeing, provide higher tolerance and width to final welding procedure according to the workpiece of design of the present invention and Fabrication parameter preparation.Therefore single workpiece prepared in accordance with the present invention can be under the different capacity level uses with different welding laser neatly together, and uses together with different component.It can be used for requirement high strength, high correct welding degree of guaranteeing and high optics or light resembles transmission value in conjunction with in the low application of blocking.In addition, in the process of workpiece produced according to the present invention, can use the dyestuff and the release vehicle of wide range, as long as defer to the solubility rule.Intrinsic flexibility of the present invention has single pigment or dye strength level with usually that parts are opposite with blocking the prior art systems that pigment is entrained in, perhaps with parts as the coupling that is manufactured from the same material to handling.
Therefore, although illustrated, described and pointed out the of the present invention basic novel feature that is applied to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but be appreciated that, under the situation that does not break away from spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art can carry out multiple deletion, substitutions and modifications to described method and illustrated device in their application.For example, clearly expression is, can realize substantially the same function in substantially the same mode and reaches these elements of identical result and/or whole combinations of method step all fall into scope of the present invention.In addition, will be appreciated that, in conjunction with the design of any open form of the present invention or diagram and/or description and manufacturer's standard, their formation thing and/or element and/or method step, all can be used as the monomer matters of design alternative and introduce any other open describe or the form or embodiment of suggestion in.Therefore expectation is only limited by the scope of the claim that is attached to it.

Claims (32)

1. but welding work pieces, it has at least one first reflecting surface of being made by first polymer, described first polymer softens when heating and is suitable for being fused on the cooperation workpiece of being made by a kind of material with second reflecting surface, described material is softening when heating also can freely be selected from second polymer, described second polymer and described first polymer are same or similar, or be easy at least and the local different polymer that mix mutually of described first reflecting surface of described first polymer, wherein said first polymer and described second polymer that can freely select have overlapping fusion temperature scope, but described welding work pieces comprises:
(a) but described welding work pieces has first part in bulk, described first reflecting surface extends and crosses described first part in bulk;
(b) absorber dye, described absorber dye have stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of radiant energy source than in the zone except described welding wavelength;
Described absorber dye is deposited on described first reflecting surface or the top, thereby limits welding region by means of carrier, and described carrier has necessary viscosity, and can avoid with described welding region unsuitable interference or obstruction taking place; Wherein,
Described deposit comprises the every square millimeter about 5 roughly uniform density to about 3000 nanogram dyestuffs, providing predictable and heating self-consistentency, thereby but described welding work pieces can be welded; And
(c) described welding region has such capacity, can be by means of in that described absorber dye exothermic decomposition becomes the electronic vibration that follows closely after the invisible byproduct of inertia loose and will the internal radiation power conversion of about 0.1 Jiao/square millimeter become heat energy under described welding wavelength with at least a portion, wherein, described cooperation workpiece has second part in bulk, described second part in bulk is crossed in described second reflecting surface extension, and described emittance is suitable for but described first reflecting surface of described welding work pieces is welded on described second reflecting surface of described cooperation workpiece, strengthen the zone to form conduction, described conduction strengthens the zone and has two parts in bulk optically fused together;
Described first reflecting surface that wherein said absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first polymer are made all can mix mutually.
2. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, but described welding work pieces is made by first thermoplastic polymer.
3. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that described carrier comprises film.
4. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described carrier comprises thermoplastic material.
5. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described carrier comprises film.
6. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that described film comprises thermoplastic material.
7. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described absorber dye is to select from comprise following group: visible absorption dyestuff, hear-infrared absorption dye, infrared absorbing dye and their composition.
8. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described carrier comprises the liquid flux that dissolves described absorber dye.
9. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, described carrier is discharged into the enough little degree of depth with the described absorber dye of a part below described first reflecting surface, foams in welding process avoiding.
10. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, described absorber dye is with every milliliters of liquid solvent about 1 * 10 -2To about 1 * 10 -4The concentration of gram exists, thereby discharges the described first reflecting surface settled density.
11. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described absorber dye has stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of selecting from comprise following group: visible spectrum welding wavelength, NIR welds wavelength, IR welding wavelength and their combination.
12. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described conduction strengthens the regional photoconductivity that presents greater than the conductivity of only passing through two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces in limit of visible spectrum.
13. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that it is approximately big by 10% than the conductivity of only passing through two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces that described conduction strengthens the photoconductivity that presents under the wavelength through selecting of zone in limit of visible spectrum.
14. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 12, it is characterized in that it is approximately big 1.1 times than the conductivity of only passing through two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces that described conduction strengthens the photoconductivity that presents under the wavelength through selecting of zone in limit of visible spectrum.
15. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity and resemble conductivity greater than the light by two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces only.
16. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that described conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity approximately to resemble conductivity than the light by two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces only big by 10%.
17. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that described conduction strengthens light that the zone presents and resembles conductivity approximately to resemble conductivity than the light by two parts in bulk and two reflecting surfaces only big 1.1 times.
18. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that Combination comprises the digital approximation of the Hansen solubility parameter of described absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first reflecting surface mutually.
19. but welding work pieces as claimed in claim 18 is characterized in that the Hansen solubility factor of described digital approximation can make described conduction strengthen the obstruction minimum of the light conduction in the zone.
20. one kind is carried out pretreated method to the workpiece of being made by first polymer with at least one first reflecting surface, be used for a sole purpose that efficiently penetrates the welding operation of conduct radiation energy in order to prepare described workpiece, described operation is fused to described workpiece on the cooperation workpiece of being made by a kind of material with second reflecting surface, described material is softening when heating also can freely be selected from second polymer, described second polymer and described first polymer are same or similar, or be easy at least and the local different polymer that mix mutually of first reflecting surface of described first polymer, described workpiece has first part in bulk, described first part in bulk is crossed in described first reflecting surface extension, and described cooperation workpiece has second part in bulk, described second part in bulk is crossed in described second reflecting surface extension, wherein, described first polymer and described second polymer that can freely select have overlapping fusion temperature scope, and described method comprises the following steps:
Form one basically with the emittance director of stratiform welding region form, comprise the following steps: that (I) selects described first polymer, described first polymer is softening when heating, and comprise first part in bulk and extend and cross described first reflecting surface of described first part in bulk, (II) select a kind of absorber dye, described absorber dye has stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of radiant energy source than in the zone except described welding wavelength, (III) select carrier, thereby described carrier has the edge that enough viscosity limits welding region, and avoid interfering inadequately welding operation or block the part of final fusion, and (IV) by described carrier the scope of every square millimeter 5 to 3000 nanogram on described first reflecting surface or above form deposit;
Wherein, the capacity of described emittance director can be finished in the welding operation process according to the following step, chemistry transforms with machinery: (1) will the internal radiation power conversion of about 0.1 Jiao/square millimeter become heat energy by means of electronic vibration is loose under described welding wavelength, and (2) become the invisible byproduct of inertia with the described absorber dye exothermic decomposition of at least a portion after following described step of converting closely, wherein, described emittance is suitable for described first reflecting surface of described workpiece is welded on described second reflecting surface of described cooperation workpiece, strengthen the zone to form conduction, described conduction strengthens the zone and has two parts in bulk optically fused together;
Described first reflecting surface that wherein said absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first polymer are made all can mix mutually.
21. the method as claim 20 is stated is characterized in that, described workpiece is made by first thermoplastic polymer.
22. method as claimed in claim 21 is characterized in that, described carrier comprises film.
23. method as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, described carrier comprises thermoplastic material.
24. method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described carrier comprises film.
25. method as claimed in claim 24 is characterized in that, described film comprises thermoplastic material.
26. method as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that, described absorber dye is to select from comprise following group: visible absorption dyestuff, hear-infrared absorption dye, infrared absorbing dye and their combination.
27. method as claimed in claim 20, it is characterized in that, described absorber dye has stronger absorption and higher extinction coefficient under the welding wavelength of selecting from comprise following group: visible light welding wavelength, NIR welds wavelength, IR welding wavelength and their combination.
28. method as claimed in claim 27 is characterized in that, described carrier comprises the liquid flux that dissolves described absorber dye.
29. method as claimed in claim 28 is characterized in that, described carrier is transported to the enough little degree of depth with the described absorber dye of a part below described first reflecting surface, to avoid welding post-foaming.
30. method as claimed in claim 29 is characterized in that, described absorber dye is with every milliliters of liquid solvent about 1 * 10 -2To about 1 * 10 -4The concentration of gram occurs, thereby carries the described first reflecting surface settled density.
31. method as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that, Combination comprises the digital approximation of the Hansen solubility parameter of described absorber dye, described carrier, described byproduct and described first reflecting surface mutually.
32. method as claimed in claim 31 is characterized in that, the Hansen solubility factor of described digital approximation can make described conduction strengthen the obstruction minimum of light conduction in the zone.
CNB038022605A 2002-01-15 2003-01-10 Pre-processed workpiece having a surface deposition of absorber dye rendering the workpiece weld-enabled Expired - Fee Related CN100439093C (en)

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US20070184279A1 (en) 2007-08-09
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US20040038023A1 (en) 2004-02-26
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US7344774B2 (en) 2008-03-18
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