CN100452612C - Uninterruptible power supply apparatus and power failure compensating system - Google Patents

Uninterruptible power supply apparatus and power failure compensating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100452612C
CN100452612C CNB2005800093081A CN200580009308A CN100452612C CN 100452612 C CN100452612 C CN 100452612C CN B2005800093081 A CNB2005800093081 A CN B2005800093081A CN 200580009308 A CN200580009308 A CN 200580009308A CN 100452612 C CN100452612 C CN 100452612C
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China
Prior art keywords
power supply
mentioned
accident
load
source power
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Expired - Fee Related
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CNB2005800093081A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1934765A (en
Inventor
乡古良则
佐野耕市
小林猛
奥野贵裕
丸山裕
寺田清孝
畠中浩嗣
水野弘一
金尾则一
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Hokuriku Electric Power Co
Nissin Electric Co Ltd
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Hokuriku Electric Power Co
Nissin Electric Co Ltd
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Publication of CN1934765A publication Critical patent/CN1934765A/en
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Publication of CN100452612C publication Critical patent/CN100452612C/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/04—Modifications for accelerating switching
    • H03K17/0403—Modifications for accelerating switching in thyristor switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/068—Electronic means for switching from one power supply to another power supply, e.g. to avoid parallel connection
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/30—Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for improving the carbon footprint of the management of residential or tertiary loads, i.e. smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the buildings sector, including also the last stages of power distribution and the control, monitoring or operating management systems at local level
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S20/00—Management or operation of end-user stationary applications or the last stages of power distribution; Controlling, monitoring or operating thereof
    • Y04S20/20—End-user application control systems

Abstract

During the normal operation of a commercial power supply, a quick current limiting/interrupting part (3) supplies power from the commercial power supply to a load via a DC reactor, while an auxiliary power supplying part (4) performs a PQ control in such a manner that both the active and reactive powers to be supplied to the load (9) are zero. Additionally, the responsiveness of the PQ control is set to be longer than the accident detection period of the commercial power supply in an accident detecting part (2), thereby causing the auxiliary power supplying part (4) to supply power to the load (9) and an accident point without any instantaneous interruption until the accident detecting part (2) detects the accident. Moreover, the impedance of the DC reactor (14) is set to be equal to or greater than (100Z)/A, thereby inhibiting the voltage of the load (9) from being below an allowable voltage drop rate during the accident. If any power supply accident is detected by the accident detecting part (2), then the PQ control by the auxiliary power supplying part (4) is halted, and the interruptions by quick switches (13a,13b) are done.

Description

Uninterrupted power supply(ups) and power failure compensating system
Technical field
[0001] the present invention relates to a kind ofly reduce or during accident such as power failure at source power supply generation instantaneous voltage, can be incessantly to the uninterrupted power supply(ups) and the power failure compensating system of electric.
Background technology
[0002] in devices such as the webserver or semiconductor-fabricating device or system, because reducing (hereinafter referred to as instantaneous reduction), power failure or instantaneous voltage can be subjected to great loss, so use the pre-stand-by power source of uninterrupted power supply(ups) (UPS:uninterruptible power supply) when taking place mostly as the power supply accident.General uninterrupted power supply(ups) possesses has battery on (storage battery), power supply just often (often time) battery is charged, when power failure takes place, from battery to device or system's supply capability, be used for anti-locking apparatus or system stops or malfunction, make its function normal.
[0003] in the supply power mode of uninterrupted power supply(ups), has, often inverter mode (for example with reference to patent documentation 1) and often commercial supply power mode.
[0004] uninterrupted power supply(ups) of inverter mode often with the input supply independent, often makes output voltage certain, can the occurrence frequency confusion.In addition, when power failure is arranged, can instantaneous interruption does not take place switch to backup battery, supply capability.But, the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of this kind mode has inverter circuit and converter circuit because utilize, even in usual, also the electric power from source power supply is carried out 2 conversions, the loss so can change, efficient is 85%, uninterrupted power supply(ups) itself takes place consume the many problems of electric power change.In addition, employed circuit complicates, so there is the problem of high price.
[0005] in addition on the one hand, often the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of commercial supply power mode is because make input ac power directly output to load in usual, when power failure, make and be outputted to the storage battery supply capability, so the consumption electric power of uninterrupted power supply(ups) itself tails off, battery life is also longer.In addition, employed circuit tails off, so that structure also becomes is simple with low cost.The uninterrupted power supply(ups) of existing commercial supply power mode often has structure as shown in Figure 8.Fig. 8 is the structural map that is connected with source power supply and load in the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of existing commercial supply power mode often.
[0006] input terminal 106 of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 101 is connected to source power supply 108, and lead-out terminal 107 is connected to load 109.Uninterrupted power supply(ups) 101 possesses converter section 117, filter circuit 118, transformer 119 and the interrupter 121 that has instrumentation to constitute with transformer 111, control part 112, semiconductor switch 113, battery 115, battery output determination part 116, by charger and inverter.
[0007] instrumentation detects the magnitude of voltage of supplying with from source power supply 108 with transformer 111, makes used power source voltage value be depressured to the voltage of appointment, and it is outputed to control part 112.
[0008] control part 112 is not when the magnitude of voltage of battery output determination part 116 reaches designated value, and the charger of converter section 117 charges to battery 115.In addition, control part 112 interrupts semiconductor switch 113 ( thyristor 113a, 113b) being designated value when following from instrumentation with the magnitude of voltage of transformer 111 output, and the inverter of converter section 117 is moved, and makes 115 pairs of load 109 supply capabilities of battery.
[0009] semiconductor switch 113 possesses thyristor 113a and thyristor 113b is arranged, and when semiconductor switch 113 is short-circuited power failure such as accident at source power supply 108, load is separated from source power supply 108.
[0010] power supply accident interruption semiconductor switch 113 when taking place, to load 109 supply capabilities in battery 115.
[0011] battery output determination part 116 is measured the voltage/current of battery 115, and its result is outputed to control part 112.
[0012] charger of converter section 117 is that alternating current is converted into direct current, the transducer that battery 115 is charged.In addition, the inverter of converter section 117 is converted into direct current with direct current, exports then.
[0013] filter circuit 118 possesses reactor 118L and capacitor 118C, becomes the high frequency filter of the load-side that is connected to inverter, the noise that the electric device that is used for being absorbed in inverter inside is produced when carrying out switch.
[0014] transformer 119 will be supplied with the voltage that becomes appointment from the voltage transitions of source power supply 108.In addition, when semiconductor switch 113 interrupts, will be converted into the magnitude of voltage of source power supply 108 from the magnitude of voltage that the inverter of converter section 117 is exported.
[0015] interrupter 121 is in the time of maintenance of carrying out uninterrupted power supply(ups) 101 etc., from 108 pairs of loads of source power supply, 109 direct supply capabilities.
[0016] the following describes the action of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 101.Control part 112 makes semiconductor switch 113 become ON at ordinary times, and control part 112 stops the inverter of converter section 117, stops to supply with from the electric power of battery 115.Utilize this kind mode, from 108 pairs of load 109 supply capabilities of source power supply.In addition, when the magnitude of voltage of the battery 115 that is measured at battery output determination part 116 does not reach designated value, control part 112 moves the charger of converter section 117, to battery 115 chargings, the magnitude of voltage of the battery 115 that is measured to when battery output determination part 116 is during greater than designated value, and control part 112 stops the charger of converter section 117.
[0017] when having an accident at source power supply 108, when service voltage reduces, control part 112 utilizes instrumentation to detect the reduction of this output voltage with transformer 111 high speeds (1/4 circulation is following), make semiconductor switch 113 become open circuit immediately, inverter 117b is moved, from 115 pairs of load 109 supply capabilities of battery.The user before battery 115 exhausts during in, load is normally stopped, can preventing fault.
[0018] gets back to normal condition when source power supply 108, when service voltage becomes normal value, control part 112, utilize instrumentation to detect the variation of this output voltage with transformer 111 high speeds (1/4 circulation is following), it is closed circuit that semiconductor switch 113 is become, the inverter of converter section 117 is stopped, the charger of transducer 117 is moved, be used for battery 115 is charged.
[patent documentation 1] Japanese patent laid-open 5-64378 communique
Summary of the invention
(problem that invention institute desire solves)
[0019] uninterrupted power supply(ups) of existing commercial supply power mode often such as above-mentioned mode, after the voltage reduction that detects from source power supply 108, make semiconductor switch 113 open circuits, from 115 pairs of load 109 supply capabilities of battery, switching when power supply is urgent needs half cycles, and (hit takes place in 8～10msec) time during this period.Therefore, when even the short time of 2msec voltage also reduces the situation of can affected semiconductor-fabricating device such load, can not use the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of commercial supply power mode often, the known uninterrupted power supply(ups) of the not good mode of inverter often of high price, efficient that is to use is as pre-stand-by power source.
[0020] therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide can be instantaneous interruption does not take place to be transformed into the uninterrupted power supply(ups) and the power failure compensating system of pre-stand-by power source for the commercial supply power mode often of giving electric power.
(device of dealing with problems)
[0021] the present invention's device of being used for solving the above problems possesses following structure is arranged.
[0022] it is characterized in that possessing and have:
A kind of uninterrupted power supply(ups) is characterized in that: possessing has: the accident checkout gear is used for detecting with certain accident sense cycle the accident of source power supply; High speed current limliting interrupting device at above-mentioned source power supply just often,,, is used for interrupting from the circuit of above-mentioned source power supply to the load supply capability to the load supply capability when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply from above-mentioned source power supply; With the preparation supply unit, at described source power supply just often and till above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, carry out PQ control: make active power and the reactive power supplied with to load all become zero, its response time is set for longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of above-mentioned accident checkout gear, after the accident of described source power supply takes place, detect accident until above-mentioned accident checkout gear, above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply till the circuit of load supply capability, immediately to load and accident point supply capability incessantly, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, stop above-mentioned PQ control, above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply being used for only to above-mentioned load supply capability when the circuit of load supply capability.
[0023] in this kind structure, at ordinary times from source power supply to the load supply capability, when source power supply has an accident, thereafter immediately from the preparation supply unit to the load supply capability.Therefore, with the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of known commercial supply power mode often differently, when source power supply has an accident, instantaneous interruption ground can not take place from pre-stand-by power source supply capability.
[0024] (2) is characterized in that possessing has:
A kind of uninterrupted power supply(ups) is characterized in that: possessing has:
The accident checkout gear is with the instantaneous voltage reduction accident and the power outage of certain accident sense cycle detection source power supply;
High speed current limliting interrupting device, possess to have and comprise the single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit that makes the speed-sensitive switch that opens and closes to the circuit of load supply capability from above-mentioned source power supply, and be connected direct current reactor between 2 dc terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit, at above-mentioned source power supply just often, from above-mentioned source power supply to load via above-mentioned direct current reactor supply capability, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detected the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, above-mentioned speed-sensitive switch interrupted from the circuit of above-mentioned source power supply to the load supply capability; With
The preparation supply unit, possesses the filter circuit that is connected in series, inverter and DC power supply, wherein above-mentioned filter circuit comprises AC reactor, have an accident just often and from above-mentioned source power supply till beginning to above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply at above-mentioned source power supply, carrying out PQ control makes active power and the reactive power above-mentioned load supplied with from above-mentioned inverter all become zero, after the accident of described source power supply takes place, interrupt from above-mentioned source power supply till the circuit of load supply capability until above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, the conversion of above-mentioned inverter is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply to load and accident point supply capability incessantly, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, stop above-mentioned PQ control, above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply when the circuit of load supply capability, and above-mentioned inverter conversion is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply only to above-mentioned load supply capability;
The response time of above-mentioned PQ control is configured to longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of above-mentioned accident checkout gear.
[0025] in this kind structure, at source power supply just often, because not from uninterrupted power supply(ups) to the load supply capability, only from the source power supply supply capability, so high speed current limliting interrupting device from source power supply via direct current reactor to the load supply capability, carry out active power and reactive power that PQ control makes the preparation supply unit supply with load and all become zero.In addition, under stable state, because the impedance of direct current reactor appears as zero, so at source power supply just often, direct current reactor can not cause bad influence to source power supply, can be from source power supply to load supply capability stably.Therefore, at source power supply just often because not from the preparation supply unit to the load supply capability, so uninterrupted power supply(ups) can be effectively only from source power supply to the load supply capability.
[0026] in addition, in this kind structure, the accident checkout gear carries out accident with the cycle of appointment and detects, because during till playing the accident of detecting from the accident, supply capability incessantly is so set the response of PQ control for longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of accident checkout gear.Therefore, even when source power supply generation instantaneous voltage reduction accident or power outage, because the response of PQ control can not immediate answer, so continue to carry out PQ control with same system condition before taking place with accident.At this moment, the side in that system side has an accident carries out PQ control because with accident preceding system condition takes place, so can not correctly carry out PQ control.That is the correct PQ control that does not have load current to flow has caused electric current to flow to system from the preparation supply unit.In the present invention, utilize electric current at this moment, utilize the dividing potential drop effect of direct current reactor and AC reactor, continue the load supply capability.Then, detect sequential, stop PQ control in next accident.After this stops, carrying out from preparation supply unit supply capability.According to aforesaid way, till playing when having an accident when detecting accident during in, with incessantly from the preparation supply unit to load and accident point supply capability.
[0027] in addition, in this structure, when the accident checkout gear detects accidents such as the instantaneous reduction of source power supply or power failure, the preparation supply unit stops PQ control, utilize the speed-sensitive switch of high speed current limliting interrupting device simultaneously, interrupt circuit separates source power supply.Therefore, after high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupt circuit, can supply with necessary electric power, can not reduce the voltage of load from the preparation supply unit.
[0028] (3) is characterized in that:
Be made as A% in the allowable voltage reduction rate to above-mentioned load, when the impedance of above-mentioned AC reactor was made as Z, the impedance of above-mentioned direct current reactor was set at (100Z)/more than the A.
[0029] in this kind structure, even when source power supply has the situation of ground fault or short circuit accident, the voltage of preparation supply unit is by direct current reactor and AC reactor dividing potential drop, and the voltage of load can not be lower than allowable voltage reduction rate.
[0030] (4) is characterized in that:
Possess control device is arranged, be used for controlling the voltage of above-mentioned preparation supply unit and the voltage of above-mentioned source power supply becomes roughly homophase, same amplitude.
[0031] in this kind structure, the voltage of the voltage of source power supply and preparation supply unit, because being controlled so as to phase place and amplitude is roughly the same value, so when source power supply has an accident, from the preparation supply unit load supply phase place and amplitude are not had the electric power of deviation immediately.In addition, when PQ controls, make load current become zero control, often drive inverter.Therefore, via the phase place of integration system and the phase place of inverter in advance, after above-mentioned accident takes place, make that to supply with phase place from the electric power of preparation supply unit continuous.
[0032] (5) is characterized in that:
Above-mentioned speed-sensitive switch is a pair of thyristor, and at least one in 2 ac terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit connects above-mentioned a pair of thyristor, and 2 ac terminals of above-mentioned rectification circuit are connected to above-mentioned source power supply and load.
[0033] in this kind structure, because use the speed-sensitive switch of a pair of thyristor, so in the time of the 10msec that source power supply has had an accident, can interrupt from the circuit of source power supply supply capability as rectification circuit.In addition, when the power supply accident, when with the circuit between thyristor interruption source power supply and the load, can utilize the semiconductor rectifier assembly to make the induced electromotive force short circuit that produces at direct current reactor.
[0034] (6) is characterized in that possessing has:
A kind of power failure compensating system is characterized in that: possessing has: uninterrupted power supply(ups), and possessing has: the accident checkout gear is used for detecting with certain accident sense cycle the accident of source power supply; High speed current limliting interrupting device at above-mentioned source power supply just often,,, is used for interrupting from the circuit of above-mentioned source power supply to the load supply capability to the load supply capability when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply from above-mentioned source power supply; With the preparation supply unit, at described source power supply just often and till above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, carry out PQ control: make effective power and the reactance capacity supplied with to load all become zero, its response time is set for longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of above-mentioned accident checkout gear, after the accident of described source power supply takes place, detect accident until above-mentioned accident checkout gear, above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply till the circuit of load supply capability, immediately to load and accident point supply capability incessantly, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, stop above-mentioned PQ control, above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply being used for only to above-mentioned load supply capability when the circuit of load supply capability; The urgent generator of using interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply after the circuit of load supply capability at above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, and above-mentioned preparation supply unit can not start before the load supply capability; And switch, make above-mentioned load and above-mentioned source power supply or above-mentionedly promptly be connected, and can switch connection with generator.
[0035] in addition, it is characterized in that possessing and have:
A kind of power failure compensating system is characterized in that: possess uninterrupted power supply(ups) is arranged, promptly use generator and switch; Uninterrupted power supply(ups), it has: the accident checkout gear, with the instantaneous voltage reduction accident and the power outage of certain accident sense cycle detection source power supply; High speed current limliting interrupting device, possess to have and comprise the single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit that makes the speed-sensitive switch that opens and closes to the circuit of load supply capability from above-mentioned source power supply, and be connected direct current reactor between 2 dc terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit, at above-mentioned source power supply just often, from above-mentioned source power supply to load via above-mentioned direct current reactor supply capability, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detected the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, above-mentioned speed-sensitive switch interrupted from the circuit of above-mentioned source power supply to the load supply capability; With the preparation supply unit, possesses the filter circuit that is connected in series, inverter and DC power supply, wherein above-mentioned filter circuit comprises AC reactor, have an accident just often and from above-mentioned source power supply till beginning to above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply at above-mentioned source power supply, carrying out PQ control makes active power and the reactive power above-mentioned load supplied with from above-mentioned source power supply all become zero, after the accident of described source power supply takes place, interrupt from above-mentioned source power supply till the circuit of load supply capability until above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, the conversion of above-mentioned inverter is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply to load and accident point supply capability incessantly, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, stop above-mentioned PQ control, when above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply during to the circuit of load supply capability, above-mentioned inverter conversion is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply only to above-mentioned load supply capability; And that the response time of above-mentioned PQ control is configured to is longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of above-mentioned accident checkout gear; And promptly use generator, and interrupting from above-mentioned source power supply after the circuit of load supply capability at above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, above-mentioned preparation supply unit can not start before the load supply capability; And switch, make above-mentioned load and above-mentioned source power supply or above-mentionedly promptly be connected, and can switch connection with generator.
[0036] under the situation that source power supply has an accident, during soon, can supply with necessary electric power to load from the preparation supply unit, when the time through certain hour, because the voltage of the DC power supply of preparation supply unit reduces, so can not supply with necessary electric power to load.In above-mentioned structure, before the reduction of DC power supply voltage can not be supplied with sufficient electric power to load from the preparation supply unit, starting is promptly used generator, make switch be switching to from this promptly with generator to the load supply capability, can be unceasingly and stably to the load supply capability.
The invention effect
[0037] according to the described uninterrupted power supply(ups) of specification, because often from source power supply to the load supply capability, when source power supply has an accident, during from this by the preparation supply unit to the load supply capability, so it is different with the uninterrupted power supply(ups) of existing commercial supply power mode often, when the accident of source power supply takes place, can be incessantly from pre-stand-by power source supply capability.
[0038] according to the described uninterrupted power supply(ups) of specification, at source power supply just often, not from the preparation supply unit to the load supply capability, can be only from source power supply to the load supply capability.In addition, after high speed current limliting interrupting device is with circuit interruption, can not reduce, can supply with necessary electric power from the preparation supply unit to the voltage of load.
[0039] according to the described uninterrupted power supply(ups) of specification, even if having at source power supply under the situation of ground fault or short circuit accident, because the voltage of preparation supply unit is by direct current reactor and AC reactor dividing potential drop, voltage that can supply load can not be lower than the electric power of allowable voltage reduction rate.
[0040] according to the described uninterrupted power supply(ups) of specification, because being controlled so as to, the voltage of the voltage of source power supply and preparation supply unit make phase place and amplitude become roughly the same value, so when when source power supply has an accident, can be immediately from preparing supply unit to the load supply capability.
[0041],, can interrupt from the circuit of source power supply supply capability in the time of the 10msec that has an accident from source power supply according to the described uninterrupted power supply(ups) of specification.In addition, when the power supply accident, when utilizing thyristor to interrupt circuit between source power supply and the load, the induced electromotive force short circuit that can utilize the semiconductor rectifier assembly to make to be created in reactor.
[0042] according to the described power failure compensating system of specification, the voltage of DC power supply reduce cause can not supply with sufficient electric power to load from the preparation supply unit before, can continue supply capability stably to load by urgent urgently needed generator.
Description of drawings
[0043] Fig. 1 is the general structural map of the related uninterrupted power supply(ups) of embodiments of the invention.
The figure of Fig. 2 is used for representing the down slope time constant in AC power cycle and the relation of equiva lent impedance.
Fig. 3 is the calcspar of the control part of uninterrupted power supply(ups).
Fig. 4 (A)～(C) is the skeleton diagram that is used for illustrating the action of uninterrupted power supply(ups).
Fig. 5 (A), (B) are the equivalent electric circuit and the polar plots of uninterrupted power supply(ups).
Fig. 6 is the output voltage waveforms and the control timing figure of uninterrupted power supply(ups).
Fig. 7 is connected with urgent skeleton diagram with generator in uninterrupted power supply(ups).
Fig. 8 is the structural map that known uninterrupted power supply(ups) under commercial supply power mode often is connected with source power supply and load.
Embodiment
[0044] Fig. 1 is the general structural map of the related uninterrupted power supply(ups) of embodiments of the invention.The related uninterrupted power supply(ups) of embodiments of the invention be designed to often with commercial supply power mode to the load supply capability, but take place to have a power failure or during instantaneous reduction the structure that compensates incessantly.
[0045] uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 possess accident test section 2 arranged, high speed current limliting discontinuities 3, preparation power supply unit 4 and bypass section 5, wherein input terminal 6 is connected to source power supply 8, lead-out terminal 7 is connected to load 9.Accident test section 2 is made of with transformer 11 and control part 12 instrumentation.High speed current limliting discontinuities 3 is made of bridgt circuit 13 and the direct current reactor 14 as the single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit.Preparation power supply unit 4 is made of battery 15, battery output determination part 16, converter section 17, filter circuit 18, transformer 19 and the power supply output determination part 20 as DC power supply.Bypass section 5 is made of interrupter 21.
[0046] accident test section 2 is used for detecting source power supply 8 and the power supply accidents takes place instantaneous reduction or power failure take place.When high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 at source power supply 8 the power supply accident takes place, interrupt the circuit between source power supply 8 and the load 9.When the power supply accident takes place at source power supply 8 in preparation power supply unit 4, to load 9 supply capabilities.Bypass section 5 and high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 and 4 bypasses of preparation power supply unit directly connect source power supply 8 and load 9.
[0047] instrumentation outputs to control part 12 with the alternating voltage of transformer 11 mensuration source power supplies 8 with its result.
[0048] control part 12 is controlled the on-off action of bridgt circuit 13 according to from the voltage determination result of instrumentation with the source power supply 8 of transformer 11 outputs, or the charging of converter section 17 or output action.In addition, control part 12 is according to the measurement result of battery output determination part 16, and the charging of control transformation portion 17 is moved.In addition, control part 12 is according to the measurement result of power supply output determination part 20, the output power of control transformation portion 17.
[0049] in addition, control part 12 is by preparing power supply unit 4 to its supply capability, so even when the power supply accidents take place source power supply 8, its action can not be affected yet.In addition, control part 12 is exported the signal of determination part 20 outputs from instrumentation with transformer 11, battery output determination part 16 and power supply in per 1/4 cycle detection.
[0050] bridgt circuit 13 is made of 2 (a pair of) thyristor 13a, 13b and 2 (a pair of) diode 13c, 13d, possesses 2 ac terminal 13a1,13a2 and 2 dc terminal 13d1,13d2 are arranged.Be connected with the anode of thyristor 13a and the negative electrode of thyristor 13b at ac terminal 13a1, be connected with the negative electrode of diode 13c and the anode of diode 13d at ac terminal 13a2.In addition, be connected with the negative electrode of thyristor 13a and the negative electrode of diode 13d, be connected with the anode of thyristor 13b and the anode of diode 13c at dc terminal 13d2 at dc terminal 13d1.In addition, between dc terminal 13d1 and dc terminal 13d2, be connected with direct current reactor 14.In addition, be connected with the input terminal 6 that is connected to source power supply 8, be connected with the lead-out terminal 7 that is connected to load 9 at ac terminal 13a2 at ac terminal 13a1.
[0051] in addition,, ac terminal 13a1 can be connected to lead-out terminal 7, ac terminal 13a2 is connected to input terminal 6 at bridgt circuit 13.
[0052] direct current reactor 14 is used for limiting electric current and flows to source power supply 8 from preparation power supply unit 4 when the power supply accident takes place source power supply 8.
When [0053] battery 15 is stored in source power supply 8 generation power failures or instantaneous reduction, to the electric power (electric energy) of load 9 supplies.
[0054] battery output determination part 16 possesses direct current instrumentation current transformer and direct current instrumentation transformer (not shown), is used for measuring the direct voltage and the direct current of battery 15, and its result is outputed to control part 12.
[0055] converter section 17 possesses charging part is arranged (transducer) 17a and inverter 17b (not shown).Charging part 17a is used for battery 15 is carried out floating charge, according to the control signal from control part 12 outputs alternating current is converted into direct current.In addition, inverter 17b is used for to load 9 supply capabilities, and the control signal according to from control part 12 outputs is converted into alternating current with the direct current that is stored in battery 15.
[0056] in addition, also can be configured to the mode of utilizing charger separate mode (dc switch mode) that battery 15 is charged, in such cases, 17 of converter sections are made of inverter 17b, and charger can independently be set in addition.
[0057] filter circuit 18 possesses reactor 18L and capacitor 18C, becomes high frequency filter, is used for being absorbed in the noise that is produced when inverter internal power device carries out switch.
[0058] transformer 19 is used for making the voltage of source power supply 8, is depressured to the voltage of appointment, or makes the output voltage of inverter 17b boost to the voltage roughly the same with source power supply 8.
[0059] power supply output determination part 20 possesses has the interchange instrumentation to use current transformer 20a and exchange instrumentation transformer 20v, is used for measuring inverter current and load voltage, and its result is outputed to control part 12.
[0060] interrupter 21 is when the safeguarding of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 or during fault etc., via converting closed circuit state to, with uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 bypass, with from 8 pairs of loads of source power supply, 9 direct supply capabilities.
[0061] uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 herein, the impedance of seeing from AC side when running well is roughly zero, only only presents big impedance when accident takes place, and in this way, sets the relation in down slope time constant and system frequency cycle as described below.The diagrammatic representation of Fig. 2 is for the down slope time constant in AC power cycle, with the relation of equiva lent impedance.In the uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 that constitutes according to aforesaid way, the reactor composition and the resistance components of reactor 14, and the down slope time constant that determined of the bridgt circuit 13 that constitutes by a pair of thyristor 13a, 13b and pair of diodes 13c, 13d, with the equiva lent impedance of seeing from system side, as shown in Figure 2, it is big more to have the down slope time constant, the relation that equiva lent impedance is more little.On the one hand, preferably, the circuit impedance during regular event is minimum in addition.General herein selected direct current reactor is electric current own to be suppressed to become 3 times of rated current when the system short-circuit accident.That is, become at bridgt circuit 13 and have 33% the impedance of rated current for the basis.On the one hand, as described above in addition, in common operating condition, preferably, make equiva lent impedance minimum, satisfy 3% of rated current benchmark in the practicality, that is equiva lent impedance shown in Figure 2 requirement below the 0.09pu of the AC impedance shown in the direct current reactor L (=3%/33%).Therefore, the down slope time constant of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 is set in more than 2.5 times of system frequency cycle according to Fig. 2.
[0062] the following describes the detailed construction of control part 12.Fig. 3 is the calcspar of the control part of uninterrupted power supply(ups).Control part 12 possesses and has: voltage detection unit 31, thyristor control part 32, synchronizing signal generating unit 33, turn round and make portion 34, diverter switch 35, PQ calculation portion 36, PQ control part 37, diverter switch 38, battery status detection unit 39, output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave with phase signal and make portion 40 and inverter output control part 41 voluntarily.
[0063] voltage detection unit 31 bases and the corresponding signal of ac voltage of using the source power supply 8 of transformer 11 outputs from instrumentation, set point with appointment, the voltage of judging source power supply 8 is the setting voltage value that is lower than appointment, or still be the setting voltage value of appointment, or restore electricity (Complex Electricity) is the setting voltage value of appointment.Then, the signal corresponding with this result of determination outputed to thyristor control part 32.In addition, take place under the situation of instantaneous reduction or power failure at source power supply 8, the signal of this information is passed in 39 outputs of 31 pairs of battery status detection units of voltage detection unit.
[0064] thyristor control part 32 draws thyristor 13a, the 13b that (scratch start) signal outputs to bridgt circuit 13 according to the signal from 31 outputs of voltage detection unit with the thyristor point, and (point draws, extinguishing arc (extinguishing arc) to control the switching of these thyristors.
[0065] the synchronizing signal generating unit 33, produce to be used for making the output voltage of preparation power supply unit 4 and the synchronous signal of output voltage of source power supply 8, via switch 35 this signal outputed to the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave and make portion 40.Making portion 33 with portion's signal in addition also outputs to this signal to turn round voluntarily and makes portion 34 with phase signal.
[0066] turn round voluntarily and make portion 34 with phase signal, the circuit in that uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 is interrupted between source power supply 8 and the load 9 when turning round voluntarily, is used for making the phase signal of output voltage.In addition, turning round voluntarily makes portion 34 with phase signal, at source power supply 8 just often, according to the signal from synchronizing signal generating unit 33 output, carries out the unified control of phase place with the output voltage of source power supply 8.
[0067] diverter switch 35 is switched according to the switch controlling signal from 31 outputs of voltage detection unit.That is, under the situation after source power supply 8 is resumed power supply for the alternating voltage of normal condition or source power supply 8, switch 35 is switched, make from synchronizing signal generating unit 33 signal to be outputed to the voltage reference sine wave and make portion 40.In addition on the one hand, be lower than at the alternating voltage of source power supply 8 under the situation of setting voltage of appointment, switch 35 is switched, make to make portion 34 from turning round voluntarily with phase signal and signal is outputed to the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave make portion 40.
[0068] PQ calculation portion 36 performs calculations according to inverter current and load voltage that power supply output determination part 20 is measured to, and making to supply with from active power of preparing power supply unit 4 and reactive power becomes zero.
[0069] PQ control part 37 resulting in according to PQ calculation portion 36, make from the phase information and the amplitude information of the alternating voltage (sine wave) of inverter 17b output, via diverter switch 38 these information are outputed to this output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave and make portion 40.
[0070] diverter switch 38 is switched according to the switch controlling signal from 31 outputs of voltage detection unit.That is, under the situation after source power supply 8 restores electricity for the alternating voltage of normal condition or source power supply 8, switch 38 switched to make from 37 pairs of these output voltage baseline sinusoidal waves of PQ control part make portion's 40 output signals.In addition on the one hand, be lower than at the voltage of source power supply 8 under the situation of setting voltage of appointment, switch 38 is switched, do not make this output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave is made portion's 40 output signals.In addition, in the described in the back action specification, illustrated diverter switch the 35, the 38th, the switch of latch-type.
[0071] battery status detection unit 39 judges that according to the direct voltage of the battery of exporting from battery output determination part 16 15 and the measurement result of direct current battery 15 is to need charging or full the charging.Then, make portion 40 at the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave and make the phase information corresponding, this phase information is outputed to inverter output control part 41 with its judged result.In addition, battery status detection unit 39 when at source power supply 8 instantaneous reduction or power failure taking place, during from voltage detection unit 31 output signals, stops the output of phase signal, and the charging of battery 15 is stopped.
[0072] the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion 40 according to the signal from synchronizing signal generating unit 33, PQ control part 37 and 39 outputs of battery status detection unit, or make the signal of portion 34 output with phase signal from turning round voluntarily, make from the phase place of the sine voltage of inverter 17b output and the information of amplitude, this information is outputed to inverter output control part 41.
[0073] inverter output control part 41 is according to the signal that makes portion's 40 outputs from the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave, output is in order to the electric power signal of control from the inverter 17b of converter section 17 output, or to the control signal of charger 17a output in order to battery 15 is charged.
[0074] mainly is used for illustrating the action of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 below according to Fig. 3, Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is a skeleton diagram, is used for illustrating the action of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1.Uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 is with commercial supply power mode often, to the load supply capability, but is taking place to have a power failure or during instantaneous reduction, can compensate incessantly.
[0075] just often (during commercial the power supply)
The power supply accident at source power supply 8 just often that is does not take place at source power supply 8 in uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, does not have instantaneous reduction or has a power failure when taking place, not from 4 pairs of load supply capabilities of preparation power supply unit, only from source power supply 8 supply capabilities.
[0076] in uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, shown in Fig. 4 (A), the thyristor 13a of high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 and thyristor 13b are controlled so as to and are the closed circuit state of a little drawing, from source power supply 8 via 3 pairs of load 9 supply capabilities of high speed current limliting discontinuities.
[0077] at the direct current reactor 14 of high speed current limliting discontinuities 3, because often there is the electric current of equidirectional to flow, so the impedance of direct current reactor 14 appears as zero, the impedance of seeing from ac terminal 13a1,13a2 side is zero.
[0078] preparation power supply unit 4 be controlled so as to source power supply 8 just often, not to load 9 supply capabilities.That is, control (hereinafter referred to as PQ control) at preparation power supply unit 4, make the active power P of load 9 supplies and the either party of reactive power Q are zero.In addition, the converter section 17 at preparation power supply unit 4 carries out: direct voltage is controlled, and is used for carrying out the floating charge of battery 15; With output voltage control, be used for exporting and source power supply 8 same-phase/roughly with the voltage of amplitude.
[0079] the following describes each action partly of just often control part 12.At control part 12, use the signal of transformer 11 outputs from instrumentation according to per 1/4 cycle detection of above-mentioned mode.Voltage detection unit 31 is under the situation of common state at voltage, the signal that output is switched diverter switch 35, and the signal that synchronizing signal generating unit 33 is exported outputs to the voltage reference sine wave and makes portion 34.In addition, 31 outputs of voltage detection unit make diverter switch 38 switch the signal of usefulness, and output is from the signal of PQ control part 37.In addition, voltage detection unit 31 is judged to be under the situation that battery 15 is not a fully charged state at battery status detection unit 39, for battery 15 is charged, to battery status detection unit 39 output signals.In addition, 32 outputs of 31 pairs of thyristor control parts of voltage detection unit make the thyristor 13a of bridgt circuit 13, the signal that 13b becomes ON.Thyristor control part 32 is when detecting this signal, and output thyristor point draws signal.In addition, at source power supply 8 just often, thyristor 13a, 13b are often become a little draw state (ON state).
[0080] (PQ control)
At control part 12, when carrying out above-mentioned PQ control, be zero for making active power P and reactive power Q that load 9 is supplied with, to make the electric current that outputs to load 9 from preparation power supply unit 4 be zero so control.Fig. 5 is the equivalent electric circuit and the polar plot of uninterrupted power supply(ups).In Fig. 5 (A), the output voltage of establishing source power supply 8 is V1, and the voltage of establishing preparation power supply unit 4 is V2, and the voltage of establishing load 9 is VL, and the reactor of establishing source power supply 8 sides is x1, and the reactor of establishing preparation power supply unit 4 is x2.In addition, electric current I 1 flows to preparation power supply unit 4 from source power supply 8, and electric current I 2 flows to load 9 from preparation power supply unit 4, and electric current I 3 flows to load 9 from source power supply 8.In addition, in the following description, V ∠ θ V is called voltage vector V, I ∠ θ I is called current vector I.
[0081] under the identical situation of the voltage vector VL of voltage vector V2 for preparing power supply unit 4 and load voltage, electric current can not flow to load 9 from preparation power supply unit 4.In addition, in this kind situation, it is identical and direction is opposite to make current vector I1 and current vector I2 become size.Under the situation that can satisfy these relations, the relation of each vector becomes shown in Fig. 5 (B).In addition, in the figure, voltage vector V (x1+x2) is the addition of the voltage vector Vx2 of the voltage vector Vx1 of reactor x1 and reactor x2.
[0082] PQ calculation portion 36 is for satisfying above-mentioned relation, according to inverter current and the load voltage that power supply output determination part 20 is measured to, calculation active power P and reactive power Q.Then, PQ control part 37 is calculated the designated value Δ θ of correction from the phase place of the sine voltage of inverter 17b output for making active power P=0.In addition,, calculate designated value Δ A, be used for revising amplitude from the sine voltage of inverter 17b output for making reactive power Q=0.Then, PQ control part 37 outputs to this output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave with the information of the Δ θ that calculated and Δ A and makes portion 34.
[0083] the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion 34 according to the signal from output such as PQ control part 37 grades, makes baseline sinusoidal wave.Only making under the sinusoidal wave situation according to the signal from 37 outputs of PQ control part, the sine voltage that inverter 17b is exported is:
V2=(A+ Δ A) sin (ω t+ Δ θ) ... (formula 1).
Therefore, the output voltage V 2 of inverter 17b can make the electric power that supplies to load 4 from preparation power supply unit 4 become zero shown in following formula.
[0084] in addition, in order to revise from the phase place of the voltage V2 of preparation power supply unit 4 outputs
The relation of Δ θ and active power P, and in order to revising from the Δ A of the amplitude of the voltage V2 of preparation power supply unit 4 outputs and the relation of reactive power Q, performing calculations according to the impedance of the impedance of the source power supply 8 that is connected to uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 or uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 can be easy to try to achieve.
[0085] (charging control)
In addition, at control part 12, carry out the charging control of battery 15 as above-mentioned mode ground.That is battery status detection unit 39 judges according to the direct voltage of the battery of exporting from battery output determination part 16 15 and the measurement result of direct current whether battery 15 needs charging, or not full charging.Under need situation to battery 15 charging, make phase information, make battery status detection unit 39 so that electric current flows to battery 15 from the charger 17a of converter section 17, battery 15 is charged.Utilize the information of the phase signal that battery status detection unit 39 makes, output to this output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave and make portion 40, be used as correction and use from the signal of the phase place of the sine voltage of inverter 17b output.In addition on the one hand, under the situation of battery 15 for full charging, battery status detection unit 39 does not make phase signal, the information of phase signal is not outputed to this output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave and makes portion 40.
[0086] in addition, under the situation of utilizing the charger separate mode that battery 15 is charged, do not need this control.
[0087] (pre-stand-by power source output Balance Control)
In addition, when instantaneous reduction takes place or has a power failure in control part 12, export the phase/amplitude of output voltage waveforms all less than the voltage that is offset in order to make from preparation power supply unit 4, so control the output voltage phase/amplitude that makes preparation power supply unit 4, synchronous with the phase/amplitude of the output voltage of source power supply 8.The alternating voltage measurement result of the source power supply 8 that synchronizing signal generating unit 33 is exported with transformer 11 according to instrumentation via diverter switch 35, outputs to the voltage reference sine wave with the information of the phase/amplitude of the output voltage of source power supply 8 and makes portion 40.The output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion 40 according to the information from 33 outputs of synchronizing signal generating unit, revises from the phase place of the sine wave of inverter 17b output.
[0088] according to this kind mode, at source power supply 8 just often, utilize control part 12 to carry out the control of aforesaid way, the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion's 40 bases from the amplitude of synchronizing signal generating unit 33, PQ control part 37 and battery status detection unit 39 or the update information of phase place, make from the phase place of the sine voltage of inverter 17b output and the information of amplitude, this information is outputed to inverter output control part 41.In addition, converter section 17 moves according to the signal from 41 outputs of inverter output control part.
[0089] (B) when accident takes place
The power supply accident takes place at source power supply 8 in uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, produces under the situation of instantaneous reduction or power failure, from preparing power supply unit 4 supply capability incessantly.That is, shown in Fig. 4 (B),, supply with the electric energy that is stored in the battery 15 as voltage source to accident point supplying electric current (output voltage control) with to load 9 immediately at preparation power supply unit 4.When utilizing accident test section 2 to detect instantaneous reduction or having a power failure, just thyristor 13a, the 13b to high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 exports interrupt signal.At this moment,, stop PQ control, be used for stopping the charging of battery 15 at preparation power supply unit 4.
[0090] load voltage VL becomes the voltage that dividing potential drop determined by direct current reactor 14 and AC reactor 18L.That is, be Vs establishing cell voltage, the impedance of establishing direct current reactor 14 is Z1, and the impedance of establishing AC reactor 18L is under the situation of Z2, and load voltage VL is:
VL=Z1/ (Z1+Z2) * Vs... (formula 2).
[0091] (accident generation)
In uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, the power supply accident of reduction of the instantaneous voltage of per 1/4 cycle detection source power supply or power failure etc.In addition, at source power supply just often, to carry out carrying out PQ control from the mode of preparation power supply unit 4 supply capabilities.In addition on the one hand, when the power supply accident is arranged, for can be incessantly to load 9 and accident point supply capability, so carry out control described below from preparing power supply unit 4.
Each action partly of control part 12 when [0092] the following describes the accident generation.Fig. 6 is the output voltage waveforms and the control timing figure of uninterrupted power supply(ups).From source power supply 8 outputs sine voltage shown in Figure 6.Use the signal of transformer 11 outputs from instrumentation with per 1/4 cycle detection of above-mentioned mode at control part 12.As shown in Figure 6, the instantaneous reduction or the power failure ((2) shown in Figure 6) of (interior during the t1) till voltage detection unit 31 detects from the generation ((1) shown in Figure 6) of instantaneous reduction or power failure to the longest 1/4 circulation (situation of 50Hz is 5msec) back.
[0093] in uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, in when, instantaneous reduction taking place or having a power failure when, accident point and load 9 from 4 pairs of source power supplies 8 of preparation power supply unit, begin supply capability immediately, continuous supply capability, the response of PQ control is set in 10msec～number 100msec, becomes the long time in cycle of detecting the power supply accident of source power supply than control part 12.Therefore, even instantaneous voltage reduction accident or power outage are arranged, because the response of PQ control can not immediate answer, so continue to carry out PQ control with same system condition before taking place with accident at source power supply.At this moment, the side in that system side (source power supply 8 sides) has an accident carries out PQ control because with accident preceding system condition takes place, so can not correctly carry out PQ control.That is, can not correctly carry out PQ control in the mode that does not have load current to flow, cause from the electric current of 4 pairs of systems of preparation power supply unit and flow.In the present invention, utilize electric current at this moment, use the dividing potential drop effect of direct current reactor 14 and AC reactor 18L, load 9 is continued supply capability.
[0094] according to this kind mode, even the power supply accident when taking place in preparation power supply unit 4, because during long, do not carry out the control just often same with power supply, so do not make active power P and reactive power Q that load 9 is supplied with become zero control, can begin power supply to be supplied with the accident point and load 9 supply capabilities of source power supply 8 immediately from pre-stand-by power source.
[0095] at this moment, flow because have, so load voltage VL becomes the voltage that dividing potential drop determined by direct current reactor 14 and AC reactor 18L from the accident point of 4 pairs of source power supplies 8 of preparation power supply unit and the electric current of load 9.Therefore, when the allowable voltage reduction rate to load 9 is A%, when the impedance of AC reactor 18L was Z2, the impedance Z 1 of direct current reactor 14 can be set became greater than (100Z2)/A, was used for making the voltage that outputs to load 9 from preparation power supply unit 4 to become value greater than allowable voltage reduction rate.
[0096] for example, be under 10% the situation in allowable voltage reduction rate to load 9, via being set, the ratio of the impedance Z 1 of the impedance Z 2 of AC reactor 18L and direct current reactor 14 becomes Z1: Z2=10: 1, and can make from preparation power supply unit 4 is below 10% towards the reduced rate of the voltage of load 9 outputs.
[0097] (accident detection)
Uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 stops PQ control ((3) shown in Figure 6) when accident detects.In addition, after stopping this PQ control, carry out from preparation power supply unit 4 supply capabilities.
[0098] the voltage detection unit 31 of control part 12 makes the signal of portion 34 with turning round voluntarily with phase signal when detecting the power supply accident, outputs to the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave and makes portion 40, exports the signal that diverter switch 35 is switched in this way.
[0099] in addition, voltage detection unit 31 stops to prepare the PQ control of power supply unit 4, for from 4 pairs of load supply capabilities of preparation power supply unit, exports the signal that diverter switch 38 is switched.Utilize this kind mode, stop to make portion's 40 outputs towards the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave from the signal of PQ control part 37.
[0100] in addition, 31 pairs of battery status detection unit 39 output signals of voltage detection unit are used for stopping the charging of battery 15.In addition, the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion 40 according to making the signal (phase information) of portion's 34 outputs with phase signal from turning round voluntarily, makes sine voltage, to inverter output control part 41 output signals.Therefore, for the accident point and the load 9 of source power supply 8, continue supply capability from preparation power supply unit 4.
[0101] voltage detection unit 31 is when detecting instantaneous reduction or having a power failure, and except above-mentioned action, 32 outputs are used for making thyristor 13a, the 13b of bridgt circuit 13 to become the signal of OFF (extinguishing arc) to the thyristor control part.When thyristor control part 32 detects this signal, stop the output that the thyristor point draws signal.But thyristor 13a, 13b do not become OFF when load current is non-vanishing, so after the point that thyristor control part 32 stops to export thyristor draws several msec that signal rises, carry out extinguishing arc ((4) shown in Figure 6).Therefore, as shown in Figure 6, during till instantaneous reduction or power failure take place play the thyristor extinguishing arc (=t1+t2), need the longest 1/2 circulation (situation at 50Hz is 10msec), but during when accident takes place till the accident of detecting, from the preparation supply unit with incessantly to load and accident point supply capability.
[0102] in addition, in PQ control is to make load current become zero control, but often drive inverter 17b, therefore according to above-mentioned mode, consistent with the voltage-phase of inverter 17b by the voltage-phase that makes system's (source power supply 8) in advance, the output voltage phase place from preparation power supply unit 4 after the power supply accident is taken place is continuous.
[0103] (C) when compensation
When thyristor 13a, the 13b of high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 by extinguishing arc, when the circuit between source power supply 8 and the load 9 is interrupted, shown in Fig. 4 (C), from preparation power supply unit 4 with 100% voltage, only to load 9 supply capabilities, to compensate instantaneous reduction/power failure.
Each of control part 12 when [0104] the following describes compensation action partly.At control part 12, carry out control same when taking place with accident.That is, at control part 12, the signal that voltage detection unit 31 is exported with transformer 11 from instrumentation according to per 1/4 cycle detection of above-mentioned mode.Voltage detection unit 31 detects this instantaneous reduction or power failure, not to diverter switch 35,38, battery status detection unit 39 and thyristor control part 32 output signals during source power supply 8 instantaneous reductions of generation or power failure.Therefore, diverter switch 35 is kept and is made the signal of portion 34 with phase signal with turning round voluntarily, outputs to the state that the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion 40, and diverter switch 38 is kept the state of rice from the signal of PQ control part 37 of not exporting.In addition, battery status detection unit 39 is because continue to stop the charging of battery 15, so output signal not, the point that thyristor control part 32 is not exported thyristor yet draws signal.Therefore, the output voltage baseline sinusoidal wave makes portion 40 makes sine voltage according to the signal (phase information) that makes portion's 34 outputs with phase signal from turning round voluntarily waveform, signal is outputed to inverter output control part 41, continue only from 4 pairs of load 9 supply capabilities of preparation power supply unit.
[0105] (D) when restoring electricity
In the power supply accident of eliminating source power supply 8, situation about restoring electricity, in uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, as according to the illustrated mode of Fig. 4 (A), the thyristor 13a and the thyristor 13b of high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 all are controlled in the closed circuit state of a little drawing,, stop via 3 pairs of load 9 supply capabilities of high speed current limliting discontinuities from source power supply 8 from preparation power supply unit 4 supply capabilities.
[0106] herein, under the situation that source power supply has an accident, can supply with the electric power of necessity in during long to load from the preparation supply unit.But, continue a state, when through after the regular hour, because the voltage of the DC power supply of preparation supply unit reduces, so can not supply with the electric power of necessity to load from 1 pair of load 9 supply capability of uninterrupted power supply(ups).Therefore can make system construction be: will promptly be connected to load with power supply as the backup of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 with generator.Fig. 7 is connected with urgent skeleton diagram with generator in uninterrupted power supply(ups).As shown in Figure 7, load 9 is connected uninterrupted power supply(ups)s 1 and at the input terminal 6 of this uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 power-supply system diverter switch 52 is set, can switch source power supply 8 and urgent being connected with generator 51.
[0107] this power failure compensating system moves in mode described below.At first, when in system side generation power supply accident, from the preparation power supply unit 4 of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, according to mode discussed above, to load 9 supply capabilities.In addition, after the accident of system side takes place, the fixed time before can not supplying with sufficient electric power, make this urgent with generator 51 startings from 4 pairs of loads of preparation power supply unit 9.Then, control part 12 outputs to power-supply system diverter switch 52 with control signal, makes urgent generator 51 startings of using, and in the stable moment of action, it is urgent with generator 51 sides that power-supply system diverter switch 52 is switched to.
[0108] control part 12 of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 utilizes instrumentation to monitor urgent phase place with generator 51 outputs with transformer 11, so that the output of preparation power supply unit 4 and the urgent synchronous mode of output with generator 51, control transformation portion 17.Control part 12 is when the output of preparation power supply unit 4 and the output of promptly using generator 51 are synchronous, and point draws the thyristor 13a and the thyristor 13b of high speed current limliting discontinuities 3, and via high speed current limliting discontinuities 3, urgent urgently needed generator 51 feeds electrical power to load 9.In addition, the action of control part 12 these switching parts 17 of switching at this moment stops from 4 pairs of load 9 supply capabilities of preparation power supply unit the charging of beginning battery 15.In addition, 51 pairs of loads of urgent urgently needed generator 9 carry out supply capability during, can also set for to the preparation power supply unit 4 battery 15 charge.
[0109] under the situation that the power supply accident of eliminating source power supply 8 restores electricity, the action that 12 couples of thyristor 13a of control part and thyristor 13b carry out extinguishing arc and switch this switching part 17 is from 4 pairs of load supply capabilities of preparation power supply unit.In addition, the output of the power supply unit 4 of control preparation at this moment becomes with urgent output with generator 51 synchronous.Then, control part 12 outputs to power-supply system diverter switch 52 with control signal, makes switch switch to source power supply 8 sides.Control part 12 utilizes instrumentation transformer 11 to monitor the output phase of source power supply 8, so that prepare the output of power supply unit 4 and the synchronous mode of output of source power supply 8, control transformation portion 17.When the output of output for preparing power supply unit 4 and source power supply 8 was synchronous, 12 of control parts drew the thyristor 13a and the thyristor 13b of high speed current limliting discontinuities 3, via high speed current limliting discontinuities 3, from 8 pairs of load 9 supply capabilities of source power supply.In addition, the action of control part 12 these switching parts 17 of switching at this moment stops from 4 pairs of load 9 supply capabilities of preparation power supply unit, and the charging of beginning battery 15 becomes state just often.
[0110],, can not before the sufficient electric power of 4 pairs of loads of preparation power supply unit, 9 supplies,, use supply capability, so can continue supply capability stably for load 9 because make urgent generator 51 startings of using in the voltage reduction of battery 15 according to this kind mode.
[0111] in addition, promptly also the circuit of fixing time can be set with generator 51, the circuit from the high speed current limliting discontinuities 3 of uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1 is interrupted between source power supply 8 and the load 9 should promptly start with generator 51 after the process fixed time.Utilize this kind mode, become below the designated value in the supply capability of preparing power supply unit 4, before can not supplying with needed electric power to load 9, can urgent urgently needed generator 51 supply capabilities.
[0112] in addition, in the above description, illustrated situation is in uninterrupted power supply(ups) 1, uses the DC power supply and the battery (storage battery) of preparation power supply unit 4, and kind mode that still the present invention is not limited thereto also can be used other parts.For example, also can use electric double layer (electric two double-layers) capacitor or capacitor etc. as DC power supply.In addition, also can use flywheel type permanent-magnet generator as power supply.

Claims (5)

1. uninterrupted power supply(ups), it is characterized in that: possessing has:
The accident checkout gear is with the instantaneous voltage reduction accident and the power outage of certain accident sense cycle detection source power supply;
High speed current limliting interrupting device, possess to have and comprise the single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit that makes the speed-sensitive switch that opens and closes to the circuit of load supply capability from above-mentioned source power supply, and be connected direct current reactor between 2 dc terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit, at above-mentioned source power supply just often, from above-mentioned source power supply to load via above-mentioned direct current reactor supply capability, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detected the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, above-mentioned speed-sensitive switch interrupted from the circuit of above-mentioned source power supply to the load supply capability; With
The preparation supply unit, possesses the filter circuit that is connected in series, inverter and DC power supply, wherein above-mentioned filter circuit comprises AC reactor, have an accident just often and from above-mentioned source power supply till beginning to above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply at above-mentioned source power supply, carrying out PQ control makes active power and the reactive power above-mentioned load supplied with from above-mentioned inverter all become zero, after the accident of described source power supply takes place, interrupt from above-mentioned source power supply till the circuit of load supply capability until above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, the conversion of above-mentioned inverter is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply to load and accident point supply capability incessantly, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, stop above-mentioned PQ control, above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply when the circuit of load supply capability, and above-mentioned inverter conversion is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply only to above-mentioned load supply capability;
The response time of above-mentioned PQ control is configured to longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of above-mentioned accident checkout gear.
2. uninterrupted power supply(ups) according to claim 1 wherein, is made as A% in the allowable voltage reduction rate to above-mentioned load, and when the impedance of above-mentioned AC reactor was made as Z, the impedance of above-mentioned direct current reactor was set at (100Z)/more than the A.
3. uninterrupted power supply(ups) according to claim 1 and 2 wherein, possesses control device is arranged, and is used for controlling the output voltage of above-mentioned preparation supply unit and the output voltage of above-mentioned source power supply becomes same-phase, same amplitude.
4. uninterrupted power supply(ups) according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, above-mentioned speed-sensitive switch is a pair of thyristor, in 2 ac terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit at least one connects above-mentioned a pair of thyristor, 1 in 2 ac terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit is connected to above-mentioned source power supply, and 1 is connected to load in addition.
5. a power failure compensating system is characterized in that: possess uninterrupted power supply(ups) is arranged, promptly use generator and switch;
Uninterrupted power supply(ups), it has:
The accident checkout gear is with the instantaneous voltage reduction accident and the power outage of certain accident sense cycle detection source power supply;
High speed current limliting interrupting device, possess to have and comprise the single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit that makes the speed-sensitive switch that opens and closes to the circuit of load supply capability from above-mentioned source power supply, and be connected direct current reactor between 2 dc terminals of above-mentioned single-phase rectifier bridgt circuit, at above-mentioned source power supply just often, from above-mentioned source power supply to load via above-mentioned direct current reactor supply capability, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detected the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, above-mentioned speed-sensitive switch interrupted from the circuit of above-mentioned source power supply to the load supply capability; With
The preparation supply unit, possesses the filter circuit that is connected in series, inverter and DC power supply, wherein above-mentioned filter circuit comprises AC reactor, have an accident just often and from above-mentioned source power supply till beginning to above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply at above-mentioned source power supply, carrying out PQ control makes active power and the reactive power above-mentioned load supplied with from above-mentioned inverter all become zero, after the accident of described source power supply takes place, interrupt from above-mentioned source power supply till the circuit of load supply capability until above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, the conversion of above-mentioned inverter is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply to load and accident point supply capability incessantly, when above-mentioned accident checkout gear detects the accident of above-mentioned source power supply, stop above-mentioned PQ control, when above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply during to the circuit of load supply capability, above-mentioned inverter conversion is stored in electric power in the above-mentioned DC power supply only to above-mentioned load supply capability; And that the response time of above-mentioned PQ control is configured to is longer than the accident sense cycle of the source power supply of above-mentioned accident checkout gear; And
The urgent generator of using interrupts from above-mentioned source power supply after the circuit of load supply capability at above-mentioned high speed current limliting interrupting device, and above-mentioned preparation supply unit can not start before the load supply capability; And
Switch makes above-mentioned load and above-mentioned source power supply or above-mentionedly promptly is connected with generator, and can switch connection.
CNB2005800093081A 2004-03-29 2005-03-29 Uninterruptible power supply apparatus and power failure compensating system Expired - Fee Related CN100452612C (en)

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