CN100464599C - 适应性调制及编码技术的动态信道品质测量 - Google Patents

适应性调制及编码技术的动态信道品质测量 Download PDF

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CN100464599C
CN100464599C CNB028098765A CN02809876A CN100464599C CN 100464599 C CN100464599 C CN 100464599C CN B028098765 A CNB028098765 A CN B028098765A CN 02809876 A CN02809876 A CN 02809876A CN 100464599 C CN100464599 C CN 100464599C
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base station
channel quality
configuration
radio resource
downlink
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CN1554199A (zh
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史蒂芬·E·泰利
史蒂芬·G·迪克
詹姆斯·M·米勒
爱尔戴德·莱尔
艾利拉·莱尔
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Apple Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/543—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria based on requested quality, e.g. QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/542—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using measured or perceived quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/24—Monitoring; Testing of receivers with feedback of measurements to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/382—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels for resource allocation, admission control or handover
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0026—Transmission of channel quality indication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0023—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff characterised by the signalling
    • H04L1/0027—Scheduling of signalling, e.g. occurrence thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/56—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on priority criteria
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0002—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate
    • H04L1/0003—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the transmission rate by switching between different modulation schemes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/0001—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff
    • H04L1/0009—Systems modifying transmission characteristics according to link quality, e.g. power backoff by adapting the channel coding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management

Abstract

一种无线数字通信方法，用于一基站与多个用户设备移动终端之间的通信，并使用适应性调制编码以达成改善的无线资源使用效率，并提供用户服务的最佳数据速率。下行链路数据区块被基站接收，其仅要求来自具有处理中的下行链路传输的移动终端的下行链路信道品质测量。这些用户设备藉由测量并回报DL信道品质至基站而响应该请求，其随后配置资源，因此这些用户设备将具有无线资源的最佳使用。该基站，于该用户设备所传输的下行链路数据区块的传输之后，指示调制/编码速率及被配置的时隙的物理信道配置至这些用户设备。

Description

适应性调制及编码技术的动态信道品质测量
技术领域
本发明关于无线通信系统。尤其是，本发明是关于使用码分多址(code-division multiple access，CDMA)技术的通信站。本发明特别是关于决定用于有效利用无线资源使用率及选择用户服务的数据速率的无线状况。
背景技术
于码分多址第三代(3G)蜂窝通信系统中，适应性调制及编码技术(adaptive modulation and coding，AM&C)被应用于传输以便达成改善的无线资源使用率，并在适当的状况下提供增加的用户服务数据速率。这些AM&C技术预先将无线传输状况列入考虑，以便决定从使用这些技术的目前无线传播情况中获得有益的调制及编码速率。
在使用这些AM&C技术时，需要在每个传输之前，从接收器提供物理信道品质测量的程序。基于此品质测量，传输器决定特定传输的适合的调制及编码速率。
于CDMA系统中，如同以任何无线系统，无线状况可能因为自然或人为状况二者的广泛变化而快速改变。因为信道品质测量被用以决定传输调制及编码，且因为传输路径的情况改变所产生的信道品质的快速改变，适应性传输处理是直接与信道品质测量的时间与传输开始的时间之间的时间周期长度有关。
物理或逻辑控制信道随后被用以将信道品质测量从接收器传输至传输器。信道品质讯号可以使用对每一用户设备(user equipment，UE)专用的控制信道或由所有UEs共享的共享控制信道。UE可以是蜂窝式话机(cell phone)，PDA(个人数据助理)或其它型态的无线装置。当专用控制信道被使用时，一连续讯号信道为每一UE的信道品质测量的传播而超时存在。此为AM&C的理想解决方案，因为品质测量持续的存在。考虑适当的调制及编码设定用的持续存在的品质测量，传输可以在任何时候发生。因此，以专用控制信道总是存在于上行连结(uplink)的方式，信道可以被用以支持低速率上行连结数据传输。
使用专用控制信道方法的困难在于，即使在没有数据传输的时候仍持续配置物理层资源。AM&C技术的主要应用是非实时高数据速率服务，例如，网际网络存取。为这些服务的等级，最佳的服务品质(QoS)以短的，具相当长的传输之间的闲置周期而达成。这些长的闲置周期产生专用资源使用的低效能。这限制能够存取服务的用户数目。
此问题可以藉由预先规划周期的专用信道配置而被降至最小。但产生品质测量的周期性的存在。如果品质测量未连续存在，对于在任意时间产生传输的UEs而言，只有某些UEs将具有最近的信道品质测量，因此UE传输的选择将变为次佳。
另一方式是共享控制信道的使用。以共享控制信道的使用，存在一个由小区内所有UEs共享的连续讯号信道。决定每一UE对共同控制信道存取的程序被定义。UE识别被用以区分特定的业务。
支持AM&C的共同控制方法的困难在于测量每一UEs对控制信道存取所需的大量的讯号经常性开销。如前所述，UE识别是需要的以便区分UE特别的业务。因此，为避免对上行连结共享控制信道的以竞争为基础的存取，在下行链路(downlink)共享控制信道上的每一UEs存取的个别配置需要发讯号。因为上行连结并非总是可预期的，上行连结控制信道的周期性配置必须在下行链路控制信道上发讯号，其产生相相当的发讯号的经常性开销。同时，共享控制方法不提供低速率，上行连结数据传输。
综合言之，AM&C技术的效率主要是基于事先来自接收器的每一传输器的最近物理信道品质测量的效益。较佳者，测量以具有动态数据传输的所有用户的最小延迟而存在。此专用控制信道解决方法提供连续的测量，但因为传输是不连续的，这对无线资源的使用是没有效率的。周期性设计的专用控制信道使无线资源需求为最少，但这增加了测量的延迟。共同控制信道方法可以在连续或周期基础上提供测量，但使讯号标记的经常性开销产生无线资源的无效率使用。
需要能够提供具有低延迟及低讯号标记经常性开销的方法。
附图说明
本发明的目的基于所附详细说描述及图式而变得更清楚，其中：
图1是本发明较佳的动态信道品质测量程序(dynamic channel qualitymanagement procedure，DCQMP)的流程图。
图2表示图1所示的本发明的DCQMP的另一实施例。
具体实施方式
所示的较佳实施例于下文参照所附图式而被描述，其中相同的标号始终代表相同的组件。
图1是本发明动态信道品质(channel quality，CQ)测量程序60的流程图，其可藉由具有与至少一UE30通信的基站/点B(以下称基站12)无线数字通信系统实施。虽然所呈现的发明方法意于支持一基站与多个UEs之间的通信，为简要说明之故，以下的描述将详细说明由单一UE所执行的步骤，可了解的是所有其它UEs将以相同方式运作。
下行链路(DL)数据被传输至指定给一特定UE 30的基站12(步骤S1)。
基站12响应下行链路数据的接收并于传输的UE 30之前要求仅来自具有未决的向下传输之一UE 30的DL CQ测量(步骤S2)。
UE30在步骤S3接收该要求并于步骤S4回报该DL CQ测量至基站12。
基于从每一UE接收的CQ测量报告(步骤S5)，基站12决定那一UEs将具有最佳的无线资源使用效率，并决定使用那一时隙(slot)(步骤S6)。较佳者，此UEs藉由其CQ而被排列优先次序，因此，具有最高CQ的UE首先被传送数据，然后具有第二高CQ的UE接着被传送其数据，依此类推，直到具有最低CQ的UE的数据最后被传送为止。
因为CQ测量要求及响应的CQ报告只在需要时产生，共享控制信道所需的讯号发送经常性开销可大幅降低。测量报告为所有活动中的传输用户而存在，类似专用控制信道，但避免了在闲置周期中的资源的无效率使用。
传输的优先次序依据DL CQ测量而决定，且DL物理信道配置发讯号至适合的UEs，指示特定的编码速率，调制型态及配置时隙(步骤S7)。被指定的UE接收该编码速率，调制型态及配置时隙(步骤S8)，并设定这些接收用的参数(步骤S9)。
在步骤S7的执行后一预定但短的时间后，下行链路数据的区块随后由基站12传送至被指定的UE 30(步骤S10)，以致能UE 30的接收用的时间设定。UE 30在特定的编码速率，调制型态以及于步骤S7所指定的配置时隙中接收下行链路数据。
本发明因此提供AM&C运作所需的基础需求而维持对无线资源最有效的使用。因为DL CQ测量以所有传输的最小的可能延迟而存在，于下一传输时间框中被提供服务之一或多位用户的选择可以达到最佳。此外，由周期性或连续机制提供的测量不提供比本发明增加的利益，效能增益或加强。
本发明的实施也使测量程序处理及相关的消耗功率为最少，对一般由限制容量的小功率(亦即，一充电电池)所供电的UE尤其重要。因为品质测量仅为一特定的活动传输而被要求，所需的测量的数目可被降至最小。
依据图2所示的本发明另一实施例的方法70，仅需特定数量的测量，依据一特定传输所使用的无线资源而定。例如，在3G标准中，仅要求特定物理时隙的CQ。因此，藉由限制CQ测量的需求于活动传输以及，依据传输的尺寸，仅需特定无线资源(亦即，特定的时隙)上的测量，所执行的测量的数目可以降低。这被表示于图2，其类似图1，除了修改的步骤S2A及S3A之外，其分别取代图1的步骤S2与S3。在步骤2A，基站12要求UE 30执行仅于一特定无线资源上执行测量。响应该要求，UE在特定的无线资源上执行DL CQ测量(步骤S3A)。
本发明在习知技术上提供许多优点。首先，本发明提供空中接口的最高效率的使用，因为只有那些具有未完成传输的UEs将需要响应DL CQ测量的请求。这允许发讯号的经常性开销为最小。
其次，因为传输是依据最高品质DL CQ测量而被排安排优先次序，每一时隙或多时隙的可允许的最高数据速率将可被达到。
第三，因为UEs仅需响应DL CQ测量的请求，将不需要UEs所不需要的测量，藉此节省UEs电池寿命。
本发明的最后优点在于此处所揭示的方法的小区中所能支持的用户数目的增加。被支持的用户的数目于专用控制信道方法中被专用无线资源的需求所限制；而于共享控制信道方法中被发讯号的经常性开销需求所限制。藉由限制对活动用户的测量发讯号程序，本发明使共享控制的发讯号经常性开销为最小并支持小区中最多的用户数目。
虽然本发明以最佳实施例而被描述，其它落入如权利要求中所描述的本发明范围的变化对熟悉本技艺的人士而言将是明显的。

Claims (23)

1.一种在包括一基站及多个移动终端的无线数字通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用及调整数据速率的方法，该方法包括步骤：
(a)该基站，在接收传输到至少一该移动终端的下行链路数据区块时，传输信道品质测量的请求至该移动终端；
(b)该至少一移动终端接收该请求；
(c)该至少一移动终端测量并回报该下行链路信道品质至该基站；
(d)响应从该至少一移动终端接收的该信道品质测量，该基站配置该无线资源，所述配置包括调制型态，编码速率及时隙信息；
(e)该基站依据该配置传输下行链路数据区块至该至少一移动终端。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，更包括下列步骤：该至少一移动终端，响应该配置的接收，依据该配置准备下行链路数据的接收。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中步骤(a)更包括该基站指示该测量用的特定时隙。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其中步骤(c)更包括该基站指出该至少一移动终端已被配置那些时隙以便传输至该基站。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中步骤(c)更包括该基站指示这些已配置的时隙被该至少一移动终端使用。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中该至少一移动终端依据该配置藉该基站而接收一传输。
7.一种在包括一基站及多个移动终端的无线数字通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用及调整数据速率的方法，该方法包括步骤：
(a)该基站，在接收预定数目的这些移动终端的预期的下行链路数据区块时，传输信道品质测量的请求至这些移动终端；
(b)该预定的移动终端执行该请求的测量；
(c)该预定的移动终端传输该信道品质至该基站；
(d)响应从回报下行链路信道品质的该预定的移动终端所接收的信道品质测量数据，该基站决定该预定移动终端的较佳者能够达成无线资源的最佳使用；以及
(e)该基站配置将被这些较佳移动终端使用的时隙。
8.一种在包括一基站及多个移动终端的无线数字通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用及调整数据速率的方法，该方法包括步骤：
(a)该基站，于接收预定数目的这些移动终端的预期的下行链路数据区块时，传输信道品质测量的请求至这些移动终端；
(b)响应从回报下行链路信道品质的该预定的移动终端所接收的信道品质测量，该基站决定该预定移动终端的较佳者能够达成无线资源的最佳使用；以及
(c)该基站依据该信道品质测量数据及可用的传输至该预定的移动终端的下行链路数据的量而配置预定数目的时隙予该较佳的移动终端。
9.一种在包括一基站及多个用户设备的无线数字通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用及调整数据速率的方法，该方法包括步骤：
(a)该基站，在接收传输到至少一该用户设备的下行链路数据区块时，传输信道品质测量的请求至该用户设备；
(b)该至少一用户设备接收该请求；
(c)该至少一用户设备测量该下行链路信道品质；
(d)该至少一用户设备回报该下行链路信道品质至该基站；
(e)响应从该至少一用户设备接收的该信道品质测量，该用户设备配置该无线资源，所述配置步骤包括调制型态，编码速率及时隙信息；
(f)该基站依据该配置传输至该至少一用户设备。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中步骤(a)更包括该基站指示该信道品质测量用的特定所需的时隙。
11.如权利要求9所述的方法，更包括下列步骤：该用户设备，响应该配置的接收，依据该配置准备下行链路数据的接收。
12.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中步骤(e)包括该基站传输该配置给该用户设备。
13.如权利要求9所述的方法，其中该步骤(c)包括该基站从最高信道品质至最低信道品质而排列这些用户设备的优先次序，并首先配置时隙给回报最高信道品质的用户设备。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，其中该用户设备依据该配置自该基站接收一传输。
15.一种在包括一基站及多个用户设备的无线数字通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用的方法，该方法包括步骤：
(a)该基站接收至少一下行链路数据区块；
(b)该基站决定被指定该数据区块的该特定用户设备；
(c)该基站传输下行链路信道品质测量请求至该特定用户设备；
(d)该用户设备执行该下行链路信道品质的测量；
(e)该用户设备传输该测量至该基站；
(f)该基站基于该测量排列优先次序并配置无线资源；
(g)该基站传输该配置至该用户设备；
(h)该用户设备响应该配置而调整；
(i)该基站依据该配置而传输该下行链路数据；
(j)该用户设备接收该下行链路数据。
16.一种在具有一基站及多个用户设备的无线通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用的方法，该方法包括步骤：
传输下行链路数据区块至该基站，该数据是指定传输至该多个用户设备其中之一；
该基站请求自该指定用户设备之一下行链路信道品质测量；
于该指定用户设备测量该下行链路信道品质以响应自该基站的该请求；
回报该下行链路信道品质测量至该基站；
基于所回报的该下行链路信道品质测量，该基站配置该无线资源至该指定用户设备，所述配置步骤包括决定调制型态，编码速率及时隙信息；以及
自该基站传输该下行链路数据至该指定用户设备。
17.如权利要求16所述的方法，其中：
该请求步骤包括请求测量特定无线资源；以及
该测量步骤包括测量该特定无线资源的该下行链路信道品质。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法，更包括下列步骤：
于该指定用户设备接收该无线资源配置信息；以及
基于该无线资源配置信息设定该指定用户设备，以接收该下行链路数据，该接收及该设定步骤是于该配置步骤及该传输步骤间执行。
19.一种在具有一基站及多个用户设备的无线通信系统中最佳化无线资源利用的方法，该方法包括步骤：
传输下行链路数据区块至该基站，该数据是指定传输至该多个用户设备；
该基站请求每一个具一未决下行链路传输的该多个用户设备的下行链路信道品质测量；
于每一个具未决下行链路传输的该多个用户设备测量该下行链路信道品质以响应自该基站的该请求；
回报每一该下行链路信道品质测量至该基站；
基于个别的该下行链路信道品质测量，该基站配置该无线资源至每一个具未决下行链路传输的该多个用户设备；以及
自该基站传输该下行链路数据至每一个具未决下行链路传输的该指定用户设备。
20.如权利要求19所述的方法，其中该配置步骤包括决定每一个具未决下行链路传输的该指定用户设备的调制型态，编码速率及时隙信息。
21.如权利要求19所述的方法，其中该配置步骤包括藉由每一个具未决下行链路传输的该指定用户设备的个别下行链路信道品质测量，而以具有最高下行链路信道品质的使用设备首先接收其下行链路数据的向下递减顺序优先处理其无线资源。
22.如权利要求19所述的方法，其中：
该请求步骤包括请求测量特定无线资源；以及
该测量步骤包括测量该特定无线资源的该下行链路信道品质。
23.如权利要求19所述的方法，更包括下列步骤：
接收于每一个具未决的下行链路传输的该指定用户设备的该无线资源配置信息；以及
基于该无线资源配置信息设定每一个具未决下行链路传输的该指定用户设备，以接收该下行链路数据，该接收及该设定步骤是于该配置步骤及该传输步骤间执行。
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