CN100466718C - 混合媒体电信呼叫建立 - Google Patents

混合媒体电信呼叫建立 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100466718C
CN100466718C CNB2005100974141A CN200510097414A CN100466718C CN 100466718 C CN100466718 C CN 100466718C CN B2005100974141 A CNB2005100974141 A CN B2005100974141A CN 200510097414 A CN200510097414 A CN 200510097414A CN 100466718 C CN100466718 C CN 100466718C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
channel
calling
visual telephone
data
video phone
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Expired - Lifetime
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CNB2005100974141A
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English (en)
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CN1801926A (zh
Inventor
迈克尔·戴维·斯坦摩尔·克鲁克
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3G patent licensing Limited by Share Ltd
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Orange Personal Communications Services Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H04L51/48—Message addressing, e.g. address format or anonymous messages, aliases
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
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    • H04N7/141—Systems for two-way working between two video terminals, e.g. videophone
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Abstract

一种对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，该视频电话包括：发射机，用来在第一呼叫期间将承载至少第一和第二媒体的数据发送至远程视频电话；处理器，用来接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示，该处理器进一步适于响应于所述指示，开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫，该第二呼叫不支持第二媒体。

Description

混合媒体电信呼叫建立
本申请是申请日为2001年10月16日、申请号为01818343.3(PCT/GB01/04603)、发明名称为“混合媒体电信呼叫建立”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种呼叫建立技术、硬件和软件接口及其操作方法，用于经由电信网络传输混合媒体数据。特别是，尽管不是特指，本发明涉及经由电信网络建立包括音频和视频数据的呼叫的技术、硬件和软件接口及其操作方法。
背景技术
诸如电视电话、电视会议系统和混合媒体数据传输/通信系统的装置是众所周知的。根据特殊应用和所需的服务质量，例如音频和视频的混合媒体的组合传输所需的带宽处于目前可得到带宽的极限或者超出该极限。
解决此问题的技术方案通常集中在基于硬件的解决方案上。与此有关的技术，可以参见美国专利US5543939(授予Harvey等人)和美国专利US5371534(授予Dagdeviren等人)。
基于硬件的技术方案的问题是现存的电信基础结构通常需要进行补充或者修改，例如通过扩充或者用光纤替代现有铜线来进行补充或者修改。
尽管这种方案也许在物理上可以实现，但在经济上却非常昂贵的。
因此，人们期望实施一种混合媒体，特别是音频/视频数据传输技术方案，该技术方案不需要明显修改通信基础结构本身。
音频-视频通信引入了保密和展示以及传递可视信号的能力的问题。为了得到广泛的认可，电视电话服务将需要通过加入特别适合于处理视频、音频通信的控制和处理过程来解决这些问题。
所以，本发明的一个目的是提供一种建立和处理允许混合媒体数据传输的混合媒体呼叫的方法和设备，其最好使用基本上现存的网络基础结构，因而可以比较直接地实施。本发明地另一个目的是提供一种电视电话接口和一种操作该电视电话接口的方法，其至少可以在一定程度上解决与组合的视频和音频通信相关的人为因素问题。
为了说明本发明以下优选实施例的目的，将以Groupe SpécialMobile(GSM)模型的环境给出下面的说明。然而，这不构成为一个限制性应用。其他网络可以服从与本发明一致的操作。
发明内容
根据本发明的一方面，提供了一种对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，该视频电话包括：
发射机，用来在第一呼叫期间将承载至少第一和第二媒体的数据发送至远程视频电话；
处理器，用来接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示，该处理器进一步适于响应于所述指示，开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫，该第二呼叫不支持第二媒体。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
在第一呼叫期间，将承载至少第一和第二媒体的数据发送至远程视频电话；
接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示；
响应于所述指示，开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫，第二呼叫不支持第二媒体。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，包括：
发射机，用来在具有第一带宽的第一信道上建立与远程视频电话的数据通信；
处理器，用来接收第一信道上与所述远程视频电话的数据通信正被终止的指示，该处理器进一步适于响应于所述指示，在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信，所述第二信道具有第二带宽，其中所述第一带宽高于所述第二带宽。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供一种在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
在具有第一带宽的第一信道上建立与远程视频电话的数据通信；
接收在第一信道上与所述远程视频电话的数据通信正被终止的指示；
在第一信道上与所述远程视频电话的所述数据通信被终止之后，在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信，所述第二信道具有第二带宽，其中所述第一带宽高于所述第二带宽。
附图说明
通过参照附图仅仅以举例方式给出的优选实施例的以下说明，本发明不同实施例的特点和优点将会变得更加清楚。
图1示出了本发明一个实施例的呼叫建立过程；
图2示出了从视频切换到音频模式的呼叫流程；
图3示出了适合于供本发明使用的移动站的功能部件的简化方框图；
图4示出了建立电视电话呼叫的协商协议的流程图；
图5示出了在音频呼叫期间以及在电视电话呼叫建立之前，主叫方电视电话显示；
图6示出了在一个呼叫的视频阶段期间主叫方的电视电话显示，在此期间向接收方电视电话移动站发送一个默认静态图形；
图7示出了在发送和接收到达一个接收方电视电话移动站的实况视频时的主叫方电视电话显示；
图8示出了在电视电话呼叫期间记录接收方的静止图像时的主叫方电视电话显示；
图9示出了当保存一个捕获的视频图像时的电视电话屏幕接口；
图10示出了当收到一个输入电视电话呼叫同意请求时的一个实例性接收方电视电话接口；
图11示出了在冻结主叫方实况视频传送时的一个主叫方电视电话显示。
具体实施方式
图3显示了主要功能部件的示意方框图，这些主要功能部件对于适合供本发明使用的电视电话装置的各实施例是通用的。这些功能部件就其每个而言是已知的，因此将不进行详细说明。主处理器16可以是传统的可编程微处理器(具体实例是公知的)，或者是专用或特殊配置的单元，比如数字信号处理器。只读存储器(ROM)17连接到处理器16并且用来存储控制程序、数据和图像。ROM 17可以通过任何合适的技术实现，例如使用一个快闪PROM实现。随机存取存储器(RAM)25经由总线24连接到处理器16。这被用作工作存储器，用于存储使用(CCD)摄像机11捕获的数据和图像。
对应于摄像机捕获数据的信号经由摄像机接口12传送到处理器16。摄像机接口12还向视频编解码器18提供摄像机11捕获的数据的数字表示。这可以被适当地处理，用于显示和/或对移动通信系统的传送。指示灯(未示出)可以被连接到处理器16，以报告从摄像机11成功地获得数据和/或图像，该指示灯还可以在电视会议期间用来指示该装置正在正确操作。
摄像机接口12对于从摄像机11接收的图像执行所有必要的信号调整。信号调整将依赖于摄像机的精确配置，但是最好包括能够进行精确的模数变换的信号调整，并对捕获数据进行充分缓存。摄像机11将包括所有必需的支持电路，以制成一个传递被适当格式化的视频信号的全功能摄像机。
摄像机11可以一个以预定方位固定在移动通信装置上(未示出)。另选地，摄像机11可以装备有允许调整摄像机方位的一个合适机构，以便用户能够以不同方向定位摄像机。如果希望，该功能可以是带助力的。
通/断按钮13经由一个合适的接口连接到一个电源控制模块14。在断电状态，电源控制模块14响应该按钮的操作，将电池15连接到处理器16。电源控制模块还控制电池15的充电。当标准的AC/DC电源连接到电视电话时，电源控制模块14还将控制电源需求。
显示器接口19将显示器22经由总线24连接到处理器16。显示器接口19响应处理器16的指令以传统方式驱动内置的显示器22。
显示器22装备有一个触摸屏21。触摸屏接口20经由总线24将触摸显示器连接到处理器16。触摸屏21是一个独立于视频显示器22的机构。例如，透明触摸屏膜可以放置在显示器22上并适当连接和校准。
处理器16可以被安排成向显示器22传送用户可选择项目的菜单，如图标、按钮、文本等，并对触摸屏幕的位置做出响应，以便输入特定菜单项目的用户选择。这样，触摸屏可以被用作动态的可重新配置的用户接口，下面更详细说明该触摸屏的功能。触摸屏输入可以作为经由外部键盘的命令输入或者语音命令的替代或者补充(如果移动站装备有适当的硬件和软件)。此外，触摸屏区域或者其部分可以被配置为通用划线区域，以允许输入数据和写入命令。
音频接口26将音频接收器和音频发送器连接到处理器16，并且当需要输出和接收音频信号时，执行所有必要的信号调整。所述音频接收器包括一个或多个麦克风27a，而音频发送器例如是一个或多个耳机和/或扬声器27b。
还经由总线24连接射频(RF)接口23，把要发射的数据转换成用于驱动RF发射机30的信号，并且把来自RF接收机31的信号转换成经由总线传送到有关接口的数据。RF发射机30和RF接收机31连接到无线天线29。因此该RF接口23能够在电视电话与移动通信系统之间进行无线通信。
处理器16借助ROM 17和使用中的RAM 25中存储的控制程序和数据编程，以便经由摄像机接口12接收来自摄像机11的信号，解释这些信号和从中得到数据，所述数据在显示器22上显示，并可以存储在RAM 25中或者任何合适的存储装置中。
图5至图11显示了根据本发明操作的电视电话显示器的一个实例。这里显示了对应于发送方电视电话装置的不同通信状态的各种显示配置。
为了建立和处理多媒体呼叫，本发明提供了通过实例给出的下列处理过程。实际上，由包括GSM的所有电信网络提供的基本服务是语音传送(通话)。GSM还提供其它服务，包括各种速率的数据通信，这些速率包括高达9600bps的话音呼叫速率和高达56000bps的高速电路交换数据(HSCSD)连接速率。使用一系列接入技术和通信协议可以将数据发送到ISDN、分组交换公共数据网络和电路交换公共数据网络。其它数据服务包括三类传真和短消息服务(SMS)。
补充服务扩展了上述的那些服务。这些补充服务包括(在当前的Phase I规范下)不同类型的呼叫转移、呼叫保持以及呼入或呼出的呼叫限制。Phase 2规范包括补充服务，比如呼叫等候和多方会话。
GSM网络包括大量的功能实体。这些实体的操作对于本领域的熟练技术人员是已知的，为了简便起见，下文仅涉及概括性说明。为了更详细讨论，读者可以参阅“移动通信的GSM系统”(Mouly & Pautel，Cel &Sys，1992)和欧洲电信标准协会(ETSI)公布的GSM技术规范。
除了结合图3讨论的部件之外，电视电话移动通信装置或者移动站(MS)包括一个含有用户标识模块(SIM)的移动终端。SIM(卡)提供了一种唯一识别用户的方式，该方式不限制到或者依赖于特定GSM移动终端。移动设备由一个国际移动设备身份(IMEI)号码识别。SIM包括一个国际移动用户身份(IMSI)号码。
移动站经由基站子系统(BSS)与移动交换中心(MSC)通信。MSC的作用就像一个PSTN或者ISDN网络的一个标准交换节点，并且提供移动用户功能，包括注册、验证、位置更新、越区切换和呼叫路由选择。MSC是移动站(经由BSS)与硬布线网络之间的链接。原籍位置寄存器(HLR)和服务位置寄存器(SLR)提供呼叫路由选择和漫游功能。HLR处理关于每个用户和移动站的当前物理位置的管理信息。
GSM无线链路层使用时分多址(TDMA)和频分多址(FDMA)的组合。分配给GSM的频谱段对应于划分成相隔200kHz的124个载频的25Mhz频谱段。
一个或者多个载频被指定给每个基站，并且使用TDMA在时间上分割每个载频。数据传输单位被称作脉冲串时段(burst period)，其中用8个脉冲串时段组成一个TDMA帧。该帧形成定义逻辑GSM信道的基本单位。
存在两类信道：专用信道和公用信道。专用信道(比如业务信道：TCH)被分配给特定移动站。移动站在空闲模式中使用公用信道。
业务信道(TCH)用来发送语音和数据信息。这些信道使用26帧的复帧(即，一组26个TDMA帧)来定义。在这26个帧中，24个帧用于业务，1个帧用于所谓的慢关联控制信道(SACCH)，一个帧不使用。用于上行和下行链路的业务信道相隔三个脉冲串时段。
信令数据可以与用户数据传送并行传递。SACCH信道在每个方向每秒可以传送大约2个消息，并且呈现约0.5秒的传输延迟。该信道被用来传送不紧急的开销信息，该开销信息通常涉及用来执行越区切换判定的接收性能数据。
其它开销数据借助TCH本身发送。这些数据包括：关于呼叫建立进程的消息，启动越区切换的验证信息或者信令。这些数据被称之为快关联信令(FACCH)。移动站和基站接收机能够借助一个“窃用标记”来辨别TCH上发送的这些数据。业务传送期间的FACCH数据发送造成用户数据的丢失(在数据流的已知位置上)，该用户数据丢失反映了通常表现为传输误差的丢失。
公用信道被用来交换信令信息。信令信息用来向移动站表示它要转换成专用(即，数据通信)模式，或者发出其它管理过程信号。
本发明主要涉及的业务类型是话音(音频)和视频数据。与使用GSM的所有其他通信一样，音频信号被数字编码并经由GSM网络作为数字数据流发送。
对于语音编码，GSM使用规则脉冲激励-线性预测编码器(RPE-LPE)方案将语音数字化，然后进行传送。该技术依赖于来自先前抽样的等待时间信息，来预测当前抽样。多个先前抽样的线性组合的系数，加上预测抽样与实际抽样之间的差值、即余量的编码形式被用来表示该信号。
原始语音输入被分成20ms抽样，其每个抽样按260比特编码。使用卷积编码和块交织技术使编码的数字化语音数据不受差错影响。语音编解码器产生语音抽样的每20ms的260比特块。由于人耳的频率响应是在频谱上是可变的，所以并不是所有编码语音数据在语音重现并被人的听力系统所理解时都是同等重要的。因此，在感受的语音质量和理解方面，该比特块的某些比特比其它比特更重要。所以，这些比特被分成反映它们重要性以及对所得感知音频质量和理解的效果的三类。每一类依据不同纠错码处理。下面结合上面已经给出的和其它文献详细说明其处理过程。
每个抽样被交织，以减少脉冲串误差的影响。然后使用高斯滤波最小移频键控法(GMSK)将数字信号调制到模拟载波上。
数字编码语音数据的上述方法可以对话音或者音频信息可以是专用的。用于信道编码和调制的算法对于数据和不同数据速率可以是不同的。
对于视频数字化和编码，最好使用下面的处理过程。对于一个详细说明，读者可以参阅英国专利GB2306840B(Strathclyde大学)，这里作为参考文件引用。
视频数据压缩转换(SCT)技术实施一个特别适合于超低比特速率信道使用的视频编解码器。SCT通过协同应用的矢量量化(VQ)、运动补偿(MC)和(可选地)剩余编码(RE)实现一个视频序列的表示。
下面简要说明该方法：通过从一个或多个库图像帧中提取多个基准片(patch)建立一个密本，这些库图像帧最好含有很可能包含在将要压缩的图像帧中的特征。像素组(32x32，16x16，8x8)被称为像素片。将要压缩的一个图像帧在第一级上被细分成连续数据块或者图像片的阵列。然后在不同级上，再对该图像进行二次细分以提供一组不同尺寸的像素片。该细分使多个片在它们的边缘重叠。每个图像片被指定一个可以适当地位于该图像片中心的位置矢量。
对所有图像片进行用于亮度和对比度的标准化处理。对于每个标准化的图像片，搜索密本中相应大小的项目，以确定最像该图像片的项目。将每个匹配的基准片的密本索引与用于匹配的图像片的位置矢量和亮度/对比度标准化因数一同存储，以作为一个压缩的编码。某些误差处理被执行，读者为得到进一步的细节可以参阅英国专利GB2306840B。压缩技术包括提供某些任意基准图像帧，这些图像帧可以作为将要压缩的图像帧的第一(初步)近似。通过比较基准帧与要压缩帧之间的误差来执行误差计算。然后，将该误差集与为基准片而得到的误差集进行比较。
依据该比较，识别导致最大减少误差的密本基准片。对应的压缩编码被存储在压缩图像表示中。此外，通过添加选用的基准片来更新基准图象。
递归地重复该处理，以使基准片连续添加到基准图像片中，从而导致逐步改善基准帧的质量。将压缩编码并行地添加到压缩表示上。维持递归，直至基准帧的质量达到某个预定阈值。在组合音频/视频传输的环境中，通过传送电视电话捕获的第一帧按照上述方式，使用存储在存储器中的某个初始随意基准图象来压缩。按上述原理获得一组压缩编码，然后存储到缓冲存储器中。然后，将该数据发送到接收电视电话的缓冲存储器中，该电视电话对数据解码并加到基准图像中用于显示。该数据还被加到存储在发送电视电话存储器中的基准图像上。
在发送移动站(以下称为电视电话)正在压缩第一捕获的图像帧的同时，其摄像机捕获第二图像帧。在发送第一组片数据之后，重复压缩处理，但是此时查找相对于第二捕获图像帧将给出“新”基准图像的最好改善的片数据。这些片数据的压缩编码在传送到接收电视电话之前，被再次存储到缓冲存储器中。对每个新捕获的帧重复上述处理，使基准图像帧连续跟踪捕获图像帧的变化。
本发明的优选实施例利用各种已知的多媒体数据传送的H323、H324和H340比特流受控协议的变体。其变体基本上根据上述标准进行操作。根据例如H323标准的通信对应于音频、视频、数据和控制信号的混合。因而，该协议能够对用于不同媒体的不同编码和解码算法进行不对称操作。上述的标准包括：关于信令的呼叫控制功能、呼叫建立，交换能力、命令和指示的信令，以及打开并描述逻辑信道的内容的消息。控制层把数据流格式化成输出到网络接口的消息。
参见图1，从图中可以得知根据本发明特定多媒体通信许可处理的流动控制处理的一个例子。这里所述的技术通过使用对应于呼叫保持的补充服务，来允许通告或者协商以及建立组合话音/视频呼叫。
在图1中，语音呼叫对应于单线，视频/语音(数据)呼叫对应于双线。参见图1，主叫方启动一个标准话音呼叫(图1中的步骤a)至步骤d))。一旦建立呼叫，任一用户可以选择切换到视频模式。这将触发下述的许可处理。在步骤e)，主叫方切换到使用HSCSD连接的视频模式。这一切换是这样实现的，主叫方电视电话把呼叫保持，然后启动对相同号码的第二(HSCSD)呼叫。使用呼叫等候补充服务的网络呼叫处理确保该呼叫作为一个等候呼叫到达正确的目的地，并被标识为一数据呼叫(步骤f)和g))。接收者电视电话向用户呈现或者切换到视频模式或者保持话音模式的选项h)。如果接收者选择许可视频模式i)，则接收者电视电话把话音呼叫保持并应答数据呼叫。随后，主叫方和接收者电视电话把数据流同步为视频呼叫，释放话音呼叫并且在本地启动视频。
这里，可以发送静态或动态预记录的视频或者发送实况视频。特定视频模式将取决于在视频呼叫协商处理期间主叫方/接收者的响应。
图2示出了从视频模式切换到话音模式的呼叫流路径。采用与上述相同的方式，利用话音呼叫的单线和视频呼叫的双线来识别两种呼叫。对于被叫用户启动的呼叫，可以颠倒所述顺序。
如果主叫方选择话音模式，呼叫电视电话释放视频呼叫，并且产生一个与原呼叫相同号码的新(话音)呼叫。这将引起一个延迟，因为必须释放并重建无线连接。如果选择话音模式的用户未启动呼叫，则电视电话也将通知该用户他应当对正在进行的呼叫付费，并且在执行这些动作之前，给出取消该请求的选项。上述的方法可以根据使用的网络类型稍作修改。然而，这种变化被认为落入本发明的范围。
与上述的多媒体呼叫处理方法相联系，本发明的一个重要方面是在视频/音频通信处理期间的用户交互作用。音频通信依赖于语言通信属性的较受限制的一个子集，该语言通信的属性包括诸如音调、变音和内容等方面。包括视频的增强电信服务带来用户交互作用和人为因素的复杂问题。为此，与组合话音及视频呼叫处理过程有关的一个关键问题是用户控制。用户控制对于启动/协商组合视频和音频呼叫以及正在进行的电视电话呼叫的处理是重要的。
需要注意的是，图1和图2所示的每个方法可以被实施来进行从话音到视频以及从视频到话音的转换；因而，这些方法被理解为可替代实施例。在不能保持数据呼叫的网络中，图2的方法最好用来从视频到话音转换。
图4显示了一个简化的流程图，示出了操作电视电话接口的组合视频和音频呼叫协商协议或者方法。所示的情况是主叫方希望进行对接收者的视频/音频呼叫。在下面的说明中，所涉及的电视电话软件是
Figure C200510097414D0016134622QIETU
 
Figure C200510097414D0016134630QIETU
 CE操作系统的部分，另外被称之为Rapier。该接口的使用不认为是限制性的，因为该方法可以在使用各种其它操作系统的不同平台上实施。屏幕显示也仅仅通过实例方式给出。
仅当单一输出音频呼叫正在进行时，可以进行话音呼叫。如果会议呼叫正在进行或者一个呼叫保持，则将不能得到视频选项。这一限制取决于网络类型和关联的信道处理过程。
图5至图11显示了组合视频和音频呼叫的不同阶段上的电视电话屏幕显示。参见图5，一旦选择预期的被叫方或者接收者，就借助软键50执行大多数命令输入。该键的功能是受环境制性的(context sensitive)。
参见图4，主叫方启动他或她的电视电话上的拨号程序39。从而在主叫方与接收者之间建立关于标准话音呼叫的一个音频呼叫。从主叫方的视角看，此时，状态显示251(参见图5)显示了一个呼叫定时器，屏幕上加有“音频呼叫....”的标题。
为了启动视频呼叫，主叫方按压软键50，在音频通信期间(参见图4)该软键50被标注“视频”。如图6所示，随后在装置显示器标题栏上显示标题“视频呼叫”。当前的音频呼叫处于保持，同时启动数据呼叫。然后启动接口的视频呼叫部分。此时，主叫方屏幕的接收者视频显示区域52为黑屏(参见图5)。主叫方电视电话摄像机看到的图像的缩略图被显示在主叫方图像屏幕51上。这允许主叫方在发送实况视频之前预览它们自己的实况视频图像。
假定接收者已经许可视频呼叫，并且不拒绝视频许可请求，图标600或者其它预存的静态或者动态图形可以被显示(图4中的41)在主叫方和/或接收者移动站上。图6中间接显示了这一情况，由此可以将默认静止图像发送到接收者电视电话。在此期间，主叫方仍然可以观看由它们自己的电视电话生成的等同缩略图51。这种情况持续到接收者方许可发送实况视频。可以为多个存储的文件选择由主叫方发送的特定默认图形或者图像，并通过视频首选菜单设置该默认图形或图像。该默认图形被发送到接收者电视电话，并在此保持直至主叫方许可实况视频传送。在此期间，主叫方电视电话的发送箱53显示文本串“Default Still”(参见图6)。
从接收者的观点看，当主叫方在音频呼叫期间启动或者请求视频呼叫时，对话箱(参见图10)被显示在接收者装置的屏幕上。可听或者可视提示，比如背光闪烁或报警声也可以用来通知接收者主叫方已经请求视频。一旦将输入电视电话呼叫请求通知给接收者，他或她就具有许多选项。参见图4，接收者可以接受相互视频呼叫42，或者完全拒绝连接43，在此情况下终止呼叫401。在一个优选实施例中，触摸“拒绝”94拒绝视频呼叫，并返回到音频呼叫屏幕。对话箱在主叫方电视电话上简要地显示视频请求已经被拒绝的指示。
假定视频呼叫(例如)通过接收者触摸“接受”软键93被接受，则由接收者生成或者触发的图像被显示在主叫方电话机上。该图像可以是接收者已经选择的静止图画或者图标600(参见图6)，在他或她许可发送实况视频之前一直显示该图像。另选地，接收者可以立即接受视频呼叫并开始发送实况视频，如图7所示。在此情况下，接收者发送箱(未示出)显示文本字符串“实况视频”，该主叫方显示器示出被叫方52的实况图像。在此期间，可能的情况是，接收者接收的图像仍然是从主叫方发送的默认静止图像51。当主叫方启动视频呼叫时，同样仅仅显示来自主叫方的实况视频。图7示出了主叫方已经允许实况视频发送的情况。此时，软键50显示文本“Freeze”。触摸“Treeze”软键将停止视频发送。
接收者可以在许多不同环境下接受视频呼叫。当许可视频时，静止或者动态图像可以被返回到主叫方(图4中的45)。另选地，可以把许可消息或信号返回到主叫方移动站。这可以用来暂时触发主叫方移动站上的本地驻留图形的显示，同时建立视频呼叫。
面向许可接收者和主叫方的选项反映了人对人通信的变化特征，并且可能反映了将要通信的信息特性。这里提供的这些实例是示意性的，可能需要略微不同的许可/接受协议的其它情况被认为在本发明的范围内。
例如，接收者可以选择立即切换到视频(图4中的48)，而不具有中间延迟。另选地，接收者也可以不希望发送自己的实况图像。这也许出于许多原因，包括：或许接收者正处于不方便或者不适当状况，或许只是不想让主叫方观看他。可视信息的发送可以提供接收者可能希望保持秘密的位置信息或者提示。在此情况下，接收者可以交替选择发送或者在主叫方移动站显示或许代表他自己的静态或者动态图形、他们的服务提供者或者可以选择和发送47的任何其它图形。这里的关键元素是接收者已经指示从事某种形式的视频交互作用的部分志愿，而不是实际的实况视频交换。此外，图形可以在主叫方移动站上驻留并且由接收者发送的消息信号触发。这样一个实施例在带宽方面的需求较小，图像可适用于满足爱好、通信类型以及可能链接到主叫方的身份(通过CLI识别)。
在电视电话呼叫接收者不希望立即发送实况视频给主叫方时，可能在建立视频链路或者实况视频数据发送中引发延迟(图4的46)，延迟可以被预先编程或者由用户确定。此功能是实况呼叫期间发生的呼叫处理的子集。在该延迟期间，主叫方软键被标注为“实况”并向接收者发送默认图像。触摸该软键，将从发送默认静止图像切换到从主叫方电话机发送实况视频。
在视频呼叫期间，扬声器最好总是加电的，并且从建立数据呼叫的时刻开始在两个电话机之间传送音频。
进一步的要求是在电视电话呼叫期间的任何时候能够检查传输状态。图4的49显示了这种情况，其中，接收者或者主叫方可以暂停呼叫的视频部分，仅还原到话音，引入视频传输的延迟，或者终止呼叫。这样一种状况可以联系的是与会话结合的通过通信信道进行的另一种类型的数据传送(例如，以数据文件或者类似的形式传送)。在此情况下，由于带宽和速度原因，任何一个用户可以暂停视频传输，并在低速率通信信道上执行数据传递。如虚线所示，一旦启动音频/视频，对于主叫方和接收者来说协议可以是对称的。
图7中的发送箱53中的文本“实况视频”指示实况视频的传送。在该环境中，软键50被标注“Freeze”。触摸该“Freeze”，将冻结当前发送的图像并且显示就如图11所示。这允许在接收者电视电话上建立高质量的静止图像，并且如果希望保密，还允许主叫方停止发送实况视频。在视频被冻结时音频仍然有效，主叫方从接收者方接收的视频也有效。在冻结期间，文本字符串“冻结帧”被显示在发送箱53中，并且软键50被再次标注为“实况”。触摸该状态下的软键，返回到发送实况视频。
视频呼叫协商功能对于主叫方和接收者是对称的，因为任何方都可能希望中止实况视频传送。
接口和电视电话硬件还包括允许用户记录输入视频和/或音频的功能。参见图8，该选项可经由显示器上的软键触发的对话框55得到。在视频呼叫正在连接时，“快照”选项成灰色并且是无效的。一旦从被叫方接收到图像，不论实况、禁止或者冻结，该“快照”选项就不再成灰色。通过选择该选项，存储从被叫方当前接收的图像，并打开对话框(参见图9)，以允许用户输入用于保存图像文件的文件名90和文件类型91。该文件一经保存，就触摸“OK”键，并且装置返回到显示电视电话屏幕。当记录实况视频时，将遵循一个相似处理过程。
存在呼叫许可协商过程可能改变的其它情况。然而，结合优选实施例所述的上述内容被认为代表了最共同的特点。关键要素是各方具有的对于协商视频呼叫的高度控制。
本发明的该实施例使用标准补充服务(呼叫保持)。不需要改变网络内的这些服务的操作。然而，另选方式包括具有支持切换模式能力的功能的MSC。另一种变化可能是在建立第二呼叫之前释放第一呼叫。尽管本发明主要集中在从话音呼叫转换到话音/视频呼叫，但是本方法可以被使用在需要从话音到数据的变换的场合。
尽管仅通过实例并结合可能的实施例已经说明了本发明，但是可以理解，在不背离权利要求所述的本发明范围的条件下，可以对上述说明作出改进和/或修改。
尽管上述说明是在GSM呼叫处理过程的环境中给出的，但是通过适当修改，本发明也可以在其它网络，比如第三代网络中实现。
在上述说明中，对于已经描述的具有已知等同物的整数或部件，这些等同物也被包含在此，就好象它们已经被单独列出一样。

Claims (28)

1、一种对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，该视频电话包括：
发射机，用来在第一呼叫期间将承载至少第一和第二媒体的数据发送至远程视频电话；
处理器，用来接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示，该处理器进一步适于响应于所述指示，开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫，该第二呼叫不支持第二媒体。
2、根据权利要求1所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中所述处理器与用户接口进行通信来接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示。
3、根据权利要求1所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中所述处理器与RF接口进行通信来接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示。
4、根据权利要求1所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于响应于接收所述指示而开始释放第一呼叫。
5、根据权利要求4所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于在开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫之前开始释放第一呼叫。
6、根据权利要求4所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于在开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫之后开始释放第一呼叫。
7、根据权利要求1所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于响应于接收所述指示而保持第一呼叫。
8、根据权利要求1所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中第一呼叫采用数据信道，而第二呼叫采用语音信道。
9、根据权利要求1所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的视频电话，其中第一和第二媒体分别对应于音频和视频图像媒体。
10、一种对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
在第一呼叫期间，将承载至少第一和第二媒体的数据发送至远程视频电话；
接收在第一呼叫中对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示；
响应于所述指示，开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫，第二呼叫不支持第二媒体。
11、根据权利要求10所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的方法，该方法还包括以下步骤：
响应于所述接收指示的步骤，开始释放第一呼叫。
12、根据权利要求11所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的方法，其中在所述开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫的步骤之前执行所述开始释放第一呼叫的步骤。
13、根据权利要求11所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的方法，其中在所述开始对所述远程视频电话的第二呼叫的步骤之后执行所述开始释放第一呼叫的步骤。
14、根据权利要求10所述的对进行中的混合媒体电信呼叫的终止进行响应的方法，该方法还包括以下步骤：
响应于接收所述指示而保持第一呼叫。
15、一种用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，包括：
发射机，用来在具有第一带宽的第一信道上建立与远程视频电话的数据通信；
处理器，用来接收第一信道上与所述远程视频电话的数据通信正被终止的指示，该处理器进一步适于响应于所述指示，在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信，所述第二信道具有第二带宽，其中所述第一带宽高于所述第二带宽。
16、根据权利要求15所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中所述视频电话包括用户接口，用来接收在第一信道上对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示。
17、根据权利要求15所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中所述视频电话包括RF接口，用来接收在第一信道上对所述远程视频电话的数据发送正被终止的指示。
18、根据权利要求15所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于响应于接收所述指示而开始释放第一信道。
19、根据权利要求18所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信之前开始释放第一信道。
20、根据权利要求18所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信之后开始释放第一信道。
21、根据权利要求15所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中所述视频电话适于响应于接收所述指示而保持第一信道上的数据发送。
22、根据权利要求15所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中第一信道适于承载经编码的音频和视频数据，而第二信道适于承载经编码的音频数据。
23、根据权利要求15所述的用于在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的视频电话，其中第一信道数据通信对应于组合的音频和视频呼叫，所述第二信道数据通信对应于音频呼叫。
24、一种在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：
在具有第一带宽的第一信道上建立与远程视频电话的数据通信；
接收在第一信道上与所述远程视频电话的数据通信正被终止的指示；
在第一信道上与所述远程视频电话的所述数据通信被终止之后，在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信，所述第二信道具有第二带宽，其中所述第一带宽高于所述第二带宽。
25、根据权利要求24所述的在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的方法，该方法还包括以下步骤：
响应于所述接收与所述远程视频电话的数据通信正被终止的指示的步骤，开始释放第一信道。
26、根据权利要求25所述的在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的方法，其中在所述在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信的步骤之前执行所述开始释放第一信道的步骤。
27、根据权利要求25所述的在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的方法，其中在所述在第二信道上建立与所述远程视频电话的数据通信的步骤之后执行所述开始释放第一信道的步骤。
28、根据权利要求24所述的在不同带宽的通信信道之间进行转换的方法，所述方法还包括以下步骤：
响应于接收所述指示而保持第一信道上的数据通信。
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