CN100479792C - Excised experimental system for scanning type laser operation of hot forming cornea - Google Patents
Excised experimental system for scanning type laser operation of hot forming cornea Download PDFInfo
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- CN100479792C CN100479792C CNB2006101188973A CN200610118897A CN100479792C CN 100479792 C CN100479792 C CN 100479792C CN B2006101188973 A CNB2006101188973 A CN B2006101188973A CN 200610118897 A CN200610118897 A CN 200610118897A CN 100479792 C CN100479792 C CN 100479792C
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Abstract
A scanning laser in-vitro experiment system for the thermo-shaping operation of cornea is composed of laser emitting system, class-one focusing system, class-two focusing system, eyeball rotating system, safety parameter test system, therapeutic effect test system and controller.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the system in a kind of biomedical engineering technology field, be specifically related to a kind of isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty.
Background technology
Along with people deepen continuously to the understanding of hypermetropia and hypermetropia crowd's continuous growth, the treatment of hypermetropia is just more and more become the focus that ophthalmic industry is paid close attention to.The treatment hypermetropia has several methods at present, comprises excimer laser corneal refractive otomy, Laser in Situ Keratomileusis, laser thermal keratoplasty, transparent crystal excision associating intraocular lens implants, automatic lamellar keratoplasty, keratotomy, Lasso or the like.Wherein, laser thermal keratoplasty is to utilize the laser irradiation cornea, makes the corneal collagen fiber be subjected to thermal contraction, changes corneal diopter with the treatment ametropia.Because laser thermal keratoplasty is to use laser to carry out noninvasive laser therapy to being arranged in the outermost cornea tissue of eye refraction system, though so it the predictability of refraction results and stable aspect curative effect relatively limited, but still be proved to be to treat the safest also one of the most promising method of slight hypermetropia, and be expected to directly benefit from the progress at full speed of laser technology.
Find through literature search prior art, survey article " progress of laser thermal keratoplasty " (Tao Dan in 2004, Du's Chongqing, " Chinese practical ophthalmology magazine ", rolled up o. 11th 848-850 page or leaf in November the 22nd in 2004) mention, at present mainly adopt contactless light beam transmission system to carry out laser thermal keratoplasty, this system can launch the 8 bundle laser that are uniformly distributed in the cornea periphery, equate apart from central diameter simultaneously.Though this system compares early stage contact light beam fiber probe, make laser thermal keratoplasty minimizing consuming time, corneal epithelial wound and corneal infection have been reduced, and improved the degree of accuracy of site of action, but because this system still only can produce limited smooth condensation point, so the retraction ring that forms still has certain unpredictability.Therefore, the relative relatively poor defective of stability that still has therapeutic effect with predictability.In further retrieving, find identical with the present invention or similar theme as yet.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency and the defective of the employed system of existing laser thermal keratoplasty, proposed a kind of isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty.Can in isolated experiment, realize the scan laser thermokeratoplasty by the present invention, thereby provide convenience for the research and experiment of laser thermal keratoplasty.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions, the present invention includes seven modules, be respectively: laser transmitting system, first order focusing system, second level focusing system, eyeball rotary system, security parameter test macro, treatment effect test macro, controller.Along beam direction, be followed successively by first order focusing system, second level focusing system, eyeball rotary system behind the laser transmitting system; The input of security parameter test macro and treatment effect test macro is all aimed at fixed eyeball on the eyeball rotary system, and both outfans all link to each other with the input of controller, and the outfan of controller is connected to the eyeball rotary system.
Laser transmitting system is responsible for the emission of laser, first order focusing system, the substep that second level focusing system is responsible for laser beam focuses on, the eyeball rotary system is responsible for eyeball is realized the machinery rotation, controller is responsible for feedback control, the security parameter test macro is responsible for the security sweep parameter (rate of scanning that comprises laser of test scan formula laser thermal keratoplasty, the persistent period of pulse, the rotary speed of eyeball, degree of depth of focus point or the like), treatment effect test macro is responsible for test scan formula laser thermal keratoplasty at the security sweep parameter (rate of scanning that comprises laser, the persistent period of pulse, the rotary speed of eyeball, degree of depth of focus point or the like) the treatment effect under.Send laser by laser transmitting system, laser is through first order focusing system, second level focusing system focuses on the back and arrives the eyeball rotary system, rotation by the eyeball rotary system, realize the ring-type flying-spot scanner of laser at eyeball surface, the security parameter test macro is responsible for real-time detection to scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty security parameter to guarantee safety, treatment effect test macro is responsible for the scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty in the real-time detection that guarantees the treatment effect under the safety prerequisite, both testing results are collected feedback by controller, are sent to the eyeball rotary system with the real-time control eyeball speed of rotation.
Described security parameter test macro comprises hot camera, scopometer.Hot camera is responsible for the real-time detection of corneal tissue temperature, and scopometer is responsible for the real-time detection that corneal is organized turbidity.During the work of security parameter test macro, accept to show detected information from eye, hot camera is accepted the cornea tissue temperature information, and is sent to controller, and scopometer is accepted cornea tissue turbidity information, and is sent to controller.
Described treatment effect test macro comprises that corneal topography system, corrugated differ instrument.Corneal topography system is responsible for detecting in real time with corneal topography diagram form corneal diopter, and the corrugated differs instrument and is responsible for differing form corneal diopter with the corrugated and detects in real time.During the work of treatment effect test macro, acceptance is shown detected corneal diopter information from eye, and corneal topography system shows information, and is sent to controller with the corneal topography diagram form, the corrugated differs instrument information is shown with the corrugated form that differs, and is sent to controller.
Described controller, collect the testing result of test macro with the test macro of treatment effect of security parameter, through with will adjust signal after the secure threshold of prior setting and treatment expected value are compared and deliver to the eyeball rotary system, the eyeball speed of rotation is carried out feedback control.If hot camera detects the too high or scopometer of corneal temperature and detects corneal opacity degree and begin to rise, then controller feedback negative signal makes it reduce rotating speed, otherwise then improves rotating speed to the eyeball rotary system.
The light condensation point that existing laser thermal keratoplasty system is produced is arranged generally two kinds on Liang Quan and three circles.And, will form fine and close set point array by the scanning of ring-type flying spot formula through the luminous point that system of the present invention produced.The experiment of using system of the present invention to carry out can improve the concrete scheme of scanning, if for example retraction ring stress is strong inadequately, easily rollback can copy the light condensation point of prevailing system to arrange, and the similar flash of light preceding an earthquake coagulates some circles, perhaps implement helical form scanning, directly be formed with the contraction endless belt of certain width.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is: being heated of (1) cornea is almost simultaneously, can reduce the generation of asymmetric astigmatic phenomenon significantly; (2) adjust frequency and the interval of scanning, can realize the best accumulated of heat effect; (3) can form the more stable contraction endless belt of stress, improve the stability of cornea hot forming surgical effect; (4) can detect diopter change effect in real time and come the correspondingly number of turns of decision scanning in real time, improve the predictability of cornea hot forming surgical effect; (5) make the experiment of scan laser thermokeratoplasty just can carry out on live body, experimental implementation is more convenient; (6) can determine more optimum parameters for the scan laser thermokeratoplasty by experiment, improve the curative effect of this operation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation block diagram of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the invention are elaborated: present embodiment has provided detailed embodiment and process being to implement under the prerequisite with the technical solution of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, present embodiment comprises: test macro, the controller of the test macro of laser transmitting system, first order focusing system, second level focusing system, eyeball rotary system, security parameter, treatment effect.The position relation of each module is along beam direction, to be followed successively by first order focusing system, second level focusing system, eyeball rotary system behind the laser transmitting system; In addition, the input of security parameter test macro and treatment effect test macro is all aimed at fixed eyeball on the eyeball rotary system, and both outfans all link to each other with the input of controller.The outfan of controller is connected to the eyeball rotary system.
The laser beam of suitable wavelength (about 2.0 μ m) is sent by laser transmitting system, converge via first order focusing system and to be collimated light beam, focus on the eyeball surface that is fixed on the eyeball rotary system via second level focusing system again, by the rotation of eyeball rotary system, realize the ring-type flying-spot scanner of laser at eyeball surface.Simultaneously, the test macro of security parameter is realized the real-time detection of safety, the result delivers to controller, and treatment effect test macro is realized the real-time detection of treatment effect, and the result delivers to controller, controller is collected testing result and is fed back to the scan laser source, with real-time control laser parameter.
Described laser transmitting system is the laser instrument that transmitting terminal is fixed, wavelength is suitable (about 2.0 μ m).
Described first order focusing system is lens, and purpose is that divergent beams are focused to directional light.
Described second level focusing system is lens, and purpose is that directional light is further focused on the cornea.The focometry of second level condenser lens is fairly simple, under the situation that instrument lacks even can estimate by the range estimation spot size.By the focal length and the required cornea inner focusing degree of depth of laser thermal keratoplasty of second level condenser lens, determine the distance between second level condenser lens and the eyeball rotary system then.
Described eyeball rotary system is motor and swing pinion, and power supply is external on demand.Motor links to each other with swing pinion, and swing pinion links to each other with the fixing support of eyeball.Make the swing pinion rotation by motor, thereby drive the rotation of eyeball support, realize that cornea is the rotation at center with the pupil.
Described controller is collected security parameter test macro and the feedback information for the treatment of the effect test macro, with the real-time control eyeball speed of rotation.
Described security parameter test macro and treatment effect test macro carry out security parameter test and the test of treatment effect respectively, and its result delivers to controller.
Described security parameter test macro comprises hot camera, scopometer.
Hot camera in the described security parameter test macro is the ordinary hot camera, and purpose is that the test scan parameter can cause required corneal temperature (55 ° of C-65 ° of C, promptly can guarantee to condense and can not cause the temperature range of degeneration and damage) in what scope.If there is not ready-made hot camera, can substitute with two kinds of methods: a kind of method is the general digital camera that installs infrared filter additional, carry out postmortem analysis but so just can only obtain infrared photograph, and can't correspond to actual temp in real time intuitively, and resolution is lower; Another kind method is to use thermocouple temperature sensor to replace, and shortcoming is for invasive.
Turbidity in the described security parameter test macro is counted common scopometer, and purpose is that the test scan parameter can not cause the excessive turbidity of anterior corneal surface to rise in what scope.If there is not common scopometer, this partial function also can be realized via the change that detects the light scattering direction.Ultimate principle is to utilize a reference laser source after electronics (penetrating) beam splitter is drawn together bundle, focuses on again, shines anterior corneal surface at last, and it detects at the scattered light of the cornea front and rear surfaces light sensitive diode by two places.The reason that need carry out this measurement is: the astigmatism of human eye derives from corneal astigmatism and ophthalmic astigmatism two parts, and the former is the largest portion of a total astigmatism, comprises cornea front and back astigmatism; And the corneal astigmatism more complicated, be the major issue of judging the cornea refractive surgery effect.
Described treatment effect test macro comprises that corneal topography system, corrugated differ instrument.
The corneal topography system that described smelting is treated in the effect test macro is common corneal topography system, and purpose is the corneal curature variation amount after the test treatment.The full name of corneal topography is computer assisted corneal topography analytical system, and it is the pseudocolour picture that forms after the Computer Processing in fact, reflection full-shape film front surface curvature form.Its advantage is the corneal form to carry out real-time observation, therefore except can carrying out postoperative evaluation to the scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty result who decides parameter, also can in the operation process of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty, constantly provide information, instruct the operation process in real time.
It is that common corrugated differs instrument that corrugated in the described treatment effect test macro differs instrument, and purpose is the degree of improvement that human eye dioptric system corrugated differed after test was treated.It is that Ray Of Light is injected ophthalmic that the corrugated differs instrument, return from retinal reflex then, actual direction that reflects from eyes by light relatively and the difference between the ideal orientation just can be measured eye and look totally differing of photosystem, and with the form demonstration of 3-D view.Human eye differs and is divided into two kinds of low order and high-orders, is not having under the interferential situation of low order aberration (referring to myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism), and human eyesight also has only 1.0-2.0.If higher order aberratons (refer to coma, shadow dizzy etc.) is got rid of the human extraordinary vision that just can reach 3.0-4.0 in the lump.Perfect Wavefront aberration instrument can be measured low order simultaneously and differ with high-order and differ.Differ instrument about the corrugated, existing at present a lot of sophisticated business equipment.
Isolated experiment system with present embodiment, in the time of need carrying out the test of security parameter, make the eyeball rotary system begin rotation earlier, make laser transmitting system send the laser beam of suitable wavelength (about 2.0 μ m) again, focus on the eyeball surface that is fixed on the eyeball rotary system and begins at the uniform velocity to rotate thereupon via first, second grade focusing system, realize the ring-type flying-spot scanner of laser at eyeball surface, simultaneously, hot camera and scopometer carry out the real-time detection to security parameter; In the time of need treating the test of effect, make the eyeball rotary system begin rotation earlier, make laser transmitting system send the laser beam of suitable wavelength (about 2.0 μ m) again, focus on the eyeball surface that is fixed on the eyeball rotary system and begins at the uniform velocity to rotate thereupon via first, second grade focusing system, realize the ring-type flying-spot scanner of laser at eyeball surface, simultaneously, corneal topography system and corrugated differ instrument carry out to the treatment effect real-time detection.Hot camera, scopometer, corneal topography system, corrugated differ that instrument also can be worked simultaneously or select as required, realize corresponding monitoring function.
Present embodiment is used and avoided the complexity of laser beam rotation to realize, and is more convenient in the operation, and can determine more optimum parameters for scan laser, improves the curative effect of this operation.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty, it is characterized in that, comprise: laser transmitting system, first order focusing system, second level focusing system, the eyeball rotary system, the security parameter test macro, treatment effect test macro, controller, along beam direction, be followed successively by first order focusing system behind the laser transmitting system, second level focusing system, the eyeball rotary system, the input of security parameter test macro and treatment effect test macro is all aimed at fixed eyeball on the eyeball rotary system, both outfans all link to each other with the input of controller, the outfan of controller is connected to the eyeball rotary system, wherein, laser transmitting system is responsible for the emission of laser, first order focusing system, the substep that second level focusing system is responsible for laser beam focuses on, the eyeball rotary system is responsible for eyeball is realized the machinery rotation, controller is responsible for feedback control, the security parameter test macro is responsible for real-time detection to scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty security parameter to guarantee safety, treatment effect test macro is responsible for the scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty in the real-time detection that guarantees the treatment effect under the safety prerequisite, laser transmitting system sends laser, laser is through first order focusing system, second level focusing system focuses on the back and arrives the eyeball rotary system, rotation by the eyeball rotary system, realize the ring-type flying-spot scanner of laser at eyeball surface, the security parameter test macro carries out the real-time detection of security parameter, and treat the real-time detection of effect by treatment effect test macro, both testing results are collected feedback by controller, are sent to the eyeball rotary system with the real-time control eyeball speed of rotation.
2, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described laser transmitting system is that transmitting terminal is fixed, wavelength is the laser instrument of 2.0 μ m.
3, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described first order focusing system is lens, and divergent beams are focused to directional light; Described second level focusing system also is lens, further focus on directional light on the cornea, by the focal length and the required cornea inner focusing degree of depth of laser thermal keratoplasty of second level condenser lens, determine the distance between second level condenser lens and the eyeball rotary system then.
4, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described eyeball rotary system is motor and swing pinion, power supply is external, motor links to each other with swing pinion, and swing pinion links to each other with the fixing support of eyeball, makes the swing pinion rotation by motor, thereby drive the rotation of eyeball support, realize that cornea is the rotation at center with the pupil.
5, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described security parameter test macro comprises hot camera, scopometer, hot camera is responsible for the real-time detection of corneal tissue temperature, scopometer is responsible for the real-time detection that corneal is organized turbidity, hot camera is accepted the cornea tissue temperature information and is sent to controller, and scopometer is accepted cornea tissue turbidity information and is sent to controller.
6, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, hot camera in the described security parameter test macro is the ordinary hot camera, or installs the digital camera of infrared filter additional, or thermocouple temperature sensor.
7, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described treatment effect test macro comprises that corneal topography system, corrugated differ instrument, corneal topography system is responsible for detecting in real time with corneal topography diagram form corneal diopter, the corrugated differs instrument and is responsible for differing form corneal diopter with the corrugated and detects in real time, corneal topography system shows information and is sent to controller that the corrugated differs instrument information is differed the form demonstration and is sent to controller with the corrugated with the corneal topography diagram form.
8, the isolated experiment system of scanning type laser thermokeratoplasty according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described controller, collect the testing result of test macro with the test macro of treatment effect of security parameter, through with will adjust signal after the secure threshold of prior setting and treatment expected value are compared and deliver to the eyeball rotary system, the eyeball speed of rotation is carried out feedback control, if hot camera detects the too high or scopometer of corneal temperature and detects corneal opacity degree and begin to rise, then controller feedback negative signal is to the eyeball rotary system, make it reduce rotating speed, otherwise then improve rotating speed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2006101188973A CN100479792C (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2006-11-30 | Excised experimental system for scanning type laser operation of hot forming cornea |
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| CNB2006101188973A CN100479792C (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2006-11-30 | Excised experimental system for scanning type laser operation of hot forming cornea |
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| CN1957868A CN1957868A (en) | 2007-05-09 |
| CN100479792C true CN100479792C (en) | 2009-04-22 |
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| CNB2006101188973A Expired - Fee Related CN100479792C (en) | 2006-11-30 | 2006-11-30 | Excised experimental system for scanning type laser operation of hot forming cornea |
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Granted publication date: 20090422 Termination date: 20111130 |