CN100546701C - 简单的气体冲洗方法和装置 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/20—Accessories; Auxiliary operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/26—Specific gas distributors or gas intakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/08—Fully permeating type; Dead-end filtration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/18—Use of gases
- B01D2321/185—Aeration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/06—Pressure conditions
- C02F2301/063—Underpressure, vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Abstract
一种通过使气泡流过所述薄膜(6)的表面清洗薄膜过滤系统中的薄膜(6)以从其上冲洗掉累积的固体的方法。该方法包括：使液体流过气源；在液流中产生减压，以使气流从气源(9)流入液流中并在其中形成气泡；然后使含有气泡的液体流过薄膜(6)的表面，以冲洗其表面。另外还公开一种用于执行该方法的装置。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种薄膜过滤系统，更具体地说，涉及一种用于气体冲洗过滤薄膜的改进方法和装置。
背景技术
气体冲洗系统已经用在薄膜过滤系统上，以清洗薄膜并使这种系统能在长时间内有效地操作，且减少需要定期反冲洗或高度反冲洗能力。这种系统通常采用由压缩机或泵发生的加压气体，以产生沿薄膜表面流动并从其上冲洗累积的固体和杂质的气泡。对加压气源的需要通常要求昂贵的泵和电源。尽管上面所述不涉及巨大的商业系统，但气源的成本看来不利于能够为较小的系统，例如家用过滤器系统提供这种冲洗方法。上述优点看来适用于在偏远地区(农场、边远农村、远征探险队)，在该区难以得到电力和加压空气，但可得到足够的水压(约50至400kPa)来操作该系统。
发明内容
本发明试图提供一种运行且不需要加压气源的气体冲洗系统。
根据一个方面，本发明提供一种通过使气泡流过所述薄膜的表面清洗薄膜过滤系统中的薄膜以从其上清洗掉累积的固体的方法，该方法包括：
a)使液体流过气源；
b)在所述液流中产生减压，以使气流从所述气源流入所述液流中并在其中形成气泡；
c)使含有所述气泡的所述液体流过所述薄膜的表面，以冲洗其表面。
优选地，在喷射器或文丘里装置中产生减压。
优选地，液体包括供给到薄膜过滤系统中的进给液体。
附图说明
现参照附图，仅通过示例，将描述本发明的优选实施例，图中：
图1表示本发明一个实施例的薄膜过滤系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，系统包括有多个安装在其上的薄膜6的薄膜过滤组件5。进给管线7通过阀V1和喷射器/文丘里管8将未处理的水进给到组件5。气体，通常是空气通过气体管线9和单向阀V5供给到喷射器8中。滤液从薄膜6通过由滤液阀V4控制的滤液管线10排出。组件5设有由相应上部和下部排放阀V3和V2控制的上部和下部排放管线11和12。排放管线11和12送到排放槽13中。
在使用中，未处理的水通过阀V1和通过喷射器8进入薄膜组件5中。在正常操作条件下，排放阀V2和V3被关闭。当需要处理的水(滤液)时，阀V4(龙头)被打开，而使水压推动水穿过薄膜6到滤液侧，并且产生的滤液流过阀V4和滤液管线10。由于流率受到薄膜阻力限制，所以水在喷射器8中流动的速度高得不足以将空气吸入到水流中。代之以水压将使单向阀V5关闭。必要时，流率可由阀V4、V1或在V4与组件之间安装的可选择流量控制阀进一步控制。如果薄膜开始堵塞，则可采用如下程序清洗薄膜：
a)滤液阀V4保持关闭状态，而排放阀V3被打开。这样使水以高流率流过阀V1、喷射器8并流过薄膜组件5。水通过上部排放阀V3排出，并且可选择地收集在槽13中，以便像灌溉那样进一步使用。当水可沿薄膜组件通过且没有受到薄膜6的限制时，在喷射器/文丘里管8中的流率高得足以产生吸入压力。这样使空气通过单向阀V5、通过喷射器进入到进给水流中，以在其中产生气泡。与强水流结合的气泡从薄膜上冲洗任何污垢层，并且通过阀V4冲洗掉除下的悬浮固体。
b)如果要求更强的清洗作用，可增加如下一些或几个过程步骤：
i)关闭阀3。这样导致增大在系统中的水压，并且压缩截留在组件壳体中的空气。在关闭进给阀V1之后，底部排放阀V2被打开。这样将使空气膨胀并清除薄膜组件5上剩余的液体部分，带出更多的固体。另外，压缩空气有时要求被施加到容器上，以有助于从组件上除去液体。
ii)必要时，可继续打开上部排放阀V3进行补充清除步骤，直到薄膜组件5被完全放空。
iii)关闭阀V2和V3。打开阀V1，施加水压并压缩过滤器壳体中的空气。进给水占据由空气压缩而得到的空间。重复步骤i)和ii)，对薄膜6进行补充清洗。
iv)关闭阀V2和V3。打开阀V1使水能进入到薄膜组件5中。通过阀V3仔细冲洗，使截留的空气能被清除。然后关闭阀V3，使系统返回联机，而恢复正常的过滤。
薄膜过滤领域的技术人员将会认识到，可使用各种序列的阀，以便达到所需的结果。
喷射器8是使用动态水流产生局部真空以使空气进入水流中的设备的一部分。通常，该部分是文丘里管或某种喷射器。
如果薄膜要求用化学清洗，则可采取另外液体与喷射器8连接以在清洗期间将任何清洗化学品吸入到液流中。在短暂时间之后，可关闭阀V1停止液体流动，以便保存化学品并使薄膜能浸泡在化学品的溶液中。
清洗系统可适用于任何形式的薄膜，包括纤维、平薄片、螺旋卷绕、编织或板型。
过滤器系统可以与适当的活性碳过滤器或其它类似装置组合，以除去异味或臭气。
将要认识到，在不脱离所述本发明的精神或范围条件下可以有本发明的另外实施例和举例。
Claims (17)
1.一种通过使气泡流过薄膜的表面清洗在薄膜过滤系统中的该薄膜以从其上冲洗掉累积的固体的方法，该方法包括：
a)使液体流过气源；
b)在所述液流中产生减压，以使气流从所述气源流入所述液流中并在其中形成气泡；
c)使含有所述气泡的所述液体流过所述薄膜的表面，以冲洗其表面；
其中，在所述液流内的所述产生减压响应于所述薄膜阻力的增加。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在使所述液体流过的喷射器或文丘里装置中产生减压。
3.根据权利要求1或权利要求2所述的方法，其中，液体包括供给到薄膜过滤系统中的进给液体。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法，包括设置对所述薄膜的所述阻力增加起响应的阀装置，以增大通过所述装置的所述液流。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在薄膜过滤系统正常过滤运行期间，选择所述液体的流率，使得产生最小减压。
6.根据权利要求5所述的方法，包括设置另外的阀装置，以防止在所述正常过滤运行期间使气体流进入所述液流中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述另外的阀装置对所述液流的所述流率起响应。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括使液体流过化学清洗流体源的步骤，以致在所述液流内的所述减压使所述化学清洗流体从所述化学清洗流体源流入所述液流中。
9.一种用于通过使气泡流过薄膜的表面清洗在薄膜过滤系统中的该薄膜以从其上冲洗掉累积的固体的装置，该装置包括：
a)用于使液体流过气源的装置；
b)对所述薄膜的阻力增加起响应的装置，其用于在所述液流中产生减压以使气流从所述气源流入所述液流中并在其中形成气泡；
c)用于使含有所述气泡的所述液体流过所述薄膜的表面以冲洗其表面的装置。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，用于产生减压的装置是使所述液体从中流过的喷射器或文丘里装置。
11.根据权利要求9或权利要求10所述的装置，其中，液体包括供给到薄膜过滤系统的进给液体。
12.根据权利要求10所述的装置，还包括对所述薄膜的所述阻力增加起响应的阀装置，以增大通过所述装置的所述液流。
13.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，在薄膜过滤系统正常过滤运行期间，选择所述液体的流率，使得产生最小减压。
14.根据权利要求13所述的装置，包括另外的阀装置，以防止在所述正常过滤运行期间使气体流入所述液流中。
15.根据权利要求14所述的装置，其中，所述另外的阀装置对所述液流的所述流率起响应。
16.根据权利要求9所述的装置，还包括用于使液体流过化学清洗流体源的装置，以致在所述液流内的所述减压使所述化学清洗流体从所述化学清洗流体源流入所述液流中。
17.根据权利要求16所述的装置，其中，用于使液体流动的所述装置包括所述喷射器或文丘里装置。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2004907390 | 2004-12-24 | ||
| AU2004907390A AU2004907390A0 (en) | 2004-12-24 | Simple gas scouring method and apparatus |
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| CN101087642A CN101087642A (zh) | 2007-12-12 |
| CN100546701C true CN100546701C (zh) | 2009-10-07 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US8758622B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1838422A4 (zh) |
| JP (2) | JP2008525167A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN100546701C (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2591580A1 (zh) |
| NZ (1) | NZ555987A (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2006066350A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106458650A (zh) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-02-22 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | 水处理系统 |
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2005
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- 2005-12-22 CN CNB2005800443742A patent/CN100546701C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-22 CA CA002591580A patent/CA2591580A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-12-22 JP JP2007547100A patent/JP2008525167A/ja active Pending
- 2005-12-22 EP EP05818569A patent/EP1838422A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-12-22 US US11/722,458 patent/US8758622B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-12-22 NZ NZ555987A patent/NZ555987A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2011
- 2011-10-28 JP JP2011237202A patent/JP2012055890A/ja active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106458650A (zh) * | 2014-08-01 | 2017-02-22 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | 水处理系统 |
| CN106458650B (zh) * | 2014-08-01 | 2019-11-12 | 住友电气工业株式会社 | 水处理系统 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2591580A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
| JP2012055890A (ja) | 2012-03-22 |
| US8758622B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
| EP1838422A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
| WO2006066350A1 (en) | 2006-06-29 |
| US20100000941A1 (en) | 2010-01-07 |
| NZ555987A (en) | 2009-08-28 |
| JP2008525167A (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
| EP1838422A4 (en) | 2009-09-02 |
| CN101087642A (zh) | 2007-12-12 |
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