CN100568875C - A kind of method that on the Linux protocol stack, realizes port triggering function - Google Patents
A kind of method that on the Linux protocol stack, realizes port triggering function Download PDFInfo
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- CN100568875C CN100568875C CNB2005101356669A CN200510135666A CN100568875C CN 100568875 C CN100568875 C CN 100568875C CN B2005101356669 A CNB2005101356669 A CN B2005101356669A CN 200510135666 A CN200510135666 A CN 200510135666A CN 100568875 C CN100568875 C CN 100568875C
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Abstract
A kind of method that on the Linux protocol stack, realizes port triggering function, configured port triggered parameter on gateway device comprises port and the port set scope of triggering earlier; When interior network packet arrives gateway device, create and trigger the ip_conntrack that connects, preserve Intranet IP address and port; Meet trigger condition as this message, in the ip_conntrack_expect related, deposit the port that distributes into this message, send to outer net equipment by the nat module again with ip_conntrack; After outer network packet enters the conntrack module, create and transmit the ip_conntrack that connects; As meet the forwarding condition, set up the incidence relation of this ip_conntrack and corresponding ip_conntrack_expect, and preserve the IP address and the remote port of outer net equipment; Returned packet enters nat expect, and the ip_conntrack that finds related triggering to connect obtains Intranet IP address of equipment and port, finishes the forwarding work of data message; After the transfer of data, discharge the ip_conntrack and the ip_conntrack_expect that set up, finish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of communication network NAT crossing technology, relate in particular to a kind of implementation method of port triggering function.
Background technology
The keen competition of IT industry, the continuous drop of product price has all brought stern challenge to IT producer.Everybody has thrown into sight on the (SuSE) Linux OS at a low price one after another, and Linux popularizes and development expansion at this point.Concerning the networking products of terminal class, Linux is undoubtedly one of operating system and well selects.
But problem is also following, in the Intranet environment by NAT (Network address translators makes port mapping or port transmit again), inner net computer user's network application always is subjected to various restrictions, some online game cisco unity malfunctions, chat tool can not normally use.There is limitation in this because message passing through NAT gateway and causes, can address this problem by the mapping of configured port on gateway, but during practical operation, again because port mapping need have a lot of problems at concrete inner net computer in flexibility; Owing to opened a plurality of ports, make the safety problem of equipment become serious in addition.In this case, PortTrigger (port triggering) function can address these problems, and it can solve the dual problem of flexibility and safety according to the dynamic open port mapping of the operating position of inner net computer.
The agreement that has needs control connection to be connected with transmitting, and transmit connection is to pre-define, be arranged in the port range, as QuickTime, particularly a lot of online games etc., transmit the connection meeting and select several ports to carry out the transmission of data message, at this moment just need port triggering function at this port range.Though provide existing Linux protocol stack port mapping, ALG methods such as (ALG) solve the address port transfer problem of outer net to Intranet, the function that does not but provide port to trigger, at present present situation, be badly in need of on the Linux protocol stack, providing the implementation method of this function.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose a kind of method that realizes port triggering function on the Linux protocol stack.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of method that on the Linux protocol stack, realizes port triggering function, may further comprise the steps:
(a) configured port triggered parameter on gateway device comprises and triggers port and port set scope, and is saved in IP connection tracking assistant ip_conntrack_helper and the IP address transition assistant Ip_nat_helper structure;
When (b) message that sends of Intranet equipment arrives gateway device, enter connection tracking conntrack module automatically, create and trigger the IP connection tracking ip_conntrack structure that connects, and in this structure, preserve Intranet IP address and port;
(c) if this message meets trigger condition, described trigger condition comprises that the destination interface of this message is described triggering port, ip_conntrack_helper be described port set middle port that set up with the IP track expectation table ip_conntrack_expect structure ip_conntrack structure connection in deposit the port that distributes into this message, this message sends to outer net equipment again by address transition nat module from the port that distributes;
(d) described outer net equipment is to described gateway device returned packet, and message enters the conntrack module automatically, creates and transmits the ip_conntrack structure that connects;
(e) if this message that returns meets the forwarding condition, described forwarding condition comprises that the destination interface of this message is the port in the described port set, then set up this forwarding ip_conntrack structure that connects and the ip_conntrack_expect Structural Interrelationship relation of preserving same port, and the IP address and the remote port of in transmitting the ip-conntrack structure that connects, preserving described outer net equipment; This ip_conntrack_expect structure is the ip_conntrack_expect structure of the described ip_conntrack structure connection that is connected with triggering;
(f) this message that returns enters the network address and revises supplementary module nat expect part, whether this message that returns of ip_conntrack_expect structure decision by association needs to transmit, as need find again with as described in the ip_conntrack structure that connects of the related triggering of ip_conntrack_expect, obtain the IP address and the port of Intranet equipment, finish the forwarding work of data message;
(g) when Intranet equipment and outer net devices communicating, when the message that is dealt into described outer net equipment when described Intranet equipment reaches described gateway device, enter described conntrack module, the ip_conntrack structure that finds the corresponding forwarding of this connection to connect, in this ip_conntrack structure, obtain the source of preservation, the address information of destination device, then message is carried out the source port address transition and send;
When the message that turns back to described Intranet equipment when described outer net equipment arrives described gateway device, enter described conntrack module, the ip_conntrack structure that finds the corresponding forwarding of this connection to connect, in this ip_conntrack structure, obtain the source of preservation, the address information of destination device, message is carried out the destination interface address transition and sends, after finishing transfer of data, discharge ip_conntrack structure and the ip_conntrack_expect structure set up, finish.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: the port parameter of described step (a) configuration also comprises the agreement that triggers the message use, in the described step (c), described trigger condition also comprises the triggering port of agreement that Intranet equipment sends the destination interface of message and use and configuration and triggers the agreement of message use all identical.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: the port parameter of described step (a) configuration also comprises the agreement that E-Packets and use, in the described step (e), described forwarding condition comprises that also the destination interface of outer net equipment returned packet is the port in the described port set, and the agreement of its use is identical with the agreement of the use that E-Packets of configuration.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: described step (a) is to carry out the configuration of described parameter by a configured port, then the parameter that configures is passed to the Linux protocol stack module, is set to connection tracking conntrack part and address transition nat initial condition partly.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: in the described step (b), when described message passes through address transition nat module, by address transition assistant nat_helper structure, check triggering to connect, and be the ip_conntrack_expect structure assignment.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: in the described step (e), also IP address and the remote port with described outer net equipment is saved in the described ip_conntrack_expect structure.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: in the described step (f), behind the IP address and port that obtain Intranet equipment, also it is write and transmit the ip_conntrack structure that connects.
Further, said method also can have following characteristics: in the described step (e), after setting up this forwarding ip_conntrack structure that connects and the ip_conntrack_expect Structural Interrelationship relation of preserving same port, also the IP address that obtains is written in this related ip_conntrack_expect structure with remote port information.
As from the foregoing, adopt method of the present invention, realize the port triggering function in the Linux protocol stack.This function has remedied the defective of existing Linux NAT crossing technology, and and port mapping, ALG ALG complements one another, by the present invention, avoided that crossing technology need be according to different application in the past, constantly revise the problem of protocol stack, similarly the ALG module is just realized by a PortTrigger module.Improved the compatibility between heterogeneous networks application and gateway device, reduced the technical costs of upgrading gateway, passed through the Linux NAT device for network application a better choice is provided.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention PortTrigger processing data packets flow process.
Fig. 2 is the associated diagram of the key data structure of embodiment of the invention PortTrigger.
Embodiment
The present invention adopts port arrangement and port to transmit and is separated and the dynamic open design philosophy of port, realizes the PortTrigger function at the Linux of NAT gateway device protocol stack.During network termination sends in the NAT gateway device is received packet, by judging, realize that these packets satisfy pre-configured trigger condition, will set up the mapping relations of NAT gateway port according to the open port of configuration to interior network termination, dynamically realize of the data interaction of outer network server by these ports and interior network termination, when connecting activity end, this PortTrigger closes this port mapping again automatically, improves security of system.
Have connection tracking (conntrack) module and address transition (nat) module in the Linux protocol stack.Address translation feature is to realize on the basis of connection tracking.Connection tracking as its name suggests, is exactly to follow the tracks of and the record connection status.Connection tracking is the basis of realizing address transition, must load this module when using address translation feature.
In order to handle the dynamic address and the port of application protocol the inside, each uses the agreement of dynamic address and port generally all to define data structure ip_conntrack_helper, and drops it off in the chained list of an overall situation.This quasi-protocol generally all can have the connection of triggering (also claiming control connection) to be connected (main index is according to connecting) two different connections with transmitting.And in this structure, defined the parameter of mating its agreement control connection.There is not corresponding ip_conntrack_helper structure (interface of Conntrack part in protocol stack that port triggers) when creating or more all can searching to have in the chained list during new construction ip_conntrack, if exist, the function of ip_conntrack_helper the inside can be created and the structure ip_conntrack_expect that triggers the join dependency connection according to address in the agreement and port, and dropped it off in the chained list of an overall situation, then, when setting up the forwarding connection, find this ip_conntrack_expect structure again, and it and newly-built ip_conntrack structure are coupled together.Incidence relation between triggering connection ip_conntrack structure, ip_conntrack_expect structure and the forwarding connection ip_conntrack structure as shown in Figure 2.Be associated by pointer between each structure.As the ip_conntrack structure (among the figure forwarding connect) of transmitting connection is by master pointed ip_conntrack_expect structure, and the like.
Though agreement originally is useful on connection tracking, manage the ip_conntrack structure of all connections and be used to realize the ip_conntrack_expect structure of ALG function.But how the two is used, to realize that port triggering function is that former protocols having does not have, the present invention has made full use of original framework, realizes port triggering function by designing new mechanism.
In order to realize the PortTrigger function, the present invention has increased following functional unit on the basis of former protocols having: parameter/configuration interface is used to dispose the application parameter of required PortTrigger.The trigger condition judging unit is used to judge whether the message that Intranet is sent meets user configured trigger condition.Transmit the condition judgment unit, judge whether the message that outer net is sent meets user configured forwarding condition.Simultaneously, also provide the working method of ip_conntrack_helper and Nat_helper, Ip_nat_helper, allowed it in time come into force and to lose efficacy, thereby realized port triggering function according to user configured triggering, forwarding condition.
Be that example is described the whole flow process that triggers connection, transmits connection now, the implementation procedure of port_trigger is described with a concrete network application.The triggering port of supposing this network application is UDP, and PORT 4000, and port set is TCP PORT 20000～20059, and handling process may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 1:
Step 1, the user is according to the requirement of application program, the required PortTrigger application parameter of configuration on gateway device, the agreement that has comprised relative trigger port, port set scope and triggered message and E-Packet and use, the triggering port of supposing configuration is UDP, PORT 4000, and the corresponding port group is TCPPORT 20000～20059;
Step 2, the port parameter that configures is passed to the Linux protocol stack module, be set to the initial condition of conntrack part and nat part, promptly, finish initial work as agreement and port information in ip_conntrack_helper and the Ip_nat_helper structure;
Step 3, when Intranet PC brings into operation web application, program outwards sends the triggering message, suppose that this message adopts udp protocol, port numbers is 4000, when message arrives the position of gateway, enters the conntrack module automatically, create and trigger the ip_conntrack structure that connects, and in this structure, preserve Intranet IP and Intranet source port;
Step 4, the trigger condition judging unit is with the destination interface in this message and agreement and user configured triggering port, triggering the agreement of message use compares, meet trigger condition if the both is identical, set up ip_conntrack_expect (track expectation table) structure by ip_conntrack_helper (connection tracking assistant) for each port in the port set of setting (TCP PORT 20000:20059), in this structure, deposit the port and protocol that distributes into this message, be used to promptly judge whether message needs the condition of transmitting: the destination interface that E-Packets and the agreement of use (referring to TCP PORT 20000:20059), and the ip_conntrack structurally associated connection that is connected with triggering;
If the agreement in this message is not agreement and the port that user configured triggering is connected with the port of destination address, then do not handle.
Step 5, along with triggering the continuation that connects, this message is by the nat_helper structure of nat module, this part begins to check and to the port information assignment trigger connecting, and affact the corresponding ip_conntrack_expect structure of this connection, be this ip_conntrack_expect structure assignment, promptly revise tuple parameter, the ip_conntrack_tuple structure of this inside configuration, the source IP address of Intranet PC and port information in the tax; After consulting with server end, gateway device sends to server with this message from the port (one of TCPPORT 20000～20059) that distributes;
Step 6, Intranet PC be connected with server triggers finish after, after server is received, send datagram to gateway, its destination interface scope is within TCP PORT 20000～20059;
Step 7, when data message arrives gateway device, automatically enter the conntrack module, create and transmit the ip_conntrack structure that connects, transmit this message of condition judgment unit judges and whether meet the forwarding condition, the agreement that is its use be the agreement used of E-Packeting of configuration and its destination interface be configuration the end group in port, if meet the forwarding condition, search the ip_conntrack_expect chained list according to its destination interface, find to trigger to connect the ip_conntrack_expect structure of creating, and set up incidence relation with it with same port (TCP PORT);
Normal process, trigger to connect and cause triggering, set the port mapping relation, do not set up owing to transmit this moment to connect also, do not know the IP address and the source port of far-end (generally being server), so this part field (the tuple field that refers to the Ip_conntrack_expect structure) is not filled in, when transmitting connection foundation, got access to the IP address, the ip_conntrack_tuple structure among the IP-conntrack that the forwarding of creating is connected after the information such as remote port and the tuple field of Ip_conntrack_expect structure are provided with, the information completely of the IP-conntrack structure that (be stored in tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_ORIGINAL] in) and forwarding are connected so that the Ip_conntrack_expect structure (be stored in tuplehash[IP_CT_DIR_REPLY] in);
Step 8, message enters the nat expect part of port_trigger, whether need to transmit by this message of ip_conntrack_expect structure decision that is associated that reads, as needs, find the ip_conntrack structure of related triggering connection again by internal pointer, obtain IP address and the port numbers of corresponding Intranet PC, be written to and transmit the ip_conntrack structure that connects, and, finish the forwarding work of data message then with its purpose IP address and port as data message;
Step 9, after the forwarding connection is also set up successfully, when the message that is dealt into outer net as Intranet PC reaches gateway, at first entered connection tracking (conntrack) module of Linux protocol stack, in this module, find the corresponding ip_conntrack structure of this connection, the source of configuration, the address information of destination device are carried out SNAT (source port address transition) to message then, and are sent before obtaining in this structure;
Step 10, and the message that returns from server later on (belonging to this forwarding connects) is when arriving gateway, enter connection tracking (conntrack) module of Linux protocol stack, also in this module, find the corresponding ip_conntrack structure of this connection, source, the destination device address information of configuration before in this structure, obtaining, be DNAT (destination interface address transition), send;
Step 11, Intranet PC and server carry out data communication by the port set of opening, after finishing transfer of data, trigger to connect ip_conntrack structure, ip_conntrack_expect structure and transmit the ip_conntrack structure that is connected and enter idle condition, along with the timer of this inside configuration enters the overtime stage, automatically nullified by protocol stack, the port mapping of this server and Intranet PC is cancelled, and protocol stack returns to the state before triggering.
The process that whole triggering connects has been described in this part, makes us be familiar with this configuration earlier, triggers again, and the last NAT that dynamically transmits passes through mechanism.With this mode of Port Trigger, solved in the past that NAT passes through the problem that needs continuous updating protocol stack, improve the compatibility of system, the convenience of configuration has very strong market application foreground.
Claims (8)
1, a kind of method that realizes port triggering function on the Linux protocol stack may further comprise the steps:
(a) configured port triggered parameter on gateway device comprises and triggers port and port set scope, and is saved in IP connection tracking assistant ip_conntrack_helper and the IP address transition assistant Ip_nat_helper structure;
When (b) message that sends of Intranet equipment arrives gateway device, enter connection tracking conntrack module automatically, create and trigger the IP connection tracking ip_conntrack structure that connects, and in this structure, preserve Intranet IP address and port;
(c) if this message meets trigger condition, described trigger condition comprises that the destination interface of this message is described triggering port, ip_conntrack_helper be described port set middle port that set up with the IP track expectation table ip_conntrack_expect structure ip_conntrack structure connection in deposit the port that distributes into this message, this message sends to outer net equipment again by address transition nat module from the port that distributes;
(d) described outer net equipment is to described gateway device returned packet, and message enters the conntrack module automatically, creates and transmits the ip_conntrack structure that connects;
(e) if this message that returns meets the forwarding condition, described forwarding condition comprises that the destination interface of this message is the port in the described port set, then set up this forwarding ip_conntrack structure that connects and the ip_conntrack_expect Structural Interrelationship relation of preserving same port, and the IP address and the remote port of in transmitting the ip-conntrack structure that connects, preserving described outer net equipment; This ip_conntrack_expect structure is the ip_conntrack_expect structure of the described ip_conntrack structure connection that is connected with triggering;
(f) this message that returns enters the network address and revises supplementary module nat_expect part, whether this message that returns of ip_conntrack_expect structure decision by association needs to transmit, as need find again with as described in the ip_conntrack structure that connects of the related triggering of ip_conntrack_expect, obtain the IP address and the port of Intranet equipment, finish the forwarding work of data message;
(g) when Intranet equipment and outer net devices communicating, when the message that is dealt into described outer net equipment when described Intranet equipment reaches described gateway device, enter described conntrack module, the ip_conntrack structure that finds the corresponding forwarding of this connection to connect, in this ip_conntrack structure, obtain the source of preservation, the address information of destination device, then message is carried out the source port address transition and send; When the message that turns back to described Intranet equipment when described outer net equipment arrives described gateway device, enter described conntrack module, the ip_conntrack structure that finds the corresponding forwarding of this connection to connect, in this ip_conntrack structure, obtain the source of preservation, the address information of destination device, message is carried out the destination interface address transition and sends; After finishing transfer of data, discharge ip_conntrack structure and the ip_conntrack_expect structure set up, finish.
2, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the port parameter of described step (a) configuration also comprises the agreement that triggers the message use, in the described step (c), described trigger condition also comprises the triggering port of agreement that Intranet equipment sends the destination interface of message and use and configuration and triggers the agreement of message use all identical.
3, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, the port parameter of described step (a) configuration also comprises the agreement that E-Packets and use, in the described step (e), described forwarding condition comprises that also the destination interface of outer net equipment returned packet is the port in the described port set, and the agreement of its use is identical with the agreement of the use that E-Packets of configuration.
4, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described step (a) is to carry out the configuration of described parameter by a configured port, then the parameter that configures is passed to the Linux protocol stack module, is set to connection tracking conntrack part and address transition nat initial condition partly.
5, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step (c), when described message passes through address transition nat module, by address transition assistant nat_helper structure, check triggering to connect, and compose source IP address and the port information of going up Intranet PC for the ip_conntrack_expect structure.
6, method as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, in the described step (e), also IP address and the remote port with described outer net equipment is saved in the described ip_conntrack_expect structure.
7, the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described step (f), behind the IP address and port that obtain Intranet equipment, also it is write and transmits the ip_conntrack structure that connects.
8, the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the described step (e), after setting up this forwarding ip_conntrack structure that connects and the ip_conntrack_expect Structural Interrelationship relation of preserving same port, also the IP address that obtains is written in this related ip_conntrack_expect structure with remote port information.
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| CN101931584A (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-12-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system supporting data forwarding among multiple protocol stacks in same system |
| CN101753640B (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2011-11-30 | 电子科技大学 | Multi-interface fusion method of communication node |
| CN103023942B (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2016-08-03 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | A kind of server load balancing method, Apparatus and system |
| CN106507028A (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2017-03-15 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | A kind of Intranet in television video call penetrates direct-connected method |
| CN107819621B (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2020-04-21 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Gateway configuration method and device and gateway |
| CN114422249A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-29 | 北京华电云博科技有限公司 | Modbus safety detection method |
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