CN100592427C - Abrasion wear process method and device of data block - Google Patents
Abrasion wear process method and device of data block Download PDFInfo
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- CN100592427C CN100592427C CN200710171786A CN200710171786A CN100592427C CN 100592427 C CN100592427 C CN 100592427C CN 200710171786 A CN200710171786 A CN 200710171786A CN 200710171786 A CN200710171786 A CN 200710171786A CN 100592427 C CN100592427 C CN 100592427C
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and an apparatus for solving the problem of data block wear treatment, which avoids data loss due to premature wear of storage devices caused by frequently writing physical blocks. The technical proposal of the invention includes the following steps: recording the wear records of a data block while the data block is operated; determining standby storage space whenthe wear records of the data block reach a critical value; updating the mapping from the physical address to the logical address in the data block; transferring the data in the data block to the standby storage space. The invention is applied to the storage device field.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disposal route and device of data wearing and tearing, relate in particular to a kind of abrasion wear process method and device data block in the memory device based on the wearing and tearing record.
Background technology
Existing disk unit uses self-monitoring analysis and reporting techniques standard (S.M.A.R.T), has the function of the bad disk sector of replay to not used standby sector.Yet these disk mechanism all depend on basically in the runtime and find the sector fault by observing writing of a failure.These algorithm hypothesis sector faults are unpredictable and are at random, therefore can only oppositely detect.
And for based on the equipment of flash memory (for example the array formed of flash card, USB flash disk, flash memory module etc.), the aggressive wearing and tearing prevention particular importance that seems, this be because the runtime finds that flash block lost efficacy and the disk technology to compare cost bigger.In disk, seek the time with respect to arm at a slow speed, the data that magnetic head can read back very soon and just write, just to need not with tangible performance be cost to data validation like this.Yet to the equipment based on flash memory, the access time is to read and write decision by the piece of reality, rather than a physical isolation.Thereby, examine to write and find to lose efficacy with extra read operation and will have a significant performance and be reduced to cost.This point is unacceptable to the equipment based on flash memory, because its handling capacity is a defective with respect to the disk technology.
Present flash memory is not avoided the mechanism of wearing and tearing, if the S.M.A.R.T technology of disk is incorporated in the flash memory, can't accomplish initiatively anti-wear in advance yet.For the reliability requirement of flash memory, demand the technology that a kind of wearing and tearing to flash memory storage prevent and handle urgently.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to address the above problem, a kind of abrasion wear process method of data block is provided, avoid because of frequently writing too early wearing and tearing so that the loss of data that physical block causes memory device.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block, avoided because of frequently writing too early wearing and tearing so that the loss of data that physical block causes memory device.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the present invention has disclosed a kind of abrasion wear process method of data block, comprising:
When data block is operated, put down in writing its wearing and tearing record;
When the wearing and tearing record of data block arrives critical value, determine the slack storage space;
The more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
Data on this data block are transferred in this slack storage space.
The abrasion wear process method of above-mentioned data block, wherein, these wearing and tearing are documented in each data block or are documented in a default storage space.
The abrasion wear process method of above-mentioned data block wherein, is determined this slack storage space in the single memory module at this data block place, perhaps determine this slack storage space in another memory module different with the memory module at this data block place.
The present invention has also disclosed a kind of abrasion wear process method of data block, comprising:
When data block is operated, put down in writing its wearing and tearing record;
When the wearing and tearing record of data block arrives critical value, determine the logical address and the physical address of replace block;
The more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
To this data block and this replace block swap data.
The abrasion wear process method of above-mentioned data block wherein, is defined as this replace block with the minimum data block of wearing and tearing record.
The abrasion wear process method of above-mentioned data block, wherein, these wearing and tearing are documented in each data block or are documented in a default storage space.
The abrasion wear process method of above-mentioned data block wherein, is determined this replace block in the single memory module at this data block place, perhaps determine this replace block in another memory module different with the memory module at this data block place.
The abrasion wear process method of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this data block is the data block that is arranged in flash memory module.
The present invention has disclosed a kind of wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block, comprising:
Wearing and tearing record record module is put down in writing its wearing and tearing record when data block is operated;
Critical judge module, whether the wearing and tearing record of judgment data piece arrives critical value;
Slack storage space determination module is determined the slack storage space when this critical judge module is judged data block arrival critical value;
Piece map updating module, the more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
The data shift module is transferred to this slack storage space with the data in this data block.
The wearing and tearing treating apparatus of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this wearing and tearing record record module will wear and tear and will be documented in each data block or these wearing and tearing are write down and put down in writing module and will wear and tear and be documented in a default storage space.
The wearing and tearing treating apparatus of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this slack storage space determination module is to determine this slack storage space in the single memory module at this data block place, and perhaps this slack storage space determination module is to determine this slack storage space in another memory module different with the memory module at this data block place.
The present invention has also disclosed a kind of wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block, comprising:
Wearing and tearing record record module is put down in writing its wearing and tearing record when data block is operated;
Critical judge module, whether the wearing and tearing record of judgment data piece arrives critical value;
The replace block determination module is determined replace block when this critical judge module is judged data block arrival critical value;
Piece map updating module, the more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
Data exchange module is to this data block and this replace block swap data.
The wearing and tearing treating apparatus of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this replace block determination module will wear and tear the record minimum data block be defined as this replace block.
The wearing and tearing treating apparatus of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this wearing and tearing record record module will wear and tear and will be documented in each data block or these wearing and tearing are write down and put down in writing module and will wear and tear and be documented in a default storage space.
The wearing and tearing treating apparatus of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this replace block determination module is to determine this replace block in the single memory module at this data block place, and perhaps this replace block determination module is to determine this replace block in another memory module different with the memory module at this data block place.
The wearing and tearing treating apparatus of above-mentioned data block, wherein, this data block is the data block that is arranged in flash memory module.
The present invention contrasts prior art following beneficial effect: the history that writes that the present invention follows the tracks of each physical block by the wearing and tearing record, it is any special in the data block of damaging to be able to accurate tracking.After finding this data block, replay has been avoided damage like this to another physical location.The contrast prior art has greatly improved the storage life based on flash memory.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of first embodiment of the abrasion wear process method of data block of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the block diagram of first embodiment of flash memory device.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of second embodiment of flash memory device.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of second embodiment of the abrasion wear process method of data block of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the block diagram of first embodiment of the wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the block diagram of second embodiment of the wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Fig. 1 shows the flow process of first embodiment of the abrasion wear process method of data block of the present invention.Seeing also Fig. 1, is the detailed description to each step in this method below.
Step S10: when data block is operated, put down in writing its wearing and tearing record.
Operation can comprise read data, write data or read and write data that corresponding, the wearing and tearing record can be the number of times of read data on this data block, the number of times of write data or the number of times that reads and writes data.Preferably, will be on data block the number of times of write data as wearing and tearing number of times record.
The wearing and tearing of each data block can be documented in the storage space of this data block self, for example all leave one section byte in each data block, be used to store the wearing and tearing record of himself.Also can be documented in a special storage space to the unification of the wearing and tearing of each data block record, for example in a memory module, independently open up a storage space, be specifically designed to the wearing and tearing record of all data blocks of storage.
Here said data block preferably refers to the data block of flash memory storage, can certainly be the data block of other memory technologies.
Step S12: when the wearing and tearing record of data block arrives critical value, determine the slack storage space.
The slack storage space is the data block of one or more blank normally.In general, flash memory device has two kinds of implementations, and a kind of is the mode of single flash memory module as shown in Figure 2, and device comprises physics input/output interface 30, flash controller 31 and single flash memory module 32; Another kind is the mode of flash array as shown in Figure 3, and device comprises physics input/output interface 40, flash array controller 41 and flash array 42, and wherein flash array 42 is made of a plurality of flash memory module 421～42N arranged side by side.Wherein flash controller 31 and flash array controller 41 all mappings of completion logic address and physical address in device separately.
For the embodiment of Fig. 2, owing to be single flash memory module, slack storage space and this data block are positioned at same flash memory module 32.
For the embodiment of Fig. 3, owing to be a plurality of flash memory modules, slack storage space and this data block can be positioned at same flash memory module, also can be positioned at different flash memory modules.
Step S14: the more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address.
In the physical block of abandoning wearing and tearing, need upgrade the mapping relations of original physical address and logical address.
Step S16: the data on the wear data piece are transferred in the slack storage space.
Corresponding to step S12, in the embodiment of Fig. 2, data are transferred to another Blank data block that is arranged in same flash memory module.In the embodiments of figure 3, data are transferred in the Blank data block of another flash memory module.
Fig. 4 shows the flow process of another embodiment of the abrasion wear process method of data block of the present invention.Seeing also Fig. 4, is the detailed description to each step in this method below.
Step S20: when data block is operated, put down in writing its wearing and tearing record.
Operation can comprise read data, write data or read and write data that corresponding, the wearing and tearing record can be the number of times of read data on this data block, the number of times of write data or the number of times that reads and writes data.Preferably, will be on data block the number of times of write data as wearing and tearing number of times record.
The wearing and tearing of each data block can be documented in the storage space of this data block self, for example all leave one section byte in each data block, be used to store the wearing and tearing record of himself.Also can be documented in a special storage space to the unification of the wearing and tearing of each data block record, for example in a memory module, independently open up a storage space, be specifically designed to the wearing and tearing record of all data blocks of storage.
Here said data block preferably refers to the data block of flash memory storage, can certainly be the data block of other memory technologies.
Step S22: when the wearing and tearing record of data block arrives critical value, determine the logical address and the physical address of replace block.
Preferably, the minimum data block of wearing and tearing record is defined as replace block.For the embodiment of Fig. 2, owing to be single flash memory module, replace block and data block are positioned at same flash memory module 32.For the embodiment of Fig. 3, owing to be a plurality of flash memory modules, replace block and data block can be positioned at same flash memory module, also can be positioned at different flash memory modules.
Step S24: the more physical address of new data block and logical address.
In two physical block data of exchange, need upgrade the mapping relations of original physical address and logical address.
Step S26: to data block and replace block swap data.
Corresponding to step S22, in the embodiment of Fig. 2, data block is carried out exchanges data with the replace block that is positioned at same flash memory module.In the embodiments of figure 3, the replace block of data block and another flash memory module carries out exchanges data.
Based on the method for Fig. 1, Fig. 5 shows the example of corresponding device.See also Fig. 5, device 5 comprises wearing and tearing record record module 50, critical judge module 51, slack storage space determination module 52, piece map updating module 53 and data shift module 54.
Wherein wearing and tearing record record module 50 is put down in writing its wearing and tearing record when data block is operated.Here said operation can comprise read data, write data or read and write data that corresponding, the wearing and tearing record can be the number of times of read data on this data block, the number of times of write data or the number of times that reads and writes data.Preferably, will be on data block the number of times of write data as wearing and tearing number of times record.The wearing and tearing of each data block can be documented in the storage space of this data block self, for example all leave one section byte in each data block, be used to store the wearing and tearing record of himself.Also can be documented in a special storage space to the unification of the wearing and tearing of each data block record, for example in a memory module, independently open up a storage space, be specifically designed to the wearing and tearing record of all data blocks of storage.Here said data block preferably refers to the data block of flash memory storage, can certainly be the data block of other memory technologies.
Whether the wearing and tearing record of critical judge module 51 judgment data pieces arrives critical value.
Slack storage space determination module 52 is judged at critical judge module 51 and is determined the slack storage space when data block arrives critical value.The slack storage space is the data block of one or more blank normally.In general, flash memory device has two kinds of implementations, and a kind of is the mode of single flash memory module as shown in Figure 2, and device comprises physics input/output interface 30, flash controller 31 and single flash memory module 32; Another kind is the mode of flash array as shown in Figure 3, and device comprises physics input/output interface 40, flash array controller 41 and flash array 42, and wherein flash array 42 is made of a plurality of flash memory module 421～42N arranged side by side.Wherein flash controller 31 and flash array controller 41 all mappings of completion logic address and physical address in device separately.For the embodiment of Fig. 2, owing to be single flash memory module, slack storage space and this data block are positioned at same flash memory module 32.For the embodiment of Fig. 3, owing to be a plurality of flash memory modules, slack storage space and this data block can be positioned at same flash memory module, also can be positioned at different flash memory modules.
The more physical address of new data block and the mapping of logical address of piece map updating module 53.In the physical block of abandoning wearing and tearing, need the mapping relations of 53 pairs of original physical addresss of piece map updating module and logical address to upgrade.
Based on the method embodiment of Fig. 4, Fig. 6 shows the wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block.See also Fig. 6, device 6 comprises wearing and tearing record record module 60, critical judge module 61, replace block determination module 62, piece map updating module 63 and data exchange module 64.
Wearing and tearing record record module 60 is put down in writing its wearing and tearing record when data block is operated.Embodiment is described in the foregoing description, does not repeat them here.
Whether the wearing and tearing record of critical judge module 61 judgment data pieces arrives critical value.
Replace block determination module 62 is judged at critical judge module 61 and is determined replace block when data block arrives critical value.Preferably, replace block determination module 62 will wear and tear the record minimum data block be defined as replace block.For the embodiment of Fig. 2, owing to be single flash memory module, replace block and data block are positioned at same flash memory module 32.For the embodiment of Fig. 3, owing to be a plurality of flash memory modules, replace block and data block can be positioned at same flash memory module, also can be positioned at different flash memory modules.
Piece map updating module 63 is the physical address and the logical address of new data block more.In two physical block data of exchange, need upgrade the mapping relations of original physical address and logical address.
64 pairs of data blocks of data exchange module and replace block swap data.In the embodiment of Fig. 2, data block is carried out exchanges data with the replace block that is positioned at same flash memory module.In the embodiments of figure 3, owing to be a plurality of flash memory modules, data block and can carry out exchanges data with the replace block of same flash memory module also can be carried out exchanges data with the replace block of another flash memory module.
The foregoing description provides to those of ordinary skills and realizes or use of the present invention; those of ordinary skills can be under the situation that does not break away from invention thought of the present invention; the foregoing description is made various modifications or variation; thereby protection scope of the present invention do not limit by the foregoing description, and should be the maximum magnitude that meets the inventive features that claims mention.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of abrasion wear process method of data block, this data block are arranged in one of them flash memory module of flash array, and flash array is made of a plurality of flash memory modules, comprising:
When data block is operated, put down in writing its wearing and tearing record;
When the wearing and tearing of data block record arrived critical value, the data block of one or more blank that will be arranged in same flash memory module or different flash memory modules was as the slack storage space;
The more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
Data on this data block are transferred in this slack storage space.
2, the abrasion wear process method of data block according to claim 1 is characterized in that, these wearing and tearing are documented in each data block or are documented in a default storage space.
3, a kind of abrasion wear process method of data block, this data block are arranged in one of them flash memory module of flash array, and flash array is made of a plurality of flash memory modules, comprising:
When data block is operated, put down in writing its wearing and tearing record;
When the wearing and tearing of data block record arrives critical value, with the piece as an alternative of the data block in same flash memory module or the different flash memory module, and the logical address of definite replace block and physical address;
The more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
To this data block and this replace block swap data.
4, the abrasion wear process method of data block according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the minimum data block of wearing and tearing record in the flash memory module is defined as this replace block.
5, the abrasion wear process method of data block according to claim 3 is characterized in that, these wearing and tearing are documented in each data block or are documented in a default storage space.
6, a kind of wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block, this device is arranged in flash array, and flash array is made of a plurality of flash memory modules, and this device comprises:
Wearing and tearing record record module is put down in writing its wearing and tearing record when the data block in the flash memory module is operated;
Critical judge module, whether the wearing and tearing record of judgment data piece arrives critical value;
Slack storage space determination module is judged the data block of one or more blank that will be arranged in same flash memory module or different flash memory modules when data block arrives critical value as the slack storage space at this critical judge module;
Piece map updating module, the more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
The data shift module is transferred to this slack storage space with the data in this data block.
7, the wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block according to claim 6, it is characterized in that this wearing and tearing record record module will wear and tear and is documented in each data block or these wearing and tearing are write down and put down in writing module and will wear and tear and be documented in a default storage space.
8, a kind of wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block, this device is arranged in flash array, and flash array is made of a plurality of flash memory modules, and this device comprises:
Wearing and tearing record record module is put down in writing its wearing and tearing record when data block is operated;
Critical judge module, whether the wearing and tearing record of judgment data piece arrives critical value;
The replace block determination module, when this critical judge module is judged data block and is arrived critical value, with the piece as an alternative of the data block in same flash memory module or the different flash memory module, and the logical address of definite replace block and physical address;
Piece map updating module, the more mapping of the physical address of new data block and logical address;
Data exchange module is to this data block and this replace block swap data.
9, the wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block according to claim 8 is characterized in that, this replace block determination module will wear and tear the record minimum data block be defined as this replace block.
10, the wearing and tearing treating apparatus of data block according to claim 8, it is characterized in that this wearing and tearing record record module will wear and tear and is documented in each data block or these wearing and tearing are write down and put down in writing module and will wear and tear and be documented in a default storage space.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710171786A CN100592427C (en) | 2007-12-05 | 2007-12-05 | Abrasion wear process method and device of data block |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200710171786A CN100592427C (en) | 2007-12-05 | 2007-12-05 | Abrasion wear process method and device of data block |
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| CN101178942A CN101178942A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| CN100592427C true CN100592427C (en) | 2010-02-24 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8463991B2 (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2013-06-11 | Pure Storage Inc. | Intra-device data protection in a raid array |
| FR2977047B1 (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2013-08-16 | Starchip | METHOD FOR MANAGING ENDURANCE OF NONVOLATILE MEMORIES |
| CN104375953B (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2018-07-06 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | Apparatus control method and electronic equipment |
| US9245619B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 | 2016-01-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Memory device with memory buffer for premature read protection |
| CN104699227A (en) * | 2015-04-01 | 2015-06-10 | 苏州壹世通科技有限公司 | Power supply control method and device |
| CN112988037A (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-18 | 国民技术股份有限公司 | Static wear leveling method, terminal and computer-readable storage medium |
| CN111258925B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-05-27 | 中国科学院微电子研究所 | Nonvolatile memory access method, nonvolatile memory access device, memory controller, nonvolatile memory device and nonvolatile memory medium |
| CN112256207A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-22 | 深圳市芯天下技术有限公司 | Method, device, storage medium and terminal for prolonging erasing and writing life of nonvolatile flash memory |
| CN115793987B (en) * | 2023-01-09 | 2023-05-09 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Wear balancing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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