CN101072046B - Multi-path selecting method and receiver - Google Patents

Multi-path selecting method and receiver Download PDF

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CN101072046B
CN101072046B CN200710127631XA CN200710127631A CN101072046B CN 101072046 B CN101072046 B CN 101072046B CN 200710127631X A CN200710127631X A CN 200710127631XA CN 200710127631 A CN200710127631 A CN 200710127631A CN 101072046 B CN101072046 B CN 101072046B
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time delay
delay profile
amplitude
amplitude time
secondary lobe
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CN101072046A (en
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徐海燕
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-path selection method and receiver thereof. The receiver comprises multi-path searcher for conducting different delay matching relative integration adopting local interference code and providing respectively each multi-path delay to at least a demodulator, at least a demodulator for conducting data demodulating according to the multi-path delay from the multi-path searcher and sending the modulation result to the path combiner, a path combiner for combining paths and out-putting the result. The invention can effectively shield false path resulted by peak side lobe so as to avoid capacity loss resulted by false path participating demodulation system.

Description

Multi-path selecting method and receiver
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, relate more specifically to a kind of multi-path selecting method and a kind of receiver.
Background technology
In the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system, the wireless interface receiving end is correlated with the recovering information symbol with chip sequence, uses the pilot signal in the Dedicated Physical Control Channel to estimate multidiameter delay at present usually.Do different delay relevant with known scrambler with pilot signal with the baseband signal that receives, obtain a correlation function.When relevant time-delay was identical with the time-delay in footpath, a peak value will appear in correlation function, and correlation function is with respect to the peak value symmetry.In the correlation function waveform, seek the time delay that the pairing time delay of peak value is exactly each footpath.
As shown in Figure 1, the waveform of correlation function reducing around its peak value symmetry.Also there is symmetrical a plurality of secondary lobe in correlation function except the peak value main lobe, its correlation function value successively decreases successively, is maximum with first secondary lobe.Under the signal to noise ratio condition with higher, first secondary lobe of multipath correlation peak is high more a lot of than noise correlation.
In the spread spectrum code division multiple access system, usually there are two class multi-path thresholds to be provided with and the multipath determination methods at present: first kind method, in the not high system of multipath false-alarm performance requirement, noise gate directly is set, the correlation peak that surpasses this thresholding will further carry out multipath and judge.Adopt this class methods, under the situation of high s/n ratio, the peak value secondary lobe will be chosen as multipath and participate in demodulation, causes SIR to estimate problems such as on the low side, causes disturbing under the effect of inner-loop power control increasing, and power system capacity descends.
Another kind of more advanced method is further the secondary lobe of multipath correlation peak to be handled being provided with on the basis of noise gate, and purpose is to avoid secondary lobe to cause false footpath.Propose in the patent " path-searcher and method for searching path " (application number CN200510074659): after obtaining power delay profile, discern the secondary lobe component that is included in the path in the described power delay profile by a secondary lobe generation unit (according to the response characteristic of the frequency band limits filter of described receiver), from power delay profile, remove the secondary lobe component then, to generate calibrated power delay profile, carry out the path afterwards and regularly detect.If but there is an other real multipath on the secondary lobe position of a multipath, the secondary lobe of removing article one multipath so can cause the loss of true multipath energy, may cause real multipath not to be detected.The method of calculating noise thresholding and secondary lobe thresholding that proposes in the patent " a kind of multi-path judging method of time division duplex mobile communication system " (application number CN200510093736) is respectively searched for multipath, wherein the secondary lobe thresholding is that multipath according to ceiling capacity calculates, and final multi-path threshold is the maximum of selecting in these two thresholdings.Though this method can effectively shield the false footpath of secondary lobe, can cause can't being detected of the more weak multipath of energy.
In a word, existing method can't guarantee that more weak multipath can be searched accurately in the false footpath of shielding secondary lobe, need to improve.
Summary of the invention
One or more problems in view of the above the invention provides a kind of multi-path selecting method and a kind of receiver.
According to multi-path selecting method of the present invention, may further comprise the steps: S402, the related operation that the baseband signal that receives and local scrambler and pilot tone are carried out different delay is to obtain correlation function, and correlation function is called as the amplitude time delay profile; S404 is provided with amplitude time delay profile noise gate, and obtains the amplitude time delay profile set above amplitude time delay profile noise gate; S406 selects maximum amplitude time delay profile to be saved in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set from the set of amplitude time delay profile, deletion amplitude peak time delay profile and main lobe envelope thereof from the set of amplitude time delay profile; S408, calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile, and check the locational amplitude time delay profile of secondary lobe that whether has amplitude peak time delay profile in the set of amplitude time delay profile, exist on the secondary lobe position under amplitude time delay profile and its situation greater than the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile, the locational amplitude time delay profile of deletion secondary lobe, otherwise do not handle; S410 if also have untreated amplitude time delay profile in the amplitude time delay profile set, then goes to step S404, otherwise, with the amplitude time delay profile in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set as the multidiameter of selecting.
Wherein, calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile according to following formula: T _ sidelobe = ADP ′ 5 + ( 2 * ADPmean - ADP min ) * α , Wherein, T_sidelobe represents the secondary lobe thresholding, ADP ' expression amplitude peak time-delay profile, ADPmean represents only to comprise amplitude peak time-delay profile and noise amplitude is delayed time profile in interior magnitude time delay profile average, ADPmin represents the minimum value of all magnitude time delay profiles, α represents the secondary lobe adjustment factor, and its span is 0~1.Multi-path selecting method according to the present invention is used for the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system.
Receiver according to the present invention comprises: multipath is used to adopt local scrambler that the baseband signal of input is carried out the coupling correlation intergal of different delay, and the time delay of each multipath is offered at least one demodulator respectively; And at least one demodulator, be used for carrying out data demodulates, and demodulation result is sent to the path combiner according to multidiameter delay from multipath; And the path combiner, be used for demodulation result is carried out that the path merges and amalgamation result is exported.
Wherein, multipath comprises: the relevant matches module, be used to adopt local scrambler that the baseband signal of income is carried out relevant matches and obtain the amplitude time delay function, and will export noise gate computing module and multipath selection module to by the amplitude time delay profile that the amplitude time delay function obtains; The noise gate computing module is used for according to amplitude time delay profile estimating noise thresholding, and the noise gate that estimates is sent to multipath selection module; And multipath selection module, according to noise gate and the final multipath of selecting of amplitude time delay function selecting range time delay profile conduct.
Wherein, multipath selects module to comprise: the set generation module, be used for the set of initialization amplitude time delay profile for empty, and the amplitude time delay profile that will surpass described noise gate is according to by being added into during the amplitude time delay profile gathers to weak order by force; First processing module is used for selecting maximum amplitude time delay profile to be saved in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set from the set of amplitude time delay profile deletion amplitude peak time delay profile and main lobe envelope thereof from the set of amplitude time delay profile; And second processing module, calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile, and check the locational amplitude time delay profile of secondary lobe that whether has amplitude peak time delay profile in the set of amplitude time delay profile, exist on the secondary lobe position under amplitude time delay profile and its situation greater than the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile, the locational amplitude time delay profile of deletion secondary lobe, otherwise do not handle; In amplitude time delay profile set, do not have untreated amplitude time delay profile, with the amplitude time delay profile in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set as the multidiameter of selecting.Receiver according to the present invention is used for the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system.
The present invention can effectively shield the false footpath that the peak value secondary lobe causes under the situation of high s/n ratio, thereby can avoid false footpath to participate in separating the capacitance loss of assigning system to cause; And can guarantee that the more weak multipath of energy is effectively detected and participate in demodulation, has taken into account system's demodulation performance; Secondary lobe thresholding computational methods are easy to realize in addition.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the oscillogram of correlation function;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart according to the Rake receiver of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the multipath modular structure figure according to the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the overview flow chart according to the multi-path selecting method of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the detail flowchart according to multi-path selecting method in the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is a multipath secondary lobe THRESHOLD ESTIMATION simulation result schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is the simulation result schematic diagram that multipath ADP is subjected to the secondary lobe influence; And
Fig. 8 uses the embodiment of the invention to carry out the schematic diagram that the multipath peak value is selected at WCDMA.
Embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail.
With reference to figure 2, the Rake receiver according to the embodiment of the invention is described.As shown in Figure 2, this Rake receiver comprises: multipath 202, path combiner 204 and demodulator 206.Baseband signal is delivered to respectively in multipath and M the demodulator.Multipath carries out the coupling correlation intergal of different delay with local scrambler to baseband signal, finds out the time delay of each multipath, offers each demodulator respectively.Demodulator carries out the demodulation of data, and demodulation result is delivered to the path combiner merges according to each the footpath time delay that obtains, and exports then.
As shown in Figure 3, the multipath 202 according to the embodiment of the invention comprises relevant matches module 2022, noise gate computing module 2024 and multipath selection module 2026.Baseband signal X (k) input relevant matches module, it is output as the amplitude time delay function ADP ( s ) = Σ n = 1 N NCA | Σ i = 1 N CA X ( n * N CA + s + i ) * c * ( n * N CA + i ) * pilot ( n * N CA + i ) | , Wherein NCA is the chip lengths of coherent accumulation, and NNCA is a non-coherent accumulation length, and c* (k) is the complex conjugate of scrambler, and pilot (k) is the frequency expansion sequence of frequency pilot sign, and s is the time delay sampled point in the multipath search window.ADP (s) exports to the noise gate computing module respectively and multipath is selected module.The noise gate computing module is according to ADP (s) estimating noise thresholding, can adopt fixed threshold method and dynamic threshold method etc., but principle all is to set noise gate Th1 by the average of calculating noise ADP and variance, concrete Th1=noise ADP average+m* noise ADP variance, wherein, the m span is [1 ... 5], the probability of the high more noise path of representing thresholding of m value is low more.Noise gate Th1 and ADP (s) are input to multipath and select module to carry out multipath peak value selection operation, and the time-delay of the multipath Peak (n) that finally selects will be fed to demodulator and carry out multi-path demodulation.
Wherein, multipath selects module to comprise: the set generation module, be used for the set of initialization amplitude time delay profile for empty, and the amplitude time delay profile that will surpass described noise gate is according to by being added into during the amplitude time delay profile gathers to weak order by force; First processing module is used for selecting maximum amplitude time delay profile to be saved in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set from the set of amplitude time delay profile deletion amplitude peak time delay profile and main lobe envelope thereof from the set of amplitude time delay profile; And second processing module, calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile, and check the locational amplitude time delay profile of secondary lobe that whether has amplitude peak time delay profile in the set of amplitude time delay profile, exist on the secondary lobe position under amplitude time delay profile and its situation greater than the secondary lobe thresholding of amplitude peak time delay profile, the locational amplitude time delay profile of deletion secondary lobe, otherwise do not handle; In amplitude time delay profile set, do not have untreated amplitude time delay profile, with the amplitude time delay profile in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set as the multidiameter of selecting.
With reference to figure 4, the multi-path selecting method according to the embodiment of the invention is described.As shown in Figure 4, this multi-path selecting method may further comprise the steps:
S402 does the related operation of different delay with the baseband signal that receives and local scrambler and pilot tone, obtains a correlation function, is referred to as amplitude time delay profile (Amplitude DelayProfile is called for short ADP).
S404 is provided with the ADP noise gate, obtains some ADP S set ADP that surpass noise gate, SADP={ADP (s0), ADP (s1) ..., ADP (si) ... ADP (sN) }, wherein, ADP (s0)>=ADP (s1)>=... ADP (si)>=...>=ADP (sN).
S406, ADP peak value select and the deletion of main lobe envelope.From SADP, select maximum ADP (being designated as ADP ') and be saved among the peak A DP S set Peak, from SADP, delete ADP ' then.Check the main lobe envelope that whether comprises ADP ' among the SADP,, also from SADP, delete if having.
S408, ADP peak value secondary lobe judge and handle.Calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of ADP ' T _ sidelobe = ADP ′ 5 + ( 2 * ADPmean - ADP min ) * α , Wherein, ADPmean only comprises ADP ' and noise ADP in interior ADP average (getting rid of the influence of other multipaths ADP), and ADPmin is the minimum value of all ADP, and α is that secondary lobe is adjusted the factor, span (0~1).Check the secondary lobe position ADP whether ADP ' is arranged among the SADP,, then from SADP, delete, otherwise do not process if having and its ADP<=T_sidelobe.
S410 if also have untreated ADP among the SADP, then forwards step S406 to, otherwise the end of peak value selection course, element is the ADP peak value of finally selecting among the SPeak.
With reference to figure 5, illustrate according to multi-path selecting method in the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system of the embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, this multi-path selecting method may further comprise the steps:
S502, initialization peak set Peak (n) are empty, and establish n=0, and n is that multipath is selected index.
S504, generated the ADP S set ADP of noise gate Th1: from the ADP (s) of relevant matches module output, search the ADP that all surpass noise gate Th1, then according to the ADP energy by being saved in S set ADP to weak order by force, SADP={ADP (s0), ADP (s1), ADP (si) ..., ADP (sN) }, wherein, ADP (s0)>=ADP (s1)>=... ADP (si)>=...>=ADP (sN).
S506, the average of calculating ADP (s) is designated as ADPmean.
S508, estimating noise ADP average: generate the set A DPnoise of a noise ADP, it is to be that ADPmean obtains by replacing among the ADP (s) corresponding to the ADP among the SADP, calculates the average of ADPnoise then, average as noise ADP is designated as Noisemean.
S510 judges whether that n equals L or SADP is sky, and wherein, L is the multipath number of selecting at most, and it is subject to the number of demodulator.If execution in step S512 then, otherwise finish.
S512, peak A DP selects: select maximum ADP from SADP, be designated as ADPpeak, preserve its multidiameter in multipath set Peak, and delete ADPpeak from SADP.
S514, the deletion of peak A DP main lobe envelope: whether in SADP have the main lobe of ADPpeak envelope, if ADP is arranged, then delete from SADP if searching.Deletion main lobe envelope is to remove from the ADP energy value of main lobe envelope position according to the desirable peak value shape of the scrambler auto-correlation function among Fig. 1.
S516, peak A DP secondary lobe thresholding T_sidelobe calculates: in theory, the secondary lobe of peak A DP ADP _ sidelobe = N NCA * ( N CA ) 2 * pilotEcNo 25 + 256 * N p , Wherein, pilotEcNo is the Ec/N0 of the pilot tone on the current peak A DP multi-path location, and as can be seen, the secondary lobe ADP of peak A DP is subjected to peak A DP and noise ADP influences jointly from formula, if calculate then the complexity height by this formula, is difficult to realize.Present embodiment has provided a formula that calculates the secondary lobe thresholding of peak A DP, this formula estimates that the secondary lobe ADP that obtains is more higher than actual value, this mainly is to consider that the relation that influences between secondary lobe ADP and the peak A DP that is subjected to noise and decline do not determine, have certain deviation, to cross the probability of thresholding therefore higher than secondary lobe actual value when providing formula in order to reduce actual secondary lobe.The secondary lobe THRESHOLD ESTIMATION formula that present embodiment provides is: T _ sidelobe = ADPpeak 5 + ( 2 * Noisemean + 2 * ADPpeak Sample - min ( S ADP ) ) * α , Wherein, Sample is a time delay sampled point number, i.e. search window width (chip) * chip samples rate, and α is that secondary lobe is adjusted the factor, span (0~1), choosing of α is relevant with the sampled point number.Fig. 6 uses the secondary lobe thresholding that this formula calculates in the WCDMA system, as can be seen, α=0.6 is a rational value.
S518, peak A DP secondary lobe is judged: check among the SADP whether the secondary lobe position ADP of ADPpeak is arranged, if having and its ADP<=T_sidelobe, then from SADP, delete, otherwise think that there is a true footpath in this secondary lobe position, do not process, be left to peak value selection next time.If there is a true footpath in the secondary lobe position of ADPpeak, but in the process of carrying out relevant matches, the ADP value in this true footpath can not increase owing to the existence of ADPpeak secondary lobe, even can reduce to some extent, Fig. 7 has carried out example to this phenomenon.Wherein, the result the when ADP of circle sign is a multipath, the ADP of asterisk sign is the result of multipath of delay variance 1.5 chips of two identical energies.As can be seen, the true secondary lobe that directly is subjected to another footpath influences the ADP value does not have increase to reduce on the contrary.Do not adopt the mode of similar main lobe envelope from ADP, to cut corresponding energy value when therefore handling secondary lobe here, but the character that will carry out secondary lobe is judged, exist this secondary lobe position in fact to have a multipath that really is if think, then do not cut its ADP value, thereby the ADP that has guaranteed true footpath does not lose, thereby has guaranteed the searching probability of multipath.
S520, n add up 1 and forward step S510 to.
Through behind the above step S502 to S520, element is the multidiameter of finally selecting among the Peak.
Fig. 8 uses the embodiment of the invention to carry out the schematic diagram that the multipath peak value is selected at WCDMA.Multipath 1 and multipath 2 intervals 1.5 chips.At first, judge that according to noise gate the secondary lobe ADP of multipath 1, multipath 2 and multipath 1 is selected as the candidate's multipath among the SADP; For the first time multipath is selected circulation: because multipath 1 is the strongest, will at first be selected as multipath be saved among the Peak and from SADP its main lobe envelope of deletion, the ADP to the secondary lobe position of multipath 1 handles then, finds also in SADP; Left secondary lobe is judged, found not surpass the secondary lobe thresholding, be judged as secondary lobe, directly from SADP, delete,, find to surpass the secondary lobe thresholding, be judged as true footpath, do not handle, finish circulation for the first time for right secondary lobe; For the second time multipath is selected circulation: multipath 2 is the strongest, will be selected as multipath be saved among the Peak and from SADP its main lobe envelope of deletion, the ADP to the secondary lobe position of multipath 1 handles then, finds not in SADP, finishes circulation for the second time; SADP is empty, and choosing finishes through process.What preserve among the final Peak is multipath 1 and multipath 2.As can be seen, adopt method of the present invention, both can effectively shield the false footpath that the peak value secondary lobe causes, have to guarantee that the more weak multipath of energy is effectively detected, and the secondary lobe thresholding computational methods that provide simply are easy to realize.
In sum, the present invention can effectively shield the false footpath that the peak value secondary lobe causes under the situation of high s/n ratio, thereby can avoid false footpath to participate in separating the capacitance loss of assigning system to cause; And can guarantee that the more weak multipath of energy is effectively detected and participate in demodulation, has taken into account system's demodulation performance; Secondary lobe thresholding computational methods are easy to realize in addition.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a multi-path selecting method is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
S402, the related operation that the baseband signal that receives and local scrambler and pilot tone are carried out different delay is to obtain correlation function, and described correlation function is called as the amplitude time delay profile;
S404 is provided with amplitude time delay profile noise gate, and obtains the amplitude time delay profile set that surpasses described amplitude time delay profile noise gate;
S406 selects maximum amplitude time delay profile to be saved in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set from described amplitude time delay profile set, described amplitude peak time delay profile of deletion and main lobe envelope thereof from described amplitude time delay profile set;
S408, calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of described amplitude peak time delay profile, and check the locational amplitude time delay profile of secondary lobe that whether has described amplitude peak time delay profile in the set of described amplitude time delay profile, exist on the described secondary lobe position under amplitude time delay profile and its situation greater than the secondary lobe thresholding of described amplitude peak time delay profile, delete the locational amplitude time delay profile of described secondary lobe, otherwise do not handle;
S410 if also have untreated amplitude time delay profile in the described amplitude time delay profile set, then goes to step S406, otherwise, with the amplitude time delay profile in the described amplitude time delay peak of profile value set as the multidiameter of selecting.
2. multi-path selecting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, calculates the secondary lobe thresholding of described amplitude peak time delay profile according to following formula:
Figure FSB00000184641500011
Wherein, T_sidelobe represents the secondary lobe thresholding, ADP ' expression amplitude peak time delay profile, ADPmean represents only to comprise described amplitude peak time delay profile and noise amplitude time delay profile in interior amplitude time delay profile average, ADPmin represents the minimum value of all amplitude time delay profiles, α represents the secondary lobe adjustment factor, and its span is 0~1.
3. multi-path selecting method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that described multi-path selecting method is used for the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system.
4. receiver is characterized in that comprising:
Multipath is used to adopt local scrambler that the baseband signal of input is carried out the coupling correlation intergal of different delay, and the time delay of each multipath is offered at least one demodulator respectively; And
Described at least one demodulator is used for carrying out data demodulates according to the multidiameter delay from described multipath, and demodulation result is sent to the path combiner; And
Described path combiner is used for demodulation result is carried out that the path merges and with amalgamation result output,
Wherein, described multipath comprises:
The relevant matches module, be used to adopt local scrambler that the baseband signal of input is carried out relevant matches and obtain the amplitude time delay function, described amplitude time delay function is called as the amplitude time delay profile, exports described amplitude time delay profile to noise gate computing module and multipath selection module;
Described noise gate computing module is used for according to described amplitude time delay profile estimating noise thresholding, and the noise gate that estimates is sent to described multipath selection module; And
Described multipath is selected module, according to described noise gate and the final multipath of selecting of described amplitude time delay function selecting range time delay profile conduct,
Wherein, described multipath selects module to comprise:
First processing module is used for selecting maximum amplitude time delay profile to be saved in the amplitude time delay peak of profile value set from the set of amplitude time delay profile, described amplitude peak time delay profile of deletion and main lobe envelope thereof from described amplitude time delay profile set; And
Second processing module, calculate the secondary lobe thresholding of described amplitude peak time delay profile, and check the locational amplitude time delay profile of secondary lobe that whether has described amplitude peak time delay profile in the set of described amplitude time delay profile, exist on the described secondary lobe position under amplitude time delay profile and its situation greater than the secondary lobe thresholding of described amplitude peak time delay profile, delete the locational amplitude time delay profile of described secondary lobe, otherwise do not handle; In the set of described amplitude time delay profile, do not have untreated amplitude time delay profile, with the amplitude time delay profile in the described amplitude time delay peak of profile value set as the multidiameter of selecting.
5. receiver according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described multipath selects module also to comprise:
The set generation module is used for the set of the described amplitude time delay profile of initialization for empty, and the amplitude time delay profile that will surpass described noise gate is according to by being added into during described amplitude time delay profile gathers to weak order by force.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described receivers, it is characterized in that described receiver is used for the Direct-Spread code division multiple access system.
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CN102045084B (en) * 2009-10-26 2013-12-04 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Multi-path searching method and device
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CN1697336A (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 株式会社Ntt都科摩 Path searcher and path searching method
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CN1697336A (en) * 2004-05-13 2005-11-16 株式会社Ntt都科摩 Path searcher and path searching method
CN1925470A (en) * 2005-08-29 2007-03-07 中兴通讯股份有限公司 Multi-path judging method for time-division duplex mobile communication system

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