CN101166454A - 地板清扫擦洗机 - Google Patents

地板清扫擦洗机 Download PDF

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CN101166454A
CN101166454A CNA2006800144552A CN200680014455A CN101166454A CN 101166454 A CN101166454 A CN 101166454A CN A2006800144552 A CNA2006800144552 A CN A2006800144552A CN 200680014455 A CN200680014455 A CN 200680014455A CN 101166454 A CN101166454 A CN 101166454A
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hopper
waste
cleaning head
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waste hopper
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CN100563543C (zh
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迈克尔·T·巴沙姆
沃伦·L·拉松
特伦斯·A·彼得森
理查德·W·韦伦斯
马克·J·弗雷格尔
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Tennant Co
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/29—Floor-scrubbing machines characterised by means for taking-up dirty liquid
    • A47L11/30—Floor-scrubbing machines characterised by means for taking-up dirty liquid by suction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/02—Floor surfacing or polishing machines
    • A47L11/10—Floor surfacing or polishing machines motor-driven
    • A47L11/14—Floor surfacing or polishing machines motor-driven with rotating tools
    • A47L11/16—Floor surfacing or polishing machines motor-driven with rotating tools the tools being disc brushes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/24—Floor-sweeping machines, motor-driven
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/28—Floor-scrubbing machines, motor-driven
    • A47L11/282—Floor-scrubbing machines, motor-driven having rotary tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/29—Floor-scrubbing machines characterised by means for taking-up dirty liquid
    • A47L11/30—Floor-scrubbing machines characterised by means for taking-up dirty liquid by suction
    • A47L11/302—Floor-scrubbing machines characterised by means for taking-up dirty liquid by suction having rotary tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4011—Regulation of the cleaning machine by electric means; Control systems and remote control systems therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4013—Contaminants collecting devices, i.e. hoppers, tanks or the like
    • A47L11/4016—Contaminants collecting devices, i.e. hoppers, tanks or the like specially adapted for collecting fluids
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4013—Contaminants collecting devices, i.e. hoppers, tanks or the like
    • A47L11/4025—Means for emptying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4027—Filtering or separating contaminants or debris
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4036—Parts or details of the surface treating tools
    • A47L11/4044—Vacuuming or pick-up tools; Squeegees
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4052—Movement of the tools or the like perpendicular to the cleaning surface
    • A47L11/4055—Movement of the tools or the like perpendicular to the cleaning surface for lifting the tools to a non-working position
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/4063—Driving means; Transmission means therefor
    • A47L11/4069—Driving or transmission means for the cleaning tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
    • A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
    • A47L11/408—Means for supplying cleaning or surface treating agents
    • A47L11/4088—Supply pumps; Spraying devices; Supply conduits

Abstract

一种硬地板清扫和擦洗机(100)包括移动体，所述移动体包括支撑在于表面(120)上方运动的轮子(118)上的框架(116)；机动的清洁头(104)；废物仓斗(106)；仓斗起重机(108)；以及真空橡胶扫帚(152)。所述机动的清洁头附加在移动体上，且被构造用于进行所述表面上的清扫和擦洗操作，所述废物仓斗位于所述清洁头的后侧(136)，并被构造用于在表面清扫操作过程中接收从清洁头中放出的废物(128)，所述仓斗起重机被构造用于将废物仓斗从操作位置(180)提升到倾倒位置(182)上，在所述操作位置上，所述废物仓斗定位到所述清洁头的附近，在所述倾倒位置上，所述废物定位用于倾倒收集在废物仓斗中的废物。在一个实施例中，所述真空橡胶扫帚附加在所述仓斗起重机上。还公开了采用所述机器的实施例的一种清洁表面的方法。

Description

地板清扫擦洗机
背景技术
公共的、商业的、社会机构的和工业的建筑物的地板清扫已经导致了多种专用的地板清扫和擦洗机的开发。这些机器包括专用的地板清扫机、专用的地板擦洗机以及组合地板清扫和擦洗机。
图1是在专利号为4,571,771的美国专利中描述的专用地板清扫机200的示例的侧视图，所述美国专利被授予明尼苏达州的Tennant Company ofMinneapolis。清扫机200包括旋转圆柱形刷202，所述刷202与地板204相接触，并将松散的废屑扔进仓斗(hopper)206中，所述仓斗206由人工或通过机动的起重机周期性地清空。
图2是在专利号为5,016,310的美国专利中描述的专用的地板擦洗机210的示例的侧视图，所述美国专利被授予Tennant Company。地板擦洗机210将清洗溶液从机载水箱施加到地板212上，用一个或多个旋转刷214搅动所述清洗溶液，以将附着在地板212上的污物松散化，并使污物悬浮在清洗溶液中，以形成废液。然后，用真空橡胶扫帚(vacuum squeegee)216汲取废液并存储在机载水箱218中。
开发组合地板清扫和擦洗机以便避免必需使用两种机器。一些地板清扫和擦洗机通过将清扫部件安装到专用擦洗机的前端以形成一个大的多功能的机器而被制成。图3是专利号为5,943,724的美国专利中所述的这种机器220的示例的侧视图，所述美国专利被授予Tennant Company。所述清扫部件，例如专用的清扫刷222和废物仓斗224，从专用的清扫机中伸出，并执行地板上的清扫操作。专用的擦洗机的擦洗部件，例如专用的擦洗刷226、真空橡胶扫帚228以及清洗液喷洒器，执行地板上的擦洗操作。
图4是专利号为5,901,407的美国专利中所描述的擦洗机230的透视图，所述美国专利被授予Tennant Company。机器230采用两个反向旋转的圆柱形刷232同时擦洗和清扫地板。水和清洁剂被喷洒在所述刷前面的地板上、以便为进行擦洗操作而润湿地板。然后，在刷232从地板清扫废屑并将废屑清扫进位于刷232的后侧处的废物仓斗234中的同时，刷232擦洗地板。真空橡胶扫帚236在湿擦洗和清扫操作过程中从地板上清除废液。机器230不能够用于仅执行单一的清扫操作，且必需手工从机器上卸除以进行倾倒的仓斗234没有大到足以支持纯清扫操作。因此，机器230仅仅提供有限的清扫能力，需要在采用机器230执行擦洗/清扫操作之前使用专用的清扫机。
存在改进组合地板清扫和擦洗机的持续的需要，例如包括：简化包括废物清除的机器操作、改进机器部件的养护访问、提供防止或减小损坏机器的可能性的特性、以及其他改进。
上述讨论仅仅为提供主要的背景信息，而不试图用作辅助限定所要求的主题内容的范围。
发明内容
本发明的实施例主要涉及一种硬地板清扫和擦洗机(hard floorsweeping and scrubbing machine)。在一个实施例中，所述机器包括移动体、机动的清洁头、废物仓斗、仓斗起重机以及真空橡胶扫帚。所述移动体包括框架，所述框架支撑于在表面上方运动的轮子上。所述机动的清洁头附着在移动体上，并且被构造用于在所述表面上进行清扫和擦洗操作。所述废物仓斗位于所述清洁头的后侧，并且被构造用于在所述表面清扫操作过程中接收从清洁头中排出的废物。所述仓斗起重机被构造用于将废物仓斗从操作位置提升到倾倒位置上，在所述操作位置上，所述废物仓斗定位到所述清洁头的附近，在所述倾倒位置上，所述废物仓斗被定位用于倾倒收集在废物仓斗中的废物。在一个实施例中，所述真空橡胶扫帚附加在所述仓斗起重机上。
本发明的另一个实施例涉及采用上述的地板清扫和擦洗机的实施例清洗表面的方法。
所提供的本发明内容以简化的形式介绍所选择的概念，所述概念还在下文的具体实施例部分中描述。本发明内容并不试图限定所要求保护的主题的关键特征和本质特征，也不试图用作辅助限定所要求保护的主题的范围。所要求保护的主题不限于解决背景技术部分中所述的任何或所有缺陷的实施方式。
附图说明
图1是根据现有技术的专用硬地板清扫机的侧视图；
图2是根据现有技术的专用硬地板擦洗机的侧视图；
图3和图4分别是根据现有技术的组合硬地板清扫和擦洗机的侧视图和透视图；
图5是根据本发明的实施例的清扫和擦洗机的简化图；
图6是根据本发明的实施例的清扫和擦洗机的侧视图；
图7是根据本发明的实施例的废物仓斗和真空橡胶扫帚的透视图；
图8是废物仓斗处于倾倒位置的图6的清扫和擦洗机的侧视图；
图9是示出采用根据本发明的清扫和擦洗机清洗表面的方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种地板清扫和擦洗机。图5和图6分别是根据本发明的实施例的清扫和擦洗机100的示意图和侧视图。虽然机器100被描述为可乘坐(ride-on)的机器，但是机器100也可以设计成供在机器后面走的操作者使用，或所述机器可以被构造用于在车辆后面被牵引。机器100可以通过机载功率源(例如电池或内燃机101)提供动力，或通过电缆(electrical cord)提供动力。
机器100的实施例包括支撑在机动的移动体102上的部件。这些部件例如包括机动的清洁头104、后仓斗106、仓斗起重机108和流体回收系统110。机器100也能包括清洁液或水喷洒系统112、废物回收箱114以及其他部件。
移动体102包括支撑在于表面120上运动的轮子118上的框架116，清洁操作在表面120上进行。
清洁头104能包括一个或多个刷122，所述刷122被构造用于在表面120上进行清扫和擦洗。根据本发明的一个实施例，清洁头104被构造用作清扫/擦洗头，所述清扫/擦洗头被构造用于执行在表面120上的湿和/或干清扫操作，以及擦洗操作。
如图4所示的清洁头104的一个实施例包括以相反方向旋转(如箭头124和126所示)的擦洗/清扫刷122。一个或多个电机驱动刷122的转动。刷122的表面上方的导向板引导被刷122清扫的废物进入废物仓斗106，如箭头128所示。
在干清扫操作过程中，废弃材料128被刷122通过开口129清扫进后仓斗106，所述开口129能被仓斗106的门130覆盖。在一个实施例中，机器100包括一个或多个灰尘控制系统，以减少在这种干清扫操作过程中产生的气载灰尘的量。
根据本发明的一个实施例，所述灰尘控制系统包括液体喷洒系统112，所述液体喷洒系统112包括头104的前侧134上的喷洒器132，所述前侧134与后侧136相反，废物仓斗106位于后侧136上。液体喷洒系统112被构造用于在干清扫操作过程中将灰尘控制液(例如水或泡沫)喷洒到表面120上。施加到表面120上的液体量比在地板擦洗操作过程中施加的量少得多，在地板擦洗过程中，希望表面120完全湿化，以用于去除嵌在表面120上的污物。于是，虽然可以稍稍湿化表面120，但是所述清扫操作仍被认为是干清扫操作。在稍稍湿化表面的情况下，由刷122执行的清扫操作产生的气载灰尘比如果表面120完全干时所产生的气载灰尘少。
根据另一个实施例，机器100包括抽成真空的灰尘控制系统。所述抽成真空的灰尘控制系统包括真空扇(vacuum fan)138，所述真空扇设置成与废物仓斗106或清洁头104真空相通，并如箭头140所示，将气载灰尘吸入机器100中。在一个实施例中，真空扇138通过捕获灰尘的空气过滤器142吸取气载灰尘。
在一个实施例中，机器100包括头起重机144，所述头起重机144被构造用于相对于移动体102的框架116提升和降低清洁头104，如箭头146所示。头起重机144能被用于在运输过程中提升清洁头104脱离表面120，也用于控制在清扫和擦洗操作过程中施加在表面120上的压力。
机器100的另一个实施例包括围绕在清洁头104的侧面、前面和后面的裙围板(skirting)。所述裙围板与地板120接合，防止灰尘和废屑在清扫操作过程中从清洁头104中出来。所述裙围板优选地直接安装在机器100的固定框架116上，以使得裙围板的底部相对于地板保持固定的位置、而与清洁头104的高度无关。这防止在裙围板上出现附加的磨损，如果当清洁头104的刷磨损时或者在迫使所述刷更接近被擦洗表面的清洗操作过程中，允许裙围板随着清洁头104朝着地板移动，则将会在裙围板上出现这种附加的磨损。因此，裙围板的优选实施例不会响应清洁头104的运动而运动。然而，本发明的另一个实施例包括将裙围板安装到清洁头104的外壳上，由此所述裙围板随着清洁头104移动。
在湿擦洗和清扫操作过程中，容装在水箱148中的水或清洁液被喷洒到清洁头104前面的表面120上。表面120上的湿化的废屑由刷122清扫进废物仓斗106，同时它们也擦洗表面120。然后，经过污染的清洁液由流体回收系统110收集，并如箭头150所示沉积在废物回收箱114中。
机器100的流体回收系统110的一个实施例包括安装在邻近机器100的后端136的真空橡胶扫帚152，如图5和图6所示。真空橡胶扫帚152通常包括：橡胶扫帚154，所述橡胶扫帚154延伸跨过机器100的宽度；以及支撑所述橡胶扫帚的框架156，如图7所示。真空橡胶扫帚156也包括真空口158，所述真空口158使用导管或其他传统装置与真空扇138真空相通。真空扇138操作以去除由真空橡胶扫帚152收集并沉积在废物回收箱114中的液体和颗粒废物，如箭头150所示。
在一个实施例中，真空橡胶扫帚152包括橡胶扫帚起重机160，所述橡胶扫帚起重机被构造用于在地板清洁操作过程中将橡胶扫帚154相对于表面120提升和降低很小的距离。典型地，橡胶扫帚起重机160用于当机器100向后运动或仅仅在表面120上执行清扫操作时，相对于表面120提升橡胶扫帚154。采用橡胶扫帚起重机160的一个好处是，在跨过表面120向前和向后移动机器100的同时，能在表面120上进行擦洗操作。
在一个实施例中，橡胶扫帚起重机160在真空橡胶扫帚152的任一侧上包括平行四杆机构，所述平行四杆机构152将真空橡胶扫帚152的框架156连接到机器100的支撑框架上。所述平行四杆机构的一个优势是：在运动过程中，其相对于表面120保持所需的方向。能提供脚轮或其他限制结构，用于限制橡胶扫帚叶片154相对于表面120的低位置。采用橡胶扫帚起重机160提升和降低真空橡胶扫帚152能由起重机气缸164控制，所述起重机气缸164致动枢轴臂160，所述枢轴臂160通过缆线168连接到真空橡胶扫帚152的框架154上。
在清洁操作过程中，清洁头104优选持续地将所期望的压力施加在被清扫或擦洗的表面120上。头起重机144或其他机构能用于控制由清洁头104施加在表面120上的压力。机器100的操作者能通过机器100的控制面板选择所需的压力。
根据本发明的一个实施例，根据操作者的需要而使用多个擦洗压力(例如，轻、中等和重)。本发明的实施例包括在2.5到5.0磅/英寸刷长的范围内的多个擦洗压力设置。
所采用的压力设置与在擦洗操作过程中使用的压力设置相同的清扫操作的性能将导致擦洗刷122的很严重的磨损。这是由表面120上的废屑的研磨造成的，即使存在小量的液体也会如此。相应地，在这种清扫操作过程中，由清洁头104施加在表面120上的压力优选地小于在擦洗操作过程中所采用的压力。另外，实现清扫操作并不需要高压。根据本发明的一个实施例，在清扫操作过程中所施加的压力在1.25到4.0磅/英寸刷长的范围内，并优选小于1.5磅/英寸刷长。
机器100的仓斗106定位在清洁头104的后侧136上。如上所述，仓斗106收集由清洁头104通过开口124排出的湿和干废物128。能从仓斗106通过抽真空的带孔盒(perforated box)、底部排污管或其他处理去除液体。仓斗106位于定位在机器100的后面136处的部件的下方，例如水箱148、废物回收箱114、和/或其他部件，如图6所示。
机器100的一个实施例包括仓斗起重机108。仓斗起重机108的一个实施例包括附着在移动体102的框架116上的一对下支撑构件170，如图6和图8所示。每个延伸臂172通过铰链174连接到下支撑构件170中的一个。仓斗106由安装在延伸臂172的远端177上的框架176支撑。一个或多个水压致动器(hydraulic actuator)178在废物接收或操作位置180(图5和图6)和倾倒位置182(图5和图8)之间驱动延伸臂172，在废物接收或操作位置180上，仓斗106接收所排出的由清洁头104清扫的湿和干废物128，在倾倒位置182上，能将仓斗106中的存放物倾倒进垃圾箱。门130(图5)在起重过程中密封仓斗106的开口129。如图5所示，开启门130以将其中容装的废物128倾倒进垃圾箱。
由于仓斗106的位置在机器100的部件的下方，所以必需在提升仓斗106之前将仓斗在所述部件的下面滑移。根据此处提供的典型的实施例，为了允许仓斗106从机器100的部件的下方进行清洗，仓斗起重机108的下支撑构件170基本上垂直于表面120(即，向前的角度小于5°)。因此，当仓斗106位于其废物接收位置时，仓斗106上的重力不足以将仓斗106固定在更向前的废物接收位置180上。根据本发明的一个实施例，水压致动器178施加力以朝着它们的相应的支撑构件170推动所述延伸臂，以将仓斗106移动到最后的废物接收位置180。根据本发明的一个实施例，水压致动器178对延伸臂172施加持续的力，以在清洁操作过程中，将仓斗106保持在废物接收位置180上。可替代地，机械闩锁(latch)能在清洁操作过程中将仓斗106保持在废物接收位置180上。
根据本发明的一个实施例，真空橡胶扫帚152附加在废物仓斗106的后侧186或仓斗起重机108上，以使得真空橡胶扫帚152随着仓斗起重机108提升和降低废物仓斗106而移动。能够直接或通过一个或多个中间部件，将真空橡胶扫帚152附加在废物仓斗106或仓斗起重机108上。因此，正如在这里使用的，当真空橡胶扫帚152与废物仓斗106相连接时，将真空橡胶扫帚152考虑成“附于”废物仓斗106或仓斗起重机108、废物仓斗106的支撑结构(例如框架176)、或附加在废物仓斗106上的部件(例如橡胶扫帚起重机(squeegee lift)160)、或其他与仓斗起重机108相连的部件。在图7所示的典型的构造中，由于将真空橡胶扫帚152安装到支撑废物仓斗106的仓斗起重机108的框架176上，所以真空橡胶扫帚152附加在废物仓斗106上并与仓斗起重机108相连接。
相应地，当真空橡胶扫帚152由延伸臂172支撑或与任何由支撑臂172支撑的部件相连时，将真空橡胶扫帚152考虑成附加在废物仓斗106或仓斗起重机108上。另一方面，如果真空橡胶扫帚152支撑在仓斗起重机108的铰链174的下支撑臂170侧上，由于真空橡胶扫帚152将不能随着废物仓斗106的提升和降低一起提升和降低，所以真空橡胶扫帚152将不能考虑成“附于”废物仓斗106或仓斗起重机108。
将真空橡胶扫帚152安装在仓斗起重机108上，提供了多个超过现有设计的优势，在现有技术的设计中，将真空橡胶扫帚152安装在移动体102的框架116上，并且通常仅能通过在水平面内围绕枢轴旋转真空橡胶扫帚152而接近(accessible)真空橡胶扫帚152。例如，本发明的真空橡胶扫帚152通过将仓斗起重机108提升到倾倒位置182或在倾倒位置182和操作位置180之间的中间位置，很容易被接近。这允许真空橡胶扫帚152比现有技术的构造更容易进行检测、修理、调整和更换。
另外，能容易地提升真空橡胶扫帚152以避免阻碍。例如，通过将现有技术的清洁器沿斜坡向上移动并加载到运输车辆的基座上而将所述清洁器加载到运输车辆上，能够导致对以传统方式安装的橡胶扫帚的损害。结果，为了确保其不受损害，必须卸除以传统方式安装的橡胶扫帚，并在到达目的地之后将其重新安装。当橡胶扫帚起重机160丧失了将真空橡胶扫帚152提升到安全高度所需的希望运动范围时，仓斗起重机108能够将真空橡胶扫帚升高一只脚或更多只脚的高度、使其提升离开地面，以避免接触运输车辆的基座的任何可能性，由此简化机器100的加载过程。
在清洁操作过程中，真空橡胶扫帚152可能碰到某些东西，例如在表面120上的某些东西。为了防止真空橡胶扫帚152的损坏，本发明的一个实施例包括由仓斗起重机108施加固定的保持力、以将仓斗106保持在废物接收位置180上。当受到抓住仓斗106或真空橡胶扫帚152的物体的碰撞时，所述保持力由仓斗起重机108自动释放，并且允许延伸臂172围绕铰链174向后转动，以避免损坏仓斗106、橡胶扫帚152以及机器100的其他部件。根据本发明的一个实施例，当保持力由于机器100的部件与物体相接触而被克服时，由延伸臂172或附加在仓斗起重机108的框架188的部件的向后运动所感测，保持力被立即释放。可替代地，传感器能用于检测冲击力，并在到达阈值时释放保持力。
机器100也能包括侧橡胶扫帚190，如图6所示，所述侧橡胶扫帚190被构造用于朝向路径中心引导流体和废屑，机器100沿着所述路径运动以便于真空橡胶扫帚152进行拾取。根据本发明的一个实施例，侧橡胶扫帚190安装在清洁头104附近的机器100的侧门192上。将侧门192安装在移动体102的框架116上。
每个侧橡胶扫帚190能通过一对平行四杆机构被安装在相应的门192上，所述平行四杆机构以与上述对于橡胶扫帚起重机160相似的方式进行操作。在一个实施例中，侧橡胶扫帚190的提升和降低依赖于清洁头104的提升和降低。根据一个实施例，真空橡胶扫帚152的提升自动地造成侧橡胶扫帚190的提升。因此，从机器100的操作者输入的提升橡胶扫帚的单一输入导致所有的橡胶扫帚的提升。这能通过机器100的控制或通过将橡胶扫帚的缆线连接到相同的起重机气缸而被实现。
本发明的机器100的不依赖于清洁头104而提升和降低橡胶扫帚190的能力提供超过现有技术的优势。这允许橡胶扫帚190仅在擦洗操作过程中被降低、而在清扫操作过程中被提升，这导致侧橡胶扫帚190的磨损减少。另外，由于橡胶扫帚190通常设计成仅当机器100正在向前移动时与表面接合，因此当清洁器正在向后移动时，由于侧橡胶扫帚和擦洗头都必须被提升，所以利用具有安装在擦洗头上的侧橡胶扫帚的清洁器的擦洗操作是无法进行的。然而，由于本发明的侧橡胶扫帚190能不依赖于清洁头104的位置被提升，所以当机器100向后运动并提升侧橡胶扫帚和后橡胶扫帚时，能降低清洁头104以进行擦洗操作。
本发明的一个实施例包括当橡胶扫帚190和152处于提升位置并且机器100正在向后移动时进行擦洗操作的方法。所述方法也包括当清洁器正向前移动而橡胶扫帚提升或降低时进行擦洗操作。这种清洁操作允许液体更长时间地保留在地板上或表面120上(即，流体回收系统不能立即用于去除废液)，由此当需要时允许对表面120进行更彻底的清洁。
图9为根据本发明的实施例的清洁表面的方法的流程图。在所述方法的步骤192中，根据上述实施例提供了擦洗和清扫机100。在一个实施例中，机器100包括机动的清洁头104、废物仓斗106、仓斗起重机108和附加在所述仓斗起重机上的真空橡胶扫帚152的实施例。在步骤192中，废物仓斗置于操作位置180上，在所述操作位置上，废物仓斗106位于清洁头104的后侧136附近。接着，在步骤193中，采用清洁头104在表面126上进行清洁操作。清洁操作的实施例包括清扫和/或擦洗操作。根据一个实施例，在擦洗操作过程中，由清洁头104将废物128清扫进废物仓斗106中，并采用真空橡胶扫帚152将废液从表面120上去除。在步骤194中，采用仓斗起重机108将废物仓斗106和附加的真空橡胶扫帚152提升到倾倒位置182上。最后，在步骤195中倾倒容装在废物仓斗106中的废物128。
根据一个实施例，在清扫操作过程中，由清洁头104施加在表面120上的压力比在擦洗操作过程中施加在表面120上的压力小。
根据所述方法的另一个实施例，在清扫操作过程中，通过采用液体喷洒器112将液体施加在表面120上以湿化表面120，来控制灰尘。根据另一个实施例，在清扫操作过程中，通过采用真空扇138经过空气过滤器142吸取灰尘来控制灰尘。
虽然本发明已经参照优选的实施例进行了描述，但本领域的技术人员应当理解在不违背本发明的精神和范围的情况下可以对形式和细节进行改动。

Claims (20)

1.一种地板清扫和擦洗机，包括：
移动体，所述移动体包括支撑在于表面上方运动的轮子上的框架；
机动的清洁头，所述机动的清洁头附加在移动体上，且被构造用于在所述表面上进行清扫和擦洗操作；
废物仓斗，所述废物仓斗位于所述清洁头的后侧，并被构造用于在所述表面清扫操作过程中接收从清洁头中排放出的废物；
仓斗起重机，所述仓斗起重机与所述移动体连接，并被构造用于将废物仓斗从操作位置提升到倾倒位置上，在所述操作位置上，所述废物仓斗定位到所述清洁头的附近，在所述倾倒位置上，所述废物仓斗定位用于倾倒收集在废物仓斗中的废物；以及
真空橡胶扫帚。
2.根据权利要求1所述的机器，其中，所述真空橡胶扫帚附加在所述仓斗起重机上，由此，响应仓斗起重机对废物仓斗的提升和降低，而提升和降低所述真空橡胶扫帚。
3.根据权利要求2所述的机器，其中，所述真空橡胶扫帚包括橡胶扫帚框架和与所述橡胶扫帚框架相连的橡胶扫帚。
4.根据权利要求1所述的机器，其中：
所述清洁头包括第一和第二圆柱形刷，所述每个刷被构造用于围绕水平轴线旋转；以及
所述清洁头被构造用于在表面上进行干清扫操作和在表面上进行湿清扫和擦洗操作。
5.根据权利要求4所述的清洁器，其中，真空橡胶扫帚通过支撑所述废物仓斗的仓斗框架附加在仓斗起重机上。
6.根据权利要求1所述的机器，还包括：
真空扇，所述真空扇与所述真空橡胶扫帚的真空口真空连通；以及废物回收箱，其被构造用于接收由所述真空橡胶扫帚收集的废液。
7.根据权利要求1所述的清洁器，还包括灰尘控制系统，所述灰尘控制系统包括空气过滤器和真空扇，所述真空扇被构造用于通过所述空气过滤器从所述废物仓斗中吸取灰尘。
8.根据权利要求1所述的机器，其中，所述仓斗起重机包括附加在所述移动体的框架上的第一臂、支撑所述废物仓斗和所述真空橡胶扫帚的第二臂、以及连接所述第一臂和第二臂的铰链，由此，所述第二臂围绕所述铰链转动，以使所述废物仓斗在操作位置和倾倒位置之间移动。
9.一种地板清扫和擦洗机，包括：
移动体，所述移动体包括支撑在于表面上方运动的轮子上的框架；
机动的清洁头，所述机动的清洁头附加在移动体上，且被构造用于在所述表面上进行清扫和擦洗操作；
废物仓斗，所述废物仓斗位于所述清洁头的后侧，并被构造用于在所述表面清扫操作过程中接收从清洁头中排放出的液体和固体废物；
仓斗起重机，所述仓斗起重机与所述移动体连接，并被构造用于将废物仓斗从操作位置提升到倾倒位置上，在所述操作位置上，所述废物仓斗定位到所述清洁头的附近，在所述倾倒位置上，所述废物仓斗定位用于倾倒收集在废物仓斗中的废物；以及
真空橡胶扫帚，所述真空橡胶扫帚附加在所述仓斗起重机上，由此，响应仓斗起重机对废物仓斗的提升和降低，而提升和降低所述真空橡胶扫帚。
10.根据权利要求9所述的机器，其中，所述真空橡胶扫帚通过支撑所述废物仓斗的仓斗框架附加在所述仓斗起重机上。
11.根据权利要求9所述的机器，还包括位于所述清洁头的前侧上的液体喷洒器，所述清洁头的前侧与后侧相反，所述液体喷洒器被构造用于将液体施加在所述表面上。
12.根据权利要求9所述的机器，其中，所述仓斗起重机包括附加在所述移动体的框架上的第一臂、支撑所述废物仓斗和所述真空橡胶扫帚的第二臂、以及连接所述第一臂和第二臂的铰链，由此，所述第二臂围绕所述铰链转动，以使所述废物仓斗在操作位置和倾倒位置之间移动。
13.根据权利要求9所述的机器，还包括：
真空扇，所述真空扇与所述真空橡胶扫帚的真空口真空连通；以及
废物回收箱，所述废物回收箱被构造用于接收由所述真空橡胶扫帚收集的废液。
14.根据权利要求9所述的清洗器，还包括灰尘控制系统，所述灰尘控制系统包括空气过滤器和真空扇，所述真空扇被构造用于通过所述空气过滤器从废物仓斗吸取灰尘。
15.根据权利要求9所述的机器，其中，所述清洁头被构造用于在所述表面上进行干清扫操作以及在表面上进行湿清扫和擦洗操作。
16.根据权利要求15所述的机器，其中，所述清洁头包括第一和第二圆柱形刷，所述每个圆柱形刷被构造为围绕水平轴线转动。
17.一种清洁表面的方法，包括如下步骤：
提供地板清扫和擦洗机，所述地板清扫和擦洗机包括：
机动的清洁头；
废物仓斗；
与所述废物仓斗相连的仓斗起重机；以及
附加在所述仓斗起重机上的真空橡胶扫帚；
将所述废物仓斗放置在操作位置上，在所述操作位置上，所述废物仓斗位于所述清洁头的后侧附近；
采用所述清洁头在所述表面上进行清洁操作，所述清洁操作包括将废物清扫进所述废物仓斗中；
采用所述仓斗起重机，将所述废物仓斗和所述真空橡胶扫帚提升到倾倒位置；以及
倾倒容装在所述废物仓斗中的废物。
18.根据权利要求17所述的方法，还包括在所述表面上进行擦洗操作，所述擦洗操作包括：采用所述清洁头将废物清扫进所述废物仓斗，以及采用所述真空橡胶扫帚从所述表面上收集和去除废液。
19.根据权利要求18所述的方法，还包括在所述清扫操作过程中用所述清洁头在所述表面上施加比在所述擦洗操作过程中所施加的压力小的压力。
20.根据权利要求17所述的方法，还包括在所述清扫操作过程中湿化所述表面并通过空气过滤器吸取灰尘。
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CN104055464A (zh) * 2014-05-09 2014-09-24 浙江理工大学 一种儿童扫地拖地机
CN107115068A (zh) * 2017-05-30 2017-09-01 扬州金威环保科技有限公司 一种用于洗地机的清扫回尘系统
CN107115068B (zh) * 2017-05-30 2024-02-13 扬州金威环保科技有限公司 一种用于洗地机的清扫回尘系统
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CN114190834B (zh) * 2021-07-23 2023-01-24 杭州乐秀电子科技有限公司 一种清洁用具

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CN100563543C (zh) 2009-12-02
MX2007013798A (es) 2008-01-21
US7665174B2 (en) 2010-02-23
WO2006121783A1 (en) 2006-11-16
US20060282965A1 (en) 2006-12-21
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